STUDY NOTES SPECIALLY FOR SBI PRELIMS, NABARD & IDBI

CODING AND DECODING

Coding is a process of conversion of original Position of Alphabets Right to Left:
word or sentence or collection of character into Z Y X W V U T S R Q P
some other form by following certain logic or
rule. The resultant is known as code. Coding 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16
- Decoding is an aid to check the candidate’s O N M L K J I H G F E
ability to understand the logic that converts
into code, a particular message and to read the 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5
message. D C B A
TYPES OF CODING: 4 3 2 1
1. LETTER CODING 8. A to M letters are called First Half of English
2. NUMBER CODING Alphabets.

3. DIRECT CODING 9. N to Z letters are called Second Half of

English Alphabets.
3. SUBSTITUTIONAL CODING
10. “ E J O T Y ” FORMULA
Important RulesAbout CODING-DECODING:
E J O T Y
1. In these questions code values are given to a
word in terms of letters. We have to analyse 5 10 15 20 25
the pattern of the example and follow that 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24
pattern to find the answer. C F I L O R U X
2. Take the given pair. 11. OPPOPSITE LETTER
3. Write the position of all letters in the given A B C D E F G H I J K L M
pair.
Z Y X W V U T S R Q P O N
4. Try to find the relation between the letters
of both part of pair. Note: If the sum of two letters are 27 then both
letters are opposite to each other.
5. Relation may be related in forward or
backward order. With the help of above two words, we can find
out the position of every letter with in a second.
6. Implement the same relation on the given
word for required answer. A « Z (A Zad) H « S (High School)
7.
Positions of Alphabets in English B « Y (B o Y) I « R (Indian Railway)
Alphabetical Series C « X (CraX) J « Q (Jungle - Queen)
Position of Alphabets Left to Right: D « W (DeW) K « P (KanPur)
A B C D E F G H I J K E « V (E.Ven) L « O (LOve)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 F « U (FUll) M « N (MaN)
L M N O P Q R S
V G « T (G T road) T U
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 With the help of above trick, we can get the
W X Y Z opposite letter of any letter.
23 24 25 26 1. EXAMPLE OF LETTER CODING:

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 STUDY NOTES SPECIALLY FOR SBI PRELIMS, NABARD & IDBI

Ex.1. If ANALOGY is coded as PIBQXLZ.

How is DRAWING written in that code?
(1) APZJPJB (2) ZPABJPJ
(3) ZPADJPJ (4) JPJBAPZ
(5) ZPJBAPJ

Ex.2. If PUZZLE is coded as IPDLQV. How is

DRAWIN written in that code?
(1) RMAZNW (2) RMAWNZ
(3) ZNWAWR (4) RWNMAZ
(5) ZMAWNR

2. EXAMPLE OF NUMBER CODING: 3. EXAMPLE OF DIRECT CODING:

Ex.1. In a certain code PRICE is written
as 13$2@ and MEANS is written as
6#4@%, how is SCAMP written in that
code ?
(1) %@461 (2) $46@%
(3) %3461 (4) %2@61
(5) %2461

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 STUDY NOTES SPECIALLY FOR SBI PRELIMS, NABARD & IDBI

Ex.2. In a certain code PRICE is written (3) an (4) fe

as CEIPR and MEANS is written as (5) None of these
AEMNS, how is SCAMP written in that
code? Q.3. How will 'free' be written in that code
language?
(1) ACMPS (2) CMPSA
(1) lo (2) fz
(3) SPMCA (4) HXZNK
(3) fe (4) ap
(5) KNZXH
(5) None of these
4. EXAMPLE OF SUBSTITUTIONAL
CODING: Q.4. What will be code for 'six' in that code
language?
In this type of questions, some particular
names are given to certain objects. (1) aj (2) ok
(3) fz (4) lo
(5) None of these
TYPE II :
Q.5-9. In each question below is given a
group of letters followed by four
combinations of numbers numbered
(1), (2), (3) and (4). You have to find out
which of the combinations correctly
represents the group of letters based
on the following coding system and
conditions that follow and mark the
TYPE I : number of that combination as your
answer. If none of the combinations
Q.1-4. In a certain code language some words correctly represents the group of
are written in coded forms which are letters, mark (5) i.e. ‘None of these’ as
given below : your answer.
'five six colour hug' is written as 'aj an ap ok' Letters : A B C D E F G H I J K L M
'hug six real love' is written as 'eg aj as an' Numbers :1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 9 11 10 13 12
'real colour not fat' is written as 'fz ap fe eg' Conditions :
'fat free six real' is written as 'aj lo fz eg' (I) If the first and last letter's place values
Q.1. How will 'fat' be written in that code according to English alphabetical order
language? has difference of 1then both are to be
coded by the code of G.
(1) aj (2) an
(II) If the first letter is a vowel and last letter
(3) ok (4) lo
is a consonant then the code of both are
(5) None of these to be interchanged.
Q.2. How will 'colour' be written in that code (III) If fourth letter's place value is multiple
language? of 3 then the second letter is to be coded
(1) eg (2) as by the code of six letter.

