Technical Information

Subject
Maintenance, inspection and test of Fire-Protection

Systems and Appliances on board the Panama-registered
ships Technical
Information
No. TEC-0970
Date 31 October 2013
To whom it may concern
The Panama Government has informed ClassNK that Merchant Marine Circular No.281, "Guidelines
for the Maintenance and Inspection of Fire-Protection Systems and Appliances", which is in reference
to maintenance, inspection and test of Fire-Protection System and Appliances on board the
Panama-registered ships, was revised. The essential points of the Guidelines are shown below. The
previous ClassNK Technical Information No.TEC-0910 is now superseded.
Purpose of the Guidelines

Provide the minimum recommended level of maintenance and inspections for the protection system
and emergency equipment.

i
Application of the Guidelines
d
and appliances. It should be noted that the general requirements contained in this Guideline are not an
inclusive list of maintenance or inspection items for fire protection systems, fire fighting appliances,
1. The Guidelines applies to all Panamanian flag ships including units under MODU code. This
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information may be used as a basis for the ship's onboard maintenance plan required by SOLAS
regulation II-2/14.
2. The Guidelines will also address maintenance and inspection of fixed carbon dioxide systems or
portable fire extinguishers. As for the comprehensive instructions, they are provided in the
Guidelines for the maintenance and inspections of fixed carbon dioxide fire extinguishing
systems (MSC.1/Circ.1318) for fixed carbon dioxide systems, and in the Improved Guidelines for
marine portable fire extinguishers (Resolution A.951 (23)) for portable fire extinguishers.
3. Our surveyors will confirm that the maintenance and testing records of fire protection systems
and appliances are on board Panama-registered ships at every survey for Safety Equipment.
4. Where particular arrangements create practical difficulties, alternative testing and maintenance
procedures and maintenance period should be consulted directly to the Administration. (See the
1.2.5 of the Guidelines).
The Abstract of the Guidelines is referred to the attachment 1. "General Requirements for the
Maintenance and Inspection of Fire-protection Systems and Appliances (Abstract of Merchant Marine
Circular No.281)".
As necessary, please refer to original text of the Circular (attachment 2.) which is available on Panama
Government Internet Homepage (http://www.segumar.com).
(To be continued)
NOTES:
 ClassNK Technical Information is provided only for the purpose of supplying current information to its readers.
 ClassNK, its officers, employees and agents or sub-contractors do not warrant the accuracy of the information contained
herein and are not liable for any loss, damage or expense sustained whatsoever by any person caused by use of or
reliance on this information.
 Back numbers are available on ClassNK Internet Homepage (URL: www.classnk.or.jp).
ClassNK Technical Information No. TEC-0970
For any questions about the above, please contact:
NIPPON KAIJI KYOKAI (ClassNK)

Survey Department, Administration Center, Head Office
Address: 4-7 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8567, Japan
Tel.: +81-3-5226-2027
Fax: +81-3-5226-2029
E-mail: [email protected]
Attachment:
1. General Requirements for the Maintenance and Inspection of Fire-protection Systems and
Appliances (Abstract of Merchant Marine Circular No.281)
2. Merchant Marine Circular No.281, "Guidelines for the Maintenance and Inspection of
Fire-Protection Systems and Appliances" (Original)
3.
4.
5.
6.
Fire-Extinguishing Systems
d
MSC.1/Circ.1318: Guidelines for the Maintenance and Inspections of Fixed Carbon Dioxide
Resolution A.951(23): Improved Guidelines for Marine Portable Fire Extinguishers

MSC.1/Circ.1312: Revised Guidelines for the Performance and Testing Criteria, and Survey of
Foam Concentrates for Fixed Fire-Extinguishing Systems
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MSC.1/Circ.798: Guidelines for Performance and Testing Criteria and Surveys of
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Medium-Expansion Concentrates for Fire-Extinguishing Systems
7. MSC.1/Circ.670: Guidelines for Performance and Testing Criteria and Surveys of
High-Expansion Concentrates for Fire-Extinguishing Systems
8. MSC/Circ.600: Annual Leakage Check of Halon Fire-Extinguishing Systems
2
Attachment 1. to
ClassNK Technical Information No.TEC-0970
Attachment 1. General Requirements for the Maintenance and Inspection of

Fire-protection Systems and Appliances (Abstract of Merchant Marine Circular No.281)
1. General Requirements for the Maintenance and Inspection of Fire-protection Systems

and Appliances.
1.1 Operational readiness
1.1.1 All fire protection system and appliances should be, at all times, in good order and
readily available for immediate use while the ship is in service. If a fire protection
system is undergoing maintenance, testing or repair, then suitable arrangements should
be made to ensure safety is not diminished through the provisions of alternative fixed or
portable fire protection equipment or other measures. The onboard maintenance plan
should include provisions for this purpose.
1.2
1.2.1
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1.2.2
Maintenance and Testing
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Onboard maintenance and inspections should be carried out in accordance with the
ship's maintenance plan.
Certain maintenance procedures and inspections may be performed by competent crew
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members who have at least completed an advanced fire-fighting training course of
STCW, while others should be performed by persons specially trained in the
maintenance of such systems. The on board maintenance plan should indicate which
parts of the recommended inspections and maintenance are to be completed by trained
personnel.
1.2.3 Inspections should be carried out by the crew to ensure that the indicated weekly,
monthly, quarterly, annual, two-year, five-year and ten-year actions are taken for the
specified equipment, if provided. Records of the inspections should be carried on board
the ship, or may be computer based. In cases where the inspections and maintenance are
carried out by trained service technicians other than the ship's crew, inspection reports
should be provided at the completion of the testing.
1.2.4 In addition to the onboard maintenance and inspections stated in these circular,
manufacturer's maintenance and inspection guidelines should be followed.
1.2.5 Where particular arrangements create practical difficulties, alternative testing and
maintenance procedures should be consulted directly to the Administration.
1.3 Weekly Testing and Inspections

1.3.1 Fixed fire detection and alarm systems:
a. Verify all fire detection and fire alarm control panel indicators are functional by
operating the lamp/indicator test switch.
1.3.2 Fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems:
a. Verify all fixed fire-extinguishing system control panel indicators are functional by
b. Verify all control/section valves are in the correct position.
1.3.3 Fire doors:
a. Verify all fire door control panel indicators, if provided, are functional by operating the
lamp/indicator switch.
1.3.4 Public address and general alarm systems:
a. Verify all public address systems and general alarm systems are functioning properly.
1.3.5 Breathing apparatus:
a. Examine all breathing apparatus and EEBD cylinder gauges to confirm they are in the
correct pressure range.
1.3.6
a.
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1.3.7
Low location lighting:
d
Verify low location lighting systems are functional by switching off normal lighting in
selected locations.
Water mist, water spray and sprinkler systems:
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a. Verify all control panel indicators and alarms are functional.
b. Visually inspect pump unit and its fittings.
c. Check the pump unit valve positions, if valves are not locked, as applicable.
1.4 Monthly testing and inspections

Monthly inspections should be carried out to ensure that the indicated actions are taken
for the specified equipment:
1.4.1 Fire mains, fire pumps, hydrants, hoses and nozzles
a. Verify all fire hydrants, hose and nozzles are in place, properly arranged, and are in
serviceable condition.
b. Operate all fire pumps to confirm that they continue to supply adequate pressure.
c. Emergency fire pump fuel supply adequate, and heating system in satisfactory condition,
if applicable.
1.4.2 Fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems
a. Verify containers/cylinders fitted with pressure gauges are in the proper range and the
installation free from leakage.
1.4.3 Foam fire-extinguishing systems
a. Verify all control and section valves are in the proper open or closed position, and all
pressure gauges are in the proper range.
1.4.4 Water mist, water spray and sprinkler systems
a. Verify all control, pump unit and section valves are in the proper open or closed
position.
b. Verify sprinkler pressure tanks or other means have correct levels of water.
c. Test automatic starting arrangements on all system pumps so designed;
d. Verify all standby pressure and air/gas pressure gauges are within the proper pressure
ranges; and
e. Test a selected sample of system section valves for flow and proper initiation of
alarms.(Note – The valves selected for testing should be chosen to ensure that all valves
are tested within a oneyear period.)
1.4.5 Firefighter's outfits
a. Verify lockers providing storage for firefighting equipment contain their full inventory
and equipment is in serviceable condition.
1.4.6
a.
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1.4.7
d
Fixed dry chemical powder systems
Verify all control and section valves are in the proper open or closed position, and all
pressure gauges are in the proper range.
Fixed aerosol extinguishing systems
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a. Verify all electrical connections and/or manual operating stations are properly arranged,
and are in proper condition.
b. verify the actuation system/control panel circuits are within manufacturer's
specifications.
1.4.8 Portable foam applicators
a. Verify all portable foam applicators are in place, properly arranged, and are in proper
condition.
1.4.9 Wheeled (mobile) fire extinguishers
a. Verify all extinguishers are in place, properly arranged, and are in proper condition.
1.4.10 Fixed fire detection and alarm systems
a. Test a sample of detectors and manual call points so that all devices have been tested
within five years. For very large systems the sample size should be determined by the
Administration.
1.5 Quarterly testing and inspections

Quarterly inspections should be carried out to ensure that the actions are taken for the
specified equipment.
a. Verify international shore connection(s) is in serviceable condition.
a. Verify the proper quantity of foam concentrate is provided in the foam system.
1.5.3 Ventilation systems and fire dampers
a. Test all fire dampers for local operation.
1.5.4 Fire doors:
a. Test all fire doors located in main vertical zone bulkheads for local operation.
1.6 Annual testing and inspections.

Annual inspections should be carried out to ensure that the indicated actions are taken
for the specified equipment:
a. Visually inspect all accessible components for proper condition.
b. Flow test all fire pumps for proper pressure and capacity. Test emergency fire pump
c.
d.
i with isolation valves closed.
d
Test all hydrant valves for proper operation.
Pressure test a sample of fire hoses at the maximum fire main pressure, so that all fire
hoses are tested within five years.
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e. Verify all fire pump relief valves, if provided, are properly set.
f. Examine all filters/strainers to verify they are free of debris and contamination.
g. Nozzle size/type correct, maintained and working.
1.6.2 Fixed fire detection and fire alarm systems
a. Test all fire detection systems and fire detection systems used to automatically release
fire-extinguishing systems for proper operation, as appropriate.
b. Visually inspect all accessible detectors for evidence of tampering obstruction, etc., so
that all detectors are inspected within one year.
c. Test emergency power supply switchover.
b. Externally examine all high pressure cylinders for evidence of damage or corrosion.
c. Check the hydrostatic test date of all storage containers.
d. Functionally test all fixed system audible and visual alarms.
e. Verify all control/section valves are in the correct position.
f. Check the connections of all pilot release piping and tubing for tightness.
g. Examine all flexible hoses in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations.
h. Test all fuel shut-off controls connected to fire-protection systems for proper operation.
i. The boundaries of the protected space should be visually inspected to confirm that no
modifications have been made to the enclosure that have created uncloseable openings
that would render the system ineffective.
j. If cylinders are installed inside the protected space, verify the integrity of the double
release lines inside the protected space, and check low pressure or circuit integrity
monitors on release cabinet, as applicable.
b. Functionally test all fixed system audible alarms.
c. Flow test all water supply and foam pumps for proper pressure and capacity, and
confirm flow at the required pressure in each section (Ensure all piping is thoroughly
flushed with fresh water after service.)
d. Test all system cross connections to other sources of water supply for proper operation.
e. Verify all pump relief valves, if provided, are properly set.
f.
g.
h.
i d
Examine all filters/strainers to verify they are free of debris and contamination.
Verify all control/section valves are in the correct position.
Blow dry compressed air or nitrogen through the discharge piping or otherwise confirm
the pipework and nozzles of high expansion foam systems are clear of any obstructions,
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debris and contamination. This may require the removal of nozzles, if applicable.
i. Take samples from all foam concentrates carried on board and subject them to the
periodical control tests in MSC.1/Circ.1312, for low expansion foam, or MSC/Circ.670
for high expansion foam. (Note: Except for non-alcohol resistant foam, the first test
need not be conducted until 3 years after being supplied to the ship.)
j. Test all fuel shut-off controls connected to fire-protection systems for proper operation.
a. Verify proper operation of all water mist, water-spray and sprinkler systems using the
test valves for each section.
b. Visually inspect all accessible components for proper condition.
c. Externally examine all high pressure cylinders for evidence of damage or corrosion.
d. Check the hydrostatic test date of all high pressure cylinders.
e. Functionally test all fixed system audible and visual alarms.
f. Flow test all pumps for proper pressure and capacity.
g. Test all antifreeze systems for adequate freeze protection.
h. Test all system cross connections to other sources of water supply for proper operation.
i. Verify all pump relief valves, if provided, are properly set.
j. Examine all filters/strainers to verify they are free of debris and contamination.
k. Verify all control/section valves are in the correct position.
l. Blow dry compressed air or nitrogen through the discharge piping of dry pipe systems,
or otherwise confirm the pipework and nozzles are clear of any obstructions. This may
require the removal of nozzles, if applicable.
m. Test emergency power supply switchover, where applicable.
n. Visually inspect all sprinklers focusing in areas where sprinklers are subject to
aggressive atmosphere (like saunas, spas, kitchen areas) and subject to physical damage
(like luggage handling areas, gyms, play rooms, etc.) so that all sprinklers are inspected
within one year.
o. Check for any changes that may affect the system such as obstructions by ventilation
ducts, pipes, etc.
p. Test a minimum of one section in each open head water mist system by flowing water
through the nozzles. The sections tested should be chosen so that all sections are tested
within a five-year period.
q.
1.6.6
a.
i d
Test a minimum of two automatic sprinklers or automatic water mist nozzles for proper
operation.
Ventilation systems and fire dampers
Test all fire dampers for remote operation.
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b. Verify galley exhaust ducts and filters are free of grease buildup.
c. Test all ventilation controls interconnected with fire-protection systems for proper
operation.
1.6.7 Fire doors
a. Test all remotely controlled fire doors for proper release.
1.6.8 Breathing apparatus
a. Check breathing apparatus air recharging systems, if fitted, for air quality.
b. Check all breathing apparatus face masks and air demand valves are in serviceable
condition.
c. Check EEBDs according to maker's instructions.
1.6.9 Fixed dry chemical powder systems
b. Verify the pressure regulators are in proper order and within calibration.
c. Agitate the dry chemical powder charge with nitrogen in accordance with system
manufacturer's instructions.(Note: Due to the powder's affinity for moisture, any
nitrogen gas introduced for agitation must be moisture free.)
1.6.10 Fixed aerosol extinguishing systems
a. Verify condensed or dispersed aerosol generators have not exceeded their mandatory
replacement date. Pneumatic or electric actuators should be demonstrated working, as
far as practicable.
1.6.11 Portable foam applicators
a. Verify all portable foam applicators are set to the correct proportioning ratio for the
foam concentrate supplied and the equipment is in proper order.
b. Verify all portable containers or portable tanks containing foam concentrate remain
factory sealed, and the manufacturer's recommended service life interval has not been
exceeded.
c. Portable containers or portable tanks containing foam concentrate, excluding protein
based concentrates, less than 10 years old, that remain factory sealed can normally be
accepted without the periodical foam control tests required in MSC.1/Circ.1312 being
carried out.
d. Protein based foam concentrate portable containers and portable tanks should be
thoroughly checked and, if more than five years old, the foam concentrate should be
e.
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subjected to the periodical foam control tests required in MSC.1/Circ.1312, or renewed.
The foam concentrates of any non-sealed portable containers and portable tanks, and
portable containers and portable tanks where production data is not documented, should
be subjected to the periodical foam control tests required in MSC.1/Circ.1312.
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a. Perform periodical inspections in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
b. Visually inspect all accessible components for proper condition.
c. Check the hydrostatic test date of each cylinder.
d. For dry powder extinguishers, invert extinguisher to ensure powder is agitated.
1.6.13 Galley and deep fat cooking fire-extinguishing systems
a. Check galley and deep fat cooking fire-extinguishing systems in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions.
1.7 Two-year testing and inspections

