Good Day Class

A. Work this quiz at your home, and submit your answer to Jenny. So, Jenny will send
me all of your answers in folder by my email.

B. Work the task by yourself, don’t share your answer to your friends.

C. Answer the quis by your own words!

D. The lecturer do not give the score for the same answer of the students

Instruction!

Read the following texts, and answer the question below!

A. The Effects of Stress

There is a famous expression in English: "Stop the world, I want to get off!"
This expression refers to a feeling of panic, or stress, that makes a person
want to stop whatever they are doing, try to relax, and become calm again.
'Stress' means pressure or tension. It is one of the most common causes of
health problems in modern life. Too much stress results in physical,
emotional, and mental health problems.

There are numerous physical effects of stress. Stress can affect the heart. It can
increase the pulse rate, make the heart miss beats, and can cause high blood
pressure. Stress can affect the respiratory system. It can lead to asthma. It can
cause a person to breathe too fast, resulting in a loss of important carbon
dioxide. Stress can affect the stomach. It can cause stomach aches and
problems digesting food. These are only a few examples of the wide range of
illnesses and symptoms resulting from stress.

Emotions are also easily affected by stress. People suffering from stress often
feel anxious. They may have panic attacks. They may feel tired all the time.
When people are under stress, they often overreact to little problems. For
example, a normally gentle parent under a lot of stress at work may yell at a
child for dropping a glass of juice. Stress can make people angry, moody, or
nervous.
Long-term stress can lead to a variety of serious mental illnesses. Depression,
an extreme feeling of sadness and hopelessness, can be the result of continued
and increasing stress. Alcoholism and other addictions often develop as a result
of overuse of alcohol or drugs to try to relieve stress. Eating disorders, such as
anorexia, are sometimes caused by stress and are often made worse by stress. If
stress is allowed to continue, then one's mental health is put at risk.

It is obvious that stress is a serious problem. It attacks the body. It affects the
emotions. Untreated, it may eventually result in mental illness. Stress has a
great influence on the health and well-being of our bodies, our feelings, and
our minds. So, reduce stress: stop the world and rest for a while.

Question:

1. Based on the text, what is a common problem caused by stress?

2. According to the essay, which of the parts of body have physical
problems caused by stress?
3. How stress can affect the emotions?
4. What kind of serious mental illness can result of long-term stress?
5. Explain how alcoholism is caused by stress?
6. Summarize the text above become one paragraph!

B. Causes of Floods

Floods are second only to fire as the most common of all natural disasters. They
occur almost everywhere in the world, resulting in widespread damage and even
death. Consequently, scientists have long tried to perfect their ability to predict
floods. So far, the best that scientists can do is to recognize the potential for
flooding in certain conditions. There are a number of conditions, from deep
snow on the ground to human error, that cause flooding.

When deep snow melts it creates a large amount of water. Although deep snow
alone rarely causes floods, when it occurs together with heavy rain and sudden
warmer weather it can lead to serious flooding. If there is a fast snow melt on
top of frozen or very wet ground, flooding is more likely to occur than when the
ground is not frozen. Frozen ground or ground that is very wet and already
saturated with water cannot absorb the additional water created by the melting
snow. Melting snow also contributes to high water levels in rivers and streams.
Whenever rivers are already at their full capacity of water, heavy rains will result
in the rivers overflowing and flooding the surrounding land.

Rivers that are covered in ice can also lead to flooding. When ice begins to melt,
the surface of the ice cracks and breaks into large pieces. These pieces of ice
move and float down the river. They can form a dam in the river, causing the
water behind the dam to rise and flood the land upstream. If the dam breaks
suddenly, then the large amount of water held behind the dam can flood the
areas downstream too.

Broken ice dams are not the only dam problems that can cause flooding. When a
large human-made dam breaks or fails to hold the water collected behind it, the
results can be devastating. Dams contain such huge amounts of water behind
them that when sudden breaks occur, the destructive force of the water is like a
great tidal wave. Unleashed dam waters can travel tens of kilometers, cover the
ground in meters of mud and debris, and drown and crush everything and
creature in their path.

Although scientists cannot always predict exactly when floods will occur, they
do know a great deal about when floods are likely, or probably, going to occur.
Deep snow, ice-covered rivers, and weak dams are all strong conditions for
potential flooding. Hopefully, this knowledge of why floods happen can help us
reduce the damage they cause.

