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    Understanding YAML: Key-Value Pair

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    muruga
    The document provides information on using YAML for data representation in Ansible. It describes YAML syntax including key-value pairs, dictionaries, lists, Boolean values, and multi-line text. It also discusses using Ansible ad-hoc commands for tasks like parallel execution, file transfer, package management, and gathering system facts. Sample playbooks are given for installing Apache and managing Nginx services.

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    Understanding YAML: Key-Value Pair

    Uploaded by

    muruga
    138 views5 pages
    The document provides information on using YAML for data representation in Ansible. It describes YAML syntax including key-value pairs, dictionaries, lists, Boolean values, and multi-line text. It also discusses using Ansible ad-hoc commands for tasks like parallel execution, file transfer, package management, and gathering system facts. Sample playbooks are given for installing Apache and managing Nginx services.

    Original Description:

    ansible tutorial

    Original Title

    ansible

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    The document provides information on using YAML for data representation in Ansible. It describes YAML syntax including key-value pairs, dictionaries, lists, Boolean values, and multi-line text. It also discusses using Ansible ad-hoc commands for tasks like parallel execution, file transfer, package management, and gathering system facts. Sample playbooks are given for installing Apache and managing Nginx services.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as ODT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as odt, pdf, or txt
    138 views5 pages

    Understanding YAML: Key-Value Pair

    Uploaded by

    muruga
    The document provides information on using YAML for data representation in Ansible. It describes YAML syntax including key-value pairs, dictionaries, lists, Boolean values, and multi-line text. It also discusses using Ansible ad-hoc commands for tasks like parallel execution, file transfer, package management, and gathering system facts. Sample playbooks are given for installing Apache and managing Nginx services.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as odt, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    $ sudo apt-get update

    $ sudo apt-get install software-properties-common


    $ sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ansible/ansible $ sudo apt-get update
    $ sudo apt-get install ansible

    Understanding YAML
    In this section, we will learn the different ways in which the YAML data is
    represented.

    key-value pair
    YAML uses simple key-value pair to represent the data. The dictionary is
    represented in key: value pair.

    Note − There should be space between : and value.

    YAML Syntax

    --- #Optional YAML start syntax


    james:
    name: james john
    rollNo: 34
    div: B
    sex: male
    … #Optional YAML end syntax

    We can also use like this


    James: {name: james john, rollNo: 34, div: B, sex: male}

    Representing List
    We can also represent List in YAML. Every element(member) of list should be
    written in a new line with same indentation starting with “- “ (- and space).

    Example
    ---
    countries:
    - America
    - China
    - Canada
    - Iceland
    …
    Abbreviation

    You can also use abbreviation to represent lists.

    Example
    Countries: [‘America’, ‘China’, ‘Canada’, ‘Iceland’]

    List inside Dictionaries


    We can use list inside dictionaries, i.e., value of key is list.

    Example
    ---
    james:
    name: james john
    rollNo: 34
    div: B
    sex: male
    likes:
    - maths
    - physics
    - english
    …

    List of Dictionaries
    We can also make list of dictionaries.

    Example
    ---
    - james:
    name: james john
    rollNo: 34
    div: B
    sex: male
    likes:
    - maths
    - physics
    - english

    - robert:
    name: robert richardson
    rollNo: 53
    div: B
    sex: male
    likes:
    - biology
    - chemistry
    …

    YAML uses “|” to include newlines while showing multiple lines and “>” to suppress
    newlines while showing multiple lines. Due to this we can read and edit large lines.
    In both the cases intendentation will be ignored.

    We can also represent Boolean (True/false) values in YAML. where boolean values
    can be case insensitive.
    Example
    ---
    - james:
    name: james john
    rollNo: 34
    div: B
    sex: male
    likes:
    - maths
    - physics
    - english

    result:
    maths: 87
    chemistry: 45
    biology: 56
    physics: 70
    english: 80

    passed: TRUE

    messageIncludeNewLines: |
    Congratulation!!
    You passed with 79%

    messageExcludeNewLines: >
    Congratulation!!
    You passed with 79%

    Parallelism and Shell Commands

    Reboot your company server in 12 parallel forks at time. For this, we need to set up
    SSHagent for connection.
    $ ssh-agent bash
    $ ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa

    To run reboot for all your company servers in a group, 'abc', in 12 parallel forks −
    $ Ansible abc -a "/sbin/reboot" -f 12

    By default, Ansible will run the above Ad-hoc commands form current user account.
    If you want to change this behavior, you will have to pass the username in Ad-hoc
    commands as follows −
    $ Ansible abc -a "/sbin/reboot" -f 12 -u username

    File Transfer
    You can use the Ad-hoc commands for doing SCP (Secure Copy Protocol) lots of
    files in parallel on multiple machines.

    Transferring file to many servers/machines


    $ Ansible abc -m copy -a "src = /etc/yum.conf dest = /tmp/yum.conf"
    Creating new directory
    $ Ansible abc -m file -a "dest = /path/user1/new mode = 777 owner = user1 group = user1 state =
    directory"

    Deleting whole directory and files


    $ Ansible abc -m file -a "dest = /path/user1/new state = absent"

    Managing Packages
    The Ad-hoc commands are available for yum and apt. Following are some Ad-hoc
    commands using yum.

    The following command checks if yum package is installed or not, but does not
    update it.
    $ Ansible abc -m yum -a "name = demo-tomcat-1 state = present"

    The following command check the package is not installed.


    $ Ansible abc -m yum -a "name = demo-tomcat-1 state = absent"

    The following command checks the latest version of package is installed.


    $ Ansible abc -m yum -a "name = demo-tomcat-1 state = latest"

    Gathering Facts
    Facts can be used for implementing conditional statements in playbook. You can find
    adhoc information of all your facts through the following Ad-hoc command −
    $ Ansible all -m setup

    Example:

    Sample Playbook for apache installation


    ---
    - hosts: apache

    sudo: yes

    tasks:

    - name: install apache2

    apt: name=apache2 update_cache=yes state=latest

    - name: enabled mod_rewrite

    apache2_module: name=rewrite state=present


    notify:

    - restart apache2

    handlers:

    - name: restart apache2

    service: name=apache2 state=restarted

    Examples:
    ---
    - hosts: 127.0.0.1
    connection: local
    tasks:
    - name: ensure nginx is at the latest version
    apt: name=nginx state=present
    - name: start nginx
    service:
    name: nginx
    state: stopped
    ...

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