USM Vision Plus Operating Manual
USM Vision Plus Operating Manual
USM Vision Plus Operating Manual
110N1532 Rev. 3
July 2015
Krautkramer USM Vision+
Portable Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing
User’s Manual
110N1532 Rev. 3
(Software Version 9.4.1)
July 2015
www.gemeaasurement.com
ii
Contents
Chapter 4. Calibration
4.1 Calibrating a 0° Linear Scan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
4.2 Calibrating a 20° Linear Scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
4.3 Calibrating a -20° to 20° Sector Scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
4.4 Calibrating a 40° to 70° Sector Scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
4.4.1 Creating a Dual Sector Scan for Weld Inspection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
4.5 Sensitivity Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
4.5.1 1-point TCG (0° Linear Scan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
4.5.2 1-point TCG = ACG (40° to 70° Sector Scan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
4.6 Sector Scan TCG Recording . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
4.6.1 Verifying TCG Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
4.6.2 TCG Amplitude Evaluation Levels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
4.6.3 Echo Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
4.7 Encoder Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Chapter 5. Specifications
5.1 General Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
5.2 I/O Connector (LEMO ECG.2B.314.CLV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Appendix D. Glossary
Important Notice
The information in this section must be read and understood by all users of
GE Measurement & Control ultrasonic test equipment. Failure to follow these
instructions can lead to errors in measurements or other test results. Decisions based
on erroneous results can, in turn, lead to property damage, personal injury or death.
General Warnings
Proper use of ultrasonic test equipment requires three essential elements:
• Selection of the correct test equipment
• Knowledge of the specific “test application requirements”
• Operator training about welds
This operating manual provides instruction in the basic setup and operation of the
GE equipment. There are, however, additional factors which affect the use of
ultrasonic test equipment. Specific information regarding these additional factors is
beyond the scope of this manual. The operator should refer to textbooks on the
subject of ultrasonic testing for more detailed information.
Operator Training
Operators must receive adequate training before using ultrasonic test equipment.
Operators must be trained in general ultrasonic testing procedures and in the setup
and performance required by a particular test. Operators must understand:
• Sound wave propagation theory
• Effects of the velocity of sound in the test material
• Behavior of the sound wave where two different materials are in contact
• Areas covered by the sound beam
More specific information about operator training, qualification, certification, and
test specifications is available from various technical societies, industry groups, and
government agencies.
Testing Limitations
In ultrasonic testing, information is obtained only from within the limits of the
sound beam. Operators must exercise great caution in making inferences about the
test material outside the limits of the sound beam. For example, when testing large
materials, it may be impossible or impractical to inspect the entire test piece.
Operators must be familiar with the use of ultrasonic couplants. Testing skills must
be developed so that couplant is used and applied in a consistent manner to
minimize variations in couplant layer thickness and errors in test results. Calibration
and actual testing should be performed under similar coupling conditions, using a
minimum amount of couplant and applying consistent pressure on the transducer.
Safety Information
ATTENTION! This instrument is designed only for materials
testing. Any use for medical applications or other purposes is
not allowed.
Software
According to the current state of the art, software is never completely free from
errors. Before using any software-controlled test equipment, please make sure that
the required functions operate perfectly in the intended application.
Observe the plus (+) and minus (-) marks on battery and
equipment and ensure correct use.
Service
The ultrasonic flaw detector USM Vision+ is manufactured by:
Should you nevertheless detect an error on your instrument, power the instrument
off and remove the batteries. Inform your local GE customer service and support,
indicating the error and describing it.
Keep the shipping container for any repairs possibly required which cannot be made
on the spot.
If there is anything special that you would like to know about the use, handling,
operation, and specifications of the instruments, please contact your nearest GE
representative or contact one of the service centers listed on the rear cover of this
manual.
Typographical Conventions
Note: These paragraphs provide additional information about the topic which is
helpful but is not essential to proper completion of the task.
Users enter data via either a touchscreen, or through six soft buttons (F1-F6) located
below the screen, and two trackballs.
Note: This manual is subject to revision to reflect product updates and additions.
Please contact your local sales agent or visit our web page,
www.ge-mcs.com, to find the most recent revision.