Questions:

1. What does the article tells about?

2. What cases are as causes for floods in the reading passage?
3. How does deep snow cause flooding?
4. A broken human-made dam is compared to what?
5. Describes how a frozen river can cause a flood.
6. How far can dam water travel when it is unleashed from a broken dam?
7. Why does saturated ground contribute to flooding problems?
8. What kinds of problems can floods cause?
9. How does melting snow cause problems related to the flood?
 C. Culture Shock

You have read about Romulus and Remus whose culture shock came when they
went back to the world of human beings after being raised by a wolf. Tarzan's
culture shock came when he discovered that he was not a "white ape" but a
human being. Emily Carr preferred the culture of the First Nations people and
the life she led on her explorations to the dresses and polite conversations of
her own culture. You now know that First Nations culture did not include school
or even business activity, people spent most of their time in nature or around
the fire of their home talking, telling stories and making the things they needed
to survive.

Psychologists tell us that there are five basic stages that human beings pass
through when they enter and live in a new culture. This process, which helps us
to deal with culture shock, is the way our brain and our personality reacts to the
strange new things we encounter when we move from one culture to another. If
our culture involves bowing when we greet someone, we may feel very
uncomfortable in a culture that does not involve bowing. If the language we use
when talking to someone in our own culture is influenced by levels of formality
based on the other person's age and status, it may be difficult for us to feel
comfortable communicating with people in the new culture.

Culture begins with the "honeymoon stage". This is the period of time when we
first arrive in which everything about the new culture is strange and exciting. We
may be suffering from "jet lag" but we are thrilled to be in the new environment,
seeing new sights, hearing new sounds and language, eating new kinds of food.
This honeymoon stage can last for quite a long time because we feel we are
involved in some kind of great adventure.

Unfortunately, the second stage of culture shock can be more difficult. After we
have settled down into our new life, working or studying, buying groceries,
doing laundry, or living with a home-stay family, we can become very tired and
begin to miss our homeland and our family, girlfriend/boyfriend, pets. All the
little problems that everybody in life has seem to be much bigger and more
disturbing when you face them in a foreign culture. This period of cultural
adjustment can be very difficult and lead to the new arrival rejecting or pulling
away from the new culture. This "rejection stage" can be quite dangerous
because the visitor may develop unhealthy habits (smoking and drinking too
much, being too concerned over food or contact with people from the new
culture). This can, unfortunately lead to the person getting sick or developing
skin infections or rashes which then makes the person feel even more scared
and confused and helpless. This stage is considered a crisis in the process of
cultural adjustment and many people choose to go back to their homeland or
spend all their time with people from their own culture speaking their native
language.

The third stage of culture shock is called the "adjustment stage". This is when
you begin to realize that things are not so bad in the host culture. Your sense of
humour usually becomes stronger and you realize that you are becoming
stronger by learning to take care of yourself in the new place. Things are still
difficult, but you are now a survivor!

The fourth stage can be called "at ease at last". Now you feel quite comfortable
in your new surroundings. You can cope with most problems that occur. You
may still have problems with the language, but you know you are strong enough
to deal with them. If you meet someone from your country who has just arrived,
you can be the expert on life in the new culture and help them to deal with their
culture shock.

There is a fifth stage of culture shock which many people don't know about.
This is called "reverse culture shock". Surprisingly, this occurs when you go back
to your native culture and find that you have changed and that things there have
changed while you have been away. Now you feel a little uncomfortable back
home. Life is a struggle!

Question:

1. What is the text above tell about?

2. Based on the text above, there are five stages that human beings pass
through when they enter and live in a new culture. Explain them in briefly
by your own words!
 D. THE SAN FRANCISCO EARTHQUAKE
When James Marshall found gold in a Californian village on 24 January 1848,
nearby San Francisco was a very small town. Marshall’s discovery started a
Gold Rush, and thousands of people travelled to California from all over the
USA and from overseas. In less than 50 years, San Francisco became the largest
city on the west coast of the USA. But in 1906, the San Francisco earthquake
destroyed most of the city …
The people of San Francisco were asleep when the earthquake happened at
5.12am on Wednesday, 18 April 1906. The earthquake wasn’t long, only a
minute, but it was extremely strong. A fire started after the earthquake and
spread quickly. Everything was very dry, and the firefighters didn’t have any
water. People think that the fire caused 90% of the damage to the city.
A photographer called Arnold Genthe walked round the city and took pictures of
the fire. His most famous picture shows people in Sacramento Street as they
watched the smoke. ‘Some stood and others sat on chairs,’ said Genthe. ‘When
the flames came closer to them, they carried their chairs up the street. Then they
sat down again.’
The fire burnt for four days. By the evening of Saturday, 21 April, there weren’t
many buildings left in San Francisco. The fire destroyed 500 blocks in the city
centre, and 250,000 people lost their homes. At the time, the government
reported only 375 deaths. But now people think that at least 3,000 died in the
earthquake and fire.

