Jewar

GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION REPORT
FOR
DEVELOPMENT OF GREENFIELD AIRPORT
AT
NEAR JEWAR, DISTT.-GAUTAM BUDDHA NAGAR,
UTTAR PRADESH.
PROJECT NO - 1810
BY
SAI GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD.

(AN ISO 9001-2015 CERTIFED COMPANY)
(MoRTH EMPANELLED COMPANY)
22, INDRAPRASTH APPTT, 826 SHALIMAR GARDEN EXT-1
SAHIBABAD, GHAZIABAD- 201005 (UP)
PHONE: 0120-2649279, 9811522331
e-mail address: [email protected]
website : www.saigeotechnical.com
REPORT ON GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION FOR
DEVELOPMENT OF GREENFIELD AIRPORT NEAR JEWAR,
DISTT. GAUTAM BUDDHA NAGAR, UTTAR PRADESH.
REPORT ON
GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION
FOR
NEAR JEWAR, DISTT. GAUTAM BUDDHA NAGAR,
UTTAR PRADESH.
CONTENTS
SL. No. CHAPTER PAGE NO.
1.0 Introduction 2
2.0 Details of site 2
3.0 Scope of work 2-3
4.0 Field Investigations 3-5
5.0 Laboratory Investigations 5
6.0 Finding of Geotechnical Investigation 5-6
7.0 Type & Depth of foundations 7-9
8.0 Recommendations 9-10
9.0 Closure 10
Soil Profile & SPT Curve 11-22
Field CBR Test Results 23
Grain size curve 24-29
Sample Calculations 30-33
Location Plan 34
1
REPORT ON
GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION
FOR
NEAR JEWAR, DISTT. GAUTAM BUDDHA NAGAR,
UTTAR PRADESH.
INTRODUCTION:
This report presented herein deals with the field and laboratory investigations carried
out by us to access the nature of sub-strata and to evaluate the soil parameters required
for design of foundations for Development of Greenfield Airport near Jewar Distt. -
Gautam Budh Nagar (UP).
Client’s help is gratefully acknowledged in providing borehole locations, close
supervision and checking during boring, sampling, various testing operations and
cooperation and guidance during preparation of report.
The work of Geotechnical Investigation was awarded to M/s Sai Geotechnical
Engineers Pvt. Ltd., 22, Indraprastha Apartment, 826, Shalimar Garden Ext-1,
Sahibabad, Ghaziabad (U.P.)
This report is based upon the results of field and laboratory tests conducted on
selected soil samples collected from six bore holes (BH - R1, R2, R3, T1, A1 &
TL1) and other tests as specified in scope of work / field investigation.
DETAILS OF SITE:
The details of the site & various test locations for the proposed project are shown in
the figure. The proposed Project site is located at Near Jewar, Distt. Gautam
Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh.
SCOPE OF WORK:
The scope of work provided to us for this project was limited to the following:-
Mobilizing necessary plant, equipments and personnel to the project site, setting up
the equipment, shifting of the equipment from one test location to another location,
carrying out the field investigations on land and demobilization on completion of
work.
2
Making 150 mm nominal diameter bore holes at various locations in all types of soil
using suitable approved method of boring at the specified locations to be given at site
by the Engineer-in-Charge up to 15.00 m depth or refusal whichever occurs earlier.
Refusal shall mean when SPT field ‘N’ value reaches 100 for 30 cm or less
penetration of SPT sampler.
3.2.1 Conducting standard penetration tests in the bore holes at 1.50 m interval in depth &
at every change of strata, whichever is earlier as per specifications / instructions of
Engineer-in-charge.
3..2 Collecting undisturbed soil samples from bore holes at 3.00 m interval in depth or at
every change of strata, whichever is earlier as per specifications.
Collecting disturbed soil samples from bore holes at regular interval and at every
identifiable change of strata to supplement the boring records.
Recording the depth of ground water table in all the bore holes if observed up to the
depth of exploration during boring work as per specifications & withdrawing the
casing pipe.
Conducting 4 nos. Field CBR test as per IS: 2970 part 31 at 0.5m depth.
Conducting the following laboratory tests on selected disturbed / undisturbed soil
samples collected from various bore holes / test locations :-
(a) Sieve analysis.
(b) Hydrometer analysis.
(c) Liquid Limit & Plastic Limits.
(d) Natural Moisture Content.
(e) Bulk & dry density.
(f) Specific gravity.
Preparation and submission of report in three copies.
FIELD INVESTIGATIONS:
Necessary plant, equipment and personnel for conducting the requisite field work were
mobilized to the site. These were shifted from one test location to another location
during execution of the field work and demobilized on satisfactory completion of the
entire field work.
Six bore hole (BH - R1, R2, R3, T1, A1 & TL1) carried out were first marked on the
ground surface as per the layout given to us by the Engineer-in-Charge.
All bore holes were bored at this site using shell and auger method as per IS: 1892-
1979. Casing as required was used to retain the bore holes.
Sl. No. Test Type / Number Test conducted at / up to a depth
(m) from existing ground level
(1) BH - R1, R2, R3, T1 & A1 3.00 m
3
(2) BH - TL1 10.00 m
(3) Standard penetrations-n tests in 1.50 m interval & at every change of

