IEE Rule
IEE Rule
IEE Rule
CONTENTS.
PAGE
CONSTITUTION OF COMMITTEE 232
DEFINITIONS 233
Low PRESSURES NOT EXCEEDING 250 VOLTS ... ... 235
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT 235
CONDUCTORS—SIZE AND CONDUCTIVITY ... ... 237
CONDUCTORS—INSULATION 237
CONDUCTORS—FLEXIBLE 238
CONDUCTORS—FIXING AND SUPPORTING ... ... 239
CONDUCTORS—BARE 240
JOINTS AND CONNECTIONS ... ... 241
SWITCH AND DISTRIBUTION BOARDS 242
SWITCHES 243
FUSES 244
CONNECTORS—WALL- AND FLOOR-PLUGS, ETC 245
CEILING ROSES 245
FITTINGS FOR SUPPORTING LAMPS 246
LAMPHOLDERS ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 246
ARC LAMPS ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... 246
INCANDESCENT LAMPS 247
HEATERS ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 247
RESISTANCES, CHOKING COILS, AND A.C. TRANSFORMERS ... 248
MOTORS 248
DYNAMOS . 249
ACCUMULATORS AND OTHER BATTERIES 250
TESTING ... 250
TABLE 1 251
BOARD OF TRADE REGULATIONS FOR MEDIUM PRESSURES ... 253
MOTORS 253
ARC LAMPS IN SERIES ... ... ... ... 254
INCANDESCENT LAMPS IN SERIES ... ... ... 254
HOME OFFICE RULES FOR THE USE OF ELECTRICITY IN MINES... 255
DEFINITIONS 255
GENERAL 255
GENERATING STATIONS AND MACHINE ROOMS 258
CABLES ... ... ... 260
SWITCHES, FUSES, AND CUT-OUTS...' ... ... 261
MOTORS . ... ... ... ... ... ... 262
ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES 263
ELECTRIC LIGHTING 264
SHOT-FIRING 265
SIGNALLING 265
ELECTRIC RELIGHTING OF SAFETY LAMPS ... ... ... 266
EXEMPTIONS AND MISCELLANEOUS ... ... 266
TABLE ... ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• At end
232 I.E.E. WIRING RULES, 1907.
WIRING RULES.
three-wire system exceeds 250 volts and the three wires of the wire system
system or two pairs of wires are brought into premises, the Premises,
supply shall be given to two pairs of terminals arranged so as
to minimise the danger of shock, and the wiring from these
terminals shall be kept distinct throughout, and so arranged
that a person cannot simultaneously touch two points respec-
tively in contact with the outer conductors. In the case of
other multiple-wire systems similar principles shall be applied.
20. When energybJ
is taken from all the conductors of a two- ?r°tecti°n
in Polyphase
phase or three-phase system, the conductors must be protected, systems,
either by an automatic triple-pole circuit-breaker, or by a fuse
on each pole in conjunction with a triple-linked switch ; or by
three switch fuses.
236 I.E.E. WIRING RULES, 1907.
Current in
Circuits and
21. Conductors must radiate from distributing centres, and in
Rub-circuits. large systems from those centres to sub-centres, so that no final
sub-circuit carries more than 5 amperes up to 125 volts, or more
than 3 amperes from 125 to 250 volts, for incandescent lighting.
The sub-circuits for small heaters must not carry more than 15
amperes up to 125 volts, or more than 10 amperes from 125 to
250 volts, and they must be protected by a fuse on each pole-
Heaters and apparatus exceeding the 10-ampere limit must
comply with paragraph 91 (e) (1) and (2).
Fuses in
Sub-circuits.
22. Every sub-circuit must be protected on each pole
by a fuse (par. 18).
Bunching. 23. When protected from mechanical injury by metal tubes
or conduits (par. 46 (a)), conductors of opposite polarity may be
bunched, and when carrying small currents for incandescent
lighting, from sub-centres, as in paragraph 21, they may also, if
without joints, be bunched when the protecting tubing or casing
is non-metallic. If the supply is alternating and the protection
metallic, the lead and return conductors must be bunched.
Earthing. 24. Where metallic sheathing or tubing is used it must be
electrically and mechanically continuous and connected to earth.
The conductor (earth-wire) used for the purpose of earthing
must be of copper and of a sectional area not less than that of
No. 14S.W.G.
Gas-pipes. 25. There must be no contact between conductors (or their
insulating material, metallic sheathing or tubing) and gas pipes.
Non-conducting distance-pieces must be used where necessary.
Gas-pipes. 26. Gas-pipes must never be used to obtain an earth con-
nection.
Concentric
Wiring.
