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    2 Pulse Analog Modulation PDF

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    Skillstron
    This document discusses three types of analog pulse modulation: pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), pulse width modulation (PWM), and pulse position modulation (PPM). PAM varies the amplitude of pulses according to the modulating signal. PWM varies the width of pulses while keeping amplitude and frequency constant. PPM keeps amplitude and width constant but varies the position of pulses. Each modulation type has advantages like noise immunity and disadvantages like bandwidth requirements.

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    2 Pulse Analog Modulation PDF

    Uploaded by

    Skillstron
    86 views18 pages
    This document discusses three types of analog pulse modulation: pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), pulse width modulation (PWM), and pulse position modulation (PPM). PAM varies the amplitude of pulses according to the modulating signal. PWM varies the width of pulses while keeping amplitude and frequency constant. PPM keeps amplitude and width constant but varies the position of pulses. Each modulation type has advantages like noise immunity and disadvantages like bandwidth requirements.

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    2 Pulse Analog Modulation.pdf

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    This document discusses three types of analog pulse modulation: pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), pulse width modulation (PWM), and pulse position modulation (PPM). PAM varies the amplitude of pulses according to the modulating signal. PWM varies the width of pulses while keeping amplitude and frequency constant. PPM keeps amplitude and width constant but varies the position of pulses. Each modulation type has advantages like noise immunity and disadvantages like bandwidth requirements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    86 views18 pages

    2 Pulse Analog Modulation PDF

    Uploaded by

    Skillstron
    This document discusses three types of analog pulse modulation: pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), pulse width modulation (PWM), and pulse position modulation (PPM). PAM varies the amplitude of pulses according to the modulating signal. PWM varies the width of pulses while keeping amplitude and frequency constant. PPM keeps amplitude and width constant but varies the position of pulses. Each modulation type has advantages like noise immunity and disadvantages like bandwidth requirements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 18

    ANALOG PULSE MODULATION

    METHODS
     In Pulse Modulation methods, the carrier is a pulse train.
     Some parameter of carrier is varied according to the
    instantaneous value of the modulating signal.
     Two types of pulse modulation systems:
     Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM)
     Pulse Time Modulation (PTM)

     Two types of PTM:


     Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) or Pulse Duration Modulation
    (PDM)
     Pulse Position Modulation (PPM)
    PULSE AMPLITUDE MODULATION

     In PAM the amplitude of regularly spaced rectangular


    pulses vary according to instantaneous value of the
    modulating or message signal.
     The pulses in a PAM signal may be flat-top type or
    natural type or ideal type.
     The flat-top PAM is most popular and widely used
    because it is immune to noise.
     A sample and hold circuit is used to generate flat-top
    sampled PAM signal.
     Mathematical Analysis
    Demodulation of PAM Signal
     For PAM signals, the demodulation is done using a
    Holding circuit.
     Drawbacks of PAM Signal:
     The bandwidth required for PAM transmission is very large
    as compared to maximum frequency of modulating wave.
     Interference of noise is more, since amplitude varies in
    accordance to modulating signal.
     Peak power required by transmitter varies with amplitude.
    PULSE WIDTH MODULATION (PWM) or
    PULSE DURATION MODULATION (PDM)
     In PWM, the width of the modulated pulse varies with
    respect to amplitude of modulating signal.
     The amplitude and frequency of the PWM wave remain
    constant.
     The information is contained in width variation.
     At the receiver, if noise changes the amplitude, it is
    easily reconstructed by means of limiter circuits.
     PWM is more immune to noise than a PAM signal.
    Generation of PWM Signal
    Detection of PWM Signal
     Advantages of PWM
     Less effect of noise.
     Synchronization between transmitter and receiver is not
    essential.
     It is relatively easy to reconstruct PWM signal from a noise.

     Disadvantages of PWM
     Due to variable pulse width, the pulses have variable
    power contents.
     The bandwidth required for the PWM communication is
    large as compared to PAM.
    PULSE POSITION MODULATION (PPM)

     In PPM ,the amplitude and width of the pulses is


    constant but the position of each pulse is varied in
    accordance with amplitudes of the sampled values of
    the modulating signal.
     The position of pulses is changed with respect to the
    position of reference pulse.
     It may be noted that with increase in the modulating
    voltage the PPM pulses shift further with respect to
    reference.
     The information is conveyed via changing position of the
    pulses.
    Generation of PPM Signal
    Demodulation of PPM
     Advantages of PPM
     Good noise immunity, since information is not contained in
    the amplitude.
     Due to constant amplitude of pulses, the transmitted
    power always remains constant.

     Disadvantages of PPM
     A transmitter has to send synchronizing pulses to operate
    the timing circuits in the receiver.
     Large bandwidth is required to ensure transmission of
    undistorted pulses.
    Performance Comparison of PAM,
    PWM and PPM

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