1. 40 lbs CaCO3 containing 40% Ca, 12% C, and 48% O 11.

2500lbs of a 10% by weight solution of Na2SO4 in

was mixed with 160 lbs CaO containing 71.5% Ca & water is to be crystallized. It is desired that the 95% by
28.5%. Calculate the %CaCO3 and %CaO in the mixture. weight of the salt to be recovered in the crop. This is done
by cooling to 40℃ where the dehydrates crystals are
2. The rubber contains 7% S, 92% hydrocarbon and 1% C. formed. Calculate the amount of H2O that evaporated from
More carbon black are added to make the product 5.2% the original solution.
carbon black. What is %S in the product?
12. A tank holds 10,000kg of a saturated solution of NaCO3
3. A concentrated acid product should contain 30% HNO3, at 30℃. This is to be crystallized to a 3000 kg of
60% H2SO4, and 10% H2O. If the waste acid contains 25%
Na2CO3∙10H2O with accompanying water. To what temp.
HNO3, 55% H2SO4 and 20% H2O, how many pounds of
must the solution be cooled?
H2SO4 (containing 5% H2O) and HNO3 (10% H2O) must
be added to produce 1000 lbs of the product. 13. A distillation column separates 10,000 kg/h of a 50%
benzene and 50% toluene. The product recovered from the
4. Paper pulp containing 85% H2O is dried until it contains
top contains 95% benzene while the bottom product
8% H2O. Water is evaporated at P9.00/ton of product.
contains 96% toluene. The steam entering the condenser
Calculate the drying cost per 100lbs of H2O removed.
from the top of the column is 8000 kg/h. A portion of the
5. In a continuous process, 100lbs of wet air/min containing product is returned to the column as reflux and the
0.02 lbs of H2O vapor/lb of dry air enters a chamber where remaining is withdrawn as top product. Find the ratio of the
H2O vapor is added to the air. The air leaving the chamber amount refluxed to the product taken out.
contains 0.05 lbs of H2O vapor per lb of dry air. Calculate
14. Fresh juice contains 15% solids and 85% water by
the amount of H2O added to the initial wet air/min.
weight and is to be concentrated to contain 40% solids by
6. A mixture containing 20% benzene, 50% toluene, and weight. In a single evaporation system, it is found that
30% xylene is to be separated into a distillate containing volatile constituents of juice escape with water leaving the
among others 1% xylene and a bottom product containing concentrated juice a flat taste. In order to overcome this
1% benzene. The benzene recovery is 98%. Calculate the problem, part of the fresh juice bypasses the evaporator.
amount of distillate and bottoms as well as their respective Calculate: (a) the fraction of juice that bypasses the
composition per 1000lbs of feed. evaporator, (b) the concentrated juice produced (containing
40% solids) per 100 kg of fresh juice fed to the process.
7. The NH3-air mixture containing 0.2 kg NH3 per kg air
enters into absorption system where ammonia is absorbed 15. Wet solids containing 60% water and 40% solids are to
in water. The gas leaving the system is found to contain be dried in a drier to get solids containing 8% water by
0.004 kg NH3/kg of air. Find the percentage recovery of weight. The fresh air contains 0.015 kg water vapour per
ammonia. kg dry air and air leaving the dryer contains 0.06 kg water
vapour per kg dry air. If the quantity of dry air entering the
8. An aqueous solution of pyridine containing 27% wt. dryer per kg of solids is 100 kg, calculate: (a) quantity of
pyridine and 73% by wt. water is to be extracted with fresh air, (b) the fraction of air recirculated and the (c)
chlorobenzene. The feed and solvent are mixed well in recycle ratio.
batch extractor and the mixture is then allowed to stand for
phase separation. The extract phase contains 11% pyridine, 16. Material lost in cleaning drums and tanks after their
88.1% chlorobenzene, and 0.9% water (wt.). The raffinate contents have been discharged not only represents
phase contains 5% pyridine and 95% water. Calculate the economic loss but also possible environmental problems.
weight ratio of solvent to feed on 100kg feed. After emptying, before tanks are flushed with water, a
certain percent of the tank contents remains on the inside
9. The ground nut seeds containing 45% oil and 45% solids surface of the tank. A measurement for water flushing of a
are fed to expeller. The cake coming out of expeller is steel tank originally containing motor oil showed that 0.15
found to contain 80% solids and 5% oil. Find the percent by weight of the original contents remained on the
percentage recovery of oil. interior tank surface. What is the fractional loss of oil
before flushing with water, and the pounds of discharge of
10. A slurry of talc in water contains 75% H2O by weight.
motor oil into the environment during cleaning of a 10,000
If 80% of the original H2O is removed and 600 lbs of filter
gal tank truck that carried motor oil.
cake is obtained, calculate the original weight of slurry.
17. A moist paper containing 18% H2O goes into the dryer
in a continuous process. The paper leaves the dryer
containing 2% H2O. Calculate the amount of H2O removed
per ton of moist paper.

18. Two methanol-water mixtures are contained in separate

flasks. The first mixture contains 40.0 wt% methanol, and
the second contains 70.0 wt% methanol. If 200g of the first
mixture is combined with 150g of the second, what are the
mass and composition of the product?

19. a stream containing 5.15 wt% chromium, Cr, is

contained in the wastewater from a metal finishing plant.
The wastewater stream is fed to a treatment unit that
removes 95% of the chromium in the feed and recycles it
to the plant. The residual liquid stream leaving the
treatment unit is sent to a waste lagoon. The treatment unit
has a maximum capacity of 4500 kg wastewater/h. If
wastewater leaves the finishing plant at a rate higher than
the capacity of the treatment unit, the excess (anything
above 4500 kg/h) bypasses the unit and combines and
combines with the residual liquid leaving the unit, and the
combined stream goes to the waste lagoon. Calculate the
flow rate of liquid to the waste lagoon and the mass fraction
of Cr.

20. An evaporation-crystallization process of the type

described in problem 19 is used to obtain solid potassium
sulfate from an aqueous solution of this salt. The fresh feed
to the process contains 19.6 wt% K2SO4. The wet filter
cake consists of K2SO4 crystals and a 40.0 wt% K2SO4
solution, in a ratio 10 kg crystals/kg solution. The filtrate,
also a 40.0% solution, is recycled to join the fresh feed of
the water fed to the evaporator, 45.0% is evaporated. The
evaporator has a maximum capacity of 175 kg water
evaporated/s.