Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 1K views

    Opening and Closing A File in C++

    Uploaded by

    Pragya Pandya
    The document discusses file handling in C++. It describes the ifstream, ofstream, and fstream classes which represent input, output, and general file streams. It covers opening and closing files using the open() and close() member functions. It provides examples of writing to files using << and reading from files using >> along with sample code demonstrating reading from and writing to files in C++.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Opening and Closing A File in C++

    Uploaded by

    Pragya Pandya
    1K views4 pages
    The document discusses file handling in C++. It describes the ifstream, ofstream, and fstream classes which represent input, output, and general file streams. It covers opening and closing files using the open() and close() member functions. It provides examples of writing to files using << and reading from files using >> along with sample code demonstrating reading from and writing to files in C++.

    Original Description:

    prog

    Original Title

    Prog _1

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses file handling in C++. It describes the ifstream, ofstream, and fstream classes which represent input, output, and general file streams. It covers opening and closing files using the open() and close() member functions. It provides examples of writing to files using << and reading from files using >> along with sample code demonstrating reading from and writing to files in C++.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    1K views4 pages

    Opening and Closing A File in C++

    Uploaded by

    Pragya Pandya
    The document discusses file handling in C++. It describes the ifstream, ofstream, and fstream classes which represent input, output, and general file streams. It covers opening and closing files using the open() and close() member functions. It provides examples of writing to files using << and reading from files using >> along with sample code demonstrating reading from and writing to files in C++.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    Ofstream: This file handling class in C++ signifies the output file stream and is applied to create files

    for
    writing information to files
    Ifstream: This file handling class in C++ signifies the input file stream and is applied for reading
    information from files
    Fstream: This file handling class in C++ signifies the file stream generally, and has the capabilities for
    representing both ofstream and ifstream
    All the above three classes are derived from fstreambase and from the corresponding iostream class and
    they are designed specifically to manage disk files.
    Opening and Closing a File in C++
    If programmers want to use a disk file for storing data, they need to decide about the following things
    about the file and its intended use. These points that are to be noted are:
    A name for the file
    Data type and structure of the file
    Purpose (reading, writing data)
    Opening method
    Closing the file (after use)
    Files can be opened in two ways. They are:
    Using constructor function of the class
    Using member function open of the class
    Opening a File
    The first operation generally performed on an object of one of these classes to use a file is the
    procedure known as to opening a file. An open file is represented within a program by a stream and any
    input or output task performed on this stream will be applied to the physical file associated with it. The
    syntax of opening a file in C++ is:
    open (filename, mode);
    There are some mode flags used for file opening. These are:
    ios::app: append mode
    ios::ate: open a file in this mode for output and read/write controlling to the end of the file
    ios::in: open file in this mode for reading
    ios::out: open file in this mode for writing
    ios::trunk: when any file already exists, its contents will be truncated before file opening
    Closing a file in C++
    When any C++ program terminates, it automatically flushes out all the streams releases all the allocated
    memory and closes all the opened files. But it is good to use the close() function to close the file related
    streams and it is a member of ifsream, ofstream and fstream objects.
    The structure of using this function is:
    void close();
    General functions used for File handling
    open(): To create a file
    close(): To close an existing file
    get(): to read a single character from the file
    put(): to write a single character in the file
    read(): to read data from a file
    write(): to write data into a file
    Reading from and writing to a File
    While doing C++ program, programmers write information to a file from the program using the stream
    insertion operator (<<) and reads information using the stream extraction operator (>>). The only
    difference is that for files programmers need to use an ofstream or fstream object instead of the cout
    object and ifstream or fstream object instead of the cin object.
    Example: #include<iostream>
    #include <iostream> #include<fstream>
    #include <fstream.h>
    int main()
    void main () { {
    ofstream file; ofstream ofile;
    file.open ("egone.txt"); ofile.open ("text.txt");
    file << "Writing to a file in ofile << "Computer Science << endl;
    C++...."; cout << "Data written to file" << endl;
    file.close(); ofile.close();
    getch(); return 0;
    } }

    Another Program for File Handling in C++


    #include<iostream> #include <iostream>
    #include<fstream> #include<fstream.h>

    int main() void main()


    { {
    char data[100]; char c,fn[10];
    ifstream ifile; cout<<"Enter the file name....:";
    cin>>fn;
    ifstream in(fn);
    //create a text file before
    if(!in)
    executing.
    {
    ifile.open ("text.txt");
    cout<<"Error! File Does not
    while ( !ifile.eof() )
    Exist";
    {
    getch();
    ifile.getline (data, 100);
    return;
    cout << data << endl;
    }
    }
    cout<<endl<<endl;
    ifile.close();
    while(in.eof()==0)
    return 0;
    {
    }
    in.get(c);
    cout<<c;
    }
    getch();
    }

    Another C++ Program to Print Hello GS to the Console


    Example:
    #include <iostream>
    #include<fstream.h>
    #include<math.h>

    void main()
    {
    ofstream fileo("Filethree");
    fileo<<"Hello GS";
    fileo.close();
    ifstream fin("Filethree");
    char ch;
    while(fin)
    {
    fin.get(ch);
    cout<<ch;
    }
    fin.close();
    getch();
    }

    #include <iostream>
    int main( )
    {
    cerr << "An error occured";

    return 0;
    }

    #include <iostream>
    int main( )
    {
    char sample[] = " Computer Science ";
    cout << sample << " – Study Data File Handling ";

    return 0;
    }

    #include<iostream>
    int main()
    {
    int age;

    cout << "Enter your age:";


    cin >> age;
    cout << "\nYour age is: "<<age;

    return 0;
    }
    /* C++ File Handling - Store information into the file in C++ */

    #include<iostream.h>
    #include<conio.h>
    #include<fstream.h>
    void main()
    {
    ofstream fout;
    char fname[20];
    char rec[80];
    clrscr();

    cout<<"Enter file name: ";


    cin>>fname;

    fout.open(fname, ios::out);
    cout<<"Enter a word: ";
    cin>>rec;
    fout<<rec;
    cout<<"Data inserted successfully..!!";

    fout.close();
    getch();
    }
    * C++ File Handling - Retrieve information from the file in C++ */

    #include<iostream.h>
    #include<conio.h>
    #include<fstream.h>
    void main()
    {
    ifstream fin;
    char fname[20];
    char rec[80];
    clrscr();

    cout<<"Enter file name: ";


    cin>>fname;

    cout<<"The file contains:\n";


    fin.open(fname, ios::in);
    fin.get(rec, 80);
    cout<<rec;

    fin.close();
    getch();
    }

    You might also like