2
1
3
7
6
5
4
Figure 2: USM Vision Front Panel
1
2
4
3
Important: Place the USM Vision+ on a stable flat surface. When operating on a
stable flat surface, make sure that the stand is secure, and do not
touch the instrument on its back. Due to the applied force, the prop-up
stand might move and could either snap to the back or the instrument
could drop on the surface. When opening the handle, be sure to grasp
it firmly to avoid unwanted movements.
The device is intended for indoor or outdoor use. Select a suitable location for
installation that guarantees meeting the environmental conditions. The ambient
temperature must be between 0 and +45°C. The relative humidity must not exceed
95%.
Because the USM Vision+ generates heat during operation, ensure that there is
adequate ventilation and enough clearance between the unit and heat-sensitive
objects or equipment.
Avoid direct heat, heat accumulation and overheating by direct sunlight or other
heat sources. Ensure that there is adequate and unhindered circulation of air.
Ensure that no dirt or only dry, nonconducting dirt accumulates on the instrument,
in particular at the connectors.
When connecting probes having only one transducer element, you can use either
connector socket. The connectors for transmitter and receiver are marked with a red
ring (= receiver) and a black ring (= transmitter).
The power supply unit provided is intended only for indoor operation.
Connect the USM Vision+ to the mains socket-outlet using the external power
supply with the appropriate power cable. The socket connector is under the cover on
the top side of the USM Vision+. Proceed as follows:
• Loosen the knurled screw in the cover on the top side of the instrument and
open the cover completely.
• Plug the Lemo connector of the external power supply unit into the socket
connector +15V until it snaps into place with a clearly-audible click.
• When pulling off the Lemo plug, withdraw the metal bushing on the plug
first in order to release the lock.
• When transporting the USM Vision+, always shut the cover and fasten the
knurled screw.
Note: When powering from mains operation, it is recommended that you use a
battery in the USM Vision+ in order to prevent a system failure and data
loss in case of a power failure.
Charging lithium-ion batteries is also possible with the external battery charger
recommended and provided by GE Measurement & Control.
Note: You will find information on how to handle the external battery charger in
the documentation supplied with the charger.
2.5 Interfaces
Three USB sockets, a VGA socket and one network interface are located behind the
cover on the top side of the USM Vision+.
Important: Do not use the USB Type B connector, as it may damage the USM
Vision+ or your computer.
Note: You will find information on the relevant software in the documentation
provided by the device manufacturer.
2.5.2 Network
For data transfer, you can connect the USM Vision+ with to Ethernet network. The
basic network functions are already set up, but have to be adapted and configured to
specific local network requirements.
Each trackball has a large button and a small button. Buttons on both sides of the
trackball have the same function. The big button confirms any selection or performs
the action of the button having the focus, while the small button cancels an action.
You can operate both trackballs simultaneously, such as moving the focus with the
right trackball while triggering functions with the buttons of the left trackball.
2.6.2 Touchscreen
The USM Vision+ is equipped with a touchscreen, enabling direct operation of the
menus appearing on the screen. This operation by direct touch replaces operation by
means of a mouse (selecting and clicking). A mouse pointer is therefore not
necessary. To select or to mark an element of the user interface, just touch the
corresponding point of the screen briefly.
After you first receive the USM Vision+, you must insert the batteries into the
battery compartment on the bottom of the unit. You must then charge the batteries,
using the power supply included with the unit. When you start the USM Vision+,
you will need a user name and password from your system administrator to log onto
the system. Before beginning an inspection, you must also import an inspection
plan into the unit from a linked PC or USB memory stick and attach the probe to the
port at the top of the USM Vision+.
Once loaded, the screen displays two security levels: Inspector and Administrator
(complete access), as shown in Figure 5 on page 12. For additional entry levels
please refer to Appendix A of this manual.
Then press General. The General Settings option (shown in Figure 12 below)
opens.
Note: If you are contacting GE for service, please have all system information
data ready to simplify remote assistance.
From the Main Menu, you have two options to close the USM Vision+: Logout or
Shutdown.
• Selecting Shutdown will shut down the entire system.
• Selecting Logout will log off the current user.
Note: To switch off the USM Vision+ without shutting down the software or the
operating system, keep the Power button on the front panel depressed for at
least 4 seconds.
Switching off without shutting down the software may be required as an extreme
exception to this procedure (e.g., if the instrument no longer responds). In this case,
all unsaved data is lost.
