09 Test Pharmacognosy
09 Test Pharmacognosy
09 Test Pharmacognosy
Contents
1
PHARMACOGNOSY
1. S imp le cho ic e
Select the correct answer by marking the appropriate capital letter. There is only one correct
answer.
A) farnezyl-pyrophosphate
B) stress compounds
C) colouring material
D) degraded products of triterpenes
E) pathological products
A) laxative.
B) bitter tonic.
C) expectorant.
D) emetic.
E) pain killer.
5. Alkaloids are naturally occurring compounds which contain .............in their molecules.
2
PHARMACOGNOSY
9. What do you do for getting alkaloids in basis form from the plant material?
3
PHARMACOGNOSY
A) cevan
B) tropane
C) isoquinoline
D) rubanol
E) dammarane
A) 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine
B) iron-III-chloride
C) antimony-III-chloride
D) potassium-tetraiodomercurate
E) phloroglucinol in concentrated hydrochloric acid
A) After grinding some water is added to the seed and warm it.
B) The seed is covered with water without grinding and warming.
C) After grinding some alcohol is added to the seed.
D) Without grinding some alcohol is added to the seed.
E) After grinding it is covered with water without warming.
A) vegetative form
B) dried sclerotium
C) ascospore
D) conidiospore
E) philamentous hyphae
16. What is the difference between the chemical structure of cotton and starch?
A) Cotton consists of lines α-glucose molecules while the starch has branched
β-glucose residue.
B) Cotton consists of unbranched β-glucose molecules the starch has also unbranched
α- and β-glucose molecules.
C) Cotton is built up of glucose residues united by 1,4-β-D-glucose links, starch has
branched and linear chains of 1,4-α-, and 1,6-α-D-glucose residue.
D) Both consist of branched and linear 1,2-β-D-glucose residues.
4
PHARMACOGNOSY
18. Which is the right structure for the flavonoids of Silybum marianum?
A) dimer flavan-3,4-diol
B) monomer flavon-3-ol
C) flavanolignan
D) simple flavanonol-glycoside
E) isoflavanon-diglycoside
A) narcotic
B) emetic
C) sedative
D) local anaesthetic
E) cough suppressant
A) Marquis test
B) Froehde test
C) Liebermann-Burchard test
D) Bornträeger test
E) Murexid test
23. What is the right method for making assay for volatile oil content of drugs?
A) water-damp distillation
B) extraction of light petrol
C) distillation by Marcusson’s method
D) determination of loss on drying
E) determination of alcohol extract
5
PHARMACOGNOSY
24. Which is the right test for the cardioactive glycosides of Foxglove leaf?
A) Murexide
B) Liebermann- Burchard
C) EP
D) 2,4-dinitro-phenylhydrazine
E) Keller-Kiliani
25. Which of the following compounds makes model for the synthesis of methyl-psoralens?
A) chinine
B) ephedrin
C) tubocurarin
D) xanthotoxin
E) cocaine
26. How to take a sample of plant drug material according to the prescription of
pharmacopoeia?
A) oval
B) rounded
C) pentagon with a „V” form fission in the middle of the grain
D) triangular
E) dumb-bell shaped
28. Why can’t use for medical purpose Rheum raponticum instead of Rheum palmatum?
6
PHARMACOGNOSY
A) lavandulol
B) farnezol
C) matricine
D) gossypol
E) parthenolid
A) psoralen
B) cocaine
C) hyoscyamine
D) morphin
E) physostigmine
31. Which of the following drug(s) contain(s) citric acid in a large amount?
A) Bearberry leaf
B) Elder flower
C) Herniariae herba
D) Tamarindi fructus
E) Violae odoratae radix
33. The cake of ricinus seed left after expression is unfit for use as a cattle food since it
contains an extremely poisonous toxin known as ............................ .
A) ricinin
B) ricine
C) taxol
D) sinigrine
E) lotaustralin
A) emetin
B) chelidonin
C) cinchonidin
D) brucin
E) lobelin
7
PHARMACOGNOSY
A) Cichoriae radix
B) Comfrey root
C) Plantain shoot
D) Foenigraeci semen
E) Tanaceti herba
38. The common base skeleton of physiologically active ergoline alkaloids is:
A) isolysergic acid.
B) clavorubine.
C) lysergic acid.
D) 2-phenylbenzopyrane.
E) elimoclavine.
A) flavan-3-ol.
B) flavan-4-on.
C) lignan.
D) flavanolignan.
E) flavanonol.
8
PHARMACOGNOSY
A) gravimetry.
B) high pressure liquid chromatography.
C) spectrophotometry.
D) gaschromatography.
E) titrimetry.
42. Select the compound prescribed for quantitative determination on the base of complex
formation in Pharmacopoeia Hungarica Editio VII.:
A) bitter substance.
B) flavonoid.
C) alkaloid.
D) saponin.
E) phenolglycoside.
A) foaming
B) specific colour
C) specific gravity
D) viscosity
E) refractive index
44. Poppy straw is the industrial raw material of morphine production because .……. .
9
PHARMACOGNOSY
46. The whole in toto vegetable drugs of mild activity have to be rejected when ...
A) it meets both the general requirements of the pharmacopoeia and the requirements
of the corresponding paragraph in the pharmacopoeia.
B) it meets the requirements of the corresponding paragraph in the pharmacopoeia.
C) it meets the requirements of the national Standard I.