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 STUDY NOTES SPECIALLY FOR SBI PRELIMS, NABARD & IDBI
Q.5. C B J I K M 'working over toy baby' is written as 'ga
(1) 3 2 11 1 9 12 (2) 3 11 12 2 9 1 ve se ye'

(3) 3 12 1 9 11 2 (4) 3 12 11 9 10 2 'place over toy come' is written as 'ga bi

ho ye'
(5) None of these
'owl ink working over' is written as 've
Q.6. D M I E A C du ye zo'
(1) 8 12 5 9 1 8 (2) 8 12 9 5 1 8 Q.10. What is the code for 'working'?
(3) 8 12 9 5 8 1 (4) 8 2 1 5 9 1 (1) ye (2) zo
(5) None of these (3) ho (4) ve
Q.7. H G L B C A (5) None of these
(1) 7 8 13 2 3 1 (2) 7 8 3 12 3 1 Q.11. What does 'bi' stand for?
(3) 7 8 13 1 2 3 (4) 7 13 3 1 2 8 (1) toy (2) over
(5) None of these (3) come (4) place
Q.8. E I J K D C (5) None of these
(1) 3 9 11 10 4 5 (2) 39 11 1 4 5 Q.12. 'ja se bi' could be a code for which of the
(3) 11 1 4 5 3 9 (4) 3 9 11 10 5 4 following ?
(5) None of these (1) the place owl
Q.9. E F G M J A (2) place baby working
(1) 5671111 (2) 5671411 (3) the baby place
(3) 5116711 (4) 5617111 (4) baby the over
(5) None of these (5) None of these

TYPE III : Q.13. What is the code for 'owl'?

Q.10-14. In a certain code language some (1) se (2) ho

words are written in coded form which (3) du or zo (4) bi or du
are given below-
(5) None of these
'toy come the over' is written as 'ho ja ye
Q.14. Which of the following represent 'owl
ga'
toy over '?

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 STUDY NOTES SPECIALLY FOR SBI PRELIMS, NABARD & IDBI

(1) du ga se (2) du ye ga (3) 25%T (4) 25 @ T

(3) ga ye bi (4) du ya se (5) 25 $ M
(5) zo ye ja Q.16. What does 23$Y stands for?
TYPE IV : (1) BOY (2) JOY
Q.15-19. In a certain code language some (3) RUN (4) EVEN
words are written in coded form which (5) None of these
are given below-
Q.17. What is code for JANUARY ?
READ, MEDRID, BASANT, JOY is
written as 8#D, 10%D, 26$T, 28@Y (1) 32 @ Y (2) 32 # Y

JIM, RIGHT, BULL, MAA is written as (3) 32%Y (4) 31 @ J

25#T, 4%A, 16$L, 16@M (5) None of these
MONEY, BOWL, REMARKS, Q.18. What is code for BRITAIN?
JOURNEY is written as 26#S, 30%Y,
(1) 21#N (2) 20$N
16$L, 32@Y
(3) 21$B (4) 21$N
RESUME, JOSHI, BIT, MANAGER is
written as 11#E, 25%R, 23$T, 14@I (5) None of these
Q.15. What is code for MOUNT ? Q.19. What is code for RAIL?
(1) 24%M (2) 25%M (1) 16%L (2) 16 @ L