27. Where concentric wiring with an uninsulated external
conductor is used, this system of wiring must be employed
throughout, except for fittings and pendant flexibles.
Earthing in
Concentric 28. When the mains are earthed at one point, the external
Wiring. conductor of a concentric system is the conductor to be con-
nected to the earthed main.
Inflammable 29. In places where inflammable or explosive dust, gases, or
Gases and
Dust. vapours are liable to be present, dynamos, arc lamps, Nernst
lamps, and connectors must not be used. In such situations,
incandescent lamps must, with their holders, be enclosed in air-
tight fittings of thick glass ; switches, fuses and resistances must
be enclosed in gas-tight boxes or break under oil; and motors,
with their live parts, starters, terminals and connections, must be
completely enclosed (par. 91 (d))'in flame-tight enclosures made
of uninflammable material.
LOW PRESSURES UP TO 250 VOLTS. 237
CONDUCTORS—INSULATION.
36. Conductors, except as provided in paragraph 52, must be
specially insulated with material which does not deteriorate at
the highest temperature to which it will be subjected ; for in- ^fr™peia'
stance, rubber must not be allowed to exceed 1300 F. (54*4° C), and
paper or fibre must not be allowed to exceed 1760 F. (8o° C.)
37. The insulating material on any conductor other than a
flexible must be throughout either—
A. A dielectric, such as vulcanised rubber of the best ^ubb^"11
quality, which is impervious to moisture and only
needs mechanical protection (par. 46). (" Dielec-
tric " does not include braiding or taping.) Or
B. A dielectric, such as paper or fibre, which must be kept Paper ana
perfectly dry, and therefore needs to be encased
238 I.E.E. WIRING RULES, 1907.
CONDUCTORS—FLEXIBLE.
Size. 44. Flexibles must be of a sectional area not less than that
equivalent to No. 22 S.W.G.,1 and they must be made up of
wires twisted together on a short lay, the sectional area of each
wire being not greater than that of No. 36 S.W.G. The insu-
* The following have a sectional area equivalent to No. 22 S.W.G:: 34/40
22/38, 14/36. •
LOW PRESSURES UP TO 250 VOLTS. 239
SWITCHES.
69. Switches (pars. 29 and 30), whether fixed separately or
combined with lampholders or fittings, must comply with the
following requirements :—
(a) Overheating must not take place at the point of Overheating.
contact or elsewhere, when the full current flows
continuously.
(b) They must be incapable of forming a permanent arc size.
when breaking circuit. Switches should be tested
with pressures and currents 50 per cent, in excess
of those which will be used on the circuits for
which they are intended.
(c) The bases must be of incombustible non-conducting Bases.
and moisture-proof material.
(d) Unless placed in an engine-room or in a compart- Covers-
meht specially arranged for the purpose, switches
must have their live parts covered. The covers
244 t.E.fi. WlfclNG fctJLES,
FUSES.
70. Fuses (pars. 29, 30, a n d 68) must comply with t h e follow-
ing requirements :—
(a) N o overheating of any part must take place w h e n
the full current flows continuously.
size. (b) T h e y shall effectually interrupt t h e current w h e n
a short-circuit occurs, a n d also w h e n t h e current
through t h e m exceeds t h e working rate by 200
per cent., t h e current flowing under t h e normal
pressure, but they must be so proportioned to t h e
current to b e carried that no conductor protected
by them can b e raised in temperature above that
specified in paragraph 36.
Terminals. (c) T h e terminals must be so spaced apart or screened
that an arc cannot be maintained w h e n t h e fuse
is blown.
Bases-
(d) T h e bases must be of incombustible, non-conducting,
and moisture-proof material.
covers. (e) Unless placed in an engine-room or in a compart-
ment specially arranged for the purpose, fuses
must have covers to retain the fused metal. T h e
covers must be of incombustible material, and
must either be non-conducting or of rigid metal
lined with insulating incombustible material, and
clear of all live parts. Small, close-fitting covers
should be perforated for ventilation.
sockets, etc. (f) Fuses must not be placed in wall-sockets, ceiling
roses, landholders, or connectors.
overTis^ {g) Separate single fuses, and not double-pole ; fuses,
Volb
' must be used on circuits where t h e pressure
exceeds 125 volts.
LOW PRESSURES UP TO 250 VOLTS. 245
71. Branch fuses must be grouped together in accessible Branch
positions in sight, and should be symmetrically placed and
labelled for each circuit.
72. Note.—Hard metaHs recommended for fuses. Soft metal
fuses should be soldered to hard metal contact pieces. As a
practical guide, fuses may- be considered too large if they are
not perceptibly warm to the touch when carrying full load,
and too small if they hiss when moistened. Precautions against
shock must be taken when applying'this test.
