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Terms Used in Roof

The document defines various terms used in roof construction including common rafters, hip rafters, valley rafters, jack rafters, eaves, battens, purlins, verge, wall plates, and trusses. It also defines concepts like rise, pitch, and different types of roof trusses including king post and queen post trusses. King post trusses use a single central vertical post and are effective for spans between 5 to 8 meters. Queen post trusses use two vertical posts on either side connected by a tie beam and are used for spans between 8 to 12 meters.

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349 views2 pages

Terms Used in Roof

The document defines various terms used in roof construction including common rafters, hip rafters, valley rafters, jack rafters, eaves, battens, purlins, verge, wall plates, and trusses. It also defines concepts like rise, pitch, and different types of roof trusses including king post and queen post trusses. King post trusses use a single central vertical post and are effective for spans between 5 to 8 meters. Queen post trusses use two vertical posts on either side connected by a tie beam and are used for spans between 8 to 12 meters.

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rahul_5587_265238786
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ROOF

Terms used in Roof :-


Common rafters : These are inclined members spaced 30 to 45 cm apart laid from the ridge to the eve over the
purlins.

Hip : It is a ridge formed by the intersection of two sloped surfaces having an exterior angle greater than 180°.

Hip rafter: The rafter forming the hip is termed as hip rafter.

Valley : It is the acute angle or a gutter formed by the inter-section of two slopes in a pitched roof. A valley is the
reverse of a hip.

Valley rafter: The rafter lying along the valley is termed as valley rafter.

Jack rafter: These are common rafters shorter in length which run from a hip to the eaves or from a ridge to a
valley. A hip or valley is formed by the meeting of jack rafters.

Eaves : It is the lower edge of the inclined roof surface.

Eaves board : It is a board fixed along the eaves joining the common rafters.

Battens : These are thin strips of wood, which are fixed on the common rafters or on the top of the ceiling boards
to support the roofing materials. viz. tiles, sheets etc.

Cleats : These are pieces of timber or angle iron which are nailed or screwed (for timber), riveted or welded (for
angle iron) on the trusses to support the purlins.

Purlins: Purlins are those members, which are laid horizontally to support common rafters of a roof, when the
span is large. These are either made of wood or steel.

Verge: The finished edge of slating or tiling, over handing a gable wall is called a verge.

Wall plates : Timber pieces, which are provided over the top of a stone or brick wall for the purpose of fixing the
feet of the common rafters.

Post plates or pole plates : These are similar to the wall plates except that they run continuous, parallel to the face
of the wall. These are used to support the common rafters at their feet and at the same time, to strengthen the
ends of the posts.
Truss : It is a framework of triangles and used to carry the load of roof covering materials and other members of
the roof.

Rise: It is the vertical distance between the wall plate and the top of the ridge.

Pitch of Roof: It is the inclination of sides of roof to the horizontal plane. It is usually expressed either as ratio of
the rise to the span or in degrees.

King Post Roof Truss:-

A king post contains a central vertical post that is utilized in architectural or bridge designs, dealing with
tension to support a beam underneath from a truss apex above. One vertical post is arranged at the centre of the
roof that is known as king post. King post truss is mostly effective if the length of the span remains between 5 to 8
m. Straining beam and straining sill are not required.

Queen Post Roof Truss:-

Queen Post Truss can be described as a pitched roof support provided with two vertical tie posts which
are attached among the tie beam and the rafters. Two vertical posts are arranged on 2 sides maintaining proper
spacing that is known as queen post. Queen post truss can be applied if the length of the span remains between 8
to 12 m. Straining beam and straining sill are essential to retain the queen post in steady position.

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