Two-year inspections should be carried out to ensure that the indicated actions are taken
for the specified equipment.
a. All high pressure extinguishing agents cylinders and pilot cylinders should be weighed
or have their contents verified by other reliable means to confirm that the available
charge in each is above 95 per cent of the nominal charge. Cylinders containing less
than 95 per cent of the nominal charge should be refilled.
b. Blow dry compressed air or nitrogen through the discharge piping or otherwise confirm
the pipe work and nozzles are clear of any obstructions. This may require the removal
of nozzles, if applicable.
a. Blow dry nitrogen through the discharge piping to confirm that the pipe work and
nozzles are clear of any obstructions.
b. Operationally test local and remote controls and section valves.
c. Verify the contents of propellant gas cylinders (including remote operating stations)
d. Test a sample of dry chemical powder for moisture content.
e. Subject the powder containment vessel, safety valve and discharge hoses to a full
working pressure test.
1.8 Five-year service

At least once every five years, the following inspections should be carried out for the
1.8.1
a.
1.8.2
a.
i d
Fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems
Perform internal inspection of all control valves.
Foam fire-extinguishing systems
Perform internal inspection of all control valves.
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b. Flush all high expansion foam system piping with fresh water, drain and purge with air.
c. Check all nozzles to prove they are clear of debris.
d. Test all foam proportioners or other foam mixing devices to confirm that the mixing
ratio tolerance is within +30 to -10% of the nominal mixing ratio defined by the system
approval.
a. Flush all ro-ro deck deluge system piping with water, drain and purge with air.
b. Perform internal inspection of all control/section valves.
c. Check condition of any batteries, or renew in accordance with manufacturer's
recommendations.
1.8.4 Breathing apparatus
a. Perform hydrostatic testing of all steel self-contained breathing apparatus cylinders.
Aluminium and composite cylinders should be tested to the satisfaction of the
Administration.
1.8.5 Low-location lighting
a. Test the luminance of all systems in accordance with the procedures in resolution
A.752(18).
a. Visually examine at least one extinguisher of each type manufactured in the same year
and kept on board.
1.9 Ten-year Service

At least once every 10 years, the following inspections should be carried out for the
a. Perform a hydrostatic test and internal examination of 10 per cent of the system's
extinguishing agent and pilot cylinders. If one or more cylinders fail, a total of 50 per
cent of the onboard cylinders should be tested. If further cylinders fail, all cylinders
should be tested.
b. Flexible hoses should be replaced at the intervals recommended by the manufacturer
and not exceeding every 10 years.
c. If permitted by the Administration, visual inspection and NDT (non-destructive testing)
1.9.2
a.
i d
of halon cylinders may be performed in lieu of hydrostatic testing.
Water mist, water spray and sprinkler systems
Perform a hydrostatic test and internal examination for gas and water pressure cylinders
according to flag Administration guidelines or, where these do not exist, EN 1968:2002
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+ A1.
a. Subject all powder containment vessels to hydrostatic or nondestructive testing carried
out by an accredited service agent.
1.9.4 Fixed aerosol extinguishing systems
a. Condensed or dispersed aerosol generators to be renewed in accordance with
manufacturer's recommendations.
a. All extinguishers together with propellant cartridges should be hydrostatically tested by
specially trained persons in accordance with recognized standards or the manufacturer's
instructions.
2 Requirements for Specific Maintenance and Inspection of Portable Fire Extinguishers

2.1 Maintenance and Inspection of Portable Fire Extinguishers
Maintenance and Inspection of Portable Fire Extinguishers should only be undertaken
by, or under the supervision of, a person with demonstrable competence or an
accredited service company, based on the Resolution A 951(23) and manufacture’s
recommendations.
2.2 Refilling for portable fire extinguishers

Periodic refilling of the cylinders should be in accordance with the manufacturer's
recommendations. Only refills approved for the extinguisher may be used for
recharging. Partially emptied extinguishers should be recharged.
3 Requirements for Specific Maintenance and Inspection of Fixed Fire-Extinguishing

Systems
3.1 Please refer to following guidelines:
3.1.1 MSC.1/Circ. 1318 - Guidelines for the maintenance and inspections of fixed carbon
dioxide fire- extinguishing systems
3.1.2 MSC.1/Circ. 1312 - Revised Guidelines for the Performance and Testing Criteria, and
Surveys of Foam Concentrates for Fixed Fire extinguishing Systems
3.1.3 MSC.1/Circ.798 - Guidelines for Performance and Testing Criteria and Surveys of
3.1.4
i d
Medium expansion Concentrates For Fire Extinguishing Systems
MSC.1/Circ.670 - Guidelines for the Performance and Testing Criteria and Surveys of
High expansion Foam Concentrates for Fixed Fire extinguishing Systems
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4 Requirements for Specific Maintenance and Inspection of Halon installations of
fire-extinguishing systems
4.1 Full-scale tests of Halon fire-extinguishing systems on board ships are prohibited since
January 1992 in accordance with Resolution A.719 (17).
4.2 Annual leakage check shall be carried out as per MSC.1/Circ. 600 - Annual Leakage
Check of Halon Fire-Extinguishing Systems. The Chief Engineer can carry out this test
if provided with the proper equipment and training.
4.3 During the annual leakage check, if any cylinder showing signs of leakage, loss of
contents exceeding 5% from the installed quantity, signs of mechanical damage or
excessive corrosion, must be withdrawn from service.
Attachment 2. to
PanCanal Building
PANAMA MARITIME AUTHORITY Albrook, Panama City
Republic of Panama
MERCHANT MARINE CIRCULAR MMC-281 Tel: (507) 501-5355
[email protected]
To: Ship-owners/Operators, Company Security Officers, Legal Representatives

of Panamanian Flagged Vessels, Panamanian Merchant Marine Consulates
and Recognized Organizations (RO’s).
Subject: Guidelines for the Maintenance, Inspection of Fire-Protection System and

Appliances.
Reference:
a. MSC.1/Circ.1432 - Revised Guidelines for the Maintenance and Inspection of
Fire Protection Systems and Appliances (supersedes MSC/Circ. 850).
b. Resolution A. 951(23) - Improved Guidelines for Marine Portable Fire
Extinguishers
c. MSC.1/Circ. 1318 – Guidelines for the maintenance and inspections of fixed
carbon dioxide fire- extinguishing systems
id
d. MSC.1/Circ. 1312, Revised Guidelines for the Performance and Testing
Criteria, and Surveys of Foam Concentrates for Fixed Fire extinguishing
Systems
e. MSC.1/Circ. 1275 - Unified Interpretation of SOLAS CH II-2 on the number
and arrangement of portable fire extinguishers on board ships
f. MSC.1/Circ.849 - Guidelines for the Performance, Location, use and care of
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Emergency Escape Breathing Devices (EEBDs)
g. MSC.1/Circ.798 - Guidelines for Performance and Testing Criteria and
Surveys of Medium expansion Concentrates For Fire Extinguishing Systems
h. MSC.1/Circ.670 - Guidelines for the Performance and Testing Criteria and
Surveys of High expansion Foam Concentrates for Fixed Fire extinguishing
Systems
i. MSC.1/Circ. 600 - Annual Leakage Check of Halon Fire-Extinguishing
Systems
j. Resolution A.752(18) - Guidelines for the Evaluation, Testing and
Application of Low-location Lighting on Passenger Ships
This Merchant Marine Circular supersedes MMC. No. 96 and 226.
Purpose
Provide the minimum recommended level of maintenance and inspections for the protection system
and appliances. It should be noted that the general requirements contained in this Circular are not an
all inclusive list of maintenance or inspection items for fire protection systems, fire fighting
appliances, and emergency equipment.
Revised by: Compliance and Approved by: Compliance and

Prepared by: Translator Enforcement Deputy Chief Enforcement Chief
Control N°: F-RIN-04-01 Version: 05 Date: 21 January, 2013 Page 1 of 11
Application
1. This Circular applies to all ships. This information may be used as a basis for the ship's onboard
maintenance plan required by SOLAS regulation II-2/14.
2. This Circular will also address maintenance and inspection of fixed carbon dioxide systems or
portable fire extinguishers. According to the comprehensive instructions provided in the
Guidelines for the maintenance and inspections of fixed carbon dioxide fire extinguishing
systems (MSC.1/Circ.1318) for fixed carbon dioxide systems, and in the Improved Guidelines for
marine portable fire extinguishers (Resolution A.951 (23) for portable fire extinguishers
3. These guidelines apply to all ships including units under MODU code.
1. General Requirements for the Maintenance and Inspection of Fire-protection Systems and
Appliances.
1.1. Operational readiness
1.1.1. All fire protection system and appliances should be, at all times, in good order
and readily available for immediate use while the ship is in service. If a fire protection
system is undergoing maintenance, testing or repair, then suitable arrangements should be
made to ensure safety is not diminished through the provisions of alternative fixed or
id portable fire protection equipment or other measures. The onboard maintenance plan
should include provisions for this purpose.
1.1.2. Where Recognized Organization issuing the vessel’s Statutory Certificate

determines that the equipment does not comply with the requirements of the
corresponding mandatory regulations, it must request to SEGUMAR Office authorization
for the issuance of the relevant Conditional Statutory Certificate or authorization prior to
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sail at [email protected], as per the Merchant Marine Circular No.156.
1.2. Maintenance and Testing
1.2.1. Onboard maintenance and inspections should be carried out in accordance with
the ship's maintenance plan.
1.2.2. Certain maintenance procedures and inspections may be performed by competent

crew members who have completed an advanced fire-fighting training course, while
others should be performed by persons specially trained in the maintenance of such
systems. The on board maintenance plan should indicate which parts of the recommended
inspections and maintenance are to be completed by trained personnel.
1.2.3. Inspections should be carried out by the crew to ensure that the indicated weekly,
monthly, quarterly, annual, two-year, five-year and ten-year actions are taken for the
specified equipment, if provided. Records of the inspections should be carried on board
the ship, or may be computer based. In cases where the inspections and maintenance are
carried out by trained service technicians other than the ship's crew, inspection reports
should be provided at the completion of the testing.
1.2.4. In addition to the onboard maintenance and inspections stated in these circular,
manufacturer's maintenance and inspection guidelines should be followed.