bore holes strata whichever is earlier
(4) Undisturbed soil sampling in bore 3.00 m interval & at every change of
holes strata whichever is earlier
Standard penetration tests were conducted in the above bore holes at every 1.50 m interval & at
change of strata as per specifications / instructions of Engineer-in-Charge. The bores were cleaned up
to the desired depths. Standard split spoon sampler attached to lower end of ‘A’ drill rods was driven
in the bore holes by means of standard hammer of 63.5 Kg. falling freely from a height of 75 cm. The
sampler was driven 45 cm as per specifications & the numbers of blows required for each 15 cm
penetration were recorded. The numbers of blows for the first 15 cm penetration were not taken into
account. This was considered as seating drive. The numbers of blows for next 30 cm penetration
were designated as SPT ‘N’ value. Wherever the total penetration was less than 45 cm, the number of
blows & the depth penetrated is incorporated in respective bore logs. Disturbed soil samples obtained
from standard split spoon sampler for all the above standard penetration tests were collected in
polythene bags of suitable size. These samples were properly sealed, labelled, recorded and carefully
transported to the laboratory for testing.
Undisturbed soil samples were collected from the bore holes at every 3.00 m interval in depth & at
change of strata as per sampling specifications, in thin walled sampling tubes of 100 mm dia and
450 mm length fitted to an adopter with ball and socket arrangement. These sampling tubes after
retrieval from the bore holes were properly waxed and sealed at both ends. These were carefully
labeled and transported to the laboratory for testing. Undisturbed soil samples wherever slipped
during lifting, were duly marked in the field bore logs as well as in the soil profile.
Disturbed soil samples were also collected from the bore holes at suitable depths/intervals to
supplement the boring records. These samples were collected in polythene bags of suitable size.
These samples were properly sealed, labeled, recorded & carefully transported to the laboratory for
testing.
The depth of ground water table was checked / measured in all bore holes during the boring activity.
Conducting 4 nos. Field CBR test as per IS: 2970 part 31 at 0.5m depth.
Summary of bore holes:
Borehole No Co-ordinates Depth of Water

X Y Soil (m) table (m)
BH – R1 4
754162.00 3118687.00 3.00 Not Met
(Runway)
BH – R2 755942.00 3118357.00 3.00 Not Met
(Runway)
BH – R3 757556.00 3118057.00 3.00 Not Met

