1) The velocity profile for flow in an annular tube is given.
2) It is shown that the no-slip condition is satisfied at both the inner and outer walls.
3) The location of zero shear stress is found to be at a radial position of 13.7 mm.
4) Expressions are derived for the viscous forces on the inner and outer surfaces in terms of the problem parameters.
1) The velocity profile for flow in an annular tube is given.
2) It is shown that the no-slip condition is satisfied at both the inner and outer walls.
3) The location of zero shear stress is found to be at a radial position of 13.7 mm.
4) Expressions are derived for the viscous forces on the inner and outer surfaces in terms of the problem parameters.
1) The velocity profile for flow in an annular tube is given.
2) It is shown that the no-slip condition is satisfied at both the inner and outer walls.
3) The location of zero shear stress is found to be at a radial position of 13.7 mm.
4) Expressions are derived for the viscous forces on the inner and outer surfaces in terms of the problem parameters.
1) The velocity profile for flow in an annular tube is given.
2) It is shown that the no-slip condition is satisfied at both the inner and outer walls.
3) The location of zero shear stress is found to be at a radial position of 13.7 mm.
4) Expressions are derived for the viscous forces on the inner and outer surfaces in terms of the problem parameters.
Find: Whether no-slip is satisfied; location of zeroshear stress; viscous forces
Solution: ⎛ 2 2 ⎞ 2 Ro − Ri ⎜ ⋅ ln⎛⎜ ⎞ 1 ∆p2 r The velocity profile is u z( r) = ⋅ ⋅ Ri − r − 4⋅ μ L ⎜ ⎛ Ri ⎞ ⎝ Ri ⎠ ⎟ ⎜ ln⎜ ⎝ ⎝ Ro ⎠ ⎠
⎛ ⎛ Ro ⎞ ⎞ 2 2 Ro − Ri Check the no-slip condition. When r = Ro u z( R o ) = 1 ∆p ⋅ ⎜ 2 2 ⋅ Ri − Ro − ⋅ ln⎜ 4⋅ μ L ⎜ ⎛ Ri ⎞ ⎝ Ri ⎠ ⎟ ⎜ ln⎜ ⎝ ⎝ Ro ⎠ ⎠ 1 ∆p ⎡ 2 ( ) ⋅ R − Ro + ⎛ Ro − Ri ⎞⎤ = 0 2 2 2 u z Ro = ⋅ 4⋅ μ L ⎣ i ⎝ ⎠⎦
⎛ ⎛ Ri ⎞ ⎞ 2 2 Ro − Ri When r = Ri u z( R i ) = 1 ⋅ ⎜ ∆p 2 2 ⋅ Ri − Ri − ⋅ ln⎜ =0 4⋅ μ L ⎜ ⎛ Ri ⎞ Ri ⎟ ⎝ ⎠ ⎜ ln⎜ ⎝ ⎝ ⎠ Ro ⎠ The no-slip condition is satisfied.
The given data is Ri = 5 ⋅ mm Ro = 25⋅ mm ∆p = 125 ⋅ kPa L = 2⋅ m
N⋅ s The viscosity of the honey is μ = 5⋅ 2 m The plot looks like
25 Radial Position (mm)
20
15
10
0 0.25 0.5 0.75
Velocity (m/s)
du For each, shear stress is given by τrx = μ⋅ dr
⎡ ⎛ 2 2 ⎞⎤ duz( r) 2 Ro − Ri ⎢ ⋅ ln⎛⎜ ⎞ ⎥ d 1 ∆p ⎜ 2 r τrx = μ⋅ = μ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ Ri − r − dr dr ⎢ 4 ⋅ μ L ⎜ ⎛ Ri ⎞ ⎝ Ri ⎠ ⎟⎥ ⎢ ⎜ ln⎜ ⎥ ⎣ ⎝ ⎝ Ro ⎠ ⎠⎦
⎛ Ro − Ri 2 2⎞ 1 ∆p ⎜ Hence τrx = ⋅ ⋅ −2 ⋅ r − 4 L ⎜ ⎛ Ri ⎞ ⎟ ⎜ ln⎜ ⋅r ⎝ ⎝ Ro ⎠ ⎠ 2 2 2 2 Ro − Ri Ri − Ro −2 ⋅ r − =0 or r = r = 13.7⋅ mm For zero stress ⎛ Ri ⎞ ⎛ Ri ⎞ ln⎜ ⋅r 2 ⋅ ln⎜ ⎝ Ro ⎠ ⎝ Ro ⎠
⎛ Ro − Ri ⎞ 2 2 On the outer surface 1 ∆p ⎜ Fo = τrx⋅ A = ⋅ ⋅ −2 ⋅ Ro − ⋅ 2 ⋅ π⋅ R o ⋅ L 4 L ⎜ ⎛ Ri ⎞ ⎟ ⎜ ln⎜ ⋅ Ro ⎝ ⎝ Ro ⎠ ⎠
⎛ 2 2⎞ ⎜ 2 Ro − Ri Fo = ∆p⋅ π⋅ −Ro − ⎜ ⎛ Ri ⎞ ⎟ ⎜ 2 ⋅ ln⎜ ⎝ ⎝ Ro ⎠ ⎠ ⎡ ⎢ ⎡⎣( 25⋅ mm) 2 − ( 5⋅ mm) 2⎤⎦ × ⎛⎜ 1 ⋅ m ⎞ 2 ⎢ ⋅ ⎝ 1000⋅ mm ⎠ × π × −⎛⎜ 25⋅ mm × ⎞ − 3 N 1 m Fo = 125 × 10 ⋅ ⎢⎝ 1000⋅ mm ⎠ 2 ⋅ ln⎛⎜ ⎞ 2 5 m ⎢ ⎣ ⎝ 25 ⎠
Fo = −172 N
⎛ Ro − Ri ⎞ 2 2 1 ∆p ⎜ On the inner surface Fi = τrx⋅ A = ⋅ ⋅ −2 ⋅ Ri − ⋅ 2 ⋅ π⋅ R i ⋅ L 4 L ⎜ ⎛ Ri ⎞ ⎟ ⎜ ln⎜ ⋅ Ri ⎝ ⎝ Ro ⎠ ⎠
⎛ 2 2⎞ ⎜ 2 Ro − Ri Fi = ∆p⋅ π⋅ −Ri − ⎜ ⎛ Ri ⎞ ⎟ ⎜ 2 ⋅ ln⎜ ⎝ ⎝ Ro ⎠ ⎠
⎡ 2⎤ ⎛ 1 ⋅ m ⎞ 2 ⎢ ⎡ ⎣( 25⋅ mm) 2 − ( 5 ⋅ mm ) ⎦ ⎜ × 2 ⎢ 1⋅ m ⎞ ⎝ 1000⋅ mm ⎠ × π × −⎛⎜ 5 ⋅ mm × 3 N Hence Fi = 125 × 10 ⋅ − ⎢⎝ 1000⋅ mm ⎠ 2 ⋅ ln⎛⎜ ⎞ 2 5 m ⎢ ⎣ ⎝ 25 ⎠
Fi = 63.4 N
∆p⋅ π⋅ ⎛ Ro − Ri 2 2⎞ Fo − Fi = −236 N ⎠ = 236 N Note that and ⎝