1.2.5. Where particular arrangements create practical difficulties, alternative testing and
maintenance procedures should be consulted directly to the Administration.
1.3. Weekly Testing and Inspections
1.3.1. Fixed fire detection and alarm systems:

a. Verify all fire detection and fire alarm control panel indicators are functional by
1.3.2. Fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems:

a. Verify all fixed fire-extinguishing system control panel indicators are functional by
operating the lamp/indicator test switch; and
b. Verify all control/section valves are in the correct position.
1.3.3. Fire doors:

a. Verify all fire door control panel indicators, if provided, are functional by operating
the lamp/indicator switch.
1.3.4. Public address and general alarm systems:

a. Verify all public address systems and general alarm systems are functioning
properly.
1.3.5. Breathing apparatus:
id a. Examine all breathing apparatus and EEBD cylinder gauges to confirm they are in
1.3.6.
the correct pressure range.
Low location lighting:

a. Verify low location lighting systems are functional by switching off normal lighting
in selected locations.
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1.3.7. Water mist, water spray and sprinkler systems:
b. Verify all control panel indicators and alarms are functional;
c. visually inspect pump unit and its fittings; and
d. check the pump unit valve positions, if valves are not locked, as applicable.
1.4. Monthly testing and inspections
Monthly inspections should be carried out to ensure that the indicated actions are taken for the
specified equipment:
1.4.1. Fire mains, fire pumps, hydrants, hoses and nozzles:

a. Verify all fire hydrants, hose and nozzles are in place, properly arranged, and are in
serviceable condition;
b. Operate all fire pumps to confirm that they continue to supply adequate pressure;
and
c. Emergency fire pump fuel supply adequate, and heating system in satisfactory
condition, if applicable.

a. Verify containers/cylinders fitted with pressure gauges are in the proper range and
the installation free from leakage.

1.4.3. Foam fire-extinguishing systems:
a. Verify all control and section valves are in the proper open or closed position, and
all pressure gauges are in the proper range.

a. Verify all control, pump unit and section valves are in the proper open or closed
position;
b. verify sprinkler pressure tanks or other means have correct levels of water;
c. test automatic starting arrangements on all system pumps so designed;
d. verify all standby pressure and air/gas pressure gauges are within the proper
pressure ranges; and
e. test a selected sample of system section valves for flow and proper initiation of
alarms.
(Note – The valves selected for testing should be chosen to ensure that all valves are tested within
a oneyear period.)
1.4.5. Firefighter's outfits:

a. Verify lockers providing storage for firefighting equipment contain their full
inventory and equipment is in serviceable condition.
1.4.6. Fixed dry chemical powder systems:

a. Verify all control and section valves are in the proper open or closed position, and
all pressure gauges are in the proper range.
id 1.4.7. Fixed aerosol extinguishing systems:

a. Verify all electrical connections and/or manual operating stations are properly
arranged, and are in proper condition; and
b. verify the actuation system/control panel circuits are within manufacturer's
specifications.
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1.4.8. Portable foam applicators:
a. Verify all portable foam applicators are in place, properly arranged, and are in
proper condition.
1.4.9. Wheeled (mobile) fire extinguishers:

a. Verify all extinguishers are in place, properly arranged, and are in proper condition.
1.4.10. Fixed fire detection and alarm systems:

a. Test a sample of detectors and manual call points so that all devices have been tested
within five years. For very large systems the sample size should be determined by
the Administration.
1.5. Quarterly testing and inspections
Quarterly inspections should be carried out to ensure that the actions are taken for the

a. Verify international shore connection(s) is in serviceable condition.

a. Verify the proper quantity of foam concentrate is provided in the foam system

storage tank.
1.5.3. Ventilation systems and fire dampers:

a. Test all fire dampers for local operation.
1.5.4. Fire doors:

a. Test all fire doors located in main vertical zone bulkheads for local operation.
1.6. Annual testing and inspections.
Annual inspections should be carried out to ensure that the indicated actions are taken for the

a. visually inspect all accessible components for proper condition;
b. flow test all fire pumps for proper pressure and capacity. Test emergency fire pump
with isolation valves closed;
c. test all hydrant valves for proper operation;
d. pressure test a sample of fire hoses at the maximum fire main pressure, so that all
fire hoses are tested within five years;
e. verify all fire pump relief valves, if provided, are properly set;
f. examine all filters/strainers to verify they are free of debris and contamination; and
g. nozzle size/type correct, maintained and working.
id 1.6.2. Fixed fire detection and fire alarm systems:

a. test all fire detection systems and fire detection systems used to automatically
release fire-extinguishing systems for proper operation, as appropriate;
b. visually inspect all accessible detectors for evidence of tampering obstruction, etc.,
so that all detectors are inspected within one year; and
c. test emergency power supply switchover.
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b. externally examine all high pressure cylinders for evidence of damage or corrosion;
c. check the hydrostatic test date of all storage containers;
d. functionally test all fixed system audible and visual alarms;
e. verify all control/section valves are in the correct position;
f. check the connections of all pilot release piping and tubing for tightness;
g. examine all flexible hoses in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations;
h. test all fuel shut-off controls connected to fire-protection systems for proper
operation;
i. the boundaries of the protected space should be visually inspected to confirm that no
modifications have been made to the enclosure that have created uncloseable
openings that would render the system ineffective; and
j. if cylinders are installed inside the protected space, verify the integrity of the double
release lines inside the protected space, and check low pressure or circuit integrity
monitors on release cabinet, as applicable.

b. functionally test all fixed system audible alarms;
c. flow test all water supply and foam pumps for proper pressure and capacity, and
confirm flow at the required pressure in each section (Ensure all piping is

thoroughly flushed with fresh water after service.);
d. test all system cross connections to other sources of water supply for proper
operation;
e. verify all pump relief valves, if provided, are properly set;
f. examine all filters/strainers to verify they are free of debris and contamination;
g. verify all control/section valves are in the correct position;
h. blow dry compressed air or nitrogen through the discharge piping or otherwise
confirm the pipework and nozzles of high expansion foam systems are clear of any
obstructions, debris and contamination. This may require the removal of nozzles, if
applicable;
i. take samples from all foam concentrates carried on board and subject them to the
periodical control tests in MSC.1/Circ.1312, for low expansion foam, or
MSC/Circ.670 for high expansion foam.
(Note: Except for non-alcohol resistant foam, the first test need not be conducted
until 3 years after being supplied to the ship.); and
j. test all fuel shut-off controls connected to fire-protection systems for proper
operation.

a. verify proper operation of all water mist, water-spray and sprinkler systems using
the test valves for each section;
b. visually inspect all accessible components for proper condition;
c. externally examine all high pressure cylinders for evidence of damage or corrosion;
d. check the hydrostatic test date of all high pressure cylinders;
id e. functionally test all fixed system audible and visual alarms;

f. flow test all pumps for proper pressure and capacity;
g. test all antifreeze systems for adequate freeze protection;
h. test all system cross connections to other sources of water supply for proper
operation;
i. verify all pump relief valves, if provided, are properly set;
j. examine all filters/strainers to verify they are free of debris and contamination;
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k. verify all control/section valves are in the correct position;
l. blow dry compressed air or nitrogen through the discharge piping of dry pipe
systems, or otherwise confirm the pipework and nozzles are clear of any
obstructions. This may require the removal of nozzles, if applicable;
m. test emergency power supply switchover, where applicable;
n. visually inspect all sprinklers focusing in areas where sprinklers are subject to
aggressive atmosphere (like saunas, spas, kitchen areas) and subject to physical
damage (like luggage handling areas, gyms, play rooms, etc.) so that all sprinklers
are inspected within one year;
o. check for any changes that may affect the system such as obstructions by ventilation
ducts, pipes, etc.;
p. test a minimum of one section in each open head water mist system by flowing
water through the nozzles. The sections tested should be chosen so that all sections
are tested within a five-year period; and
q. test a minimum of two automatic sprinklers or automatic water mist nozzles for
proper operation.
1.6.6. Ventilation systems and fire dampers:

a. test all fire dampers for remote operation;
b. verify galley exhaust ducts and filters are free of grease buildup;
and
c. test all ventilation controls interconnected with fire-protection systems for proper

operation.
1.6.7. Fire doors:

a. Test all remotely controlled fire doors for proper release.

a. check breathing apparatus air recharging systems, if fitted, for air quality;
b. check all breathing apparatus face masks and air demand valves are in serviceable
condition; and
c. check EEBDs according to maker's instructions.

b. verify the pressure regulators are in proper order and within calibration; and
c. agitate the dry chemical powder charge with nitrogen in accordance with system
(Note: Due to the powder's affinity for moisture, any nitrogen gas introduced for
agitation must be moisture free.)
1.6.10. Fixed aerosol extinguishing systems:

a. Verify condensed or dispersed aerosol generators have not exceeded their
mandatory replacement date. Pneumatic or electric actuators should be
demonstrated working, as far as practicable.
id 1.6.11. Portable foam applicators:

a. verify all portable foam applicators are set to the correct proportioning ratio for the
foam concentrate supplied and the equipment is in proper order;
b. verify all portable containers or portable tanks containing foam concentrate remain
factory sealed, and the manufacturer's recommended service life interval has not
been exceeded;
c. portable containers or portable tanks containing foam concentrate, excluding protein
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based concentrates, less than 10 years old, that remain factory sealed can normally
be accepted without the periodical foam control tests required in MSC.1/Circ.1312
being carried out;
d. protein based foam concentrate portable containers and portable tanks should be
thoroughly checked and, if more than five years old, the foam concentrate should be
subjected to the periodical foam control tests required in MSC.1/Circ.1312, or
renewed; and
e. the foam concentrates of any non-sealed portable containers and portable tanks, and
portable containers and portable tanks where production data is not documented,
should be subjected to the periodical foam control tests required in
MSC.1/Circ.1312.

a. perform periodical inspections in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions;
b. visually inspect all accessible components for proper condition;
c. check the hydrostatic test date of each cylinder; and
d. for dry powder extinguishers, invert extinguisher to ensure powder is agitated.
1.6.13. Galley and deep fat cooking fire-extinguishing systems:

a. Check galley and deep fat cooking fire-extinguishing systems in accordance with the

1.7. Two-year testing and inspections
Two-year inspections should be carried out to ensure that the indicated actions are taken for the specified
equipment.

a. all high pressure extinguishing agents cylinders and pilot cylinders should be
weighed or have their contents verified by other reliable means to confirm that the
available charge in each is above 95 per cent of the nominal charge. Cylinders
containing less than 95 per cent of the nominal charge should be refilled; and
b. blow dry compressed air or nitrogen through the discharge piping or otherwise
confirm the pipe work and nozzles are clear of any obstructions. This may require
the removal of nozzles, if applicable.

a. blow dry nitrogen through the discharge piping to confirm that the pipe work and
nozzles are clear of any obstructions;
b. operationally test local and remote controls and section valves;
c. verify the contents of propellant gas cylinders (including remote operating stations);
d. test a sample of dry chemical powder for moisture content; and
e. subject the powder containment vessel, safety valve and discharge hoses to a full
working pressure test.
id
1.8.
equipment:
Five-year service
At least once every five years, the following inspections should be carried out for the specified

a. Perform internal inspection of all control valves.
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a. perform internal inspection of all control valves;
b. flush all high expansion foam system piping with fresh water, drain and purge with
air;
c. check all nozzles to prove they are clear of debris; and
d. test all foam proportioners or other foam mixing devices to confirm that the mixing
ratio tolerance is within +30 to -10% of the nominal mixing ratio defined by the
system approval.

a. flush all ro-ro deck deluge system piping with water, drain and purge with air;
b. perform internal inspection of all control/section valves; and
c. check condition of any batteries, or renew in accordance with manufacturer's
recommendations.

a. Perform hydrostatic testing of all steel self-contained breathing apparatus cylinders.
Aluminium and composite cylinders should be tested to the satisfaction of the
Administration.

1.8.5. Low-location lighting:
a. Test the luminance of all systems in accordance with the procedures in resolution
A.752(18).

a. Visually examine at least one extinguisher of each type manufactured in the same
year and kept on board.
1.9. Ten-year Service
At least once every 10 years, the following inspections should be carried out for the specified
equipment:

a. perform a hydrostatic test and internal examination of 10 per cent of the system's
extinguishing agent and pilot cylinders. If one or more cylinders fail, a total of 50
per cent of the onboard cylinders should be tested. If further cylinders fail, all
cylinders should be tested;
b. flexible hoses should be replaced at the intervals recommended by the
manufacturer and not exceeding every 10 years; and
c. if permitted by the Administration, visual inspection and NDT (non-destructive
testing) of halon cylinders may be performed in lieu of hydrostatic testing.
id 1.9.2.
1.9.3.
Water mist, water spray and sprinkler systems:
a. Perform a hydrostatic test and internal examination for gas and water pressure
cylinders according to flag Administration guidelines or, where these do not exist,
EN 1968:2002 + A1.
Fixed dry chemical powder systems:

a. Subject all powder containment vessels to hydrostatic or nondestructive testing
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carried out by an accredited service agent.
1.9.4. Fixed aerosol extinguishing systems:

a. Condensed or dispersed aerosol generators to be renewed in accordance with
manufacturer's recommendations.

a. All extinguishers together with propellant cartridges should be hydrostatically
tested by specially trained persons in accordance with recognized standards or the
2. Requirements for Specific Maintenance and Inspection of Portable Fire Extinguishers:
2.1. Please refer to Resolution A. 951(23) - Improved Guidelines for Marine Portable Fire
Extinguishers
2.2. Spare Charges, Additional Fire Extinguishers and Refilling of Extinguishers
2.2.1. Spare charges shall be provided for 100% of the first 10 extinguishers and 50% of
the remaining fire extinguishers capable of being recharged on board. Not more than 60
total spare charges are required. Instructions for recharging shall be carried on board.