D) it meets the general requirements of the pharmacopoeia.
E) it meets both the general requirements of the pharmacopoeia and the requirements
of the national Standard I.
48. Which of the following statement is associated with the name of János KABAY?
A) Isolation of morphine.
B) Structure elucidation of morphine.
C) Industrial production of morphinanes from poppy straw.
D) Industrial production of morphinanes from opium.
E) Industrial production of morphinanes from unriped poppy capsules.
49. Which of the following statement is associated with the name of Miklós BÉKÉSSY?
50. Whose name of the followings is associated with the discovery of morphine?
A) Caventou
B) Sertürner
C) Stoll
D) Pelletier
E) Scheele
10
PHARMACOGNOSY
51. Select the method used for the fixed vegetable oil-preparation of pharmacopoeial
quality:
A) solvent extraction.
B) expression.
C) cold-expression.
D) steam distillation.
E) expression and solvent extraction.
53. Which of the following vegetable drugs has the highest caffeine content?
A) Mate folium
B) Theae folium
C) Guarana
D) Coffeae semen
E) Colae semen
A) cannabichromene
B) tetrahydrocannabinol
C) cannabigerol
D) cannabinol
E) cannabidiol
55. Select the vegetable drug which has the highest alkaloid content!
A) chamazulene
B) matricin
C) spatulenol
D) α-Bisabolol
E) en-in-dicycloethers
11
PHARMACOGNOSY
A) chamazulene
B) matricin
C) spatulenol
D) α-Bisabolol
E) en-in-dicycloethers
A) arabin
B) pectin
C) galaktane
D) mannan
E) fructosane
59. Number of vegetable drugs which are not subject to restriction in Hungary?
A) less than 50
B) between 50 and 100
C) between 100 and 300
D) between 300 and 500
E) more than 500
60. Which of the followings is correct for the molecular mass of tannins?
A) Frangulae cortex
B) Centaurii herba
C) Silybi mariani fructus
D) Foeniculi fructus
E) Graminis rhizoma
A) Valerianae radix
B) Agrimoniae herba
C) Echinaceae radix
D) Ginseng radix
E) Allii sativi bulbus
12
PHARMACOGNOSY
A) alkaloids
B) saponins
C) tannins
D) mucilages
E) anthraglycosides
A) Marrubii herba
B) Agrimoniae herba
C) Valerianae rhizoma and radix
D) Plantaginis folium
E) Cyani flos
66. Which of the following vegetable drugs is in the category of amara aromatica?
A) Absinthii herba
B) Cardui benedicti herba
C) Gentianae radix
D) Trifolii fibrini folium
E) Centaurii herba
67. Hide powder is used in the traditional method of tannin quantitation because ...
A) flavonoid glycoside
B) phenolic glycoside
C) furanocoumarin
D) iridoid glycoside
E) gallotannin
13
PHARMACOGNOSY
69. How can you extract tertiary alkaloids in the form of salts?
A) lupane
B) ursane
C) abietane
D) oleanane
E) dammarane
A) podophyllotoxin
B) taxifolin
C) silybin
D) hyperoside
E) silychrystine
14
PHARMACOGNOSY
2. Mu lt ip le Cho ic e
The following questions have one or more correct answers. Use the notations given below:
72. Choose the drugs which contain alkaloids derived from ornithine.
1) Hellebori rhyzome
2) Henbane leaf
3) Cocae leaf
4) Ribes nigri leaf
5) Valeriana rhyzome
1) Proazulens show orange spot on TLC by spraying with cc. ammonium hydroxyde.
2) Proazulens give blue colour with EP reagent on heating.
3) Proazulens give red colour on ninhydrine reagent.
4) The proazulens transform into chamazulene by heating with mineral acid.
5) The proazulens give yellow precipitate with resorcinole.
1) Betulae folium
2) Graminis rhyzome
3) Rhei rhizome
4) Herniariae herba
5) Rubi ideae folium
15
PHARMACOGNOSY
1) abortive
2) bitter tonic
3) stomachic
4) cough reliever
5) emetic
1) arbutin.
2) vitexin.
3) gentiopicrine.
4) aloin.
5) hypericine.
1) Capsicum fuictus
2) Pasta guarana
3) Colae semen
4) Podophylum
5) Pyrethri flos
1) ephedrine
2) chinin
3) vinchrystin
4) tomatidenol
5) protoveratrin A
1) expectorant
2) pain killer
3) sedative
4) antipyretic
5) amoebicide
16
PHARMACOGNOSY
1) tranquillant
2) starting material for morphine production
3) pain killer
4) laxative
5) emetic
84. In the typical alkaloids N atom(s) derived from amino acid is/are present:
1) in heterocyclic ring
2) as ammonium cation
3) as substituent of benzene ring
4) as substituent of pyrane ring
5) in their side chain
85. Choose the plant species which are steroid sources for Industry.
1) Licorice species
2) Dioscorea composita
3) Smilax regelii
4) Ipomea purga
5) Hydrastis canadensis
86. Which are the most frequently occurring special sugars present in the cardioactive
glycosides?
1) cymarose
2) apiose
3) xylose
4) fucose
5) digitoxose
1) Thornapple leaf
2) Lily of the valley shoot
3) Oleandri folium
4) Foxglove leaf
5) Allii bulb
88. The presence of alkaloid in plant material can be tested by the following reagents:
17
PHARMACOGNOSY
89. The alkaloids are grouped by the origin and position of nitrogen atom(s) as proto-,
typical, and pseudo-alkaloids respectively. Choose the pseudo-alkaloids from the
followings:
1) protoveratrine B.
