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    Relationship Between Body Systems

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    G8 Akshita Biswas
    The cardiovascular system transports oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to tissues and carbon dioxide back to the lungs. The respiratory system inhales oxygen through the nose and throat into alveoli in the lungs where gas exchange occurs. The digestive system breaks down food through chewing, stomach acids, and pancreatic enzymes before nutrients are absorbed in the small intestines. Undigested waste travels through the large intestines and is excreted by the kidneys and urinary system. The endocrine system uses hormones to regulate organs and tissues while the immune system defends against pathogens using cells like lymphocytes. The integumentary system protects the body as skin and detects touch through nerves. The nervous system controls both voluntary and involuntary body functions and

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    Relationship Between Body Systems

    Uploaded by

    G8 Akshita Biswas
    38 views2 pages
    The cardiovascular system transports oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to tissues and carbon dioxide back to the lungs. The respiratory system inhales oxygen through the nose and throat into alveoli in the lungs where gas exchange occurs. The digestive system breaks down food through chewing, stomach acids, and pancreatic enzymes before nutrients are absorbed in the small intestines. Undigested waste travels through the large intestines and is excreted by the kidneys and urinary system. The endocrine system uses hormones to regulate organs and tissues while the immune system defends against pathogens using cells like lymphocytes. The integumentary system protects the body as skin and detects touch through nerves. The nervous system controls both voluntary and involuntary body functions and

    Original Description:

    For students in Grades 8 and 9 regarding the different body systems and their function.

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    The cardiovascular system transports oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to tissues and carbon dioxide back to the lungs. The respiratory system inhales oxygen through the nose and throat into alveoli in the lungs where gas exchange occurs. The digestive system breaks down food through chewing, stomach acids, and pancreatic enzymes before nutrients are absorbed in the small intestines. Undigested waste travels through the large intestines and is excreted by the kidneys and urinary system. The endocrine system uses hormones to regulate organs and tissues while the immune system defends against pathogens using cells like lymphocytes. The integumentary system protects the body as skin and detects touch through nerves. The nervous system controls both voluntary and involuntary body functions and

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    38 views2 pages

    Relationship Between Body Systems

    Uploaded by

    G8 Akshita Biswas
    The cardiovascular system transports oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to tissues and carbon dioxide back to the lungs. The respiratory system inhales oxygen through the nose and throat into alveoli in the lungs where gas exchange occurs. The digestive system breaks down food through chewing, stomach acids, and pancreatic enzymes before nutrients are absorbed in the small intestines. Undigested waste travels through the large intestines and is excreted by the kidneys and urinary system. The endocrine system uses hormones to regulate organs and tissues while the immune system defends against pathogens using cells like lymphocytes. The integumentary system protects the body as skin and detects touch through nerves. The nervous system controls both voluntary and involuntary body functions and

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems

    The cardiovascular system with its heart-pump and network of arteries and veins shuttles oxygen-
    rich blood from the lungs to all of the body's organs and tissues. Cells throughout the body take
    their fill of oxygen and nutrients and dispose of carbon dioxide and waste products, which
    eventually flow back to the heart's right-sided chambers; then on to the lungs to exchange carbon
    dioxide with oxygen. Inhaled air passes through your nasal passages, throat and lung airways
    reaching tiny alveoli, the site of gas exchange. The newly oxygen-rich blood travels back from the
    lungs to the heart's left-sided chambers, where it gets pumped out at great pressure via arteries
    to reach the needy tissues once again. And so the cycle continues. Other organ systems, such as
    the endocrine and nervous system, directly and indirectly regulate the cardiovascular system.

    Digestive and Excretory Systems

    The digestive system is responsible for breaking down food into molecules small enough to be
    used by the body's cells and tissues. The food is broken apart through chewing and stomach
    churning, but also chemically -- through the stomach's acid-loving enzymes, and on to the small
    intestine, which receives pancreatic enzymes and juices specially tailored to dissolve and digest
    proteins, carbohydrates and fibers. Bile from the liver also works on fats. Though absorption of
    some drugs and alcohol may start in the stomach, absorption is mainly the function of the small
    intestines. Digestible nutrients pass through from the small intestines and their microvilli to
    capillaries and on to the liver for detoxification and further processing and conditioning, then out
    to the body.

    Fibers, undigestible material, bile and loads of bacteria travel through the large intestines and out
    through the colon and rectum. The kidneys filter out wastes from the blood to form urine, which
    flows down the ureters and enters the urinary bladder. The bladder collects the urine and releases
    when full, out through a the urethra.

    Both digestive and excretory systems are regulated with input from the nervous system and
    endocrine system, and the cardiovascular system is inextricably linked with bowel and kidney
    function on multiple levels.

    Endocrine and Immune Systems

    The endocrine system system uses hormones, or chemical messengers across distances to effect
    target organs and tissues. Hormones are typically produced by a gland such as the pituitary,
    thyroid or gonads, and released into the bloodstream. The pituitary is is considered a master
    gland, since it governs the release of hormones by other glands. Unlike the nervous system, there
    is no physical "wiring" with neurons, however, and the hormones reach their target via the blood
    stream, where they exert their effect. The endocrine and nervous system may work together on
    the same organ, and each may influence the actions of the other system. The endocrine system
    largely governs many processes related to reproduction and sexual maturity, as well.

    The immune system is a network of cells, tissues and organs that work together to attack
    pathogens that try to invade your body. Bacteria, parasites and fungi that may cause infection
    meet a system of immune soldiers, including T-lymphocytes, macrophages and neutrophils. With
    time, the immune system's B-lymphocytes can produce antibodies against a new unknown
    invader. The immune system also plays a role in detecting non-self markers on cells that may
    arise in cancer cells and due to organ transplants.

    Stress, as perceived by the nervous system, can have a remarkable impact on the immune
    system and also the digestive system, which happens to be another major site of immune cell
    activity.

    Integumentary and Nervous Systems

    The integumentary system, or skin, is the body's first line of defense. It regulates body
    temperature, protects underlying layers of tissue from sun damage and prevents pathogens from
    freely entering your body. The integumentary system is also home to millions of nerves that
    respond to touch, pressure and pain. There are two interconnected nervous systems: the central
    nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system includes the
    spinal cord and the brain, which gets the information from the body and sends out instructions.
    The peripheral nervous system includes all of the nerves and sends messages from the brain to
    the rest of the body. The nervous system controls both voluntary and involuntary, automatic
    activities and bodily functions.

    Both the nervous system and endocrine system serve to integrate the body's various other
    systems, keeping things in synch. When the cardiovascular system is low on fluid, such as in
    severe dehydration, the skin loses its normal resiliency and can actually form a "tent" when
    pinched, instead of springing back into shape.

    Skeletal and Muscular Systems

    The system that provides your body's shape is the skeletal system, and it is made up of cartilage
    and bone. There are 206 bones in the human skeleton that provide a hard framework able to
    support the body and protect the organs that they surround. Cartilage provides support with
    flexibility and resistance, and acts as padding to soften the pressure that is exerted from the
    bones. Movement in the body is the result of muscle contraction; when muscles combine with the
    action of joints and bones, obvious movements are performed, such as jumping and walking. The
    contraction of muscles provides the body posture, joint stability and heat production.

    Further link:

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44B0ms3XPKU&t=313s

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