(Runway)
BH – T1 755151.00 3118833.00 3.00 Not Met
(Taxiway)
BH – A1 755272.00 3118973.00 3.00 Not Met
(Apron)
BH – TL1 754999.00 3119115.00 10.00 5.90
(Terminal)
LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS:
The following laboratory tests were conducted on selected soil samples recovered from various bore
hole / test locations: -
(a) Sieve analysis.
(b) Hydrometer analysis.
(c) Liquid Limit & Plastic Limits.
(d) Natural Moisture Content.
(e) Bulk & dry density.
(f) Specific gravity.
All the above laboratory tests were carried out as per relevant Indian Standards. All
the soil samples were identified and classified as per IS: 1498-1970.
FINDING OF GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION:
The study of bore logs/results of laboratory and other field tests as above from ground
level reveal that:-
At the locations of bore holes BH-R1
The sub-soil strata: -
From existing ground surface to up to 1.50m depth consist of Light Brown Sandy Silt
of Low Plasticity (ML-CL).
From 1.50m to 3.45m depth consists of Light Gray Sandy Silt of Low Plasticity (ML-
CL), SPT field ‘N’ value is 15 to 17 showing stiff consistency of the strata.
The depth wise observed & corrected SPT values of subsoil strata are given in Soil
Profile of respective bore holes.
From existing ground surface to up to 3.45m depth consist of Light Brown Sandy Silt
of Low Plasticity (ML-CL), SPT field ‘N’ value is 16 to 20 showing stiff to very stiff
consistency of the strata.
5
From existing ground surface to up to 3.45m depth consist of Light Gray Sandy Silt of
Low Plasticity (ML-CL), SPT field ‘N’ value is 14 to 18 showing stiff to very stiff
consistency of the strata.
At the locations of bore holes BH-T1
Low Plasticity (ML-CL), SPT field ‘N’ value is 15 showing stiff consistency of the
strata.
From 2.50m to 3.45m depth consists of Light Gray Clayey Silt of Medium Plasticity
(CL), SPT field ‘N’ value is 17 showing very stiff consistency of the strata.
At the locations of bore holes BH-A1
From existing ground surface to up to 1.50m depth consist of Light Grey Sandy Silt of
Low Plasticity (ML-CL).
From 1.50m to 3.45m depth consists of Light Gray Clayey Silt of Medium Plasticity
(CL), SPT field ‘N’ value is 19 to 20 showing very stiff consistency of the strata.
At the locations of bore holes BH-TL1
Low Plasticity (ML-CL), SPT field ‘N’ value is 14 showing stiff consistency of the
strata.
From 2.50m to 5.50m depth consists of Light Gray Clayey Silt of Low Plasticity
(CL), SPT field ‘N’ value is 17 to 21 showing very stiff consistency of the strata.
From 5.50m to 10.45m depth consists of Light Gray Silty Sand (SM), SPT field ‘N’
value is 17 to 33 showing medium compactness of the strata.
6
TYPE AND DEPTH OF FOUNDATIONS:
Based upon the results of field investigations, laboratory test results & considering the
structure going to construct, the following type of foundations have been analyzed
herein below : -
 OPEN SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS:
The allowable bearing capacity of sub-soil strata for Open foundation has been
computed from shear and settlement failure considerations.
Allowable Bearing Capacity
The net intensity of loading which the foundation will carry without undergoing
settlement in excess of the permissible value for the structure under consideration but
not exceeding net safe bearing capacity.
Net Safe Bearing Capacity from Shear consideration
For Clayey Soil ( = 0)
The values are computed from unconfined compressive strength UCS, using the
Following equation;
qd = C Nc Sc dc - Refer IS:6403, Clause 5.3
where
qd = Net Ultimate bearing capacity
A factor of safety of 2.5 is used.
Considering  = 0 , Nc = 5.14
Thus the equation is simplified as
q (Net safe) = 1 / 2.5 x C x 5.14 Sc dc
= 2.056 C Sc dc
For C -  Soils
Refer IS: 6403 – 1981, Clause 5.1
General Shear Failure
qd = C Nc Sc dc +  D ( Nq – 1) Sq dq + 0.5  B N S d W ’
Local Shear Failure
qd’ = 2/3C N’c Sc dc +  D (N’q – 1) Sq dq + 0.5  B N’ S d W ’
Where
qd and qd’ are net ultimate bearing capacity for general and local shear failure
Net safe bearing capacity = 1 / 2.5 x Net ultimate bearing capacity
Bearing capacity factor shall be determined for  for general shear failure
and ’ = tan –1(0.67 tan) for local shear failure.
Shape and depth factors shall be determined as per IS: 6403-1981.
7
For cohesion less soil with eo value less than 0.55, values are computed for General
shear failure, for eo values between 0. 55 to 0.75 the values are computed by linear
interpolation between local and general shear failure, and for EO value greater than
0.75 The values are computed for local shear failure.
For footing resting on multilayer deposit, Bowls recommends that the ultimate
bearing capacity of footing be determined using average values of cohesion, C av and
angle of shearing resistance, av. The average values are computed over a depth H
below the base of footing,
Where
H = 0.5 B tan (45 + /2)
Safe Bearing pressure from settlement Consideration.
For normal consolidated clay
Sf = Sc + Si
Sc =  Soed
Si = pB(1-2) I /E; will be negligible
 = poission’s ratio,
Soed = (hI Cc /(1 + e0) ) log 10 ((p’ + p0’) / p0’))
(Reference: clause 9.2.2.2 IS 8009 (Part I))
Where;
hI = thickness of soil layer (m)
Cc = Compression index
e0 = Initial void ratio
p0 ’ = effective overburden pressure (t/sq.m)
p’ = net increase in pressure at centre of cohesive soil layer
For pre-compressed clays
S1 = Sc ( for fully saturated clays)
Sc =  Soed;  is taken from table – 1, IS: 8009 (Part – 1), 0.7
Soed = mv hI p
(Reference: clause 9.2.2.3 IS 8009 (Part I))
Where;
mv = Coefficient of volume compression
p = net increase in pressure at center of cohesive soil layer
If clays are lightly over consolidated, then the above method may be adopted but if
the clay is heavily over consolidated, it may not be necessary to compute the
settlement.
If the soil deposits consist of several regular soil layers in the influence zone, the
settlement of each layer below the foundation shall be computed and summed to
obtain the total settlement.
8
The settlement contribution by non cohesive / partially cohesive soil layer shall be
estimated by the methods in clause 9.1, IS: 8009 (Part I); De Beer Marten method
shall be used.
De Beer and Martens’ Procedure
S2 = (2.303 / Ci) log 10 ((p + p0’) / p0’))hi
Ci = a constant of compressibility = 3/2 (Ckd / p0’)
Ckd = average static cone resistance
p0 ’ = effective overburden pressure (t/sq.m)
p =net increase in pressure at centre of non cohesive/ partially cohesive soil layer
Total settlement = S1 + S2
For purely non-cohesive soils
Settlement shall be determined for unit pressure for a specified width of footing based
on Corrected SPT values between the level of base of footing and the depth equal to
1.5 to 2.0 times the width of footing. Corrections shall be applied as applicable. Refer;
IS: 8009 (Part-1).
Open Foundation: For Terminal Building
Type of foundation (s) Depth of Foundation,(m) Size of Footing(m)
1.50m x 1.50m
2.00m x 2.00m
Isolated Square Footing 1.50-2.00m 3.00m x 3.00m
4.00m x4.00m
5.00m x 5.00m
8.0 RECOMMENDATIONS
Depending on the field and laboratory observations of subsoil strata, test results and
the type of structures proposed at site, the types of foundations, depths and net safe
bearing capacities recommended for design purposes are given in the following table.
The net SBC/API in the following table are the lower of the values obtained from
shear failure criterion as per IS: 6403 and settlement failure criterion as per IS: 8009,
Part-I.
Type of Foundation: Isolated Square footing for Terminal Building
For Permissible settlement = 50.0 mm
Depth of Size of Safe Bearing Capacity (t/m2 )
Foundation Foundation
(m) (m) Shear Settlement Recommended
1.50 x 1.50 20.30 63.50 11.00