2) pilocarpine.
3) thebaine.
4) ergocornin.
5) capsaicine.
90. Which statements are characteristic for the pentacyclic triterpenes from the followings:
1) mineral salt
2) free basis
3) salt of organic acid
4) lactones of organic acid
5) esther of mineral acid
1) tubocurarine
2) toxiferin C
3) theophyllin
4) chinidine
5) narcotine
93. Which ones are correct from the following statements concerning with Opium?
1) Opium is the dried latex obtained by incision from unripe capsule of Opium poppy.
2) Opium is the dried juice of the cutting leaves of Opium poppy.
3) Opium is the dried water extract of the shoot of Opium poppy.
4) Opium with good quality has 1.5 % morphine content.
5) Opium is used in the medicine as diuretics and laxative.
94. Choose the right assay for determination of alkaloid content of drugs.
1) azeotropic distillation
2) photometry (in UV and visible light)
3) gravimetry
4) titration in non-aqueous media
5) titration according to Volchard’s method
18
PHARMACOGNOSY
1) chelidonin
2) narceine
3) hypericine
4) narcotine
5) heroin
96. Which are of the following drugs having high ascorbic acid content?
1) Hippopheae fruit
2) Manna
3) Agar
4) Galliae odorati herba
5) Rosa hips
98. How to protect the drugs against the undesirable postmortal changing?
1) van Urk
2) Fehling I and II
3) iron-III-chloride
4) phloroglucinol in hydrochloric acid
5) EP test
1) iridoid
2) labdan type diterpene
3) pseudoguaianolid
4) abietane
5) clerodan
19
PHARMACOGNOSY
1) sesterterpenes
2) starches
3) alkaloids
4) procyanidines
5) leucoanthocyanidins
1) tetraterpenes
2) monoterpenes with labdane structure
3) anthraquinones
4) pseudoguaianolides
5) iridoids
104. Which are the right reagents for the detection of cardioactive glycosides?
1) Baljet reagent
2) Hirschson reagent
3) Benzidine in alcohol
4) Froehde reagent
5) Kedde reagent
1) Calami rhyzome
2) Gentian root and rhyzome
3) Ratanhia root
4) Theae leaf
5) Lime flower
20
PHARMACOGNOSY
1) Gentian root
2) Cinchona bark
3) Alder Buckthorn
4) Nettle root
5) Coriandri fructus
108. Iridoids are highly oxygenated monoterpenes. They were named .............................
109. The bitter value shows the .................... of an extract made of 1g drug which has just
bitter taste.
1) largest dilution
2) lowest dilution
3) smallest concentration
4) largest concentration
5) highest trituration
110. Choose the volatile oils having higher density than the water.
1) EP reagent
2) Froehde reagent
3) 0.01N iodine in alcoholic solution
4) chlorogen with diluted hydrochloric acid
5) Behrens reagent
1) humulon
2) cnicine
3) loganin
4) picrosalvine
5) lupulon
21
PHARMACOGNOSY
1) Acacia gum
2) Cotton
3) Potato starch
4) Agar
5) Marsmallow leaf and root
114. Choose of the following volatile oils having higher density than the water.
1) Aetheroleum thymi
2) Aetheroleum caryophylli
3) Aetheroleum lavandulae
4) Aetheroleum cinnamomi
5) Aetheroleum pini pumilionis
1) morphine
2) nicotine
3) arecoline
4) scopolamine
5) chinine
1) iridoids
2) anthocyanins
3) mucilages
4) tannins
5) carotenoids
117. Which of the following alkaloids are bisindols, characteristic in Catharanthi herba?
1) vincamine
2) vincristine
3) vinblastine
4) catharanthine
5) vindoline
118. Which of the following saccharides are dideoxy hexoses, characteristic in cardiac
glycosides?
1) xilose
2) diginose
3) galactose
4) digitoxose
5) glucose
22
PHARMACOGNOSY
1) Absinthii herba
2) Centaurii herba
3) Marrubii herba
4) Gentianae radix
5) Cardui benedicti herba
1) Absinthii herba
2) Centaurii herba
3) Marrubii herba
4) Gentianae radix
5) Cardui benedicti herba
1) Chamomillae anthodium
2) Coriandri fructus
3) Menthae piperitae folium
4) Melissae folium
5) Cardui benedicti herba
1) Aetheroleum coriandri
2) Aetheroleum foeniculi
3) Aetheroleum lavandulae
4) Aetheroleum cinnamomi
5) Aetheroleum chamomillae
1) aloin
2) rutin
3) hyperoside (Hyperin)
4) lanatoside-C
5) vitexin
23
PHARMACOGNOSY
125. Which of the following vegetable drugs contain galactans (polysaccharides of the
galactose).
1) Lana gossypii
2) Agar-agar
3) Cichorii radix
4) Carrageen
5) Gummi arabicum
1) Verbasci flos
2) Pulmonariae herba
3) Equiseti herba
4) Lamii folium
5) Tiliae flos
1) Vitali-reaction
2) Bornträger-reaction
3) Kedde-reaction
4) Liebermann-Burchard-reaction
5) Marquis-reaction
128. Which of the following reactions are specific for cardiac glycosides?
1) Kedde-reaction
2) Murexid-reaction
3) Bornträger-reaction
4) Vitali-reaction
5) Legal-test
129. Which of the following reactions are specific linked to the presence of the
α,β-unsaturated-γ-lactone?
