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    Albert Bandura

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    Jonna Mae Quinonero
    Albert Bandura was a renowned psychologist born in 1925 who developed social learning theory and social cognitive theory. Some key points of his work include: 1) Social learning theory posits that people can learn through observation alone, without direct reinforcement, and that learning is influenced by cognitive and environmental factors. 2) Social cognitive theory expanded on this, explaining human behavior as arising from the reciprocal interplay between cognitive, behavioral, and environmental influences. 3) Bandura identified advanced human capabilities like symbolizing, self-regulation, self-reflection, and vicarious learning that distinguish human cognition from simple behavioral models.

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    Albert Bandura

    Uploaded by

    Jonna Mae Quinonero
    111 views4 pages
    Albert Bandura was a renowned psychologist born in 1925 who developed social learning theory and social cognitive theory. Some key points of his work include: 1) Social learning theory posits that people can learn through observation alone, without direct reinforcement, and that learning is influenced by cognitive and environmental factors. 2) Social cognitive theory expanded on this, explaining human behavior as arising from the reciprocal interplay between cognitive, behavioral, and environmental influences. 3) Bandura identified advanced human capabilities like symbolizing, self-regulation, self-reflection, and vicarious learning that distinguish human cognition from simple behavioral models.

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    Albert Bandura was a renowned psychologist born in 1925 who developed social learning theory and social cognitive theory. Some key points of his work include: 1) Social learning theory posits that people can learn through observation alone, without direct reinforcement, and that learning is influenced by cognitive and environmental factors. 2) Social cognitive theory expanded on this, explaining human behavior as arising from the reciprocal interplay between cognitive, behavioral, and environmental influences. 3) Bandura identified advanced human capabilities like symbolizing, self-regulation, self-reflection, and vicarious learning that distinguish human cognition from simple behavioral models.

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    111 views4 pages

    Albert Bandura

    Uploaded by

    Jonna Mae Quinonero
    Albert Bandura was a renowned psychologist born in 1925 who developed social learning theory and social cognitive theory. Some key points of his work include: 1) Social learning theory posits that people can learn through observation alone, without direct reinforcement, and that learning is influenced by cognitive and environmental factors. 2) Social cognitive theory expanded on this, explaining human behavior as arising from the reciprocal interplay between cognitive, behavioral, and environmental influences. 3) Bandura identified advanced human capabilities like symbolizing, self-regulation, self-reflection, and vicarious learning that distinguish human cognition from simple behavioral models.

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    COLEGIO DE STA ANA DE VICTORIAS

    OSMEÑA AVE., VICTORIAS CITY, NEGROS OCCIDENTAL

    COURSE: HBSE 122


    TOPIC: Albert Bandura
    PROFFESOR: Ms. Itchel Duggar
    REPORTER: Suite Maria Aurea Planas

    ALBERT BANDURA

     Born on December 4, 1925 and the youngest child, and only son, in a family of six.
     he has been responsible for contributions to the field of education and to many fields of
    psychology, including social cognitive theory, therapy, and personality psychology, and was also
    influential in the transition between behaviorism and cognitive psychology. .
     A 2002 survey ranked Bandura as the fourth most-frequently cited psychologist of all time,
    behind B. F. Skinner, Sigmund Freud, and Jean Piaget,
     Bandura is widely described as the greatest living psychologist, and as one of the most influential
    psychologists of all time.
     At the age of 82, Bandura was awarded the Grawemeyer Award for psychology.
     He married Virginia Varns (1921–2011) in 1952, and they raised two daughters, Carol and Mary.

    Social learning theory


    The initial phase of Bandura's research analyzed the foundations of human learning and the
    willingness of children and adults to imitate behavior observed in others, in particular, aggression.
    He found that according to Social Learning theory, models are an important source for learning new
    behaviors and for achieving behavioral change in institutionalized settings.
    Social learning theory integrated behavioral and cognitive theories of learning in order to provide a
    comprehensive model that could account for the wide range of learning experiences that occur in the real
    world. Social learning theories are as follows:

    1. Learning is not purely behavioral; rather, it is a cognitive process that takes place in a social
    context.
    2. Learning can occur by observing a behavior and by observing the consequences of the behavior
    (vicarious reinforcement).
    3. Learning involves observation, extraction of information from those observations, and making
    decisions about the performance of the behavior (observational learning or modeling). Thus,
    learning can occur without an observable change in behavior.
    4. Reinforcement plays a role in learning but is not entirely responsible for learning.
    5. The learner is not a passive recipient of information. Cognition, environment, and behavior all
    mutually influence each other (reciprocal determinism)
    Social learning theory draws heavily on the concept of modeling as described above. Bandura outlined
    three types of modeling stimuli:

    1. Live models, where a person is demonstrating the desired behavior


    2. Verbal instruction, in which an individual describes the desired behavior in detail and instructs the
    participant in how to engage in the behavior
    3. Symbolic, in which modeling occurs by means of the media, including movies, television, Internet,
    literature, and radio. Stimuli can be either real or fictional characters.
    Social cognitive theory
    Is a learning theory based on the idea that people learn by observing others. These learned
    behaviors can be central to one's personality. While social psychologists agree that the environment one
    grows up in contributes to behavior, the individual person (and therefore cognition) is just as important.
    People learn by observing others, with the environment, behavior, and cognition acting as primary factors
    that influence development in a reciprocal triadic relationship. Each behavior witnessed can change a
    person's way of thinking (cognition). Similarly, the environment one is raised in may influence later
    behaviors. For example, a caregiver's mindset (also cognition) determines the environment in which their
    children are raised.
    The core concepts of this theory are explained by Bandura through a schematization of triadic reciprocal
    causation. The schema shows how the reproduction of an observed behavior is influenced by the
    interaction of the following three determinants:

    1. Personal: Whether the individual has high or low self-efficacy toward the behavior (i.e. Get the
    learner to believe in his or her personal abilities to correctly complete a behavior).
    2. Behavioral: The response an individual receives after they perform a behavior (i.e. Provide
    chances for the learner to experience successful learning as a result of performing the behavior
    correctly).
    3. Environmental: Aspects of the environment or setting that influence the individual's ability to
    successfully complete a behavior (i.e. Make environmental conditions conducive for improved self-
    efficacy by providing appropriate support and materials).

    It is important to note that learning can occur without a change in behavior. The general principles of
    social learning, while a visible change in behavior is the most common proof of learning, it is not absolutely
    necessary. Social learning theorists believe that because people can learn through observation alone, their
    learning may not necessarily be shown in their performance.
    Human capability
    Evolving over time, human beings are featured with advanced neutral systems, which enable individuals to
    acquire knowledge and skills by both direct and symbolic terms. Four primary capabilities are addressed as
    important foundations of social cognitive theory: symbolizing capability, self-regulation capability, self-
    reflective capability, and vicarious capability.

    1. Symbolizing Capability: People are affected not only by direct experience but also indirect events.
    Instead of merely learning through laborious trial-and-error process, human beings are able to
    symbolically perceive events conveyed in messages, construct possible solutions, and evaluate
    the anticipated outcomes.
    2. Self-regulation Capability: Individuals can regulate their own intentions and behaviors by
    themselves. Self-regulation lies on both negative and positive feedback systems, in which
    discrepancy reduction and discrepancy production are involved.
    3. Self-reflective Capability: Human beings can evaluate their thoughts and actions by themselves,
    which is identified as another distinct feature of human beings.
    4. Vicarious Capability: One critical ability human being featured is to adopt skills and knowledge from
    information communicated through a wide array of mediums. By vicariously observing others’
    actions and its consequences, individuals can gain insights into their own activities

    Modeling and underlying cognitive processes


    Exactly what information is gleaned from observation is influenced by the type of model, as well as a series
    of cognitive and behavioral processes, including:

     Attention – in order to learn, observers must attend to the modeled behavior. Experimental
    studies have found that awareness of what is being learned and the mechanism of reinforcement
    greatly boosts learning outcomes. Attention is impacted by characteristics of the observers.
     Retention – In order to reproduce an observed behavior, observers must be able to remember
    features of the behavior.
     Reproduction – By reproduction, Bandura refers not to the propagation of the model but the
    implementation of it. This requires a degree of cognitive skill, and may in some cases
    require sensorimotor capabilities. Reproduction can be difficult because in the case of behaviors that
    are reinforced through self.
     Motivation – The decision to reproduce (or refrain from reproducing) an observed behavior is
    dependent on the motivations and expectations of the observer, including anticipated consequences
    and internal standards.
    Social cognitive theory emphasizes a large difference between an individual's ability to be morally
    competent and morally performing. Moral competence involves having the ability to perform a moral
    behavior, whereas moral performance indicates actually following one's idea of moral behavior in a specific
    situation. Moral competencies include:

     what an individual is capable of


     what an individual knows
     what an individual's skills are
     an individual's awareness of moral rules and regulations
     an individual's cognitive ability to construct behaviors
    Human agency
    Social cognitive theory is proposed in an agented perspective, which suggests that, instead of being just
    shaped by environments or inner forces, individuals are self-developing, self-regulating, self-reflecting and
    proactive. Specifically, human agency operates within three modes:

     Individual Agency: A person’s own influence on the environment;


     Proxy Agency: Another person’s effort on securing the individual’s interests;
     Collective Agency: A group of people work together to achieve the common benefits.
    Human agency has four core properties:

     Intentionality: Individuals’ active decision on engaging in certain activities;


     Forethought: Individuals’ ability to anticipate the outcome of certain actions;
     Self-reactiveness: Individuals’ ability to construct and regulate appropriate behaviors;
     Self-reflectiveness: Individuals’ ability to reflect and evaluate the soundness of their cognitions and
    behaviors.

    Implications to Social Work


     Social workers in every field face the obstacles and challenges that come with trying to understand
    human behavior. Gaining this insight is a complex and layered process, and social workers employ
    a variety of theories to achieve positive results for their clients. One such theory is called social
    learning theory.
     A social worker who understands social learning theory can better utilize practice models to handle
    behavioral conflicts no matter the setting — whether it’s teaching in a high school, counseling
    people struggling with mental illness or rehabilitating men who abuse their partners.
     A social worker who understands these theories can better utilize practice models to handle
    behavioral conflicts no matter the setting — whether it’s teaching in a high school, counseling
    people struggling with mental illness or rehabilitating men who abuse their partners. Social learning
    theory is important for social workers to do their best work and achieve the type of growth they
    seek for the communities they work with. This theory can help explain and treat the identifiable
    cause of certain behaviors.
     Social workers can leverage these theories in almost every difficult situation to figure out the best
    solution. Expanding your knowledge of all social work theories and relevant practices can help you
    to be better prepared for your next challenge in the field.

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