The available menus are presented sequentially in this chapter, but you may proceed
directly to any specific menu. To do so, see the Menu Map in Figure 15 on page 20
and follow the instructions in the appropriate section:
Probe
Gates
Calibration Delay - Setup Delay - Record TCG - Setup TCG - Record TCG - Verify TCG – Levels
The Phased Array Menu (cont.)
TOFD:
The available options for this menu are listed in Table 4 below.
You can select up to six readings (each from 20 parameters) for display on the
screen. The available options for this menu are listed in Table 6 below.
The available options for this sub-menu are listed in Table 7 below.
In the Color Range menu, the operator can specify the upper value for the selected
color range, select a predefined color for it, or modify the RGB value of the color in
the selected range.
Range End [% LSH] will be replaced by Range End [%Depth displayed] for
predefined depth palettes and changes Range End [mm] for the "Custom" depth
palette. Range End [mm] is valid from 0.0 to 6000.0 (as is RangeEnd in
UT->Range).
Color Index value is limited from 1 to "Number of Colors". With color control, the
user selects from a list of seven predefined colors: black, red, green, blue, yellow,
white and gray. Changing any of the red, green or blue values will set Color to
Custom. Values for red, green and blue controls range from 0 to 255.
3.5.1g Storage
The selected Color Palette Names, along with their characteristics, will be stored in
the settings file. Thus, after loading an instrument setting or a scan, the color
definitions remain as they were when the file was stored.
The predefined color bars in the instrument are displayed in Figure 23 above. The
"Custom" color palette is displayed as it is initially set before the operator has
started to change it.
The Color Palette for Depth values (Figure 25) appears at the right side of the
A-Scan. On any signal peak (or flank event) in the A-Scan, the color that will be
displayed within the Top-View will show up at the same horizontal position in the
color bar. The Depth Color Bar is only displayed when "Depth Mode" is selected as
Data Type for the Top-View. Depth Color Palette is not displayed at all when
calibrating Delay or TCG.
In USM Vision+ ver. 9.4.0, users could specify the first probe element where the
first beam aperture should start. The pattern contained all apertures starting at the
first element and the following probe elements, until the last element of the aperture
reached the last element of the probe. Therefore the first element of the aperture
increased by one from beam to beam.
With version 9.4.1, the operator can set the increment to a value other than one.The
pattern can thus contain a lower number of beams, because the USM Vision +
reaches the last probe element more quickly.
Number of Beams =
(Number of Probe Elements - (Start Element -1) - Aperture) / Linear Step + 1
Sound velocity measurement is the topmost calibration menu. The interface appears
similar to Figure 27 above.
The operator enters backwall, radius, side drilled hole or flat bottom hole as Ref.
Type, and the distances /depths of the two reference reflectors as Ref. Dist D1 and
Ref. Dist D2. In addition, if the scan is other than sector, the operator needs to select
the beam for the measurement in the Display Views menu.
The instrument will set the natural beam angle when the operator presses the
START-button. Beam selection will be grayed out while sound velocity
measurement is active. The operator can choose the threshold of gate A as well as
the TOF measurement mode for gate A. Peak-mode is the typical setting for sound
velocity measurement.
In the example on the following pages, the linear probe 115-000-766 has been used
on a 10 mm aluminum plate, started with 6400 m/s as material velocity in menu
Part. When pressing the START-button, the instrument switches gate A on, and sets
it around the first reference distance (Start = D1 - 2 mm, if possible, and width = 4
mm).
At any time the sound velocity measurement can be canceled by pressing the
CANCEL button. In this case, the former layout, start and width of gate A are
restored.
The Set UT range button enables users to quickly set a UT range around the two
reference distances / depths, when the current display does not show them:
Range start = (D1 - 2mm) - 0.25 * ((D2 + 2mm) - (D1 - 2mm))
Range end = (D2 + 2mm) + 0.25 * ((D2 + 2mm) - (D1 - 2mm)).
The operator now maximizes the first reference echo, and presses the STORE D1
button: The instrument will display the message “Measured TOF is invalid”, when
no echo has been detected in Gate A (This should only occur when the echo does
not intersect the gate bar in case of gate TOF measurement mode = flank, or in case
of “loss of echo in interface gate”, when range trigger = IF in menu range, which are
not typical settings for sound velocity measurement).