1.50
2.00 x 2.00 19.40 44.50 11.00
9
3.00 x 3.00 18.70 23.80 11.00

4.00 x 4.00 18.30 15.10 11.00
5.00 x 5.00 18.20 11.90 11.00
1.50 x 1.50 21.70 68.10 12.00
2.00 x 2.00 20.60 43.60 12.00
2.00 3.00 x 3.00 19.60 22.60 12.00
4.00 x 4.00 19.10 15.10 12.00
5.00 x 5.00 18.80 12.40 12.00
 The net SBC for intermediate depths may be obtained from interpolated from the
values given in above table.
 The ground water was encountered at 5.90m depth in the bore hole at the time of
boring activities at site. For design purpose water table may be considered at 3.0m
depth, as the ground water table may rise in heavy rainy season or due to unforeseen
reasons.
 Field CBR test conducted at 4 Nos. location at site, test results are given in sheet no. –
23.
 The site falls in earthquake zone –IV as per IS: 1893 (Part1), 2016 and the structure
shall be designed accordingly.
9.0 CLOSURE
We appreciate the opportunity given to us to submit this report. This presented report is
based on observations and tests on samples collected from the boreholes as decided by
the client. In case any difference is noticed in the field subsoil strata and reported
subsoil strata during excavation please contact us before proceeding with further
construction.
For SAI GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD.
NAVIN BIHARI JOHARI

MANAGING DIRECTOR
10
BOREHOLE NO. : R1 SHEET NO: 11
Project: Soil Investigations work for Proposed Greenfield Airport near Jewar, Distt. Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh.
REDUCED LEVEL OF B/HOLE: 100.00 m
LOCATION RUNWAY
FIELD TEST RESULTS LABORATORY TEST RESULTS
SHEAR STRENGTH
LEVEL O F WATER TABLE /
SAMPLE REFERENCE NO.
SPT TEST RESULTS GRAIN SI ZE ANALYSIS
MOISTUR E CO NTENT (%)

CHARACTERISTICS
PLASTICITY IN DEX ( % )
BULK DENSITY (t / cum.)

DESCRIPTION OF SOIL
ELEVATION IN METER S
NATURE OF SAMPLIN G
N, VALUE ( Corrected )
N, VALUE ( Recorded )
DRY DEN SITY (t/cum)

BELOW REFER ENCE
BELOW REFER ENCE
(%)
PENETR ATION (CM)
DEPTH O F SAM PLE
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
(%)
DEPTH IN METERS
DEPTH IN METERS
REPRESENTATION
(%)
TEST PERFOR MED

PLASTIC LIMIT (%)
(%)
CLASSIFICATIO N
LIQUID LIMIT (%)

DIA. OF CASIN G
NO. OF BLOWS
Angle of friction
L.W.L IN MTS.
USED ( M M)
Cohesion, C,
SYMBOLIC
(Kg/sqcm.)
WITH I.S.
(Degrees)
GRAVEL
LEVEL
SAND
CLAY
SILT
Light Brown Sandy Silt
100.00 0.00 DS 0.00 0 0.00 - 1.50 of Low Plasticity 0.0 19.0 75.0 6.0
(ML-CL)
Not Met
98.50 1.50 SPT 1.50 1 1.50 - 1.95 15 30 15 15 24.3 18.5 5.8 2.66
150
Light Gray Sandy Silt
97.50 2.50 UDS 2.50 1 2.50 - 2.90 of Low Plasticity 1.77 1.57 12.5 UUT 0.50 10
(ML-CL)
97.00 3.00 SPT 3.00 2 3.00 - 3.45 17 30 17 17 0.0 20.0 75.0 5.0
NOTE: 1. CLASSIFICATION OF SOIL AS PER IS: 1498
2. ABBREVATION USED: DS = DISTURBED SAMPLE UDS = UNDISTURBED SAMPLE UU = UNCONSOLIDATED UNDRAINED DST = DIRECT SHEAR TEST
BORE LOG CHART AND DATA SHEET

SHEET NO: 12
SAI GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD
Project : Soil Investigations work for Proposed Greenfield Airport near Jewar,
Distt. Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh.
STANDARD PENETRATION TEST CURVES

BOREHOLE NO. : R1
N - VALUE
0 10 20 30
0
DEPTH IN M
OBSERVED
3 CORRECTED
6
LOCATION RUNWAY
SHEAR STRENGTH

CHARACTERISTICS

DESCRIPTION OF SOIL
NATURE OF SAMPLIN G

BELOW REFER ENCE
BELOW REFER ENCE
(%)
PENETR ATION (CM)
DEPTH O F SAM PLE
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
(%)
DEPTH IN METERS
DEPTH IN METERS
REPRESENTATION
(%)
TEST PERFOR MED

PLASTIC LIMIT (%)
(%)
CLASSIFICATIO N
LIQUID LIMIT (%)

DIA. OF CASIN G
NO. OF BLOWS
Angle of friction
L.W.L IN MTS.
USED ( M M)
Cohesion, C,
SYMBOLIC
(Kg/sqcm.)
WITH I.S.
(Degrees)
GRAVEL
LEVEL
SAND
CLAY
SILT
100.00 0.00 DS 0.00 0 0.00 - 1.50 0.0 20.0 73.0 7.0
Not Met
98.50 1.50 SPT 1.50 1 1.50 - 1.95 16 30 16 16 Light Brown Sandy Silt 25.3 19.6 5.7 2.66
150
of Low Plasticity
97.50 2.50 UDS 2.50 1 2.50 - 2.90 (ML-CL) 1.81 1.60 12.8 UUT 0.50 9
97.00 3.00 SPT 3.00 2 3.00 - 3.45 20 30 20 20 2.0 18.0 75.0 5.0

