S.I.P. Chapter 2

Chapter 2
Review of Related Literature and Studies
Foreign Literature
Citronella oil is an essential oil used in aromatherapy and in

cosmetics as well but, it is more commonly used in insect repellents and in
ointments because of its bright citrusy smell that compels mosquitos
away. Citronella was originally used for perfumes in the 18 th century
before it was discovered as an effective insect repellent at the beginning
of the 20th century.
According to an article on healthline written by Jill Seladi-

Schulman, PhD that Citronella oil is an essential oil that’s made from the
distillation of the Asian grass plant Cymbopogon nardus and got its name
from the French word meaning “lemon balm” due to its floral, citrus like
aroma.
Like many essential oils, citronella oil has certain benefits, and has
been used in China and Indonesia for centuries to treat rashes, infections,
and other health conditions but thanks to our modern technology and past
studies about the said grass plant, the benefits and use of the Citronella
oil become very broad and it is now used as an antifungal agent,
treatment for parasitic infections, it promotes wound healing, and it is also
used to lift mood and fight fatigue.
Today, citronella oil is probably best known as a natural insect

repellent but, its benefits and uses can be extended to so much more than
just repelling bugs away.
According to New Directions aromatic blogs Citronella essential
oil is beneficial for promoting and maintaining a rejuvenated complexion
for all skin types. It is also known to facilitate the healing of skin conditions
such as acne, eczema, and dermatitis. For its ability to boost the healing
of wounds, it is ideal for use on bug bites, sores, swelling, warts, and
fungal infections.
The relevance of this study to the research is evidence on how

citronella oil is an effective insect repellent and ointment.
Local Literature
According to Isabelo Llanto (2011) Citronella oil is one of the

essential oils obtained from the leaves and stems of different species of
Cymbopogon. The oil is used extensively as a source of perfumery
chemicals such as citronellal, citronellol and geraniol. These chemicals
find extensive use in soap, perfumery, cosmetic and flavoring industries
throughout the world. He added that they are on the process of
propagating more Citronella plants to obtain more production, especially
since it is said to be source of oils.
Dr. Bienvenido Domingo (2011), dean of the College of

Agriculture, said they will establish an oil extractor machine to conduct a
thorough study on the plant.
This study shows the use and contribution of the citronella plant to
the economic industry of the Philippines in terms of cosmetics and medical
care.
Foreign Studies
According to Maia, Marta Ferreria and Moore, Sarah J. (2011),

plant-based repellents have been used for generations in traditional
practice as a personal protection measure against host-seeking
mosquitos. Knowledge on traditional repellent plants obtained through
ethnobotanical studies is valuable resource for the development of new
natural products.
Recently, commercial repellent products containing plant-based

ingredients have gained increasing popularity among consumers, as these
are commonly perceived as “safe” in comparison to long-established
synthetic repellents, although this is sometimes a misconception.
To date insufficient studies have followed standard WHO Pesticide

Evaluation Scheme guidelines for repellent testing. There is a further
standardized studies in order to better evaluate repellent compounds and
develop new products that offer high repellency as well as good consumer
safety.
This paper presents a summary of recent information on testing,

efficacy and safety of plant-based repellents as well as promising new
developments in the field. This study shows relevance to the undertaking
of citronella ointment as an insect repellent.
Local Studies
According to Pinoy Warrior (2016), Our Citronella Essential oil is

grown and extracted here in the Philippines. A close cousin of
Lemongrass, Citronella has been used in fragrances for a very long time.
Although its medicinal benefits aren’t popularly recognized, Citronella
benefits mirror that of Lemongrass which are antibacterial, antifungal,
antiseptic and anti-depressant properties.
Popularly known as an insect repellent, Citronella lives up to its

reputation by warding of mosquitoes and other disease carrying insects.
Highly recognizable because of its strong odor and lemony scent,
Citronella can be combined with other essential oils to produce a more
desirable smelling concoction.
To tell apart from Lemongrass, Citronella has red pigments on its

stem while the Lemongrass has green. The leaves of Citronella are also
wider compared to its cousin. Our Citronella Essential oil comes from the
farmers of Misamis Occidental.
This study is related to the undertaking of the citronella ointment as

a mosquito repellent because the research was conducted in the
Philippines and the ingredients were all local.

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Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature and Studies

Citronella oil is an essential oil used in aromatherapy and in

According to an article on healthline written by Jill Seladi-

Today, citronella oil is probably best known as a natural insect

The relevance of this study to the research is evidence on how

According to Isabelo Llanto (2011) Citronella oil is one of the

Dr. Bienvenido Domingo (2011), dean of the College of

According to Maia, Marta Ferreria and Moore, Sarah J. (2011),

Recently, commercial repellent products containing plant-based

To date insufficient studies have followed standard WHO Pesticide

This paper presents a summary of recent information on testing,

According to Pinoy Warrior (2016), Our Citronella Essential oil is

Popularly known as an insect repellent, Citronella lives up to its

To tell apart from Lemongrass, Citronella has red pigments on its

This study is related to the undertaking of the citronella ointment as

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