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    Scheil Equation

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    Scheil Equation

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    Scheil Equation

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    260 views2 pages

    Scheil Equation

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    Scheil Equation

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    12/13/2019 Scheil equation - Wikipedia

    Scheil equation
    In metallurgy, the Scheil-Gulliver equation (or Scheil equation) describes solute
    redistribution during solidification of an alloy.

    Assumptions
    Four key assumptions in Scheil analysis enable determination of phases present in a cast part.
    These assumptions are:

    1. No diffusion occurs in solid phases once they are formed ( )


    2. Infinitely fast diffusion occurs in the liquid at all temperatures by virtue of a high diffusion
    coefficient, thermal convection, Marangoni convection, etc. ( )
    3. Equilibrium exists at the solid-liquid interface, and so compositions from the phase diagram are
    valid
    4. Solidus and liquidus are straight segments
    The fourth condition (straight solidus/liquidus segments) may be relaxed when numerical
    techniques are used, such as those used in CALPHAD software packages, though these calculations
    rely on calculated equilibrium phase diagrams. Calculated diagrams may include odd artifacts (i.e.
    retrograde solubility) that influence Scheil calculations.

    Derivation

    The hatched areas in the figure represent the amount of solute in the solid and liquid. Considering
    that the total amount of solute in the system must be conserved, the areas are set equal as follows:

    Since the partition coefficient (related to solute distribution) is

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scheil_equation 1/2
    12/13/2019 Scheil equation - Wikipedia

    (determined from the phase diagram)

    and mass must be conserved

    the mass balance may be rewritten as

    Using the boundary condition

    at

    the following integration may be performed:

    Integrating results in the Scheil-Gulliver equation for composition of the liquid during
    solidification:

    or for the composition of the solid:

    References
    Gulliver, G.H., J. Inst. Met., 9:120, 1913.
    Kou, S., Welding Metallurgy, 2nd Edition, Wiley -Interscience, 2003.
    Porter, D. A., and Easterling, K. E., Phase Transformations in Metals and Alloys (2nd Edition),
    Chapman & Hall, 1992.
    Scheil, E., Z. Metallk., 34:70, 1942.
    Karl B. Rundman Principles of Metal Casting Textbook - Michigan Technological University
    H. Fredriksson, Y. Akerlind, Materials Processing during Casting, Chapter 7, Wiley:Hoboken,
    2006.

    Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scheil_equation&oldid=897962106"

    This page was last edited on 20 May 2019, at 13:33 (UTC).

    Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using
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    Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scheil_equation 2/2

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