1) Liebermann-Burchard reaction
2) Kedde-reaction
3) Keller-Kiliani-reaction
4) Legal test
5) Xanthidrol-reaction
1) coniine
2) pilocarpine
3) strychnine
4) tropine
5) pseudopelletierine
24
PHARMACOGNOSY
1) atropine
2) quinine
3) fcgonine
4) strychnine
5) quinolizidine
1) Scopoliae herba
2) Catharanthi herba
3) Secale cornutum
4) Vincae minoris herba
5) Chelidonii herba
1) Crataegi summitas
2) Hellebori rhizoma
3) Convallariae herba
4) Crataegi fructus
5) Scillae bulbus
1) Scillae bulbus
2) Convallariae herba
3) Digitalis lanatae folium
4) Oleandri folium
5) Hellebori rhizoma et radix
1) berberine
2) bhelidonine
3) vincamine
4) brucine
5) C-toxiferine
136. Select the vegetable drugs with significant rutin (rutoside) content!
1) Fagopyri herba
2) Liquiritiae radix
3) Hyperici herba
4) Aurantii pericarpium
5) Sophorae japonicae flos
25
PHARMACOGNOSY
137. Which of the following natural compounds are non-steroid antiinflammatory agents?
1) azulene
2) arbutin
3) scopoletin
4) primulic acid
5) aescin (escin)
138. What type of compounds are formed through acid catalysed decomposition of
procyanidins?
1) flavanone
2) catechin
3) flavonol
4) anthocyanidine
5) chalkone
139. Which of the followings are characteristic for the alkaloid extractor official in
Pharmacopoeia Hungarica Editio VII.?
140. Which of the following natural substances serve as starting material in the
semisynthesis of pregnenolone acetate?
1) oleanolic acid
2) diosgenin
3) lanatozide-C
4) phytosterols
5) jervine
141. Which of the following methods are not suitable for the detection of matricin in
Chamomillae anthodium?
26
PHARMACOGNOSY
1) Cichoriae radix
2) Salep tuber
3) Althaeae radix
4) Saponariae albae radix
5) Graminis rhizoma
143. Which of the following medicinal plants are important for pharmaceutical industry?
1) Equisetum arvense
2) Catharanthus roseus
3) Salvia officinalis
4) Papaver somniferum
5) Digitalis purpurea
144. Which of the following vegetable drugs are important for pharmaceutical industry?
145. Which of the following vegetable drugs are official in the Hungarian Pharmacopoeia
Editio VII.?
1) Secale cornutum
2) Belladonnae folium
3) Melissae folium
4) Digitalis lanatae folium
5) Digitalis purpureae folium
146. Which of the following vegetable drugs are not official in the Hungarian
Pharmacopoeia Editio VII.?
1) Crataegi summitas
2) Catharanthi herba
3) Digitalis lanatae folium
4) Ratanhiae radix
5) Primulae radix
147. Select those vegetable drugs which are used as amara aromatics!
1) Absinthii herba
2) Gentianae radix
3) Tiliae flos
4) Cynarae folium
5) Calami rhizoma
27
PHARMACOGNOSY
148. Marshmallow root and deadly nightshade root can be distinguished by microscopy on
the base of:
149. Which of the following vegetable drugs contain active compounds used in cardiac
insufficiency?
1) Rauwolfiae radix
2) Crataegi summitas
3) Convallariae herba
4) Chinae cortex
5) Vincae minoris herba
1) Sennae fructus
2) Hyperici herba
3) Urticae radix
4) Equiseti herba
5) Agrimoniae herba
1) Veratri rhizoma
2) Colchici semen
3) Catharanthi herba
4) Chinae succirubrae cortex
5) Arecae semen
152. Select those vegetable drugs which have sulphur containing active ingredients!
1) Echinaceae radix
2) Tropeoli herba
3) Ginseng radix
4) Allii sativi bulbus
5) Urticae radix
153. Which of the following vegetable drugs have significant vitamin content?
28
PHARMACOGNOSY
154. Conii fructus can be distinguished from Anisi vulgaris fructus by microscopy on the
base of:
155. Which of the following vegetable drugs contain carvone in the essential oil?
1) Capsici fructus
2) Papaveris rhoeados flos
3) Cyani flos
4) Malvae flos
5) Hippopheae pseudofructus
157. Which of the following reactions serve as possibilities in the detection of quinoline
alkaloids?
1) Vitali reaction
2) Thalleiochin reaction
3) Murexid reaction
4) Vogel reaction
5) Keller-Kiliani reaction
29
PHARMACOGNOSY
3. G roup ing
158. Mark letter A after the tumor inhibiting and letter B after the bitter tonic containing
drugs.
1) Marrubii herba
2) Catharanthi herba
3) Podophyllum
4) Colocynthidis fructus
5) Calamus
6) Cinchona bark
7) Centaurii herba
8) Absinthii folium
159. Mark letter A after bufadienolides and letter B after cardenolides containing drug.
1) Foxglove leaf
2) Black Hellebore rhyzome
3) Strophanthus seed
4) Digitalis lanata leaf
5) Oleander leaf
6) Squill
7) Lily of the valley
160. Mark letter A after the active principles of Gentian root and letter B after the active
principles of Valerian rhyzome.