SHEET NO: 14
Project: Soil Investigations work for Proposed Greenfield Airport near Jewar,

BOREHOLE NO. : R2
N - VALUE
0 20 40
0
DEPTH IN M
OBSERVED
3 CORRECTED
6
LOCATION RUNWAY
SHEAR STRENGTH

CHARACTERISTICS

DESCRIPTION OF SOIL
NATURE OF SAMPLIN G

BELOW REFER ENCE
BELOW REFER ENCE
(%)
PENETR ATION (CM)
DEPTH O F SAM PLE
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
(%)
DEPTH IN METERS
DEPTH IN METERS
REPRESENTATION
(%)
TEST PERFOR MED

PLASTIC LIMIT (%)
(%)
CLASSIFICATIO N
LIQUID LIMIT (%)

DIA. OF CASIN G
NO. OF BLOWS
Angle of friction
L.W.L IN MTS.
USED ( M M)
Cohesion, C,
SYMBOLIC
(Kg/sqcm.)
WITH I.S.
(Degrees)
GRAVEL
LEVEL
SAND
CLAY
SILT
100.00 0.00 DS 0.00 0 0.00 - 1.50 0 17 76 7
Not Met
98.50 1.50 SPT 1.50 1 1.50 - 1.95 14 30 14 14 Light Gray Sandy Silt 25.2 19.3 6.0 2.66
150
of Low Plasticity
97.50 2.50 UDS 2.50 1 2.50 - 2.90 (ML-CL) 1.82 1.60 13.5 UUT 0.50 9
97.00 3.00 SPT 3.00 2 3.00 - 3.45 18 30 18 18 0.0 15.0 79.0 6
NOTE: 1. CLASSIFICATION OF SOIL AS PER IS : 1498

SHEET NO: 16
Project : Soil Investigations work for Proposed Greenfield Airport near Jewar,

BOREHOLE NO. : R3
N - VALUE
0 10 20 30
0
DEPTH IN M
OBSERVED
3 CORRECTED
6
BOREHOLE NO. : T1 SHEET NO: 17
LOCATION TAXIWAY
SHEAR STRENGTH

CHARACTERISTICS

DESCRIPTION OF SOIL
NATURE OF SAMPLIN G

BELOW REFER ENCE
BELOW REFER ENCE
(%)
PENETR ATION (CM)
DEPTH O F SAM PLE
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
(%)
DEPTH IN METERS
DEPTH IN METERS
REPRESENTATION
(%)
TEST PERFOR MED

PLASTIC LIMIT (%)
(%)
CLASSIFICATIO N
LIQUID LIMIT (%)

DIA. OF CASIN G
NO. OF BLOWS
Angle of friction
L.W.L IN MTS.
USED ( M M)
Cohesion, C,
SYMBOLIC
(Kg/sqcm.)
WITH I.S.
(Degrees)
GRAVEL
LEVEL
SAND
CLAY
SILT
100.00 0.00 DS 0.00 0 0.00 - 1.50 Light Gray Sandy Silt 0.0 19.0 76.0 5.0
of Low Plasticity
Not Met
98.50 1.50 SPT 1.50 1 1.50 - 1.95 15 30 15 15 (ML-CL) 24.9 19.3 5.6 2.65
150
97.50 2.50 UDS 2.50 1 2.50 - 2.90 Light Gray Clayey Silt 30.4 18.4 12.0 1.84 1.61 14.3 2.67 UUT 0.55 8
of Medium Plasticity
97.00 3.00 SPT 3.00 2 3.00 - 3.45 17 30 17 17 (CL) 0.0 6.0 73.0 11.0

SHEET NO: 18

BOREHOLE NO. : T1
N - VALUE
0 10 20 30
0
DEPTH IN M
OBSERVED
3 CORRECTED
6
BOREHOLE NO. : A1 SHEET NO: 19
LOCATION APRON
SHEAR STRENGTH

CHARACTERISTICS

DESCRIPTION OF SOIL
NATURE OF SAMPLIN G

BELOW REFER ENCE
BELOW REFER ENCE
(%)
PENETR ATION (CM)
DEPTH O F SAM PLE
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
(%)
DEPTH IN METERS
DEPTH IN METERS
REPRESENTATION
(%)
TEST PERFOR MED

PLASTIC LIMIT (%)
(%)
CLASSIFICATIO N
LIQUID LIMIT (%)

DIA. OF CASIN G
NO. OF BLOWS
Angle of friction
L.W.L IN MTS.
USED ( M M)
Cohesion, C,
SYMBOLIC
(Kg/sqcm.)
WITH I.S.
(Degrees)
GRAVEL
LEVEL
SAND
CLAY
SILT
Light Grey Sandy Silt
100.00 0.00 DS 0.00 0 0.00 - 1.50 of Low Plasticity 0.0 23.0 71.0 6.0
(ML-CL)
Not Met
98.50 1.50 SPT 1.50 1 1.50 - 1.95 19 30 19 19 0.0 9.0 78.0 13.0 2.67
150
Light Gray Clayey Silt
97.50 2.50 UDS 2.50 1 2.50 - 2.90 of Medium Plasticity 34.2 22.5 5.7 1.92 1.69 13.5 UUT 0.55 8
(CL)
97.00 3.00 SPT 3.00 2 3.00 - 3.45 20 30 20 20 0.0 6.0 73.0 21.0