2.2.2. For fire extinguishers which cannot be recharged onboard, additional portable fire
extinguishers of the same quantity, type, capacity shall be carried in lieu of spare charge.
2.2.3. Periodic refilling of the cylinders should be in accordance with the

manufacturer’s recommendations. Only refills approved for the extinguisher may be
used for recharging. Partially emptied extinguishers should be recharged.
2.2.4. Ships constructed on or after 1 January 2009* should use the table showed in the
MSC.1/Circ. 1275 (Unified Interpretation of SOLAS CH II-2 on the number and
arrangement of portable fire extinguishers on board ships), as reference for the
number and arrangement of portable fire extinguishers in accommodation spaces, service
spaces, control stations machinery spaces of category A, other machinery spaces, cargo
spaces, weather deck and other spaces on board ship. For ships constructed before 1
January 2009, ship-owners are encouraged to implement this unified interpretation.
2.2.5. A portable fire extinguisher required for a small space may be located outside and
near the entrance to that space.
2.2.6. If the wheelhouse is adjacent with the chartroom and has a door giving direct
access to chartroom, no additional fire extinguisher is required in the chart room. The
same applies to safety centers if they are within the boundaries of the wheelhouse in
passenger ships.
id 2.2.7. Two portable fire extinguishers, each having a capacity of not less than 6kg of
dry powder or equivalent, should be provided when dangerous goods are carried on the
weather deck, in open ro-ro spaces and vehicle spaces, and in cargo space as appropriate.
Two portable fire extinguishers, each having a suitable capacity, should be provided on
weather deck for tankers.
2.2.8. No portable fire extinguisher needs to be provided in cargo holds of

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containerships if motor vehicles with fuel in their tank for their own propulsion are
carried in open or closed containers.
3. Requirements for Specific Maintenance and Inspection of Fixed Fire-Extinguishing

Systems:
3.1. Please refer to :
3.1.1. MSC.1/Circ. 1318 - Guidelines for the maintenance and inspections of fixed
carbon dioxide fire- extinguishing systems
3.1.2. MSC.1/Circ. 1312 - Revised Guidelines for the Performance and Testing Criteria,
and Surveys of Foam Concentrates for Fixed Fire extinguishing Systems
3.1.3. MSC.1/Circ.798 - Guidelines for Performance and Testing Criteria and Surveys
of Medium expansion Concentrates For Fire Extinguishing Systems
3.1.4. MSC.1/Circ.670 - Guidelines for the Performance and Testing Criteria and
Surveys of High expansion Foam Concentrates for Fixed Fire extinguishing Systems
*
Note: For the applicability of items prescribed under the MSC.1/Circ. 1275 and then the use of the table specify in
such MSC.1/Circ. 1275, this Administration considering the large amount of vessel register in Panama Flag decide
to make in force the applicability for vessels contracted for construction on or after 15 April 2009.

4. Additional Requirements for Halon Systems:
4.1. Halon installations of fire-extinguishing systems on board ships, which keel was laid or at a
similar stage of construction on or after October 1994 are prohibited. Moreover, full-scale
tests of Halon fire-extinguishing systems on board ships are prohibited since January 1992 in
accordance with Resolution A.719 (17). However, an annual leakage check shall be carried
out as per MSC.1/Circ. 600 - Annual Leakage Check of Halon Fire-Extinguishing
Systems. The Chief Engineer can carry out this test if provided with the proper equipment
and training;
4.2. During the annual leakage check, if any cylinder showing signs of leakage, loss of contents
exceeding 5% from the installed quantity, signs of mechanical damage or excessive
corrosion, must be withdrawn from service.
5. Fire Protection - Paint Lockers
5.1. Paint lockers shall be protected by:
5.1.1. a carbon dioxide system, designed to give a minimum volume of free gas equal to
40% of the gross volume of the protected space; or
5.1.2. a dry powder system, designed for at least 0.5 kg powder/m3; or
5.1.3. a water spraying or sprinkler system, designed for 5 l/m2 min. Water spraying
systems may be connected to the fire main of the ship; or
id 5.1.4. The fitting of a portable fire extinguisher immediately outside the entrance to the
paint locker. The number of portable extinguishers is to be adequate to the size of the
paint locker as determined by the Recognized Organization.
Note: In any case, the system shall be operable from outside the protected space
6. SOLAS - Emergency Fire Pump

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This Administration accepts gasoline engine driven portable emergency fire pumps on board
cargo ships less than 2000 GRT. Proper precautions must be observed in the storage and handling
of gasoline with this equipment.
August, 2013
Inquiries concerning the subject of this Circular or any request should be directed to:
SEGUMAR-Panama
Directorate General of Merchant Marine
Panama Maritime Authority
Phone: (507) 501-5348 / 5350
Fax: (507) 501-5363 / 5364
E-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]

Attachment 3. to
INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION
4 ALBERT EMBANKMENT
LONDON SE1 7SR E
Telephone: 020 7735 7611
Fax: 020 7587 3210
IMO
Ref: T4/4.01 MSC.1/Circ.1318

11 June 2009
GUIDELINES FOR THE MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTIONS OF

FIXED CARBON DIOXIDE FIRE-EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS
1 The Committee, at its eighty-sixth session (27 May to 5 June 2009), having considered
the proposal by the Sub-Committee on Fire Protection, at its fifty-third session, approved
Guidelines for the maintenance and inspections of fixed carbon dioxide fire-extinguishing
systems, as set out in the annex.
2 Member Governments are invited to apply the annexed Guidelines when inspecting fixed
carbon dioxide fire-extinguishing systems on board all ships and bring them to the attention of
ship designers, shipowners, equipment manufacturers, and other parties concerned.
id ***
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I:\CIRC\MSC\01\1318.doc
MSC.1/Circ.1318
ANNEX
GUIDELINES FOR THE MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTIONS

OF FIXED CARBON DIOXIDE FIRE-EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS
1 General
These Guidelines provide the minimum recommended level of maintenance and inspections for
fixed carbon dioxide fire-extinguishing systems on all ships, and are intended to demonstrate that
the system is kept in good working order as specified in SOLAS regulation II-2/14.2.1.2. These
Guidelines are intended to supplement the fire-extinguishing system manufacturer’s approved
maintenance instructions. Certain maintenance procedures and inspections may be performed by
competent crewmembers, while others should be performed by persons specially trained in the
maintenance of such systems. The onboard maintenance plan should indicate which parts of the
recommended inspections and maintenance should be completed by trained personnel.
2 Safety
Whenever carbon dioxide fire-extinguishing systems are subjected to inspection or maintenance,

strict safety precautions should be followed to prevent the possibility that individuals performing
id
or witnessing the activities are placed at risk. Prior to performing any work, a safety plan should
be developed to account for all personnel and establish an effective communications system
between the inspection personnel and the on-duty crew. Measures to avoid accidental discharges
such as locking or removing the operating arms from directional valves, or shutting and locking
the system block valve should be taken as the initial procedure for the protection of personnel
performing any maintenance or inspections. All personnel should be notified of the impending
activities before work is begun.
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3 Maintenance and inspection plan
Fixed carbon dioxide fire-extinguishing systems should be kept in good working order and
readily available for immediate use. Maintenance and inspections should be carried out in
accordance with the ship’s maintenance plan having due regard to ensuring the reliability of the
system. The onboard maintenance plan should be included in the ship’s safety management
system and should be based on the system manufacturer’s recommendations including:
.1 maintenance and inspection procedures and instructions;
.2 required schedules for periodic maintenance and inspections;
.3 listing of recommended spare parts; and
.4 records of inspections and maintenance, including corrective actions taken to

maintain the system in operable condition.
MSC.1/Circ.1318
ANNEX
Page 2
4 Monthly inspections
4.1 At least every 30 days a general visual inspection should be made of the overall system
condition for obvious signs of damage, and should include verification that:
.1 all stop valves are in the closed position;
.2 all releasing controls are in the proper position and readily accessible for
immediate use;
.3 all discharge piping and pneumatic tubing is intact and has not been damaged;
.4 all high pressure cylinders are in place and properly secured; and
.5 the alarm devices are in place and do not appear damaged.
4.2 In addition, on low pressure systems the inspections should verify that:
.1 the pressure gauge is reading in the normal range;
.2
.3
.4
id
the liquid level indicator is reading within the proper level;
the manually operated storage tank main service valve is secured in the open
position; and
the vapour supply line valve is secured in the open position.

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5 Annual inspections
The following minimum level of maintenance and inspections should be carried out in
accordance with the system manufacturer’s instructions and safety precautions:
.1 the boundaries of the protected space should be visually inspected to confirm that
no modifications have been made to the enclosure that have created uncloseable
openings that would render the system ineffective;
.2 all storage containers should be visually inspected for any signs of damage, rust or
loose mounting hardware. Cylinders that are leaking, corroded, dented or bulging
should be hydrostatically retested or replaced;
.3 system piping should be visually inspected to check for damage, loose supports
and corrosion. Nozzles should be inspected to ensure they have not been
obstructed by the storage of spare parts or a new installation of structure or
machinery;
.4 the manifold should be inspected to verify that all flexible discharge hoses and
fittings are properly tightened; and
MSC.1/Circ.1318
ANNEX
Page 3
.5 all entrance doors to the protected space should close properly and should have
warning signs, which indicate that the space is protected by a fixed carbon dioxide
system and that personnel should evacuate immediately if the alarms sound. All
remote releasing controls should be checked for clear operating instructions and
indication as to the space served.
6 Minimum recommended maintenance
6.1 At least biennially (intervals of 2 years ± 3 months) in passenger ships or at each

intermediate, periodical or renewal survey* in cargo ships, the following maintenance should be
carried out (to assist in carrying out the recommended maintenance, examples of service charts
are set out in the appendix):
.1 all high pressure cylinders and pilot cylinders should be weighed or have their
contents verified by other reliable means to confirm that the available charge in
each is above 90% of the nominal charge. Cylinders containing less than 90% of
the nominal charge should be refilled. The liquid level of low pressure storage
tanks should be checked to verify that the required amount of carbon dioxide to
protect the largest hazard is available;
.2 the hydrostatic test date of all storage containers should be checked. High
id
pressure cylinders should be subjected to periodical tests at intervals not
exceeding 10 years. At the 10-year inspection, at least 10% of the total number
provided should be subjected to an internal inspection and hydrostatic test**.
If one or more cylinders fail, a total of 50% of the onboard cylinders should be
tested. If further cylinders fail, all cylinders should be tested. Flexible hoses
should be replaced at the intervals recommended by the manufacturer and not
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exceeding every 10 years; and
.3 the discharge piping and nozzles should be tested to verify that they are not
blocked. The test should be performed by isolating the discharge piping from the
system and flowing dry air or nitrogen from test cylinders or suitable means
through the piping.
6.2 At least biennially (intervals of 2 years ± 3 months) in passenger ships or at each renewal
survey* in cargo ships, the following maintenance should be carried out by service
technicians/specialists trained to standards accepted by the Administration:
.1 where possible, all activating heads should be removed from the cylinder valves
and tested for correct functioning by applying full working pressure through the
pilot lines.
In cases where this is not possible, pilot lines should be disconnected from the
cylinder valves and blanked off or connected together and tested with full working
pressure from the release station and checked for leakage.
In both cases this should be carried out from one or more release stations when
installed.
*
Refer to Survey guidelines under the Harmonized System of Survey and Certification, 2007 (resolution A.997(25)).
**
Refer to standard ISO 6406 – Periodic inspection and testing of seamless steel gas cylinders.
MSC.1/Circ.1318
ANNEX
Page 4
If manual pull cables operate the remote release controls, they should be checked
to verify the cables and corner pulleys are in good condition and freely move and
do not require an excessive amount of travel to activate the system;
.2 all cable components should be cleaned and adjusted as necessary, and the cable
connectors should be properly tightened. If the remote release controls are
operated by pneumatic pressure, the tubing should be checked for leakage, and the
proper charge of the remote releasing station pilot gas cylinders should be
verified. All controls and warning devices should function normally, and the time
delay, if fitted should prevent the discharge of gas for the required time period;
and
.3 after completion of the work, the system should be returned to service. All
releasing controls should be verified in the proper position and connected to the
correct control valves. All pressure switch interlocks should be reset and returned
to service. All stop valves should be in the closed position.
id
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MSC.1/Circ.1318
ANNEX
Page 5
APPENDIX
EXAMPLE SERVICE CHARTS
HIGH PRESSURE CO2 SYSTEM