1) swertiamarine
2) valerenic acid
3) didrovaltrate
4) amaropanin
5) sweroside
6) gentianose
7) bornyl-isovalerianate
8) amarogentin
161. Mark letter A after the unsaturated and letter B after the saturated fatty acids.
1) myristic acid
2) arachidic acid
3) oleic acid
4) ricinoleic acid
5) linolenic acid
6) palmitic acid
30
PHARMACOGNOSY
1) Kamala A. spasmolytic
2) Ipecacuanha root B. anthelminthic
3) Silybum fruit C. anti-inflammatory
4) Rhubarb D. expectorant
5) Chamomile flowers E. laxative
6) Trifolii fibrini folium F. liver protector
1) Vitali A. morphine
2) Murexide B. strychnine
3) Thalleioquin C. ergotoxine
4) van Urk D. quinine
5) Marquis E. caffeine
F. hyoscyne
(A) (B)
1) latex A. ripe
2) mucilage B. unripe
3) dried extract C. ripe and unripe
4) dried resine D. turned brown in color
5) dried juice E. turned blue in color
166. Choose the hydrolisable A and the condensed B tannin containing drugs:
1) Rhatany root
2) Tormentillae rhyzome and radix
3) Cinchona bark
4) Oak bark
5) Galls
6) Rhubarb
7) Catechu
8) Cotini folium
31
PHARMACOGNOSY
167. Mark letter A after the active principles of Senna leaf and letter B after the active
compounds of Frangulae cortex.
1) tinnevellin
2) frangulin
3) rheum-emodin
4) palmidin C
5) aloë-emodin
6) glycofrangulin
7) sennidin C
8) hypericin
168. Which are the right test for identification of the following drugs?
1) bis-benzyl-isoquinoline A. matricine
2) strychnine B. eugenol
3) purine C. tubocurarine
4) phenyl-propane D. toxiferin C
5) guaianolide E. theobromine
6) steran F. thebain
7) morphinan G. loganin
8) iridoid
171. What are the right test for identification of these drugs:
32
PHARMACOGNOSY
1) papaverine A. tryptophane
2) ephedrine B. lysine
3) vinblastine C. phenyl-alanine
4) emetin D. ornithine
5) hyoscyne E. thyrosine
6) solanidine F. dopa
7) lobeline
175. Mark letter A after the pentacyclic and letter B after the tetracyclic (steroidal) saponin
containing drugs.
1) Foxglove leaf
2) Ginseng root
3) Quillaia bark
4) Senegae radix
5) Licorice root
6) Sarsaparillae radix
176. Mark letter A after narcotics and letter B after cardioactive drugs.
1) Squill
2) Khat
3) Indian hemp
4) Strophanthus seeds
5) Poppy capsule
6) Coca leaf
7) Lily of the valley leaf
8) Erysimi herba
33
PHARMACOGNOSY
177. Mark letter A after the sesquiterpene and letter B after the flavonoid type compounds.
1) achilline
2) apiin
3) bisabolol
4) cnicine
5) luteolin
6) xanthotoxine
7) kempferol
8) silydianine
1) vincamine A. benzyl-isoquinoline
2) hesperetin B. flavanone
3) cinchonidine C. pseudo-guaianolide
4) papaverine D. eburnan
5) farnezol E. rubanol
34
PHARMACOGNOSY
182. Mark letter A after the drug with narcotic and letter B after the drug with anticancer
activity.
1) Myristicae semen
2) Taxus baccata
3) Ipomeae semen
4) Khat
5) Marihuana
6) Catharanthi herba
7) Podophylli rhyzome
183. Mark letter A after the chemical constituents of Rhubarb and letter B after the chemical
constituents of Aloë.
1) aloezine
2) fiscion
3) palmidine
4) epicatechin-gallate
5) barbaloin
6) senna-emodin
7) tinnevellyn
184. Mark letter A after the alkaloids derived from tryptophane and letter B pseudo-alkaloids
containing drugs.
1) Scopolia leaf
2) Comfrey root
3) Vincae minoris herba
4) Ergot
5) Cinchona bark
6) Veratri rhyzome
7) Solani herba
185. Mark letter A after the drugs having blue color on iron-III-chloride and letter B after the
drugs giving green color on the same reagent.
1) Rhubarb rhyzome
2) Agrimoniae herba
3) Galls
4) Rhatany root
5) Horst chest nut
6) Tormentillae rhyzome
7) Catechu
8) Oak bark
35
PHARMACOGNOSY
186. Choose the right reagent for the identification of the following drugs:
1) EP A. Rosa hips
2) van Urk B. Acacia gum
3) iron-II-sulphate with sodium-hydrocarbonate C. Capsicum
4) phloroglucinol dissolved in ether D. Yarrow herba
5) benzidine in spirits E. Ergot
187. Mark letter A after the chemical constituents of Garlic and letter B after the chemical
constituents of Onion.
1) alliin
2) allicine
3) diallyl-disulphide
4) ajoen
5) cepaen
6) cwibelane
189. Mark letter A after the Ginkgo biloba and letter B after the Arnicae flos constituents.
1) bilobetin
2) helenalin
3) bilobalide
4) amentoflavone
5) miricetin-3-rutoside
6) luteolin-7-glucoside
7) cinarin
8) polyacetylene
1) 6-hydroxy-musizine A. clove
2) hypericin B. spearmint
3) gossypol C. cotton plant
4) carvone D. senna
5) α and β pinene E. ipecacuanha
6) eugenol F. Saint John's wort
36
PHARMACOGNOSY
191. Mark letter A after the unsaturated and letter B after the saturated fatty acids.
1) myristic acid
2) erucic acid
3) stearic acid
4) linoleic acid
5) melissic acid
6) arachidonic acid
7) oleic acid
193. Mark letter A after vegetable drugs from which alkaloids are preferably extracted as
salts and letter B after vegetable drugs from which alkaloids are preferably extracted as
bases.