The instrument records the TOF of the highest echo of the envelope curve, within
the TOF range given by gate A start to gate A end, when the measured TOF value is
valid and positions gate A around the value of 'Ref Dist. D2' (Start = D2 - 2 mm, if
possible, and Width = 4 mm).
The operator now maximizes the second reference echo, and presses the STORE D2
button: The instrument will display the message “Measured TOF is invalid”, when
no echo has been detected in Gate A (for the same reasons as mentioned in D1
above).
The instrument records the TOF of the highest echo of the envelope curve, within
the TOF range given by gate A start to gate A end, when the measured TOF value is
valid, and calculates the sound velocity according to formula (2) of M. Berke
related document, and displays it as grayed out as Sound Velo (see Figure 30 on the
next page).
The operator can now accept the measured sound velocity or cancel the value to
repeat the steps as desired.
With ACCEPT the measured sound velocity is confirmed and assigned to the actual
part’s material velocity. The delay law calculation is then automatically applied, and
the sound velocity measurement is complete. The former layout, start and width of
gate A are restored, and a V-icon, which is not inverted, will be shown.
The V-icon will be shown as long as the delay law calculation will not be called
again. As a result, the part material velocity is stored, but the state “sound velocity
was measured” is not stored, so that the V-icon will not be shown after re-load.
To enable this mode, operators must select a linear scan with phasing angle = 0
degree, and the interface gate must be switched on.
Gate A and B are dynamically displayed in the A-Scan, which means that their gate
bars move as the echo in the interface gate moves. Gate A and B are not displayed
in frame view or side view. Frame view, side view and A-Scan are related to initial
pulse and are in sync.
When the top view will be generated from gated data (Gate A or B), it will be
relative to the echo in the interface gate. The readouts of gate A and B are also
relative to the echo in the interface gate.
As the start value of gate A or B must be a positive value, and gate A and B are
triggered by the echo in the interface gate, it is not possible to position gate A or B
before the echo in the interface gate.
A-Scan
Chapter 3. Phased Array (PA) Mode
Viewer 1
A+E/S+C (d) Depth Gate B Depth Gate B Frame Amplitude
Depth Gate B-A Frame Amplitude
A+E/S+B ignored ignored Frame + Side --- Frame Amplitude
A+E/S+B+C (a) Amp Acquisition Amp Acquisition Frame Amplitude
Amp Gate A Frame Amplitude
Amp Gate B Frame Amplitude
A+E/S+B+C (d) Depth Acquisition Frame + Side + Top Depth Acquisition Viewer 2 Frame Amplitude
A+E/S+B+C (d) Depth Gate A Depth Gate A Frame Amplitude
A+E/S+B+C (d) Depth Gate B Depth Gate B Frame Amplitude
A-Scan
Viewer 1
Chapter 4. Calibration
Successful calibration is vital to accurate weld inspection. The USM Vision+ can
perform both linear and sector scan calibration, as well as sensitivity, ACG, TCG
and encoder calibration.
1. The first step is to set the Part, Probe, Wedge, UT and Delay Law menus.
Table 8 below lists the appropriate settings for the menus.
Wedge Z-Offset 1 mm
UT Range Trigger IP
UT PRF 2000 Hz
Gate parameters have been set to measure the two echoes from 25 mm and 50 mm
using gate A and B.
3. Now you must set up the calibration itself, according to the parameters in
Table 9 on the next page.
Note: GE recommends setting the gain so that the optimized 25mm echo is at
~80% FSH.
6. When you have found all sound paths, press Record to let the system
calculate the necessary delay line correction for each shot (beam).
1. The first step is to set the Part, Probe, Wedge, UT and Delay Law menus.
Table 11 below lists the appropriate settings for the menus.
Wedge Z-Offset 1 mm
UT No. of Legs 1
UT PRF 2000 Hz
Note: After you press Start, Gate A will automatically be set to cover the reference
reflector (here the SDH in 55 mm).
Move the probe slowly to hit the SDH with every shot (beam). The red curve
will change to correspond.
6. When you have found all depths, press Record to let the system calculate
the necessary delay line correction for each shot (beam).
Calibration Tolerance 1 mm
1. The first step is to set the Part, Probe, Wedge, UT and Delay Law menus.
Table 15 below lists the appropriate settings for the menus.