CONNECTORS.
73. Connectors (pars. 29 and 30) must be capable of with- an^Fix'ins"
standing a test with pressure and current 50 per cent, in excess
of those for which they are intended. Fixed connectors must
have incombustible bases, and in damp places special water-
tight connectors must be used. Where the fixed part of a
connector is attached to a floor it must be so arranged that no
dust or water can accumulate, that all contacts are well below
the floor-level, and that any possibility of danger from contact
of live metal with carpets is avoided. Provision should be
made to facilitate inspection.
74. Connectors must be constructed so that they cannot be
readily short-circuited. Clearances should be such that an arc
cannot be started if the connector is pulled out while the '
current is flowing.
75. Flexibles for portable fittings must end in a connector.
76. Every connector, or group of connectors, must be in- Switches.
dependently controlled by a switch on the live side of the
connector. To avoid leaving the flexibles live, it is preferable
that the portable fittings themselves should not be provided
with switches.
CEILING ROSES.
77. Ceiling roses (par. 30) must comply with the following
requirements :—
(a) The bases must be of incombustible, non-conducting Bases.
and moisture-proof material;
(b) The covers must be of incombustible material, and covers.
must be either non-conducting, or of rigid metal
clear of all live parts ;
246 I.E.E. WIRING RULES, 1907.
LAMPHOLDERS.
82. Lampholders (pars. 29 and 86) must—
(a) be incombustible ;
(b) be specially designed if for currents above 1^ am-
peres ;
(c) not be hung from flexibles exposed to the weather ;
(d) not contain a switch if for pressures above 250 volts.
Wall
Switches.
83. Switch lampholders must be controlled, preferably in
groups of not more than ten, by a wall-switch.
ARC LAMPS.
84. Arc lamps (par. 29) must—
(a) be guarded by lanterns or globes arranged to inter-
cept falling particles of carbon ;
Globes and Note.—Lanterns or globes may be dispensed
Guards.
with where an open arc is essential, as in photo-
graphy, and where no combustible material is
present, as in a foundry ; but the flooring im-
LOW PRESSURES UP TO 250 VOLTS. 247
INCANDESCENT LAMPS.
85. Incandescent lamps must—
(a) Not be placed in close proximity to combustible combustible
materials unless specially protected ; shades made Matetah -
of combustible materials must be kept free from
contact with the lamps and their holders by suit-
able guards or supports; celluloid or similar mate-
rial must not be used for shades and candle tubes;
(b) Be fitted with guards if placed in positions where Guards.
goods are liable to be stacked in contact with
them ;
(c) With their holders, be enclosed in air-tight fittings
of thick glass, if placed in positions where they Bust? a"d
are exposed to inflammable vapour or gas, or to
excessive dust or flyings, as in dust-rooms and in
raising-rooms.
86. Lamp caps of which the insulating material is hygro- caps,
scopic must not be used in damp places unless the lampholder
is insulated from its support.
87. Lamps of the Nernst type must comply with the require- Nemst
ments of paragraphs 29, 84 (a), (6), (c), (d), and 85.
HEATERS.
88. Heaters (pars. 21 and 82 (b)) must be—
(a) so constructed and mounted that their supports and Over-
connections cannot become overheated, precau- ea"1Ji .
248 I.E.E. WIRING RULES, 1907.
MOTORS.
91. Motors (par. 29) rated at mor"e than one-third of a horse-
power must comply with the following requirements :--. .
(a) They must be protected from damp, dust, and
mechanical injury • •
Combustible (b) They must be so placed that no unprotected wood-
Materials.
work or combustible material be within a distance
of 12 inches from them measured horizontally, or
within 4 feet measured vertically above them,
unless they are of a totally enclosed type (par. 14).
Wood (c) When mounted upon wood flooring, unless of the
Floors.
totally enclosed or. ventilated type ,(Par- I3)> they
LOW PRESSURES UP TO 250 VOLTS. 249
MOTORS.
1. The frame of every electric motor shall be efficiently Earthins-.
connected with earth.
2. The consumer's wires forming the connections to Metai^
motors, or otherwise in connection with the supply, shall be, as
far as practicable, completely enclosed in strong metal casing
efficiently connected with earth, or they shall be fixed in such
a manner that there shall be no danger of any shock.
3. The supply to every motor shall be controlled by means Switches,
of an efficient cut-off switch, placed in such a position as to be
easily handled by the person in charge of the motor, and
connected so that by its means all pressure can be cut off
from the motor itself, and from any regulating switch,
resistance or other device in connection therewith. . .