SHEET NO: 20

BOREHOLE NO. : A1
N - VALUE
0 20 40
0
DEPTH IN M
OBSERVED
3 CORRECTED
6
BOREHOLE NO. : TL1 SHEET NO: 21
LOCATION TERMINAL
SHEAR STRENGTH

CHARACTERISTICS

DESCRIPTION OF SOIL
NATURE OF SAMPLIN G

BELOW REFER ENCE
BELOW REFER ENCE
(%)
PENETR ATION (CM)
DEPTH O F SAM PLE
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
(%)
DEPTH IN METERS
DEPTH IN METERS
REPRESENTATION
(%)
TEST PERFOR MED

PLASTIC LIMIT (%)
(%)
CLASSIFICATIO N
LIQUID LIMIT (%)

DIA. OF CASIN G
NO. OF BLOWS
Angle of friction
L.W.L IN MTS.
USED ( M M)
Cohesion, C,
SYMBOLIC
(Kg/sqcm.)
WITH I.S.
(Degrees)
GRAVEL
LEVEL
SAND
CLAY
SILT
100.00 0.00 DS 0.00 0 0.00 - 1.50 Light Gray Sandy Silt 0 17 77 6
of Low Plasticity
98.50 1.50 SPT 1.50 1 1.50 - 1.95 14 30 14 14 (ML-CL) 25.3 19.6 5.7 2.66
97.50 2.50 UDS 2.50 1 2.50 - 2.90 1.79 1.58 13.5 UUT 0.55 9
Light Gray Clayey Silt
97.00 3.00 SPT 3.00 2 3.00 - 3.45 17 30 17 17 of Low Plasticity 3.0 7.0 78.0 12.0
(CL)
95.50 4.50 SPT 4.50 3 4.50 - 4.95 21 30 21 21 32.5 21.3 11.2 2.68
5.90
150
94.50 5.50 UDS 5.50 2 5.50 - 5.90 3.0 51.0 44.0 2.0 1.86 1.60 16.5
94.00 6.00 SPT 6.00 4 6.00 - 6.45 17 30 17 16
92.50 7.50 SPT 7.50 5 7.50 - 7.95 24 30 24 19

Light Gray Silty Sand
(SM)
91.50 8.50 UDS 8.50 3 8.50 - 8.90 1.91 1.63 17.1 DST 0.00 30
91.00 9.00 SPT 9.00 6 9.00 - 9.45 25 30 25 19 0.0 51.0 46.0 3.0 N P - 2.64
89.50 10.00 SPT 10.00 7 10.00 - 10.45 33 30 33 22

SHEET NO: 22

BOREHOLE NO. : TL1
N - VALUE
0 20 40
0
3
DEPTH IN M
OBSERVED
6 CORRECTED
12
REPORT ON
SOIL INVESTIGATIONS WORK FOR DEVELOPMENT OF GREENFIELD AIRPORT NEAR JEWAR, DISTT.
GAUTAM BUDDHA NAGAR, UTTAR PRADESH.
FIELD CBR TEST RESUL TS (IS 2720 PART-31)
Grain Size Analysis (%) Atterberg Limits Field Density
Classification
Reference Bore
Field
Description of
Hole
IS
Gravels
S. No. Bulk Dry Moisture CBR
Sample LL PL PI
Sand
Value
Clay
density Density Content
Silt
Light Brownish Sandy
1 A1 ML-CL 0.0 18.0 76.0 6.0 21.2 14.3 6.9 1.92 1.69 13.5 10.2
Silt of Low Plasticity

2 R3 ML-CL 0.0 15.0 79.0 6.0 20.2 14.3 5.9 1.82 1.60 13.5 9.25

3 R1 ML-CL 0.0 17.0 78.0 5.0 22.1 15.5 6.6 1.77 1.57 12.5 10.35

4 R2 ML-CL 0.0 20.0 75.0 5.0 20.2 14.6 5.6 1.81 1.60 12.8 11.65
23
GRAIN SIZE ANALYSIS : IS:2720(PART-4)-1985

SAMPLE DETAILS TESTS RESULTS
Borehole Sample % % %
Sample Description % Gravel D60 D10 Cu Cc
Number Depth, m Sand Silt Clay
R1 G.L (ML-CL) 0.0 19.0 75.0 6.0
R1 3.00 (ML-CL) 0.0 20.0 75.0 5.0
GRAIN SIZE GRAPH
100.00
90.00
80.00
70.00
60.00
% Finer by Weight
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
GSA -1
10.00
GSA-2
0.00
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm
24

R2 G.L (ML-CL) 0.0 20.0 73.0 7.0
R2 3.00 (ML-CL) 2.0 18.0 75.0 5.0
GRAIN SIZE GRAPH
100.00
90.00
80.00
70.00
60.00
% Finer by Weight
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
GSA -1
10.00
GSA-2
0.00
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm
25

R3 G.L (ML-CL) 0.0 17.0 76.0 7.0
R3 3.00 (ML-CL) 0.0 15.0 79.0 6.0
GRAIN SIZE GRAPH
100.00
90.00
80.00
70.00
60.00
% Finer by Weight
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
GSA -1
10.00
GSA-2
0.00
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm
26

T1 G.L (ML-CL) 0.0 19.0 76.0 5.0
T1 3.00 (CL) 0.0 16.0 73.0 11.0
GRAIN SIZE GRAPH
100.00
90.00
80.00
70.00
60.00
% Finer by Weight
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
GSA -1
10.00
GSA-2
0.00
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm
27

