Introduction To The World of Computers
Introduction To The World of Computers
Introduction To The World of Computers
Introduction to the
World of Computers
What Is a Computer and What Does
It Do?
• Computer
– A programmable, electronic device that accepts data,
performs operations on that data, and stores the data or
results as needed
– Computers follow instructions, called programs, which
determine the tasks the computer will perform
• Basic operations
– Input: Entering data into the computer
– Processing: Performing operations on the data
– Output: Presenting the results
– Storage: Saving data, programs, or output for future use
– Communications: Sending or receiving data
• Data
– Raw, unorganized facts
– Can be in the form of text, graphics, audio, or video
• Information
– Data that has been processed into a meaningful form
• Information processing
– Converting data into information
012569856
SSN
012569856
• Input devices
– Used to input data into the computer
– Keyboards, mice, scanners, cameras, microphones,
joysticks, touch pads, touch screens, fingerprint readers,
sensors, etc.
• Processing devices
– Perform calculations and control computer’s operation
– Central processing unit (CPU) and memory
• Output devices
– Present results to the user
– Monitors, printers, speakers, projectors, sensors, haptics,
etc.
• Storage devices
– Used to store data on or access data from storage media
– Hard drives, CD/DVD discs and drives, USB flash drives, etc.
• Communications devices
– Allow users to communicate with others and to
electronically access remote information
– Modems, network adapters, etc.
• Software
– The programs or instructions used to tell the computer
hardware what to do
• System software
– Operating system starts up the computer and controls its
operation
– Without OS, computer cannot function
– Boots the computer and launches programs at the user’s
direction - please research the Boot Process located here:
http://www.webopedia.com/DidYouKnow/Hardware_Software/2004/BootProcess.asp
• Computer network
– A collection of hardware and other devices that are
connected together
– Users can share hardware, software, and data
– Users can communicate with each other
• Network servers
– Manage resources on a network
• Search site:
• Web page that helps you find Web
pages containing the information
you are seeking
– Typically search using keywords
• Reference Sites
– Look up addresses,
telephone numbers, ZIP codes,
maps, etc.