Ansi Fci70-2

ANSI/FCI 70-2
STANDARD FOR CONTROL VALVE SEAT LEAKAGE
1. PURPOSE
1.1. This standard establishes a series of seat leakage classes for control valves and
defines test procedures.
2. SCOPE & LIMITATIONS
2.1. Selection of a leakage class is not restricted to valve design but acceptable values
for various commercially available designs are suggested for each class under
Section 4.
2.2. The standard cannot be used as a basis for predicting leakage at conditions other
than those specified.
2.3. The standard does not apply to control valves with a rated CV less than 0.1.
3. DEFINITIONS
3.1. Control Valve.

3.1.1. A valve with a power positioning actuator for moving closure member to any
position relative to valve port or ports in response to and in proportion to an
external signal. The energy for a control valve actuator is derived from an
independent source.
3.1.2. Control valve body subassemblies on which an actuator is to be mounted at some
later date are within the intent of this definition.
3.2. CV. An experimentally determined valve sizing coefficient. (Ref. ISA S39.1, 2 3 and
4).
3.3. Rated Valve Capacity. The quantity of test fluid (air or water) that would pass
through the valve at rated travel under the stated pressure conditions as
determined by the appropiate equations and manufacturer’s ratings.
3.4. Rated Travel. The valve travel at which the manufacturer’s rating is established.
3.5. Seat Leakage. The quantity of test fluid passing through an assembled valve in the
closed position under the test conditions as defined.
4. LEAKAGE SPECIFICATIONS & CLASSES
4.1. The maximum allowable seat leakage as specified for each class shall not exceed
the seat leakage in Table 1 using the test procedure as defined in Section 5. For
Classes II through VI each and every valve shall be tested.
4.2. Leakage Classes.
4.2.1. CLASS I. A modification of any Class II, III or IV valve where design intent is the
same as the basic class, but by agreement between user and supplier, no test is
required.
4.2.2. CLASS II. This class establishes the maximum permissible leakage generally
associated with commercial double-port, double seat control valves or balanced
single-port control valves with a piston ring seal and metal-to-metal seats. Use test
procedure type A.
4.2.3. CLASS III. This class establishes the maximum permissible leakage generally
associated with Class II (4.2.2), but with a higher degree of seat and seal tightness.
Use test procedure Type A.
4.2.4. CLASS IV. This class establishes the maximum permissible leakage generally
associated with commercially unbalanced single-port, single-seat control valves
and a balanced single-port control valves with extra tight piston rings or other
sealing means and metal-to-metal seats. Use test procedure Type A.
4.2.5. CLASS V. This class is usually specified for critical applications where the control
valve may be required to be closed, without a blocking valve, for long periods of
time with high differential pressure across the seating surfaces. It requires special
manufacturing assembly and testing techniques. This class is usually associated
with metal seat, unbalanced single-port, single-seat control valves or balanced
single-port designs with exceptional seat and seal tightness. Use test procedure
Type B using water at the maximum operating differential pressure.
4.2.6. CLASS VI. This class establishes the maximum permissible seat leakage generally
associated with resilient seating control valves either unbalanced or balanced
single-port with "O" rings or similar gapless seals. Use test procedure Type C.
Table 1
Leakage Class Maximum Seat Leakage Test Procedure
Class I See paragraph 4.2.1. None
(See 4.2.1)
Class II 0.5% of rated valve capacity. Type A
(See 4.2.2) (See 5.1)
Class III 0.1% of rated valve capacity. Type A
(See 4.2.3) (See 5.1)
Class IV 0.01% of rated valve capacity. Type A
(See 4.2.4) (See 5.1)
Class V 5 x 10-4 ml per minute of water per inch Type B
(See 4.2.5) of orifice diameter per psi differential. (See 5.2)
(5 x 10-12 m3 per second of water per mm
of orifice diameter per bar differential).
Class VI Leakage per Paragraph 5.3.4 as Type C
(See 4.2.6) expressed in ml per minute versus port (See 5.3)
diameter.
5. TEST PROCEDURES
5.1. Test Procedure Type A.

5.1.1. Test medium shall be clean air or water at 10-52 ºC (50-125 ºF).
5.1.2. Pressure of test medium shall be 3-4 bar (45-60 psig) or the maximum operating
differential pressure, whichever is less.
5.1.3. Leakage flow and pressure data shall be accurate to  10% of reading.
5.1.4. The test fluid should be applied to the normal or specified valve body inlet. The
valve body outlet may be open to atmosphere or connected to a low headloss
measuring device.
5.1.5. The actuator should be adjusted to meet the operating conditions specified. The full
normal closing thrust as applied by air pressure, a spring or other means shall then
be applied. No allowance or adjustment shall be made to compensate for any
increase in seat load obtained when the test differential is less than the maximum
valve opening differential pressure.
5.1.6. On valve body assemblies made for stock, tested without the actuator, a test fixture
should be utilized which applies a net seat load not exceeding the manufacturer's
normal expected load under maximum service conditions.
5.1.7. On water test, care shall be taken to eliminate air pockets in the valve body and
piping.
5.1.8. The leakage rate thus obtained can then be compared to the calculated values for
Class II, III and IV, Table 1.
5.2. Test Procedure Type B.
5.2.1. Test fluid shall be clean water at 10-52 ºC (50-125 ºF).
5.2.2. The water test differential pressure shall be the maximum service pressure drop
across the valve plug, not exceeding the maximum operating pressure at room
temperature as determined by ANSI B16.1, B16.5, or B16.34, or some lesser
pressure by individual agreement (7 bar (100 psig) pressure drop minimum).
Pressure measurement accuracy is to be in accordance with Paragraph 5.1.3.
5.2.3. Test fluid shall be applied to the normal or specified inlet of the valve body. The
valve plug shall be opened and the valve body assembly filled completely with
water, including outlet portion and any downstream connecting piping, and then
stroked closed.
5.2.4. The water test differential pressure as specified in 5.2.2 is then applied with the
actuator adjusted to meet the operating conditions specified. The net actuator
thrust shall be the specified maximum. Net actuator thrust above the specified
maximum is not to be used.
5.2.5. When leakage flow is stabilized, the quantity should be observed over a period of
time sufficient to obtain the accuracy under Paragraph 5.1.3.
5.2.6. The leakage rate thus obtained shall not be greater than the value calculated from
the definition of maximum seat leakage for Class V as shown in Table 1. The orifice
diameter is understood to be the diameter at the point of seating contract to the
nearest 2 millimeters (1/16 inch).
5.3. Test Procedure Type C – Class VI.
5.3.1. Test medium shall be air or nitrogen gas at 10-52 °C (50-125 °F).
5.3.2. Pressure of the test medium shall be the maximum rated differential pressure

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ANSI/FCI 70-2

STANDARD FOR CONTROL VALVE SEAT LEAKAGE

2. SCOPE & LIMITATIONS

3.1. Control Valve.

4. LEAKAGE SPECIFICATIONS & CLASSES

5.1. Test Procedure Type A.

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