Date: Name of ship/unit: IMO No.:
Technical description
No. Text Value

1 Manufacturer
2 Number of main cylinders
3 Main cylinders capacity (each)
4 Number of pilot cylinders
5 Pilot cylinder capacity (each)
6 Number of distribution lines
7 Oldest cylinder pressure test date
8 Protected space(s)
9 Date flexible hoses fitted/renewed
Description of inspection/Tests
No.
2
3
4
1
id
Description
Release controls and distribution valves secured to prevent

accidental discharge
Contents in main cylinders checked by weighing
Contents in main cylinders checked by liquid level indicator
Contents of pilot cylinders checked
Carried
out
Not carried
out
Not
applicable
Comment
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5 All cylinder valves visually inspected
6 All cylinder clamps and connections checked for tightness
7 Manifold visually inspected
8 Manifold tested for leakage, by applying dry working air
9 Main valve and distribution valves visually inspected
10 Main valve and distribution valves tested for operation
11 Time delay devices tested for correct setting*
12 Remote release system visually inspected
13 Remote release system tested
14 Servo tubing/pilot lines pressure tested at maximum working
pressure and checked for leakages and blockage
15 Manual pull cables, pulleys, gang releases tested, serviced and
tightened/adjusted as necessary
16 Release stations visually inspected
17 Warning alarms (audible/visual) tested
18 Fan stop tested*
19 10% of cylinders and pilot cylinder/s pressure tested every 10 years
20 Distribution lines and nozzles blown through, by applying dry
working air
21 All doors, hinges and locks inspected*
22 All instruction and warning signs on installation inspected
23 All flexible hoses renewed and check valves in manifold
visually inspected every 10 years
24 Release controls and distribution valves reconnected and system
put back in service
25 Inspection date tags attached
*
If fitted as part of the CO2 system.
MSC.1/Circ.1318
ANNEX
Page 6
LOW PRESSURE CO2 SYSTEM
Date: Name of ship/unit: IMO No.:
Technical description
No. Text Value

1 Manufacturer
2 No. of tanks
3 Tanks capacity (tonnes)
4 Number of pilot cylinders
5 Pilot cylinder capacity (each)
6 Number of distribution lines
7 Protected space(s)
Description of inspection/Tests
No. Description Carried Not carried Not Comment

out out applicable
1 Tank main service valve closed and secured to prevent
accidental discharge
2 Distribution valves verified closed
3 Check correct function of level indicator
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Supports of tank inspected
Insulation on tank inspected
Safety valves of tank inspected
Safety valves of tank tested
id
Contents of CO2 tank checked by tank level indicator
Contents of CO2 tank checked by riser tube reading
Contents of CO2 tank checked by level control valve
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11 Contents of pilot cylinders checked
12 Start/stop function of cooling compressors tested
13 All connected electrical alarms and indicators tested
14 Main manifold valve inspected
15 Main manifold valve tested
16 Distribution valves inspected
17 Distribution valves tested
18 Release stations inspected
19 Total flooding release mechanism inspected
20 Total flooding release mechanism tested
21 Time delay devices tested for correct setting*
22 Warning alarms tested
23 Fan stop tested*
24 Distribution lines and nozzles inspected
25 Distribution lines and nozzles tested
26 Distribution lines and nozzles blown through
27 All doors, hinges and locks inspected*
28 All instruction plates inspected
29 Tank main service valve reopened and secured open
30 System put back in service
31 Inspection date tags attached
*
If fitted as part of the CO2 system.
___________
Attachment 4. to
E
IMO
ASSEMBLY A 23/Res.951
23rd session 25 February 2004
Agenda item 17 Original: ENGLISH
Resolution A.951(23)
Adopted on 5 December 2003

(Agenda item 17)
IMPROVED GUIDELINES FOR MARINE PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
THE ASSEMBLY,
RECALLING Article 15(j) of the Convention on the International Maritime Organization

concerning the functions of the Assembly in relation to regulations and guidelines concerning
maritime safety, id
RECALLING ALSO that, by resolution A.602(15), it adopted the Revised Guidelines for
Marine Portable Fire Extinguishers, to supplement the relevant requirements of chapter II-2 of
the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974, as amended, as well as
chapter V of the Torremolinos International Convention for the Safety of Fishing Vessels, 1977,
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RECOGNIZING the need to further improve the said Revised Guidelines following the
adoption of amendments to chapter II-2 of the 1974 SOLAS Convention and of the 1993
Torremolinos Protocol to the 1977 Torremolinos Convention referred to above, and in the light
of the experience gained from the application of the Revised Guidelines,
HAVING CONSIDERED the recommendation made by the Maritime Safety Committee

at its seventy-fifth session,
1. ADOPTS the Improved Guidelines for Marine Portable Fire Extinguishers, the text of
which is set out in the Annex to the present resolution;
2. RECOMMENDS Governments concerned to apply the annexed Improved Guidelines in

conjunction with the appropriate requirements of the international instruments referred to above;
3. AUTHORIZES the Maritime Safety Committee to keep the Improved Guidelines under
review and amend or extend them as necessary;
4. REVOKES resolution A.602(15).
For reasons of economy, this document is printed in a limited number. Delegates are
kindly asked to bring their copies to meetings and not to request additional copies.
I:\ASSEMBLY\23\RES\951.DOC
A 23/Res.951 -2-
ANNEX
IMPROVED GUIDELINES FOR MARINE PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
1 Scope
These Guidelines have been developed to supplement the relevant requirements for marine
portable fire extinguishers* of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea 74, as
amended, the International Code for Fire Safety Systems (FSS Code) and the 1993 Torremolinos
Protocol relating to the Torremolinos International Convention for the Safety of Fishing Vessels,
1977. The Guidelines are offered to Administrations to assist them in determining appropriate
design and construction parameters. The status of the Guidelines is advisory. Their content is
based on current practices and does not exclude the use of designs and materials other than those
indicated below.
2 Definitions
2.1 An extinguisher is an appliance containing an extinguishing medium, which can be

expelled by the action of internal pressure and be directed into a fire. This pressure may be
stored pressure or be obtained by release of gas from a cartridge.
2.2 A portable extinguisher is one, which is designed to be carried and operated by hand, and
2.3
to cause extinction of fire.
2.4
id
which in working order has a total weight of not more that 23 kg.
Extinguishing medium is the substance contained in the extinguisher which is discharged
Charge of an extinguisher is the mass or volume of the extinguishing medium contained

in the extinguisher. The quantity of the charge of water or foam extinguishers is normally
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expressed in volume (litres) and that of other types of extinguishers in mass (kilograms).
3 Classification
3.1 Extinguishers are classified according to the type of extinguishing medium they contain.
At present the types of extinguishers and the uses for which they are recommended are as
follows:
Extinguishing medium Recommended for use on fires involving

Water wood, paper, textiles and similar materials
Water with additives
Foam wood, paper, textiles and flammable liquids
Dry powder/dry chemical (standard/ flammable liquids, electrical equipment and flammable
classes B, C ) gases
Dry powder/dry chemical (multiple or wood, paper, textiles, flammable liquids, electrical
general purpose/classes A, B, C) equipment and flammable gases
Dry powder/dry chemical (metal) combustible metals
Carbon dioxide flammable liquids and electrical equipment
Wet chemical for class F or K cooking grease, fats or oil fires
Clean agents**
*
Wherever in the text of these Guidelines the word “portable extinguisher” appears it should be taken as meaning
“marine portable fire extinguisher”.
**
Refer to the recommendations by the International Organization for Standardization, in particular Publication
ISO 7165:1999, Fire-fighting – Portable fire extinguishers – Performance and construction.
-3- A 23/Res.951
3.2 A table is provided in the appendix which describes the general characteristics of each
type of extinguisher.
4 Construction
4.1 The construction of an extinguisher should be designed and manufactured for simple and
rapid operation, and ease of handling.
4.2 Extinguishers should be manufactured to a recognized national or international standard*,

which includes a requirement that the body, and all other parts subject to internal pressure, be
tested:
.1 to a pressure of 5.5 MPa or 2.7 times the normal working pressure, whichever is
the higher, for extinguishers with a service pressure not exceeding 2.5 MPa; or
.2 in accordance with the recognized standard for extinguishers with a service

pressure exceeding 2.5 MPa.
4.3 In the design of components, selection of materials and determination of maximum filling
ratios and densities, consideration should be given to the temperature extremes to which
extinguishers may be exposed on board ships and operating temperature ranges specified in the
recognized standards. id
4.3 The materials of construction of exposed parts and adjoining dissimilar metals should be
carefully selected to function properly in the marine environment.
5 Fire classifications
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5.1 Fire classifications are generally indicated as A, B, C, D and F (or K). There are
currently two standards, defining classes of fires according to the nature of the material
undergoing combustion, as follows:
International Organization for Standardization National Fire Protection Association

(ISO standard 3941)* (NFPA 10)
Class A: Fires involving solid materials, usually of Class A: Fires in ordinary combustible materials such
an organic nature, in which combustion as wood, cloth, paper, rubber and many
normally takes place with the formation of plastics.
glowing embers.
Class B: Fires involving liquids or liquefiable Class B: Fires in flammable liquids, oils, greases, tars,
solids. oil base paints, lacquers and flammable gases.
Class C: Fires involving gases. Class C: Fires, which involve energized electrical
equipment where the electrical
non-conductivity of the extinguishing medium
is of importance. (When electrical equipment
is de-energized, extinguishers for class A or B
fires may be used safely.)
Class D: Fires involving metals. Class D: Fires in combustible metals such as
magnesium, titanium, zirconium, sodium,
lithium and potassium.
Class F: Fires involving cooking oils. Class K: Fires involving cooking grease, fats and oils.
*Comite Europeen de Normalisation (CEN standard EN2) closely follows ISO standard 3941.
*
A 23/Res.951 -4-
6 Test specifications
6.1 Construction, performance and fire-extinguishing test specifications should be to the

satisfaction of the Administration, having due regard to an established international standard*.
7 Criteria for assessing compliance with chapter 4 of the FSS Code and
regulations V/20 and V/38 of the 1993 Torremolinos Protocol relating to the 1977
Torremolinos Convention
7.1 Chapter 4 of the FSS Code requires that extinguishers have a fire-extinguishing capability
at least equivalent to that of a 9 L fluid extinguisher having a rating of 2A on class A fire which
may be water or foam as required by the Administration. This equivalence may be demonstrated
by fire test ratings determined according to an international, national or other recognized
standard*.
7.2 The size and type of extinguishers should be dependent upon the potential fire hazards in
the protected spaces while avoiding a multiplicity of types. Care should also be taken to ensure
that the quantity of extinguishing medium released in small spaces does not endanger personnel.
8 Marking of extinguishers
8.1
.2
.3
id
Each extinguisher should be clearly marked with the following minimum information:
.1 name of the manufacturer;
types of fire and rating for which the extinguisher is suitable;
type and quantity of extinguishing medium;

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.4 approval details;
.5 instructions for use and recharge (it is recommended that operating instructions be
given in pictorial form, in addition to explanatory text in language understood by
the likely user);
.6 year of manufacture;
.7 temperature range over which the extinguisher will operate satisfactorily; and
.8 test pressure.
9 Periodical inspections and maintenance
9.1 Extinguishers should be subject to periodical inspections in accordance with the

manufacturer's instructions and serviced at intervals not exceeding one year.
*
-5- A 23/Res.951
9.1.1 At least one extinguisher of each type manufactured in the same year and kept on board a
ship should be test discharged at five yearly intervals (as part of a fire drill).
9.1.2 All extinguishers together with propellant cartridges should be hydraulically tested in
accordance with the recognized standard or the manufacturer’s instruction at intervals not
exceeding ten years.
9.1.3 Service and inspection should only be undertaken by, or under the supervision of, a
person with demonstrable competence, based on the inspection guide in table 9.1.3.
9.2 Records of inspections should be maintained. The records should show the date of
inspection, the type of maintenance carried out and whether or not a pressure test was performed.
9.3 Extinguishers should be provided with a visual indication of discharge.
9.4 Instructions for recharging extinguishers should be supplied by the manufacturer and be
available for use on board.
id
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A 23/Res.951 -6-
ANNUAL INSPECTION
Safety clip and indicating devices Check to see if the extinguisher may have been operated.
Pressure indicating device Where fitted, check to see that the pressure is within limits.
Check that dust covers on pressure indicating devices and
relief valves are in place.
External examination Inspect for corrosion, dents or damage which may affect the
safe operation of the extinguisher.
Weight Weigh the extinguisher and check the mass compared to the
fully charged extinguisher.
Hose and nozzle Check that hoses and nozzles are clear and undamaged.
Operating instructions Check that they are in place and legible.
INSPECTION AT RECHARGE
Water and foam charges Remove the charge to a clean container if to be reused and
check if it is still suitable for further use. Check any charge
container.
Powder charges Examine the powder for reuse. Ensure that it is free flowing
and that there is no evidence of caking lumps or foreign
bodies.
Gas cartridge Examine for damage and corrosion.
INSPECTION AT FIVE AND TEN YEAR INTERVALS
INSPECTION AFTER DISCHARGE TEST
Air passages and operating mechanism Prove clear passage by blowing through vent holes and vent
devices in the cap. Check hose, nozzle strainer, discharge
Operating mechanism
Gas cartridge
id
O-rings washers and hose diaphragms
tube and breather valve, as applicable. Check the operating
and discharge control. Clean and lubricate as required.
Check that the safety pin is removable and that the lever is
undamaged.
Examine for damage and corrosion. Weigh the cartridge to
ascertain that it is within prescribed limits.
Check O-rings and replace hose diaphragms if fitted.
Vo
Water and foam bodies Inspect the interior. Check for corrosion and lining
deterioration. Check separate containers for leakage or
damage.
Powder body Examine the body and check internally for corrosion and
lining deterioration.
INSPECTION AFTER RECHARGE
Water and foam Replace the charge in accordance with the manufacturers
instructions.
Reassemble Reassemble the extinguisher in accordance with the
manufacturers instructions.
Maintenance label Fill in entry on maintenance label, including full weight.
Mounting of extinguishers Check the mounting bracket or stand.
Report Complete a report on the state of maintenance of the
extinguisher.
Table 9.1.3 – Inspection guide
-7- A 23/Res.951
APPENDIX
TYPES OF EXTINGUISHER
Extinguishing Water Foam Powder Carbon dioxide Clean agents