4. Switches, efficient fuses or other automatic circuit- Protection
• ' Against
breakers shall be provided, so as to protect the circuits Excess of
from excess of current, and all switches and cut-outs shall Shock, and
be so enclosed and protected that.there shall be no danger
of any shock being obtained in the ordinary handling thereof,
or of any fire being caused by their normal or abnormal
action.
5. A notice shall be fixed in a conspicuous position Danger
at every motor and switchboard in connection with the
supply forbidding unauthorised persons to touch the motors
or apparatus.
254 I.E.E. WIRING RULES, 1907.
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H.O. RULES FOR MINES. 255
? . DEFINITIONS.
The expression "pressure" means the difference of electrical.
potential between any two conductors through which a supply
of energy is given, or between any part of either conductor and
earth as read by a hot wire or electrostatic volt-meter, and
(a) Where the conditions of the supply are such that
the pressure at the terminals where the electricity
is used cannot exceed 250 volts, the supply shall
be deemed a low-pressure supply.
(b) Where the conditions of supply are such that the
pressure at the terminals where the electricity is
used, between any two conductors, or between
one conductor and earth, may at any time exceed
250 volts, but cannot exceed 650 volts, the supply
shall be deemed a medium-pressure supply.
(c) Where the conditions of supply are such that the
pressure at the terminals where the electricity is
used, between any two conductors, or between
one conductor and earth, may at any time exceed
650 volts, but cannot exceed 3,000 volts, the
supply shall be deemed a high-pressure supply.
(d) Where the conditions of supply are such that the
pressure at the terminals where the electricity is
used, between any two conductors, or between
one conductor and earth, may at any time exceed
3,000 volts, the supply shall be deemed an extra
high-pressure supply.
SECTION I.
GENERAL. •
SECTION II.
GENERATING STATIONS AND MACHINE ROOMS.
17. Where the generating station under the control of the
owner or manager of the mine is not within 400 yards of the
working pit mouth, an efficiently enclosed locked switch box or
boxes, or a switch-house, shall, where reasonably practicable,
H.O. RULES FOR MINES. 259
be provided near the pit mouth, for cutting off the supply of
electricity to the mine.
18. There shall be a passage way in front of the switch-
board of not less than 3 ft. in width, and if there are any
connections at the back of- the switchboard, any passage way
behind the switchboard shall not be less than 3 ft. clear. This
space shall not be utilised as a storeroom or a lumber room, or
obstructed in any manner by resistance frames, meters, or other-
wise. If space is required for resistance frames or other
electrical apparatus behind the board, the passage way must be
widened accordingly.
No cable shall cross the passage way at the back of the
board except below the floor, or at a height of not less than
7 ft. above the floor.
The space at the back of the switchboards shall be properly
floored, accessible from each end, and, except in the case of
low-pressure switchboards, must be kept locked up, but the
lock must allow of the door being opened from the inside
without the use of a key. The floor at the back shall be
incombustible, firm and even.
19. Every generator shall be provided with a switch on
each pole between the generator and the bus-bars.
When continuous-current generators are paralleled, reversed
current cut-outs shall also be provided.
Suitable instruments shall be provided for measuring the
current and pressure of each generator.
Every feeder circuit shall at its origin be provided with an
ammeter.
20. If the transmission lines from the generating station to
the pit are overhead there shall be lightning arresters in con-
nection with the feeder circuits.
21. Automatic cut-outs must be arranged so that when the
contact lever opens outwards no danger exists of striking the
head of the attendant. If unenclosed fuses are used they must
be placed within 2 ft. of the floor, or be otherwise suitably
protected.
Where the supply is at a pressure exceeding the limits of
medium pressure, there shall be no live metal work on the front
of the main switchboard within 8 ft. of the floor or platform,
and the space provided under Rule No. 2 of this section shall
be not less than 4 ft. in the clear. Insulating floors or mats
shall be provided for medium-pressure boards where live metal
work is on the front or back.
260 I.E.E. WIRING RULES, 1907.
SECTION III.
CABLES.
SECTION IV.
SWITCHES, FUSES, AND CUT OUTS.
31. Fuses and automatic cut-outs shall be so constructed as
effectually to interrupt the current when a short circuit occurs,
262 I.E.E. WIRING RULES, 1907.
SECTION V.
MOTORS.
34. All motors, together with their starting resistances,,
shall be protected by switches capable of entirely cutting off
the pressure, and fixed in a convenient position near the motory
and every motor of 10 b.h.p. or over in a machine room under-
ground shall be provided with a suitable ammeter to indicate
the load put upon the -machine.