Probe Elevation 24 mm
Table 15: Menu Settings for -20° to 20° Sector Scan (cont.)
Menu Sub-Menu Parameter Value
UT Range Range Start 0 mm
UT No. of Legs 1
UT Range Trigger IP
UT PRF 2000 Hz
The current readings for the setup shown in Figure 47 below are:
• Beam = 21 (beam number, here 0°)
• SA^ = sound path for max. echo in gate A
• SB^ = sound path for max. echo in gate B
• SBA = Sound path difference
• A% = echo height in gate A
• B% = echo height in gate B
Note: GE recommends selecting an angle of 0° (at the center of the angular range)
and setting the gain so that the optimized 50 mm echo is at ~80% FSH.
Note: The probe’s primary (active) axis is in the radial direction (cable in axial
direction).
Move the probe slowly to collect the maximum amplitude for every angle.
The red curve will change to correspond.
6. When you have found all maximum amplitudes, press Record to let the
system calculate the necessary delay line correction for each angle.
1. The first step is to set the Part, Probe, Wedge, UT and Delay Law menus.
Table 18 below lists the appropriate settings for the menus.
UT No. of Legs 1
UT Range Trigger IP
Table 18: Menu Settings for 40° to 70° Sector Scan (cont.)
Menu Sub-Menu Parameter Value
UT PRF Mode Manual
UT PRF 2000 Hz
Note: GE recommends selecting an angle of 55° (at the center of the angular
range) and setting the gain so that the optimized 25 mm echo is at ~80%
FSH.
Here, the two 16 element probes are connected via the Y-cable with one socket. On
the socket, probe #1 (left) uses pins 1 – 16, probe #2 (right) uses pins 33 – 48. Pin
Offset for probe #2 is 32.
• Calibration on K2
• TCG recording with 4 points (10, 25, 40, 55mm)
• Sector from 40° - 70°, stored to file “2Sector_left”
Figure 64 below shows the setup for probe #1 on the DAC block to verify the
correct calibration and probe position.
2. Set up the dual sector scan in the following sequence, shown in Figure 65 on
the next page:
• Weld geometry: Double V
• Dimensions: A = E = 0 mm, B = C = 12 mm, D = F = 9 mm, T = 24 mm
• UT Range: 20 mm - 52 mm, 3 Legs, Probe offset to weld center = 40 mm
The scan result appears as shown in Figure 52 below. The scan data is stored in the
file: “2Sector_weld scan” The current position (blue cursor) displays a root defect.
• Production differences for the individual elements in the Phased Array probe
• Beam steering
• Changes of delay line length due to shifting the virtual probe along the array
(electronic linear scan)
Sensitivity calibration is achieved by using the TCG calibration for just one single
given reference reflector (→ 1-Point TCG).
Before the TCG calibration can be started, the Delay Law Calculation (DLC) and
the Delay calibration must have been completed successfully. The examples in this
section are for a linear scan 0° with probe 115-500-016 in direct coupling and for a
sector scan 40° to 70° with MWB4PA.
Calibration Tolerance 5%
2. Press Start. Gate A will automatically be set to cover the reference reflector:
here, the BE in 25 mm.
Calibration Tolerance 5%
6. Press End to finalize TCG calibration and store the amplitude correction
values. The electronic scan now performs an equal sensitivity for all 31
angles (beams)→ ACG = Angle Corrected Gain. The End button turns grey.
The following screens illustrate amplitude verification at 40°, 55° and 70°.
Before the TCG calibration can be started, the Delay Law Calculation (DLC) and
the Delay calibration must have been completed successfully.
In case one TCG point has already been recorded (e.g., for ACG), recording may be
continued by adding new reference reflectors in other depths.
IMPORTANT: You must continue an already existing TCG with the same reflector
type and size! If you cannot, clear the existing TCG and start a
completely new one.
1. Set up the TCG according to Table 26 below. In this example, 3mm SDHs
will be used for TCG recording. No TCG has been stored before.
Tolerance 5%
2. Enter the distance to the first reference reflector, then press Start.
Note: Gate A will automatically be set to cover the reference reflector (here the
SDH in 10 mm) after you press Start.
When you have found all maximum amplitudes, press Record to let the system
calculate the necessary amplitude correction for every angle (beam).