1) Strychni semen
2) Chinae cortex
3) Stramonii folium
4) Ipecacuanhae radix
5) Chelidonii herba
6) Secale cornutum
194. Mark letter A after constituents of Lichen islandicus and letter B after constituents of
Echinaceae radix.
1) protocetraric acid
2) cetraric acid
3) echinolone
4) fumarprotocetraric acid
5) protolichesteric acid
6) echinocoside
1) licapsamine A. phenylalanine
2) chelidonine B. tryptophan
3) reserpine C. glycine
4) caffeine D. lysine
5) sparteine E. ornithine
6) aconitine
37
PHARMACOGNOSY
1) vincamine A. purine
2) brucine B. strychnane
3) quinidine C. rubanol
4) theophylline D. eburnan
E. lysergol
198. Mark letter A after the constituents of Gentianae radix and letter B after the constituents
of Silybi mariani fructus.
1) silydianin
2) amaropanin
3) silychristin
4) swertiamarin
5) silyhermine
6) gentiopicroside
7) amaroswerin
8) sinigrine
200. Match the Latin names of plant parts with their English names.
1) bulbus A. branch
2) fructus B. fruit
3) stipes C. top
4) summitas D. bulb
5) tuber E. tuber
6) radix
38
PHARMACOGNOSY
201. Match the Latin names of plant parts with their English names.
1) radix A. resin
2) resina B. wood
3) bractea C. fruit wall
4) lignum D. root
5) pericarpium E. bract
6) fructus
202. Mark letter A after essential oils produced by steam distillation and letter B after
essential oils produced by expression.
1) Aetheroleum citri
2) Aetheroleum eucalypti
3) Aetheroleum foeniculi
4) Aetheroleum menthae piperitae
5) Aetheroleum cinnamomi
1) hellebrigenine A. purine
2) theophylline B. flavonol
3) quercetin C. tropane
4) scopolamine D. bufadienolide
E. cardenolide
39
PHARMACOGNOSY
1) apigenin A. purine
2) protoveratrin B. guaianolide
3) caffeine C. flavone
4) matricin D. cevane
E. rubane
1) papaverine A. tropane
2) narcotine B. morphinane
3) thebaine C. protopine
4) cryptopine D. benzylisoquinoline
E. ftalideisoquinoline
210. Mark number 1 after amides of lysergic acid and number 2 after ergopeptines.
A. ergocristine
B. ergocornine
C. ergotamine
D. ergocryptine
E. ergometrine
F. ergosine
40
PHARMACOGNOSY
1) caffeine A. histidine
2) brucine B. triptophane
3) colchicines C. phenylalanine
4) scopolamine D. lysine
5) pilocarpine E. ornithin
6) coniine
A. flavonol
B. flavone
C. flavanone
D. flavane
E. isoflavone
41
PHARMACOGNOSY
1) digitoxine
2) lanatoside C
3) purpurea glycoside A
4) digoxine
5) dezacetyl-lanatoside C
42
PHARMACOGNOSY
4. Re la t ion ana ly s is
Your task is to analyse two sentences. The first is a statement, and the second is an explanation
or a consequence.
You have to decide whether both sentences are true or not, and whether any logical connection
exists between them or not.
Here are five possibilities (A-E) but only one is true.
A. Both the statement and the explanation or consequence are true, and a causal relation
exists between them.
B. Both the statement and the explanation or consequence are true, but there is no logical
relation between them.
C. The statement is true, but the explanation or consequence is false.
D. The statement is false, but the explanation or consequence is true.
E. Both the statement and the explanation or consequence are false.
218. The fats become rancid hardly because fats are triglycerides involving long chain
saturated and the unsaturated acids.
219. The monosaccharides may exist either as a five- or six-members ring, because the
glucose has an aldehyde group while the fructose has a keto group.
220. Dextrose is a sugar usually obtained by the hydrolysis of starch since the starch is built
up from alfa-D-glucopyranose units.
221. The shape of the grain of different starches is characteristic for the plant derived from,
because the starches are secondary metabolites of the plants.
222. The starches can’t be separated completely from the plant material because the starches
are insoluble in cold water.
223. The first name of the plants denotes the genus while the second name denotes the
species because we use the binomial system of Linnaeus.
224. Pharmacognosy may not be defined as an applied science although it deals with the
biologic, biochemical and economic feature of natural drugs and their constituents.
225. Procyanidines consist of trimeric isoflavanon units because the biogenesis of these
compounds take place via geranyl-pyrophosphate route.
226. Anthraquinone derivatives have N atom in their molecule, therefore the anthraquinon
containing drugs are used as expectorant.
227. Kamala is used in veterinary as vermicide since the drug contains tetraterpenes and
aminoalcohols.
228. Quillaia bark is used in the treating of essential hypertension because it contains
ajmalin as chief glycoside.
43
PHARMACOGNOSY
229. The volatile oil content of the drugs can be determined quickly and correctly by steam
distillation, because the volatile oils distillate by steam.