Questions:
1. When did the dramatic event happen?
2. What caused the damage?
3. Who documented the event?
4. How many buildings were destroyed?
5. How many people died?
6. When James Marshall discovered gold in San Francisco
 E. SMART MUSIC
There are now more and more ways of listening to music. Many people now
listen to music on their smartphones. But do you know what a smartwatch is?
Smartwatches do far more than tell the time; they also enable you to control the
music you’re listening to. They are part of what people call ‘wearable
technology’, like Google glasses.

On a smartwatch you can make phone calls, read emails and texts, and answer
them. Some smartwatches have voice recognition, so you can speak your reply
to a text, and others have a camera. Soon everyone will want a smartwatch.

But there are two problems. The first is that having so many functions on a
small device means that the battery life is short. The battery will need a
recharge every two days or so. The second is that a smartwatch is not stand-
alone. In other words, you will still need to have a smartphone. The watch talks
to your phone using Bluetooth.

So why get one? Well, you won’t miss calls when your phone is in your bag and
you don’t hear it. And you won’t have to look for your phone when you get a
call or a text.

Now correct the false sentences about Smart Music. Just give (F) or (C)

1. You can listen to music on a smartwatch

2. Every smartwatch can take pictures
3. The battery needs frequent recharges because a smartwatch is a small
multi-functional device.
4. If you don’t have a smartphone, you won’t be able to use a smartwatch.
5. Sue’s smartwatch has voice recognition.
6. Martin has two problems with his smartwatch: its size and its price.
7. How can you conclude the text above?
 F. Ramadan
Ramadan is a very special time for Muslims all over the world. Observing
Ramadan is one of the five 'pillars' of Islam. During Ramadan, all Muslims
over the age of about 12, with some exceptions, are expected to fast
between dawn and sunset. (idea)

Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar, which follows the
phases of the moon. This means the dates of Ramadan change each year.
The month starts when the new crescent moon is first visible in the night
sky. Fasting ends with the arrival of the next lunar month, which starts with
the first glimpse of the new crescent moon.

During Ramadan, the day starts early so that people can eat a pre-fast meal
before dawn. This meal, called Suhoor, is important as it will keep them
going through the day. During daylight hours, fasting Muslims cannot eat
food or drink water or any other drinks. In late spring or early summer, this
is particularly difficult as the day can be very long. People who live in polar
regions, where daylight can last 22 hours or more, can choose to follow the
dawn and sunset times in Mecca or a nearby country where the sky is dark at
night.

Not all Muslims are expected to fast. Children under the age of 12, people
who are travelling, elderly people, pregnant women and others where it may
affect their health are exempt. Those who can't fast for any reason can offer
to feed poor people for each day they miss during Ramadan.

People can eat and drink again once the sun has set. The traditional way to
break the fast is by eating dates and drinking a glass of water. Then, the
evening meal, Iftar, is a social event that can go on for hours. It is common
for people to eat together in large groups of family and friends. Special foods
are prepared and shared, and desserts are particularly popular. Muslims
often include charity in Iftar as well, sharing Iftar with members of the
community who cannot buy or make their own food. Across the Muslim
world, mosques and aid organisations set up tents and tables for the public
in poorer communities to eat free Iftar meals every night of Ramadan.

Muslims fast during Ramadan to bring them closer to God and to remind
them of the suffering of people who are less fortunate than themselves.
Fasting is an exercise in self-control. As well as not eating, drinking or
smoking, Muslims try to avoid bad actions, like talking about people behind
their backs or using bad language. Ramadan is a time for people to work on
being more patient, more tolerant and more mindful of the people around
them. It is a moment to reflect and work on being better people.

Many Muslims also donate money to charities during the month, and a lot of
Islamic charities organise food packs for people in poorer countries or
refugee camps. Giving donations to charity, known as Zakat, is particularly
important during the holy month, and so is prayer, meditation and reading
the Qur'an.

Eid ul-Fitr marks the end of the month of fasting. There are many Eid
traditions, mainly centred around family, food, generosity and festivities. On
Eid ul-Fitr, Muslims wake up early and dress in their finest clothes to attend
the Eid prayers. After prayers, they wish each other a happy Eid ('Eid
Mubarak' in Arabic) before spending the rest of the day with their extended
families, enjoying good food and sharing gifts with children and loved ones.

Questions:

1. What do mean about Ramadan?

2. When does Ramadan take place?
3. Why are all muslims expected to fast?
4. How do people fast?
5. When and how the people breaking the fast?
6. Do you think Ramadan happens at the same time every year? Give the
reason if yes or no!
7. What the purposes of Fasting during Ramadan?
8. When do the Muslim people do Suhoor ?
9. How is the end of Ramadan celebrated?

# Good Luck#