Due to the geometry of the DAC block, a false indication runs into the recording
gate. Since the system will record the maximum amplitude of all echoes within the
gate, some amplitudes will be taken from the false indication, and finally this TCG
point will become wrong. Therefore, you must exclude all angles at which false
signals occur.
11. Enter 60° to Beam Section. High angles from 61° to 70° will now be
excluded from the amplitude recording.
12. As with the previous reference reflector, move the probe to pick up all
maximum echo amplitudes of the third reference reflector for the given
section. Press Record repeatedly to adjust all maximum amplitudes into the
tolerance band.
14. When you have found all maximum amplitudes, press Record to let the
system calculate the necessary amplitude correction for the angles 61° to
70°. Re-check the amplitudes by recording the amplitudes again, and press
Record repeatedly.
To establish the number of ticks per mm (or inch), enter the wanted scan length into
the system, then move the encoder along this distance, and the system will calculate
the characteristic encoder value.
1. Place the encoder at the Zero position of the calibration distance (here, 300
mm).
2. Press Start Calibrate. The button changes to Stop Calibrate.
3. Move the encoder along the calibration distance.
4. Press Stop Calibrate at the end of the calibration distance.The system now
calculates the encoder counts (mm/tick) and stores the value.
Chapter 5. Specifications
5.1 General Specifications
3. Select a name for the new account (Figure 110 below). This name will identify
the operator in all inspection tasks, and will be stored with all the user actions on
USM Vision+.
5. After creating the account you can create an initial password or change the
picture of the account. Detailed instructions are available from Microsoft at:
http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/using/setup/winxp/accounts.mspx
5. From the Actions Menu, click New Group. You must create the following
groups to set access rights inUSM Vision+:
• KisGuest: Guest logon that requires authentication before using the
instrument.The access rights are similar to KISScanoperator.
• KisScanOperator: This group is allowed to operate the instrument.
• KisPlanCreator: This group is allowed to create and validate inspection
plans as well as operate the instrument.
• KisProcAdmin: Besides operating the USM Vision+ and creating and
validating inspection plans, this group is also allowed to create and to revise
inspection procedures.
7. Select Users and then double-click on the respective user. The Properties
window (see Figure 118 below) for that user opens.
9. When the Select Groups window opens (see Figure 120 below), click the
Advanced button.
2. To initiate the calibration, touch the Calibrate button to open the screen shown
in Figure 125 below.
The crossed-out wheeled bin symbol invites you to use those systems.
If you need more information on the collection, reuse and recycling systems, please
contact your local or regional waste administration.
Some batteries or accumulators contain toxic metals that pose serious risks to
human health and to the environment. When required, the product marking includes
chemical symbols that indicate the presence toxic metals: Pb for lead, Hg for
mercury, and Cd for cadmium.
• Cadmium poisoning can result in cancer of the lungs and prostate gland.
Chronic effects include kidney damage, pulmonary emphysema, and bone
diseases such as osteomalcia and osteoporosis. Cadmium may also cause
anemia, discoloration of the teeth, and loss of smell (anosmia).
• Lead is poisonous in all forms. It accumulates in the body, so each exposure is
significant. Ingestion and inhalation of lead can cause severe damage to human
health. Risks include brain damage, convulsions, malnutrition, and sterility.
• Mercury creates hazardous vapors at room temperature. Exposure to high
concentrations of mercury vapor can cause a variety of severe symptoms. Risks
include chronic inflammation of mouth and gums, personality change,
nervousness, fever, and rashes.
Appendix D. Glossary
Several acronyms are used throughout this manual. Although these acronyms are
commonly used in the ultrasonic flaw detection industry, they are listed in Table 36
below for convenient reference.
B
Base Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15, 16
Batteries, Inserting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Battery
Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
C
Color of screen
Changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Color Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Conventional Channel
Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
D
Data entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Date and Time, Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15, 16
Decimal option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Decimal point style, changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
E
Environmental Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
I
Initialization screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Input devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
L
Language, Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15, 16
M
March 2010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .i
Measurement Units, Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15, 16
Measurement Units, Switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
S
Specifications
Conventional Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
System Information screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
U
Unit Switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
USM Vision
Function of. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Inserting batteries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119
System Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Typical Application for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Unpacking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
W
Waste Disposal
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141
Electronic Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141
WEEE Directive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141
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