230. Cassia flask is a very useful tool for assay of cinnamylaldehyde content of Cinnamon
oil, because the Cinnamon oil without eugenol has higher density than the water.
231. The prescriptions of the Pharmacopoeia have to be applied for the examination of drugs
with pharmacopoeial quality, because the drugs with pharmacopoeial quality have to
meet requirements the prescription of Pharmacopoeia in every respect.
232. Volatile oils are the mixture of mono- and sesquiterpenes and phenyl-propane
derivatives and they have pleasant odor so the volatile oils are used for covering up the
unpleasant smells and tastes for this reason.
233. The Myrtilli folium and fructus are used as antidiarrhoeal since the fruit has blackish
blue color and a very pleasant tart taste.
234. The hydrolisable tannins give precipitate with proteins and transform the hide into
leather since the hydrolisable tannins give a blue complex with iron-III-chloride.
235. Ergot contains no water soluble alkaloids therefore the Ergot extract is applied in
migraine treating.
236. Venoruton is a semisynthetic derivative of the routine therefore the Venoruton is used
in treating of gout.
237. The density of Cinnamon oil is higher than the water, if the main constituent the
cinnamyl aldehyde is extracted the density of the volatile oil remains unchanged.
238. The alkaloids of Cinchona bark are so strong basis that they can be quantified by
acidimetry, so the Hungarian Pharmacopoeia Edition VII. prescribes the acidimetry for
assay of alkaloid of Cinchona bark.
239. Podophylli rhyzome contains lignan derivatives therefore the drug is used as
antidiarrhoeal.
240. The Ergot is the sclerotia of a fungus Claviceps purpurea therefore the drug is stored in
a covered container on a humid place according to the prescription of PH. Hg. VII.
241. The alkaloids are nitrogen free organic compounds which under the vegetation period
attract the noxious insects to the plants.
242. The volatile oils usually have components with unpleasant odor because the volatile
oils occur together with fixed oils.
243. Vegetable drugs containing saponins are used as compresses because saponins are
accumulated in the roots of plants.
244. Vegetable drugs, their decoctions and infusions are used as expectorants because
saponins are desmosides of oleanolic acid and more rarely ursolic acid.
44
PHARMACOGNOSY
245. Hippophaeae fructus contains citric acid therefore it is used as appetizing in diatetic
teas.
246. Starches can be dissolved in diluted methanol by heating because starch consists of
branched α-amylose units.
247. Nitrogen atom of true alkaloids is always part of the side chain, while nitrogen atom of
pseudoalkaloids - derived from amino acids - is part of a hetercyclic ring.
249. Protoalkaloids are not synthetized from amino acids therefore their nitrogen atom is
part of an aliphatic side chain.
250. The true alkaloids as bases are soluble in organic solvents because they are nitrogen
containing heterocyclic compounds synthetised from amino acids.
251. All the alkaloids are synthetized through the nitrogen metabolism because their
precursors are the products of primary metabolism and related to the formation of
nitrogen - heterocyclics.
253. Conii fructus contamination in Anisi fructus is dangerous because Conii fructus does
not contain essential oil.
254. Adulteration of Tiliae flos with Tiliare argenteae flos can be distinguished by
microscopy because both vegetable drugs contain mucilage.
256. Saponins and sapogenins can be separated by gel chromatography because their
molecular mass are different.
257. The powdered / comminuted vegetable drug contaminated with toxic plant parts has to
be always eliminated because the toxic contamination can not be separated.
258. Oleum ricini of pharmacopoeial quality is prepared by cold expression because this
method is the most economic.
260. Frangulae cortex has to be stored for a year before use because anthranoles are oxidized
to the corresponding anthraquinones during storage and do not cause spasm.
45
PHARMACOGNOSY
261. Scopolamine is a true alkaloid because the precursor amino acid in scopolamine
biosynthesis is phenylalanine.
262. The ricine toxalbumine is only dissolved in cold oil therefore Oleum ricini is prepared
by cold expression.
263. Solanaceae leaf contamination in Althaeae folium can not be distinguished by chemical
reactions because both vegetable drugs contain alkaloids.
264. Morphine can be separated from the associate alkaloids in alcaline medium (pH 9-9.5)
because the associate alkaloids are dissolved as phenolates.
265. Hungarian Pharmacopoeia Editio VII. does not control Sambucus ebulus L. (dwarf
elder) adulteration in Sambucus niger L. because Sambucus ebulus L. is a toxic plant.
266. Atropine and cocaine can not be distinguished by Vitali reaction because both alkaloids
have ecgonine skeleton.
267. Atropine and scopolamine can not be distinguished by Vitali reaction because both
alkaloids have tropic acid in their structure.