A1 G.L (ML-CL) 0.0 23.0 71.0 6.0
A1 1.50 (CL) 0.0 9.0 78.0 13.0
A1 3.00 (CL) 0.0 6.0 73.0 21.0
GRAIN SIZE GRAPH
100.00
90.00
80.00
70.00
60.00
% Finer by Weight
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
GSA -1
10.00 GSA-2
GSA-3
0.00
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm
28

TL1 G.L (ML-CL) 0.0 17.0 77.0 6.0
TL1 3.00 (CL) 3.0 7.0 78.0 12.0
TL1 5.50 (SM) 3.0 51.0 44.0 2.0
TL1 9.00 (SM) 0.0 51.0 46.0 3.0
GRAIN SIZE GRAPH
100.00
90.00
80.00
70.00
60.00
% Finer by Weight
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
GSA -1
GSA-2
10.00
GSA-3
GSA-4
0.00
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm
29
SAI GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERS PVT LTD
BEARING CAPACITY CALCULATION SHEETS

BEARING CAPACITY ANALYSIS FOR SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS
LAYERED SOILS Analysis as per IS 6403-1981
Borehole Considered: TL-1
The bearing capacity equation is as follows:

qnet safe = (1/FS){cequiNccdc+q(Nq-1)qdq+0.5BNdRw }
where:
q net safe = safe net bearing capacity cequi = equivalent cohesion intercept
q = overburden pressure B = Foundation width
 = Bulk density of soil below founding level

Nc, N q, N  = bearing capacity factors, which are a function of  equi, equivalent 
R w = Water table correction factor
dc, dq, d  = Depth factors FS = Factor of safety
c, q,  = Shape factors
Depth, m c  
GL Layer No. From To t/m 2 deg. t/m3
H1 = 2.5 m LAYER 1 D= 1.50 m 1 0.0 2.5 5.5 9 1.79
2 2.5 5.5 5.5 9 1.79
H2 = 3.0 m LAYER 2 3 5.5 10.0 0.0 30 1.86
B
H3 = 4.5 m LAYER 3
Reference : Foundation Analysis and Design by J.E.Bowles, fifth edition (1995)
H equi = 0.5 B tan(45 + equi/2) = H 1+ H 2 + H 3 + …

tan equi = H 1 tan  1 + H2 tan 2 + H 3 tan  3 +…
H equi
cequi = c 1 H 1 + c 2 H 2 + c 3 H3 + …
H equi
where
H equi = Effective Depth of influence of foundation of width B
equi = Equivalent angle of internal friction
cequi = Equivalent cohesion intercept
Width of Foundation B = 5.0 m

Length of Foundation L = 5.0 m
Type of Foundation = Square
RL of Borehole level = 100.00 m
RL of proposed Foundation level = 98.50 m
Depth of foundation Df = 1.50 m
DESIGN PARAMETERS
Equivalent Shear Parameters Design = 9o

equi = 9o
cDesign = 5.50 t/m2
2
cequi = 5.50 t/m
30
Bearing capacity Calculation (Ref. IS 6403 : 1981)

Width of Foundation B = 5.0 m
Length of Foundation L = 5.0 m
RL of existing ground level = 100.0 m
RL of proposed Foundation level = 98.5 m
Depth of foundation Df = 1.50 m
Design Depth of GWT from ground level dw = 3.00 m
Inclination of the footing  = 0 deg.

3
Unit weight of soil = 1.79 t/m
Unit weight of water w = 1.0 t/m3
2
Effective overburden pressure '.Df = 2.69 t/m
Cohesion C = 5.50 t/m2
Angle of internal friction des = 9.0 deg
Void Ratio = 0.700
Failure Mode INTERMEDIATE
Bearing Capacity Calculations

Local Shear Failure
Mobilised cohesion c' = 3.667 t/m2
Mobilised angle of internal friction ' = 6.03 deg
Bearing Capacity Factors Shape Factors Depth Factors Inclination Factors Water table correction
Nc = 6.82 Sc = 1.30 dc = 1.07 ic = 1.00 dw = 3.00 m
Nq = 1.72 Sq = 1.20 dq = 1.00 iq = 1.00 Df+B = 6.5 m
N = 0.574 S = 0.80 d = 1.00 i = 1.00 W' = 0.65
dw = depth of water table
Ultimate bearing capacity qu = C.Nc scdcic + q(Nq-1)sqdqiq + 0.5 satB Ng s d i W`
2
qu = 38.3 t/m
Factor of safety FOS = 2.5 as per IS 1904-1986
2
Safe bearing capacity (q u/FOS) qslocal = 15.34 t/m
General Shear Failure
Mobilised cohesion c' = 5.5 t/m2
Mobilised angle of internal friction ' = 9.00 deg
Bearing Capacity Factors Shape Factors Depth Factors Inclination Factors Water table correction
Nc = 7.92 Sc = 1.30 dc = 1.07 ic = 1.00 Df+B = 6.5 m
Nq = 2.25 Sq = 1.20 dq = 1.00 iq = 1.00 dw = 3.00 m
Ng = 1.03 Sg = 0.80 dg = 1.00 i = 1.00 W' = 0.65
dw = depth of water table
Ultimate bearing capacity qu = C.Nc scdcic + q(N q-1)sqdqiq + 0.5 satB Ng s d i W`
qu = 67 t/m2
Factor of safety FOS = 2.5 as per IS 1904-1986
2
Safe bearing capacity (qu/FOS) qsgeneral = 26.8 t/m
c) Interpoplation
after interploating for the actual failure case from the above general and local failure modes,
2
qs = 18.21 t/m
31
Settlement Failure Consideration
Allowable Settlement Consideration = 50.0 mm

