Treadmill Cycling Report
Treadmill Cycling Report
Treadmill Cycling Report
Certified that this Design and Fabrication project report titled “TREADMILL
SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
Coimbatore-641062 Coimbatore-641062
Our aim is to make a cycle run through a manual treadmill such that in a very
less effort more work can be done. As we all know a manual treadmill does not
consume any electricity, thus using treadmill and some arrangements of gears and
chain drive, we will make a treadmill cycle. With a very less effort this bicycle can
be driven as well as a new format of the bicycle design can be launched in the
market. The treadmill cycle is driven manually, more or less the same effort is
required to drive the bike as the effort required in treadmill, consisting of various
gear arrangements and two shafts provided to change the motion. The treadmill
cycle will be the best in its segment. The main disadvantage of this treadmill is, it
is stationary at particular place so sometimes people get bored by jogging at same
place without any exposure to natural atmosphere. For travelling over short
distances people often use a commercial vehicle which causes pollution and
unnecessary wastage of fuel.
The treadmill bicycle is a totally new way of moving. With the electric assist it
takes less effort to walk then “a walk in the park”. It is the combination of the DC
motor, Hall Effect Sensor and amplifier boosting your walking pace up to the
higher speed. Increased use of fuel has resulted in increase of pollution and
degradation of natural resources. With increasing population and their need, it has
become necessary to control the use of fuel and decrease the pollution; so as to
make it avail it’s important to our coming generation. Due to heavy busy schedule
people are not able to give attention to their health and physical fitness. No need to
use it as conventional treadmill in closed room; you can roam on roads also.
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
CHAPTER-2
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Treadmills are not used to harness power, but as exercise machines for
running or walking in one place. Rather than the user powering the mill, the
machine provides a moving platform with a wide conveyor belt driven by an
electric motor or a flywheel. The belt moves to the rear, requiring the user to walk
or run at a speed matching that of the belt. The rate at which the belt moves is the
rate of walking or running. Thus, the speed of running may be controlled and
measured.
The treadmill cycle is driven manually, more or less the same effort is
required to drive the bike as the effort required in treadmill, consisting of various
gear arrangements and two shafts provided to change the motion. The treadmill
cycle will be the best in its segment.
In general, there are two methods by which an athlete may cycle faster and
more efficiently, with the aim of being more successful in competitions: a)
Decrease the various sources of resistance (rolling resistance, air resistance,
gradient); can be achieved by reducing the mass and profile of the bike and rider.
b) Increase the power output; can be achieved by modifying the cyclist’s position,
cadence and other essential physical variables. However, the most substantial
changes are attained by improving the athlete’s physiological attributes through
training (Hawley 1997).The general consensus is that for cycling both the aerobic
and anaerobic capacities need to be maximally developed through training
(Jeukendrup et al. 2000, Burke 2003). In addition, the athlete must focus on
increasing his overall strength and power, not only in the muscles directly involved
in cycling, but also the muscles of the core and upper body.
5. Recovery Time – In order to allow the body to recover from the physical
exertion of training sessions a rest period of 48 hours is recommended;
however this period may vary depending on the level of the athlete and the
intensity and volume of strength training (Fleck & Kraemer, 2004).
DESIGN AND FABRICATION
CHAPTER-3
DESIGN AND FABRICATION
The components that we designed are chassis, fork, axle of bicycle and
treadmill, handle, treadmill roller and side frame of treadmill. First of all we
studied various types of each components stated above. Then we select particular
type of each component. Then we identified specific function of that component.
After this we did material selection based on functional requirement. Then we
identified material properties from manufacturing catalogue. Then we identified
permissible stress using suitable factor of safety. After that we did stress analysis
for various components, on Ansys software, then dimensions whose stress in
within permissible limit is selected.
Working
Sl. Components Material FOS stress Dimensions
no (MPa) (mm)
SAE 1010
3 Bicycle axle Steel 3.5 65.12 10
Cast
4 Handle Aluminium 2.5 83.77 25
alloy
Treadmill
5 axle Stainless steel 3 13.14 12
Sl.
No Component Type / Material
Polyvinyl Chloride +
3 Belt Nylon
Telescopic Fork
5 Suspension Suspension
6 Tyre Rubber
This roller serves the purpose of support to the tread belt. 19 supportive
rollers are fitted in frame structure. They are made up of a PVC material. The PVC
pipes have diameter of ¾ inch that is 19.05 mm and length is 390mm. All the
design calculation of frame and rollers is done on the basis of load carrying
capacity of walking bike and space availability. Load carrying capacity of walking
bike is 100kg.