46
PHARMACOGNOSY
5. An s we r k ey s
1.A 19.D 37.A 55.A
2.A 20.D 38.C 56.B
3.A 21.C 39.A 57.A
4.C 22.B 40.A 58.E
5.D 23.A 41.C 59.C
6.C 24.E 42.B 60.D
7.C 25.D 43.D 61.D
8.D 26.C 44.D 62.E
9.C 27.C 45.D 63.C
10.C 28.D 46.C 64.E
11.E 29.C 47.A 65.D
12.D 30.D 48.C 66.A
13.D 31.D 49.C 67.E
14.B 32.D 50.B 68.B
15.B 33.B 51.C 69.E
16.C 34.E 52.E 70.E
17.B 35.A 53.B 71.C
18.C 36.B 54.B
47
PHARMACOGNOSY
163.1.F 173.1.E 182.3.A 191.6.A
163.2.E 173.2.C 182.4.A 191.7.A
163.3.D 173.3.A 182.5.A 192.1.D
163.4.C 173.4.F 182.6.B 192.2.C
163.5.A 173.5.D 182.7.B 192.3.E
163. Ø.6 173.6. Ø 183.1.B 192.4.B
163. Ø B 173.7.B 183.2.A 192.5.A
164.1.A 174.1.D 183.3.A 192.6. Ø
164.B.B 174.2.A 183.4.A 192.F. Ø
165.1.C 174.3.B 183.5.B 193.1.B
165.2.A 174.4. Ø 183.6.B 193.2.A
165.3.E 174.5.C 183.7. Ø 193.3.A
165.4.B 174.6.E 184.1. Ø 193.4.B
165.5.D 175.1.B 184.2. Ø 193.5.A
165.6. Ø 175.2.B 184.3.A 193.6.A
166.1.B 175.3.A 184.4.A 194.1.A
166.2.B 175.4.A 184.5.A 194.2.A
166.3.B 175.5.A 184.6.B 194.3.B
166.4.A 175.6.B 184.7.B 194.4.A
166.5.A 176.1.B 185.1.A 194.5.A
166.6.A 176.2.A 185.2.B 194.6.B
166.7.B 176.3.A 185.3.A 195.1.E
166.8.A 176.4.B 185.4.B 195.2.A
167.1.A 176.5.A 185.5.B 195.3.B
167.2.B 176.6.A 185.6.B 195.4.C
167.3.B 176.7.B 185.7.B 195.5.D
167.4.A 176.8.B 185.8.A 195.6. Ø
167.5.A 177.1.A 186.1.D 196.1.D
167.6.B 177.2.B 186.2.E 196.2.B
167.7.A 177.3.A 186.3.A 196.3.C
167.8. Ø 177.4.A 186.4. Ø 196.4.A
168.1.C 177.5.B 186.5.B 196. Ø.E
168.2.E 177.6.B 186. Ø.C 197.1.D
168.3.D 177.7.B 187.1.A 197.2.C
168.4.F 177.8.B 187.2.A 197.3.B
168.5.B 178.1. Ø 187.3.A 197.4.E
168. Ø.A 178.2.C 187.4.A 197.5. Ø
169.1.C 178.3.A 187.5.B 197. Ø.E
169.2.D 178.4.D 187.6.B 198.1.B
169.3.E 178.5.B 188.1.D 198.2.A
169.4.B 178. Ø.E 188.2.A 198.3.B
169.5.A 179.1.A 188.3.B 198.4.A
169.6. Ø 179.2.B 188.4.C 198.5.B
169.7.F 179.3.B 188.5. Ø 198.6.A
169.8.G 179.4.A 189.1.A 198.7.A
170.1.C 179.5.B 189.2.B 198.8. Ø
170.2.A 179.6.A 189.3.A 199.1.D
170.3.D 179.7.A 189.4.A 199.3.C
170.4.B 179.8.B 189.5.A 199.4.A
170.5.E 180.1.D 189.6.B 199.5.B
170.6. Ø 180.2.B 189.7.B 199.2. Ø
171.1.C 180.3.E 189.8.B 199. Ø.E
171.2.E 180.4.A 190.1.D 200.1.D
171.3.B 180.5. Ø 190.2.F 200.2.B
171.4.A 180. Ø.C 190.3.C 200.3.C
171.5.D 181.1.B 190.4.B 200.4.A
171.6.F 181.2.C 190.6.A 200.5.A
172.2.C 181.3.A 190. Ø.E 200.6. Ø
172.3.B 181.4. Ø 191.1.B 201.1.D
172.4.A 181.5.D 191.2.A 201.2.A
172.5.D 181. Ø.E 191.3.B 201.3.E
172. Ø.E 182.1.A 191.4.A 201.4.B
172.1. Ø 182.2.B 191.5.B 201.5.C
48
PHARMACOGNOSY
201.6. Ø 206.1.D 210.2.B 213.5.A
202.1.B 206.2.A 210.2.C 213.6.D
202.2.A 206.3.B 210.2.D 214.1.E
202.3.A 206.4.C 210.1.E 214.2.A
202.4.A 206. Ø.E 210.2.F 214.3.D
202.5.A 207.1.C 211.1.D 214.4.C
203.1.E 207.2.D 211.2.C 214.5.B
203.2.A 207.3.A 211.3.A 214.6. Ø
203.3.D 207.4.B 211.4.B 216.1.B
203.4.C 207. Ø.E 211.5.F 216.2.A
203.5.B 208.1.D 211. Ø.E 216.3.D
204.1. Ø 208.2.E 212.1.E 216.4.C
204.2.C 208.3.B 212.2.C 216.5.E
204.3.B 208.4.C 212.3.D 217.1.E
204.4.A 209.1.C 212.4.B 217.2.C
204.5.D 209.2.D 212.5.A 217.3.A
205.1.C 209.3.A 212.6. Ø 217.4.B
205.2.A 209.4.B 213.1. Ø 217.5.D
205.3.B 209.5.E 213.2.B
205.4.D 209.6. Ø 213.3.C
205.5. Ø 210.2.A 213.4.E
49