medium used:
Water, with possible salts in Water solution Dry chemical Pressurized
solution containing foam Powders carbon dioxide
generating
substances
Expellant charge of Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide or Carbon dioxide or
the extinguisher or other other pressurized other inert gases
id
(stored pressure or pressurized inert inert gases or or dry air (stored
cartridge as gases or compressed air pressure or
indicated): compressed air (stored pressure separate
(stored pressure or separate cartridge)
or separate cartridge)
cartridge)
The discharge of the

extinguisher is
achieved by:
Vo Opening of the
valve. Action of
pressurized gas
(opening of the
cartridge)
Opening of the
valve. Action of
pressurized gas
(opening of the
cartridge)
Opening of the
valve. Action of
pressurized gas
(opening of the
cartridge)
Opening of the
valve of the
container
constituting the
extinguisher
A 23/Res.951 -8-
Water Foam Powder Carbon dioxide Clean agents
The discharged
extinguishing
Dry chemical
medium Foam
Water with possible salts in powders and
consists of: containing the Carbon dioxide
solution carbon dioxide
gas used
or other gas
id
Formation of a
Inhibition of the
local inert
combustion
atmosphere
process by the
(carbon dioxide)
The discharged interrupting the
Cooling of the burning materials. Water evaporation Formation of a foam layer which which isolates
extinguishing chemical
and consequent formation of a local atmosphere isolates the burning products from the burning
medium causes reaction. Some
(water/steam) which isolates the burning products from the surrounding air and cooling in material from
the extinction
of the fire by:
The electrical
resistance of
the discharged
extinguishing
Very low
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the surrounding air
Very low
the case of class A fires
Varied
separation of
burning
materials from
the surrounding
air
Very high.
Under intense
heat some
powders may be
the surrounding
air. Smothering
and cooling
action of carbon
dioxide
Very high
medium is: electrically

conductive
-9- A 23/Res.951
Carbon
Water Foam Powder Clean agents
Operating dioxide
peculiarities
and The jet or spray of the extinguisher should be directed towards the base of the fire Powder mixture Gas subject to
limitations: subject to windage; they
windage; they therefore have
may therefore limited
The extinction of the fire achieved have reduced effectiveness
only when all the burning surface effectiveness in in the open or
id
is covered by foam the open or in in ventilated
ventilated spaces
spaces
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A 23/Res.951 - 10 -
Carbon
Water Foam Powder Clean agents
dioxide
Generated Carbon
Not to be used where there is electrical hazard
Disadvantages powder dioxide may
and dangers: mixtures may be
be suffocating suffocating
and can impair
vision. Powder
can damage
electrical
id
contact.
Maintenance: Extinguishers with copper or copper alloy body should not be polished with products of Some types of
corrosive or abrasive nature which may cause wall thickness reduction. Such extinguishers powder may be
should be avoided but where used they should preferably be painted externally. altered by
humidity,
therefore, avoid
Vo
The charge can freeze at temperatures of about 00C
(unless the charge is made non-freezable chemically)
Avoid installing the

extinguisher in
excessively warm
locations, where the
internal pressure of the
carbon dioxide in the
The charge can freeze at about 50C.
The charge can be altered by
elevated temperatures (about 400C
or more). Therefore, the extinguisher
should not be installed in positions
where it may be exposed to high or
low temperatures.
the refilling of
the extinguisher
in humid
locations.
When a carbon dioxide
container is provided, avoid the
installation of the extinguisher
in excessively warm locations,
where the internal pressure of
the carbon dioxide in the
cartridge might rise to container might rise to very high
a very high value values.
__________
Attachment 5. to
4 ALBERT EMBANKMENT
LONDON SE1 7SR E
Telephone: 020 7735 7611
Fax: 020 7587 3210
IMO
Ref. T4/4.01 MSC.1/Circ.1312

10 June 2009
REVISED GUIDELINES FOR THE PERFORMANCE AND TESTING CRITERIA,

AND SURVEYS OF FOAM CONCENTRATES FOR
FIXED FIRE-EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS
1 The Maritime Safety Committee, at its sixtieth session (6 to 10 April 1992), approved
Guidelines for the performance and testing criteria, and surveys of low-expansion foam
concentrates for fixed fire-extinguishing systems (MSC/Circ.582).
2 The Committee, at its sixty-eighth session (28 May to 6 June 1997), approved Guidelines
for the performance and testing criteria, and surveys of expansion foam concentrates for fixed
fire-extinguishing systems of chemical tankers (MSC/Circ.799).
3 id
The Sub-Committee on Fire Protection, at its fifty-third session (16 to 20 February 2009)
reviewed the aforementioned Guidelines and made amendments to the test methods for both
types of foam concentrates which combined the test procedure into one document.
4 The Committee, at its eighty-sixth session (27 May to 5 June 2009), after having
considered the above proposal by the Sub-Committee on Fire Protection, at its fifty-third session,
Vo
approved the Revised Guidelines for the performance and testing criteria, and surveys of foam
concentrates for fixed fire-extinguishing systems, as set out in the annex.
5 Member Governments are invited to apply the annexed Guidelines when approving foam
concentrates for fixed fire-extinguishing systems onboard tankers and chemical tankers and bring
them to the attention of ship designers, shipowners, equipment manufacturers, test laboratories
and other parties concerned.
6 This circular supersedes MSC/Circ.582 and Corr.1, and MSC/Circ.799. Type approvals
conducted in accordance with the aforementioned Guidelines should remain valid until 1 July 2012.
***
MSC.1/Circ.1312
ANNEX
REVISED GUIDELINES FOR THE PERFORMANCE AND TESTING CRITERIA,

AND SURVEYS OF FOAM CONCENTRATES FOR
FIXED FIRE-EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS
1 GENERAL
1.1 Application
These Guidelines apply to the foam concentrates used for fixed deck foam fire-extinguishing
systems required for tankers by SOLAS regulations II-2/10.8 and chapter 14 of the International
Code for Fire Safety Systems (FSS Code), and chemical tankers as specified by SOLAS
regulation II-2/1.6.2.1.2 and the International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships
Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk (IBC Code). These Guidelines also apply to foam
concentrates for fixed foam fire-extinguishing systems in machinery spaces according to chapter 6
of the FSS Code and to portable foam applicators according to chapter 4 of the FSS Code. These
Guidelines do not apply to the foam generating equipment, only the foam concentrate.
1.2 Definitions
of suitable foam concentrate.
1.2.2
id
For the purpose of these Guidelines, the following definitions apply:
1.2.1 Foam (fire fighting) is an aggregate of air filled bubbles formed from an aqueous solution
Foam solution is a solution of foam concentrate and water.

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1.2.3 Foam concentrate is a liquid which, when mixed with water in the appropriate
concentration, gives a foam solution.
1.2.4 Expansion ratio is the ratio of the volume of foam to the volume of foam solution from
which it was made.
1.2.5 Spreading coefficient is a measurement of the ability of one liquid to spontaneously

spread across another.
1.2.6 25% (50%) drainage time is the time for 25% (50%) of the liquid content of a foam to
drain out.
1.2.7 Gentle application is the application of foam to the surface of a liquid fuel via a
backboard, tank wall or surface.
1.2.8 Sediment is insoluble particles in the foam concentrate.
1.2.9 Aqueous film-forming foam concentrate (AFF) is a foam concentrate based on a mixture
of hydrocarbon and fluorinated surface active agents.
1.2.10 Alcohol–resistant foam concentrate (AR) is a foam concentrate that is resistant to

breakdown when applied to the surface of alcohol or other polar solvents.
MSC.1/Circ.1312
ANNEX
Page 2
1.2.11 Film-forming fluoroprotein foam concentrate (FFFP) is a foam concentrate which has the
ability to form an aqueous film on the surface of some hydrocarbons.
1.2.12 Fluoroprotein foam concentrate (FP) is a protein foam concentrate with added
fluorinated surface active agents.
1.2.13 Protein foam concentrate (P) is a foam concentrate made from hydrolyzed protein materials.
1.2.14 Synthetic foam concentrate (S) is a foam concentrate based on a mixture of hydrocarbon
surface active agents and which may contain fluorocarbons with additional stabilizers.
1.2.15 Type A foam concentrates are alcohol-resistant or multi-purpose foam concentrates.
1.2.16 Type B foam concentrates are all regular type foam concentrates that are not
alcohol-resistant, including fluoroprotein and aqueous film-forming (AFF) foam concentrates.
2 SAMPLING PROCEDURE
The sampling method should ensure representative samples which should be stored in filled
containers.
The sample size should be:
.1
.2
id
2 x 20 l containers (or other standard shipping containers) for type tests
(see section 3); and
2 l for periodical controls (see section 4).

Vo
3 TESTS FOR TYPE APPROVAL OF FOAM CONCENTRATES
For foam concentrate type approval, the tests under paragraphs 3.1 to 3.14 below should be
performed by the foam concentrate manufacturer at laboratories acceptable to the Administration.
3.1 Freezing and thawing
3.1.1 Before and after temperature conditioning in accordance with paragraph 3.1.2 below, the
foam concentrate should show no visual sign of stratification, non-homogeneity or
sedimentation.
3.1.2 Freezing and thawing test:
.1 apparatus:
.1 freezing chamber, capable of achieving temperatures required, as stated in

paragraph 3.1.2.2.1 below;
.2 polyethylene tube, approximately 10 mm diameter, 400 mm long and

sealed and weighted at one end, with suitable spacers attached. Figure 1
shows a typical form; and
.3 500 ml cylinder, approximately 400 mm high and 65 mm in diameter.

MSC.1/Circ.1312
ANNEX
Page 3
.2 procedure:
.1 set the temperature of the freezing chamber to a temperature which is 10ºC

below the freezing point of the sample measured in accordance with
standard BS 5117, section 1.3 (excluding 5.2 in the standard). To prevent
the glass measuring cylinder from breaking, due to expansion of the foam
concentrate on freezing, insert the tube into the measuring cylinder, sealed
end downward, weighted if necessary to avoid flotation, and the spacers
ensuring it remains approximately on the central axis of the cylinder.
Place the cylinder with the sample in the chest, cool it and maintain at the
required temperature for 24 h. At the end of this period, thaw the sample
for not less than 24 h and not more than 96 h in an ambient temperature
of 20 to 25ºC;
.2 repeat the procedure described in the above subparagraph three times to

give four cycles of freezing and thawing; and
.3 condition the sample for seven days at 60ºC followed by one day at room
temperature. The sample shall then be examined for visual signs of
stratification, non-homogeneity or sedimentation.
3.2 Heat stability

id
An unopened 20 l container (or other standard shipping container), as supplied by the
manufacturer from a production batch, should be maintained for seven days at 60ºC, followed by
one day at room temperature. Following this conditioning, the foam liquid after agitating/stirring
will be subjected to the fire test as per subsection 3.9. Only fire tests as per subsection 3.9 should
Vo
be performed with the heat conditioned sample.
3.3 Sedimentation
3.3.1 Any sediment in the concentrate prepared in accordance with section 2 should be
dispersible through a 180 µm sieve, and the percentage volume of sediment should not be more
than 0.25% when tested in accordance with paragraph 3.3.2 below.
3.3.2 The test should be carried out as follows:
.1 apparatus:
.1 graduated centrifuge tubes;
.2 centrifuge operating at 6,000 ± 100 m/s2;
.3 180 µm sieve complying with standard ISO 3310-1; and
.4 plastic wash bottle.
Note: a centrifuge and tubes complying with standard ISO 3734 are suitable; and
MSC.1/Circ.1312
ANNEX
Page 4
.2 procedure: centrifuge each sample for 10 min. Determine the volume of the
sediment and determine the percentage of this volume with respect to the
centrifuged sample volume. Wash the contents of the centrifuge tube onto the
sieve and check that the sediment can or cannot be dispersed through the sieve by
the jet from the plastic wash bottle.
Note: It is possible that the test method is not suitable for some non-Newtonian foam
concentrates. In this case an alternative method, to the satisfaction of the
Administration, should be used so that compliance with this requirement can be
verified.
3.4 Kinematic viscosity
3.4.1 The test should be carried out according to standard ASTM D 445-86 or ISO 3104.
Kinematic viscosity should not exceed 200 mm2/s.
3.4.2 The method for determining viscosity of non-Newtonian foam concentrates or kinematic
viscosity exceeding 200 mm2/s should be to the satisfaction of the Administration. A suitable
method is described in standard EN 1568.
3.5 pH value id
The pH of the foam concentrate prepared in accordance with section 2 should be not less than 6
and not more than 9.5 at 20 ± 2ºC.
3.6 Film formation of the foam solution (if applicable)