1. Properties:
The material selected must possess the necessary properties for the proposed
application. The various requirements to be satisfied can be Weight, surface finish,
rigidity, ability to withstand environmental attack from chemicals, service life,
reliability etc.
i. Physical
ii. Mechanical
iii. From manufacturing point of view
iv. Chemical
The various physical properties concerned are melting point, thermal
Conductivity, specific heat, coefficient of thermal expansion, specific gravity,
electrical conductivity, magnetic purposes etc. The various Mechanical properties
Concerned are strength in tensile, Compressive shear, bending, torsional load and
buckling load, fatigue resistance, impact resistance, elastic limit, endurance limit,
and modulus of elasticity, hardness, wear resistance and sliding properties. The
various properties concerned from the manufacturing point of view are,
a) Cast ability
b) Weld ability
c) Forge ability
d) Surface properties
e) Shrinkage
f) Deep drawing etc.
2. Manufacturing case:
3. Quality Required:
This generally affects the manufacturing process and ultimately the material.
For example, it would never be desirable to go casting of a less number of
components which can be fabricated much more economically by welding or hand
forging the steel.
4. Availability of Material:
6. Cost:
Chasis 8.00
Fork 12.00
Handle 9.00
Tyre 5.00
Component Cost
Belt 3000
Bearing 2000
Tyre 1000
Roller 1500
Axle 3500
Fuel saving
People often use vehicle for travelling over short distance. This causes
unnecessary wastage of fuel. Due to use of treadmill bicycle over short distance a
large amount of fuel can be saved.
Travelling
Treadmill bicycle can be used for travelling over short distances. One can
also exercise while travelling over short distance.
Eco- friendly
Treadmill bicycle does not require any fuel. Therefore it does not emit any
pollutants. So it is an eco-friendly vehicle.
MERITS
Enable the user to set up an exercise regime that can be adhered to irrespective
of the weather.
Cushioned tread can provide slightly lower impact training than running on
outdoor surfaces. Although cushioned belts have mostly been deprecated out of
use and cushioned replacement belts may be hard to find, many treadmills have
rubber or urethane deck elastomers (cushions) which are superior in cushioning
and last longer than cushioned belts. There were for a time banana shaped
flexible decks that were among the very best as far as cushioning that were
priced at a midrange level, but currently these are not being sold, perhaps
because of the increased manufacturing cost of making the flexible deck.
Cushioned belts also don't last as long as regular belts due to their construction
out of weaker materials. For calorie burning, incline can be used to significantly
reduce impact for a given rate of energy use.
Incline setting can allow for consistent "uphill" training that is not possible
when relying on natural features.
Rate settings force a consistent pace.
Some treadmills have programmes such that the user can simulate terrains, e.g.
rolling hills, to provide accurate, programmed, exercise periods.
The user can watch TV whilst using the machine thus preventing TV from
being a sedentary activity.
User progress such as distance, calories burned, and heart rate can be tracked
DEMERITS
Some treadmill runners develop bad running habits that become apparent when
they return to outdoor running. In particular a short, upright, bouncy gait may
result from having no wind resistance and trying to avoid kicking the motor
covering with the front of the foot.
Imposes a strict pace on runners, giving an unnatural feel to running which can
cause a runner to lose balance.
Treadmill running is not specific to any sport, i.e., there is no competitive sport
that actually utilizes treadmill running. For example, a competitive runner
would be far better off running outdoors through space since it is more specific
and realistic to his event.
Many users find treadmills monotonous and lose interest after a period.[13]
Treadmills do not offer the psychological satisfaction some runners get from
running in new locations away from the distractions of home.
Costs of purchase, electrical costs, and possible repair are significantly greater
than those of running outside.
APPLICATIONS
5. Burke E. (2003), "High Tech Cycling", Human Kinetics Europe Ltd; 2nd
revised edition.
6. Cooper C.B. & Storer T.W. (2001), "Exercise Testing and Interpretation: A
Practical Approach", Cambridge University Press.
Web portal reference
1. www.auto.howstuffworks.com
2. www.spicerparts.com
3. www.wikipedia.com