EE Outline Template

Extended Essay
Outline Template
I. Introduction
A. Research Question
How will the different sugars affect the metabolism of yeast?
Sucrose
Maltose
Glucose
If the temperature is increased, the enzymes present in the yeast solution will gain the
energy from the heat to overcome the activation energy. Also, the average kinetic energy of yeast
and glucose will increase. Therefore, the rate of reaction will be increased and CO2 will be
produced more at the higher temperature.
B. What inspired your research?
C. What do you hope to achieve?
1. Supporting detail
D. Why is your topic worth researching?

1. Supporting detail
-disaccharide
-lacoperon system (turning on; off)
-glucose produces enzymes to break down lactose
-investigate sugars
-genes are turned on and off
-gene regulation
-why certain organisms are able to utilise different energy sources
-maltose = sucrose, yet yeast prefers sucrose.
what’s the mechanism by which yeast are able to metabolise different sugar
molecules
-research enzyme and gene regulations
-Yeast metabolises different sugars at different rates. Why?
E. What are the main ideas?

1. Supporting details…
2. ….
F. What are the steps you took in developing this essay?
2. ….
II. Body of research paper (Clearly divided into headings and subsections)
A. Idea/Argument/Research Finding #1
1. First main idea of category
a. Supporting Details/Research….
Growth in 5% malt extract: after 3 days at 25°C, the cells are globose, ovoidal or elongate, (3.0-8.0) × (5.0-10.0) μm,
and are usually isolated or in small groups. After one month at 20°C, a sediment is present. Growth on 5% malt agar:
after one month at 20°C, growth is butyrous and light cream-coloured. The surface is smooth, usually flat,
occasionally raised or folded and opaque. Growth on the surface of assimilation media: pellicles are not formed.
Dalmau plate culture on morphology agar: pseudohyphae are either not formed or are rudimentary. Teleomorph.
Formation of ascospores: vegetative cells are transformed directly into persistent asci containing one to four globose
to short ellipsoidal ascospores. Ascospore formation, observed almost exclusively on acetate agar, was usually
below 10% except in highly fertile homothallic strains where sporulation ranged from 40-95% in 6-10 days at 20°C.
2. Second main idea of category

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is yeast. The organism can exist either as a singlecelled organism or as pseudomycelia.
The cells reproduce by multilateral budding. It produces from one to four ellipsoidal, smoothwalled ascospores. S.
cerevisiae can be differentiated from other yeasts based on growth characteristics and physiological traits: principally
the ability to ferment individual sugars. Clinical identification of yeast is conducted using commercially available
diagnostic kits which classify the organism through analysis of the ability of the yeast to utilize distinct carbohydrates
as sole sources of carbon (Buesching et al., 1979; Rosini et al., 1982). More recently, developments in systematics
have led to the design of sophisticated techniques for classification, including gasliquid chromatography of lysed
whole cells
3. Third main idea of category (If needed)

Maximum longevity: 0.04 years (captivity) Observations: The budding yeast suffers from clonal senescence in which
each cell can only reproduce a limited amount of times. The accumulation of extrachromosomal ribosomal DNA
circles has been suggested as a possible causal mechanism (Sinclair and Guarente 1997). It is also possible to
measure chronological lifespan in yeast in terms of stationary phase survival. Several genes have been identified
that regulate clonal senescence or chronological lifespan (Kaeberlein et al. 2001), but because these two
measurements are fundamentally different some genes have been shown to have opposite effects on them
B. Idea/Argument/Research Finding #2

b. ...
c. ...
b. ...
c. ...
C. Idea/Argument/Research Finding #3
b. ...
c. ...
b. ...
c. ...

b. ...
c. ...
D. Continue with as many headings and subsections as necessary

III. Conclusion
A. Summarize your main points
2. ….
B. What were the limitations of your essay?

2. ….
C. What is your “verdict” regarding this topic?

2. ….
Your EE also needs to have:

1. Title Page
2. Contents Page
3. Works Cited Page
4. Appendices (Optional)

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Extended Essay

B. What inspired your research?

C. What do you hope to achieve?

D. Why is your topic worth researching?

-Yeast metabolises different sugars at different rates. Why?

E. What are the main ideas?

2. Second main idea of category

3. Third main idea of category (If needed)

2. Second main idea of category

3. Third main idea of category (If needed)

D. Continue with as many headings and subsections as necessary

B. What were the limitations of your essay?

C. What is your “verdict” regarding this topic?

Your EE also needs to have:

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