Vo
3.6.1 The spreading coefficient should be determined using the following formula:
S = Tc – Ts - Ti
where:
S is the spreading coefficient;
Tc is the surface tension of cyclohexane (N/m);
Ts is the surface tension of the foam solution (N/m);
Ti is the interfacial tension between the foam solution and cyclohexane (N/m).
Tc, Ts and Ti should be determined according to paragraph 3.6.2 below.
The spreading coefficient S should be greater than 0.
3.6.2 Determination of Tc, Ts and Ti
.1 materials:
.1 solution of foam concentrate, at the recommended usage concentration in

distilled water complying with standard ISO 3696; and
MSC.1/Circ.1312
ANNEX
Page 5
Note: The solution may be made up in a 100 ml volumetric flask using a pipette
to measure the foam concentrate.
.2 for Tc and Ti , cyclohexane of purity not less than 99%;
.2 procedures for surface tension: determine Ts at a temperature of 20 ± 2ºC using the

ring or plate method of standard ISO 304; and
.3 procedure for interfacial tension: after measuring the surface tension in

accordance with subparagraph .2 above, introduce a layer of cyclohexane
at 20 ± 2ºC onto the foam solution, being careful to avoid contact between the ring
or plate and the cyclohexane. Wait 6 ± 1 min and measure Ti .
3.7 Expansion ratio
3.7.1 The test should be carried out according to paragraph 3.7.2 with simulated seawater
at about 20ºC having the characteristics stated in paragraph 3.7.3.
3.7.2 Determination of the expansion ratio
.1 apparatus:
.1
.2
id
plastic collecting vessel of volume V, known to ± 16 ml, as shown in
figure 2, equipped with a bottom discharge facility;
foam collector, as shown in figure 3; and

Vo
.3 foam making equipment with nozzle, as shown in figure 4, which when tested
with water has a flow rate of 11.4 l/min at a nozzle pressure of 6.3 ± 0.3 bar;
.2 procedure:
.1 check that the pipe work and hose from the foam solution tank to the
nozzle is completely full of solution. Set up the nozzle horizontally
directly in front of the foam collector with the front of the nozzle 3 ± 0.3 m
from the top edge of the collector. Wet the vessel internally and weigh
it (W1). Set up the foam equipment and adjust the nozzle pressure to give a
flow rate of 11.4 l/min. Discharge the foam and adjust the height of the
nozzle so that the discharge strikes the collector centrally. Keep the nozzle
horizontal. Stop the foam discharge and rinse all foam from the collector.
Check that the foam solution tank is full. Start discharging the foam and
after 30 ± 5 s to allow the discharge to stabilize, place the collecting
vessel, with the discharge outlet closed, on the collector. As soon as the
vessel is full, remove it from the collector, strike the foam surface level
with the rim and start the clock. Weigh the vessel (W2);
.2 calculate the expansion E from the equation:
V
E=
W2 − W1
MSC.1/Circ.1312
ANNEX
Page 6
in which it is assumed that the density of the foam solution is 1 and where:
V is the vessel volume in ml;
W1 is the mass of the empty vessel in grams;
W2 is the mass of the full vessel in grams; and
.3 open the drainage facility and collect the foam solution in the measuring
cylinder to measure the 25% drainage time (see paragraph 3.8.1 below).
3.7.3 Simulated sea water may be made up by dissolving in 0.9584 kg of potable water:
25 g Sodium chloride (NaCl);
11 g Magnesium chloride (MgCl2 6 H2O);
1.6 g Calcium chloride (CaCl2 2H2O);
4g Sodium sulphate (Na2 SO4).
3.8 Drainage time

id
3.8.1 The drainage time should be determined according to paragraph 3.7.2.3 above, after
having determined the expansion ratio.
3.8.2 The test should be carried out with simulated seawater at about 20ºC having the
Vo
characteristics stated in paragraph 3.7.3 above.
3.9 Fire tests
Fire tests should be carried out according to paragraphs 3.9.1 to 3.9.7.
Note: The fire tests of this subsection 3.9 are more expensive and time consuming than the other
tests of these Guidelines. It is recommended that fire tests should be carried out at the
end of the test programme, so as to avoid the expense of unnecessary testing of foam
concentrates which do not comply in other respects.
3.9.1 Environmental conditions:
.1 air temperature 15 ± 5ºC;
.2 fuel temperature 17.5 ± 2.5ºC;
.3 water temperature 17.5 ± 2.5ºC;
.4 foam solution temperature 17.5 ± 2.5ºC; and
.5 maximum wind speed 3 m/s in proximity of the fire tray.
Note: If necessary, some form of wind-screen may be used.

MSC.1/Circ.1312
ANNEX
Page 7
3.9.2 Observations during the fire test:
During the fire test, record the following:
.1 indoor or outdoor test;
.2 air temperature;
.3 fuel temperature;
.4 water temperature;
.5 foam solution temperature;
.6 wind speed;
.7 extinction time; and
.8 25% burnback time.
3.9.3 Foam solution:
.1
id
Note: Burnback time may either be determined visually by an experienced person or may be
determined from thermal radiation measurements (a suitable method is described in
standard EN 1568).
prepare a foam solution following the recommendations from the supplier for
Vo
concentration, maximum premix time, compatibility with the test equipment,
avoiding contamination by other types of foam, etc; and
.2 the test should be carried out with simulated sea water at about 20ºC having the
characteristics stated in paragraph 3.7.3 above.
3.9.4 Apparatus:
.1 fire tray: square tray with the following dimensions:
area 4.5 m2;
depth 200 mm;
thickness of steel wall 2.5 mm;

with a vertical steel backboard 1 ± 0.05 m high and 1 ± 0.05 m long;
.2 foam making equipment: in accordance with paragraph 3.7.2.1 for type B foam
concentrates. For type A foam concentrates, the foam application rate should be
as determined by the manufacturer, up to a total of three nozzles in accordance
with paragraph 3.7.2.1;
MSC.1/Circ.1312
ANNEX
Page 8
.3 burnback pot: circular burnback pot with the following dimensions:
diameter 300 ± 5 mm;
height 150 ± 5 mm;
thickness of steel wall 2.5 mm.
3.9.5 Fuel
3.9.5.1 For type B foams, use an aliphatic hydrocarbon mixture with physical properties
according to the following specification:
distillation range 84ºC to 105ºC;
maximum difference between initial and

final boiling points 10ºC;
maximum aromatic content 1%;
density at 15ºC id 707.5 ± 2.5 kg/m3;
temperature about 20ºC.
Note: Typical fuels meeting this specification are n-heptane and certain solvent fractions
sometimes referred to as commercial heptane.
Vo
The Administration may require additional fire tests using an additional test fuel.
3.9.5.2 For type A foams, acetone and isopropyl alcohol should be used as the standard test
fuels. However, the Administration may require additional fire tests using different test fuels for
water-miscible cargoes that require a higher foam application rate than acetone. Impurities for
all type A fuels should not exceed 1%.
3.9.6 Test procedure:
.1 place the tray directly on the ground and ensure that it is level. If using heptane,
add approximately 90 l of simulated sea water having the characteristics stated in
paragraph 3.7.3, and check that the base of the tray is completely covered.
Set up the foam nozzle horizontally, about 1 m above the ground in a position
where the central part of the foam discharge will strike the centre axis of
the backboard, 0.35 ± 0.1 m above the rim of the tray (gentle application).
Add 144 ± 5 l of fuel, to give a nominal freeboard of 150 mm. If using acetone or
isopropyl alcohol, add 234 ± 5 l of fuel directly into the tray, without water, to
give a nominal freeboard of 150 mm;
.2 ignite the tray not more than 5 min after adding the fuel and allow it to burn for a
period of 60 ± 5 s after full involvement of the surface of the fuel, then start foam
application; and
MSC.1/Circ.1312
ANNEX
Page 9
.3 apply foam for 300 ± 2 s. Stop foam application and after a further 300 ± 10 s place
the burnback pot, containing 2 ± 0.1 l of fuel in the centre of the tray and ignite.
Visually estimate when 25% of the tray is covered by sustained flames or by
“flare up” flames (see Note below), ignoring any faint, barely visible, or transient
flames.
Note: During the burnback test, a “flare up” may occur, in which large flames may be
sustained for periods typically from 30 s to 3 min before decreasing in intensity.
3.9.7 Permissible limits:
.1 extinction time: not more than 5 min; and
.2 burnback time: not less than 15 min for 25% of the surface.
3.10 Corrosiveness
The storage container should be compatible with its foam concentrate throughout the service life
of the foam such that the chemical and physical properties of the foam should not deteriorate
below the initial values accepted by the Administration.
3.11 Volumic mass

id
According to standard ASTM D 1298-85.
3.12 Batch certificate

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The foam concentrate should be delivered with a declaration of the main characteristics
(sedimentation, pH value, expansion ratio, drainage time and volumetric mass). The declaration
should be issued by the maker and will be the basis for the annual condition test.
3.13 Foam concentrate container marking
Each foam concentrate container should be marked with complete information needed to identify
the liquid and confirm its intended use. As a minimum, the following information should be
included:
.1 name and address of manufacturer;
.2 product designation;
.3 type of foam (synthetic, protein-based, etc.);
.4 intended use (regular or alcohol-resistant);
.5 batch number and reference to batch certificate;
.6 date of manufacture;
.7 expiry date;
MSC.1/Circ.1312
ANNEX
Page 10
.8 reference to test standard and approvals;
.9 recommended usage concentration;
.10 indication if seawater compatible;
.11 maximum and minimum storage temperature;
.12 required onboard storage tank materials (steel, stainless steel, FRP, etc.);
.13 quantity of foam concentrate;
.14 indication of film forming capability; and
.15 safety, health and environmental information.
3.14 Reference test and annual periodic re-test for protein-based alcohol-resistant foam
concentrates
Protein-based alcohol-resistant foam concentrates should be required to demonstrate

id
manufacturing consistency through an annual small-scale test at a recognized test laboratory.
The reference test should be performed at the same time and at the same recognized laboratory as
the full-scale test defined in subsection 3.9.
The concentrate should be tested according to standards ISO 7203-3 Annex C, EN 1568-4
Annex I, SP Method 2580 or another standard acceptable to the Administration. The reference
test and annual test should be carried out to the same standard.
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The concentrate is deemed to fail the test if the results from the annual small scale test indicate
significant changes in the foam quality compared to the reference test.
4 PERIODICAL CONTROLS OF FOAM CONCENTRATES STORED ON BOARD
The attention of the Administration is drawn to the fact that particular installation conditions
(excessive ambient storage temperature, contamination of the foam concentrate, incomplete
filling of the tank, etc.) may lead to an abnormal ageing of the concentrates.
For periodical control of foam concentrates, the tests under paragraphs 4.1 to 4.7 should be
performed by the shipowner or operator. They should be carried out at laboratories or authorized
service suppliers acceptable to the Administration.
The deviations in the values obtained by these tests, in respect of those obtained during the type
approval tests, should be within the ranges acceptable to the Administration.
Tests under paragraphs 4.1, 4.3 and 4.4 should be carried out on samples maintained at 60ºC
for 24 h and subsequently cooled to the test temperature.
4.1 Sedimentation
According to paragraph 3.3 above.
MSC.1/Circ.1312
ANNEX
Page 11
4.2 pH value
4.3 Expansion ratio
4.4 Drainage time
4.5 Volumic mass
4.6 Small scale fire test for protein-based alcohol-resistant foam concentrates
4.7 id
Chemical stability test for protein-based alcohol-resistant foam concentrates
Protein-based alcohol-resistant foam concentrates should be subjected to a stability test with

acetone. A foam solution should be prepared at the approved concentration and gently applied to
the surface of a tray containing acetone. The concentrate is deemed to fail the test if the foam
solution mixes with the acetone.
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5 INTERVALS OF PERIODIC CONTROLS
Except for tests in accordance with paragraph 4.7 the first periodical control of foam concentrates
should be performed not more than 3 years after being supplied to the ship, and after that, every
year. The tests required by paragraph 4.7 should be performed prior to delivery to the ship and
annually thereafter.
MSC.1/Circ.1312
ANNEX
Page 12
id
Figure 1 – Typical form of polyethylene tube
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Figure 2 – Collecting vessel for Figure 3 – Foam collector for expansion

determination of expansion and and drainage measurement
drainage time
Note: Suitable materials for the
collection surface are stainless
steel, aluminium, brass or plastics
MSC.1/Circ.1312
ANNEX
Page 13
id
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Figure 4 – Foam making nozzle
___________
Attachment 6. to
MSC/Circ.798
(9 June 1997)
Guidelines for performance and testing criteria and

surveys of medium-expansion concentrates for
fire-extinguishing systems
1 The Maritime Safety Committee, at its sixty-eighth session (28 May

to 6 June 1997), approved Guidelines for performance and testing criteria
and surveys of medium-expansion foam concentrates for fire-extinguishing
systems, given in the annex.
2 Member Governments are recommended to ensure that tests for

type approval and periodical controls of the medium-expansion foam
concentrates are performed in accordance with the annexed Guidelines.
id Annex
Guidelines for performance and testing criteria and

surveys of medium-expansion foam concentrates
Vo
for fire-extinguishing systems
1 General
1.1 Application
These Guidelines apply to the foam concentrates for medium-expansion
foam fire-extinguishing systems referred to in SOLAS regulation 11-2/61.
1.2 Definitions
For the purpose of these Guidelines the following definitions apply:
1.2.1 Foam (fire fighting): an aggregate of air filled bubbles formed from
an aqueous solution of a suitable foam concentrate.
1.2.2 Foam solution: a solution of foam concentrate and waters.
1.2.3 Foam concentrate: the liquid which, when mixed with water in the
appropriate concentration, gives a foam solution.
215
MSC/C/rc.798
1.2.4 Expansion ratio: the ratio of the volume of foam to the volume of
foam solution from which it was made.
1.2.5 Spreading coefficient a measurement of the ability of one liquid to

spontaneously spread across another.
1.2.6 25% (50%) drainage time: the time for 25% (50%) of the liquid
content of a foam to drain out.
1.2.7 Gentle application: application of foam to the surface of a liquid

fuel via a backboard, tank wall or other surface.
1.2.8 Sediment: insoluble particles in the foam concentrate.
2 Sampling procedure
2.1 The sampling method should ensure representative samples which
should be stored in filled containers.
2.2 The sample size should be:

.1 30 / for type tests (see section 3); and
.2 2 / for periodical controls (see section 4).
3
id
Tests for type approval of foam concentrates
For foam concentrate type approval, the tests under 3.1 to 3.10 should be
performed. They should be carried out at laboratories acceptable to the
Administration.
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3.1 Freezing and thawing
3.1.1 Before and after temperature conditioning in accordance with

3.1.2, the foam concentrate should show no visual sign of stratification,
non-homogeneity or sedimentation.
3.1.2 Freezing and thawing test

.1 Apparatus:
.1 freezing chamber, capable of achieving temperatures
required as stated in .2.1 below;
.2 polyethylene tube, approximately 10 mm diameter,
400 mm long and sealed and weighted at one end,
with suitable spacers attached (figure 1 of MSC/Circ.582
shows a typical form); and
.3 500 ml cylinder approximately 400 mm high and 65 mm
in diameter.
216
MSC/Circ.798
.2 Procedure:
.1 set the temperature of the freezing chamber to a
temperature which is 10°C below the freezing point of
the sample measured in accordance with BS 5117:
section 1.3 (excluding 5.2 in the Standard);
To prevent the glass measuring cylinder from breaking,
due to expansion of the foam concentrate on freezing,
insert the tube into the measuring cylinder, sealed end
downward, weighted if necessary to void floatation, the
spacers ensuring it remains approximately on the central
axis of the cylinder.
Place the sample in the cylinder in the chest, cool and
maintain at the required temperature for 24 h. At the end
of this period thaw the sample for not less than 24 h and
not more than 96 h in an ambient temperature range of
20°C to 25°C.
.2 repeat .2.1 above three times to give four cycles of
freezing and thawing:
.3 examine the sample for stratification and non-
homogeneity; and
id
3.2
.4 condition the sample for 7 days at 60°C followed by one
day at room temperature.
Heat stability
An unopened 20 / container (or other standard shipping container) as
supplied by the manufacturer from a production batch should be
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maintained for 7 days at 60°C, followed by one day at room
temperature. Following this conditioning, the foam liquid after agitating/
stirring will be subjected to the fire test as per 3.8, and comply with the
requirements given in these Guidelines.
3.3 Sedimentation
3.3.1 Any sediment in the concentrate prepared in accordance with
section 2 should be dispersible through a 180 urn sieve, and the
percentage volume of sediment should not be more than 0.25% when
tested in accordance with 3.3.2.
3.3.2 The test should be carried out as follows:

.1 Apparatus:
.1 graduated centrifuge tubes;
.2 centrifuge operating at 6,000 + 100 m/s2;
.3 180 (im sieve complying with ISO 3310-1; and
217
MSC/C/rc.798
.4 plastic wash bottle.

Note: A centrifuge and tubes complying with ISO 3734 are
suitable.
.2 Procedure:
Centrifuge each sample for 10 min. Determine the volume of
the sediment and determine the percentage of this volume
with respect to the centrifuged sample volume. Wash the
contents of the centrifuge tube onto the sieve and check that
the sediment can or cannot be dispersed through the sieve by
the jet from the plastic wash bottle.
Note: It is possible that the test method is not suitable for some
non-Newtonian foam concentrates. In this case an
alternative method, to the satisfaction of the
Administration, should be used so that compliance
with this requirement can be verified.
3.4 Kinematic viscosity

3.4.1 The test should be carried out according to ASTM D 445-86 or ISO
3104. Kinematic viscosity should not exceed 200 mm2/s.
3.4.2 The method for determining viscosity of non-Newtonian foam
pH value
id
concentrates should be to the satisfaction of the Administration.
3.5
The pH value of the foam concentrate should be not less than 6 and not
more than 10 at temperature of 20 + 2°C.
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3.6 Expansion ratio
3.6.1 The test should be carried out in accordance with 3.6.2 with
seawater at about 20°C. Simulated seawater with the characteristics stated
under 3.6.3 may be used. The expansion ratio obtained with the foam
generators used on board should be consistent with the expansion ratio
obtained with the foam generators during the fire test.
3.6.2 Determination of the expansion ratio:
.1 Apparatus:
.1 plastic collecting vessel of volume (V), approximately 200 /
and accurately known to + 2 /;
(An example of suitable vessel is given in ISO 7203-2)
.2 medium-expansion foam-making equipment which when
tested with water has a flow rate not less than 3 + 0.1 //
min at a nozzle pressure of 5 + 0.1 bar.
(An example of suitable apparatus is given in ISO 7203-2).
218
MSC/Grc.798
.2 Procedure:
.1 wet the vessel internally and weight it (Wi). Set up the

foam equipment and adjust the nozzle pressure of 5 +
0.1 bar. With the discharge facility closed, collect the
foam in the vessel. As soon as the vessel is full, stop
collecting foam and strike the foam surface level with the
rim. Weigh the vessel (W2). During the filling operation,
keep the discharge facility in the bottom of the vessel
closed until the total weight of the foam is determined;
.2 calculate the expansion E from the equation:
V
£=
where it is assumed that the density of the foam solution

is 1.0kg//;
V is the vessel volume, in ml;
Wi is the mass of the empty vessel, in grams; and

W2 is the mass of the full vessel, in grams;
id .3 open the drainage facility and measure the 50% drainage

time (see 3.7.1 below).
Determine the drainage either by having the vessel on a
scale and recording the weight loss, or by collecting the
drained foam solution in a measuring cylinder.
Vo
3.6.3 Simulated seawater may be made up by dissolving:
25 g Sodium chloride (NaCI),
11 g Magnesium chloride (MgCI2 6H2O),
1.6 g Calcium chloride (CaCI2 2H2O),
4 g Sodium sulphate (Na2SO4).
3.7 Drainage time
3.7.1 The drainage time should be determined, after having determined

the expansion ratio, in accordance with 3.6.2.3.
3.7.2 The test should be carried out with seawater at about 20°C.
Simulated seawater with the characteristics stated in 3.6.3 may be used.
3.7.3 Drainage time obtained with the foam generators used on board
should be consistent with the drainage time obtained with the foam
generators during the fire test.
219
MSC/Grc.798
3.8 Fire tests

Fire tests should be carried out in accordance with 3.8.1 to 3.8.7 below.
Note: The fire tests of section 3.8 are more expensive and time
consuming than the other tests of these Guidelines. It is
recommended that fire tests should be carried out at the end
of the test programme, so as to avoid expense of
unnecessary testing of foam concentrates which do not
comply in other respects.
3.8.1 Environmental conditions

.1 Air temperature: 15 + 5°C.
.2 Maximum wind speed: 3 m/s in proximity of the fire tray.
3.8.2 Records
During the fire test, the following should be recorded:
.1 indoor or outdoor test;
.2 air temperature;
.3 fuel temperature:
.4
.5
.6
.7
id
water temperature;
foam solution temperature;
wind speed; and
extinction time.
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3.8.3 Foam solution
.1 Prepare a foam solution, following the recommendations from
the supplier for concentration, maximum premix time,
compatibility with the test equipment, avoiding
contamination by other types of foam, etc.
.2 The test should be carried out with seawater at about 20°C.
Simulated seawater with the characteristics stated in 3.6.3 may
be used.
3.8.4 Apparatus
.1 Fire tray:
Circular fire tray of steel with dimensions as follows:
diameter at rim: 1,480 + 15mm
depth: 150 + 10 mm
normal thickness of steel wall: 2.5 mm
Note: The tray has an area of approximately 1.73 m2.
220
MSC/Orc.798
.2 Foam-making equipment:
In accordance with subparagraph 3.6.2.1.
3.8.5 Fuel
An aliphatic hydrocarbon mixture with physical properties according to the
following specification should be used:
.1 distillation range: 84-105°
.2 maximum difference between
initial and boiling points: 10°C
.3 maximum aromatic content: 1%
.4 density at 15°: 707.5 + 2.5 kg/m3
.5 temperature: about 20°C.
Note: Typical fuels meeting this specification are n-heptane and
certain solvent fractions sometimes referred to as
commercial heptane.
The Administration may require additional fire tests using an additional test
fuel.
3.8.6 Test procedure
nominal freeboard of 100 mm.

id
3.8.6.1 Place the tray directly on the ground and ensure that it is level.
Add approximately 30 / of fresh water and 55 + 2 / o f fuel, to give a
3.8.6.2 Not later than 5 min after adding of a fuel, ignite the fuel and allow
it to burn free for a period of not less than 180 s after the full involvement.
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Set up the foam equipment at a height which is equal to the upper edge of
the rim as it is shown at figure 1. 200 + 5 s after full involvement of the
surface into the fire, apply foam along the wall of the tray for a period of
120 + 2 s. Record the extinction time as the period from start of foam
application to extinction.
3.8.7 Permissible limits

Extinction time % not more than 120 s.
3.9 Corrosiveness
The storage container shall be compatible with its foam concentrate,
throughout the service life of the foam, such that the chemical and physical
properties of the foam shall not deteriorate below the initial values
accepted by the Administration.
3.10 Volumic mass

According to ASTM D 1298-85.
221
MSC/Circ.798
4 Periodical controls of foam concentrates stored

on board
The attention of the Administration is drawn to the fact that particular
installation conditions (excessive ambient temperature, incomplete filling of
the tank, etc.) may lead to an abnormal ageing of the concentrates.
For the periodical control of foam concentrate, the tests under 4.1 to 4.5
should be performed. They should be carried out at laboratories
acceptable to the Administration.
The deviations in the values obtained by these tests, in respect of those
obtained during the type approval tests, should be within ranges
acceptable to the Administration.
Tests under 4.1, 4.3 and 4.4 should be carried out on samples maintained
at 60°C for 24 h and subsequently cooled to the test temperature.
4.1 Sedimentation
According to 3.3 above.
4.2 pH value
4.3
id
Expansion ratio
4.4 Drainage time

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4.5 Volumic mass

5 Intervals of periodical controls

5.1 The first periodical control of foam concentrates stored on board
should be performed after a period of 3 years and, after that, every year.
5.2 A record of the age of the foam concentrates and of subsequent

controls should be kept on board.
222
MSC/Grc.798
.B F W
A - pipe
B -tray
F -fuel
W - water
Figure 1 - Fire test arrangement of medium expansion foam
id
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223
Attachment 7. to
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Attachment 8. to
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Maintenance, inspection and test of Fire-Protection

Purpose of the Guidelines

and emergency equipment.

For any questions about the above, please contact:

NIPPON KAIJI KYOKAI (ClassNK)

Resolution A.951(23): Improved Guidelines for Marine Portable Fire Extinguishers

Attachment 1. General Requirements for the Maintenance and Inspection of

1. General Requirements for the Maintenance and Inspection of Fire-protection Systems

1.3 Weekly Testing and Inspections

1.4 Monthly testing and inspections

1.5 Quarterly testing and inspections

1.6 Annual testing and inspections.

1.7 Two-year testing and inspections

1.8 Five-year service

1.9 Ten-year Service

2 Requirements for Specific Maintenance and Inspection of Portable Fire Extinguishers

2.2 Refilling for portable fire extinguishers

3 Requirements for Specific Maintenance and Inspection of Fixed Fire-Extinguishing

To: Ship-owners/Operators, Company Security Officers, Legal Representatives

Subject: Guidelines for the Maintenance, Inspection of Fire-Protection System and

This Merchant Marine Circular supersedes MMC. No. 96 and 226.

Revised by: Compliance and Approved by: Compliance and

1.1. Operational readiness

1.1.2. Where Recognized Organization issuing the vessel’s Statutory Certificate

1.2. Maintenance and Testing

1.2.2. Certain maintenance procedures and inspections may be performed by competent

Revised by: Compliance and Approved by: Compliance and

1.3. Weekly Testing and Inspections

1.3.1. Fixed fire detection and alarm systems:

1.3.2. Fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems:

1.3.3. Fire doors:

1.3.4. Public address and general alarm systems:

1.3.5. Breathing apparatus:

Low location lighting:

1.4. Monthly testing and inspections

1.4.1. Fire mains, fire pumps, hydrants, hoses and nozzles:

1.4.2. Fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems:

Revised by: Compliance and Approved by: Compliance and

1.4.4. Water mist, water spray and sprinkler systems:

1.4.5. Firefighter's outfits:

1.4.6. Fixed dry chemical powder systems:

id 1.4.7. Fixed aerosol extinguishing systems:

1.4.9. Wheeled (mobile) fire extinguishers:

1.4.10. Fixed fire detection and alarm systems:

1.5. Quarterly testing and inspections

1.5.1. Fire mains, fire pumps, hydrants, hoses and nozzles:

1.5.2. Foam fire-extinguishing systems:

Revised by: Compliance and Approved by: Compliance and

1.5.3. Ventilation systems and fire dampers:

1.5.4. Fire doors:

1.6. Annual testing and inspections.

1.6.1. Fire mains, fire pumps, hydrants, hoses and nozzles:

id 1.6.2. Fixed fire detection and fire alarm systems:

1.6.4. Foam fire-extinguishing systems:

Revised by: Compliance and Approved by: Compliance and

1.6.5. Water mist, water spray and sprinkler systems:

id e. functionally test all fixed system audible and visual alarms;