35. Where unarmoured cables or wires pass through metal
frames or into boxes or motor casings, the holes must be sub-
stantially bushed with insulating bushes, and, where necessary,,
with gas-tight bushings which cannot readily become displaced.
36. Terminal boxes of portable motors must be securely
attached to .the machine, or be designed to form a part thereof.
37. In any place or part of a mine where General Rule
No. 8 of the Coal Mines Regulation Act, 1887, applies, alL
motors, unless placed in such rooms as are separately ventilated
with intake air, shall have all their current-carrying parts, also-
their starters, terminals, and connections completely enclosed in
flame-tight enclosures, made of uninflammable material, and of
sufficient strength as not to be liable to be damaged should an
explosion of firedamp occur in the interior, and such enclosures
shall not be opened except by an authorised person, and then
H.O. RULES FOR MINES. 263
only when the current is switched off. The pressure shall not
be switched on while the enclosures are open.
38. In any place or part of a mine where General Rule
No. 8 of the Coal Mines Regulation Act, 1887, applies, a safety
lamp or other suitable apparatus for the detection of firedamp
shall be provided for use with each machine when working, and
should any indication of firedamp appear on the flame of the
safety lamp or other apparatus used for the detection of fire-
damp, the person in charge shall immediately stop the machine,
cut off the current at the gate end or nearest switch, and report
the matter to an official of the mine.
39. (a) A coal-cutter motor shall not be kept continuously
at work for a period of time exceeding a maximum period which
shall be specified in writing by the manager, so that the roof
may be carefully examined.
(b) The casing or inspection doors of all portable motors
used underground and the casings of their switches and other
appliances shall at least once a week be opened by a competent
person appointed by the manager, and the parts so disclosed
shall be cleaned and examined before the coverings are replaced.
In special cases requiring a motor to run continuously longer
than one week, the motor shall be examined at the end of the
run. A report of such examination shall be entered in a report
book.
40. The person in charge of a coal-cutter or drilling
machine shall not leave the machine while it is working, and
shall, before leaving the working place, see that the current
is cut off from the trailing cables. He must not allow the
cables to be dragged along by the machine. No repairs shall
be made to any portable machine until the pressure has been
cut off from the trailing cables.
41. If any electric sparking or ate be produced outside a
coal-cutting or other portable motor or by the cables or rails, the
machine shall be stopped, and not be worked again until the
defect is repaired, and the occurrence shall be reported to an
official of the mine.
SECTION VI.
ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES.
42. Electric haulage by locomotives by the trolley wire
system is not permissible in any place or part of a mine where
General Rule No. 8 of the Coal Mines Regulation Act, 1887,
264 LE.E. WIRING RULES, 1907.
SECTION VII.
ELECTRIC LIGHTING.
SECTION VIII.
SHOT-FIRING.
50. Electricity from lighting or power cables shall not be
used for firing shots, except in sinking shafts or stone drifts,
and then only when a special firing plug, button, or switch is
provided, which plug, button, or switch shall be placed in a
fixed locked box, and shall only be accessible to the authorised
shot-firer.
The firing cables or wires shall not be connected to this box
until immediately before it is required for the firing of shots,
and shall be disconnected immediately after the shots are fired.
When shot-firing cables or wires are used in the vicinity of
power or lighting cables, sufficient precautions shall be taken
to prevent the shot-firing cables or wires from coming in
contact with the lighting or power cables.
SECTION X.
ELECTRIC RELIGHTING OF SAFETY LAMPS.
54. In mines to any place or part of which General Rule
No. 8 of the Coal Mines Regulation Act, 1887, applies, when
safety lamps are relighted underground by electricity, the
manager shall select a suitable station or stations, which are not
in the return airway, and in which there is not likely to be any
accumulation of inflammable gas ; and no electric relighting
apparatus shall be used in any other place. All electrical
relighting apparatus shall be securely locked, so as not to be
available for use except by persons authorised by the manager
to relight safety lamps, and such persons shall examine all
safety lamps brought for relighting before they are re-issued.
SECTION XI.
EXEMPTIONS AND MISCELLANEOUS.
55. Notwithstanding anything contained in these rules, any
electrical plant or apparatus installed or in use before the
coming into force of these rules may be continued in use unless
an inspector shall otherwise direct, or subject to any conditions
affecting safety that he may prescribe.
In case any difference of opinion shall arise between an
inspector and an owner under this Rule, the same shall be
settled as provided in section 42 of the Coal Mines Regulation
Act, 1887.
56. Any of the foregoing requirements shall not apply in any
case in which exemption is obtained from the Secretary of
State, on the ground either of emergency or special circum-
stances, on such conditions as the Secretary of State may
prescribe.