Load Intensity assumed at Foundation depth = 10.0 t/m2
Depth of Footing = 1.5 m
Width of Footing = 5.0 m
Length of Footing = 5.0 m
Depth of Influence zone below Foundation depth = 7.5 m
Depth Effective
Layer Corr. Av. SPT
Layer No Layer Type of strata
From to Thickness N Value
Thickness
1 1.5 5.5 4.0 4.0 Fine Grained 15

2 5.5 8.0 2.5 2.5 Coarse Grained 18
3 8.0 10.0 2.0 1.0 Coarse Grained 20
Layer -1
The Settlement of fine grained strata layers comprising of clayey silt/Sandy Silt layers within Influence
zone were computed by using thethe following equation as per IS:8009, Part - I :
S = mv x Δp x H
Where,
mv = Coeffcient of volumecompressibilty (cm 2/kg) = 0.0147 cm2/kg
Δp = Effective Pressure (kg/cm2) = 5.10 kg/cm 2
H= Thickness of Layer (cm) = 400 cm
Corrected Settlement = 29.96 mm
Layer -2
The Settlement of coarse grained strata layers comprising of Silty Sand layers within Influence zone
were computed by using the Chart of Settlement Vs SPT N value as per IS: 8009 Part -I.
Settlement for Coarse grained soil
Thickness of Layer = 2.5 m

Average SPT 'N' value = 18
Settlement under 10 t/ m 2 : 17.14 mm From Figure 9 of IS:8009 Part -I
Hence total settlement = 17.14 mm

`
Water Correction Factor = 0.50
Rigidity Correction Factor = 1.00
Corrected settlement = 11.42 mm
32
Layer -3
The Settlement of coarse grained strata layers comprising of Silty Sand layers within Influence zone
were computed by using the Chart of Settlement Vs SPT N value as per IS: 8009 Part -I.
Thickness of Layer = 1.0 m

Average SPT 'N' value = 20
Settlement under 10 t/ m 2 : 15.12 mm From Figure 9 of IS:8009 Part -I
Hence total settlement = 15.12 mm
Water Correction Factor = 0.50
Rigidity Correction Factor = 1.00
Total settlement = 45.42 mm

Permissible settlement = 50.0 mm
Net allowable Bearing pressure for permissible settlement

= 11.97 t/m 2
33

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GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION REPORT

SAI GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD.

(2) BH - TL1 10.00 m

(3) Standard penetrations-n tests in 1.50 m interval & at every change of

Borehole No Co-ordinates Depth of Water

BH – R3 757556.00 3118057.00 3.00 Not Met

FINDING OF GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION:

TYPE AND DEPTH OF FOUNDATIONS:

1.50 x 1.50 20.30 63.50 11.00

3.00 x 3.00 18.70 23.80 11.00

For SAI GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD.

NAVIN BIHARI JOHARI

SPT TEST RESULTS GRAIN SI ZE ANALYSIS

MOISTUR E CO NTENT (%)

BULK DENSITY (t / cum.)

DRY DEN SITY (t/cum)

BELOW REFER ENCE

TEST PERFOR MED

LIQUID LIMIT (%)

NOTE: 1. CLASSIFICATION OF SOIL AS PER IS: 1498

BORE LOG CHART AND DATA SHEET

SAI GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD

STANDARD PENETRATION TEST CURVES

SPT TEST RESULTS GRAIN SI ZE ANALYSIS

MOISTUR E CO NTENT (%)

BULK DENSITY (t / cum.)

DRY DEN SITY (t/cum)

BELOW REFER ENCE

TEST PERFOR MED

LIQUID LIMIT (%)

NOTE: 1. CLASSIFICATION OF SOIL AS PER IS: 1498

BORE LOG CHART AND DATA SHEET

SAI GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD

STANDARD PENETRATION TEST CURVES

SPT TEST RESULTS GRAIN SI ZE ANALYSIS

MOISTUR E CO NTENT (%)

BULK DENSITY (t / cum.)

DRY DEN SITY (t/cum)

BELOW REFER ENCE

TEST PERFOR MED

LIQUID LIMIT (%)

97.00 3.00 SPT 3.00 2 3.00 - 3.45 18 30 18 18 0.0 15.0 79.0 6

NOTE: 1. CLASSIFICATION OF SOIL AS PER IS : 1498

BORE LOG CHART AND DATA SHEET

SAI GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD

STANDARD PENETRATION TEST CURVES

SPT TEST RESULTS GRAIN SI ZE ANALYSIS

MOISTUR E CO NTENT (%)

BULK DENSITY (t / cum.)

DRY DEN SITY (t/cum)

BELOW REFER ENCE

TEST PERFOR MED

LIQUID LIMIT (%)

NOTE: 1. CLASSIFICATION OF SOIL AS PER IS: 1498

BORE LOG CHART AND DATA SHEET

SAI GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERS PVT. LTD

STANDARD PENETRATION TEST CURVES

SPT TEST RESULTS GRAIN SI ZE ANALYSIS

MOISTUR E CO NTENT (%)