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COGM COGS Formula PDF

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Cost of Goods Manufactured and Sold

Statement Formulas:
Prime Cost = Direct Materials Cost + Direct Labor Cost

Total Factory Cost or Manufacturing Cost = Direct Materials + Direct Labor Cost + Factory
Overhead

Conversion Cost = Direct Labor Cost + Factory Overhead Cost

Cost of Goods Manufactured (COGM) = Total Factory Cost + Opening Work in Process
Inventory - Ending Work in Process Inventory
Or
Cost of Goods manufactured = Direct materials cost + Direct labor cost + Factory overhead
cost + Opening work in process inventory - Ending work in process inventory

Cost of goods sold (COGS) = Cost of goods manufactured + Opening finished goods
inventory - Ending finished goods inventory
Or
Cost of goods sold = Direct materials cost + Direct labor cost + Factory overhead cost +
Opening work in process inventory - Ending work in process inventory + Opening finished
goods inventory - Ending finished goods inventory

Number of units manufactured = Units sold + Ending Finished Goods units - Opening
finished goods units

Per unit cost of goods manufactured = Cost of goods manufactured / Units manufactured

Materials used or consumed = Opening inventory or materials + Net purchases of materials


- Ending inventory of materials

Income statement formulas:


Gross profit = Net sales - Cost of goods sold

Operating profit = Gross profit - Operating expenses

Operating or commercial expenses = Selling or marketing expenses + General or


administrative expenses

Per unit gross profit = Gross profit / No. of units sold

Per unit net profit = Net profit / No. of units sold

Percentage of GP to sales = (Gross profit / Net sales) × 100

Percentage of net profit to sales = (Net profit / Net sales) × 100


Cost Volume Profit (CVP) Formulas:
Contribution margin = Sales - Variable expenses (manufacturing and non-manufacturing)

Net operating income = Contribution margin - Fixed expenses (manufacturing and non
manufacturing)

Contribution margin ratio = Contribution margin / Sales

Break even point (units) = Fixed expenses / Unit contribution margin

Break even point (dollar sales) = Fixed expenses / CM ratio

Units sales to attain target profit = (Fixed expenses + Target profit) / Unit contribution
margin

Dollar sales to attain target profit = (Fixed expenses + Target profit) / Contribution margin
ratio

Margin of safety = Total budgeted or actual sales - Break even sales

Margin of safety percentage or margin of safety ratio = Margin of safety / Total budgeted or
actual sales

Degree of operating leverage = Contribution margin / Net operating income

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