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 STUDY NOTES SPECIALLY FOR SBI PRELIMS, NABARD & IDBI

(3) 15#L (4) 16#L Q.23. If ‘is’ means ‘s1’ which of the following
(5) None of these code for ‘Enjoy no good’ ?
(1) n3 o6 o2 (2) h3 o3 o2
(3) m4 o5 o3 (4) n3 o2 o2
(5) Cannot be determine
Q.24. What is the code for ‘how good thou
art’?
(1) o4 o2 h5 r3 (2) o4 r9 h5 r3
(3) o4 o2 h7 r3 (4) i6 o2 h5 m3
(5) Cannot be determine
TYPE VI :
Q.25-29. In a certain code language some
TYPE V : words are written in coded form which
Q.20-24. In a certain code language some are given below-
words are written in coded form which ‘Your mind a garden thoughts are’ is
are given below- coded as ‘b1 u12 u20 e11 h9 h23’.
‘o4 r3 h5’ means ‘how art thou,’ ‘The garden your mind home to seeds of
‘h5 o2 r3’ means ‘thou art good’ grow’ is coded as ‘o8 h23 a4 h9 g18 u12
n15 d1 k19’.
‘h5 o2 r9 a6’ means ‘try good thou
bad’. ‘The grow mind a modern flowers weed’
is coded as ‘o8 k19 h9 e11 a8 l4 v13’.
‘n3 h7 n5 i6’ means ‘and enjoy the
silence', ‘grow mind also known to remember’ is
coded as ‘k19 h9 h18 j14 j22 g18’.
Q.20. What may be the possible code for ‘try
moving’ ? ‘takes mind another flowers weed in the
garden’ is coded as ‘f12 h9 v23 l4 v13
(1) o2 a6 (2) o2 r9 w26 o8 h23’.
(3) h5 o2 (4) o2 n3
(5) Cannot be determine
Q.21. What is the code for ‘thou stay place’?
(1) t8 l3 h5 (2) h5 g8 l3
(3) h5 h7 n3 (4) n5 t8 l3
(5) h5 h7 o4
Q.22. Which word can be stand for ‘o6’ ?
(1) solve (2) some
(3) same (4) soni
(5) Either 1 or 2

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 STUDY NOTES SPECIALLY FOR SBI PRELIMS, NABARD & IDBI

Q.25. What is the code word for ‘mind’? TYPE VII :

(1) o8 (2) h18 Q.30-34. In a certain code language some
(3) d1 (4) h9 words are written in coded form which
are given below-
(5) j22
“Success with negative attitude” is
Q.26. What the code word for ‘grow’? written as “31i8 38u14 19e16 6t16”.
(1) v13 (2) k19 “is called luck truly” is written as “33u8
(3) f12 (4) g18 45r10 28i4 7a12”.
(5) h23 “success with positive attitude” is
written as “6t16 31i8 38u14 21o16”.
Q.27. What is the code word for the word
‘the’? “is called achievement life” is written as
“28i4 7a12 17i8 21c22”.
(1) u20 (2) u12
Q.30. What is the code for “Cheese”?
(3) o8 (4) V25
(1) 12s8 (2) 8s12
(5) None of these
(3) 7a12 (4) 28h4
Q.28. What is the code word for the word
‘garden’? (5) 8h12
(1) a4 (2) g18 Q.31. What is the code for “the creative
(3) h23 (4) l4 process”?

(5) Cannot be determined (1) 12s8 8r8 35r14

Q.29. What is the code word for ‘another’? (2) 25h6 8r16 35r14
(1) l4 (2) v13 (3) 7a12 8s12 12s8
(3) k19 (4) a8 (4) 28h4 35r14 7a12
(5) Cannot be determined (5) 8h12 28h4 7a12

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 STUDY NOTES SPECIALLY FOR SBI PRELIMS, NABARD & IDBI

Q.32. What is the code for “should”? BLOCK, BUSTER, MOVIE, CHART is
(1) 12s8 (2) 23s12 written as 7, 4, 1, 5

(3) 7a12 (4) 23h12 BAHUBALI, IS, VERY, SUCCESSFUL

is written as 2, 1, 7, 2
(5) 8h12
PRABHASH, IS, GOOD, ACTOR is
Q.33. What is the code for “leaving”? written as 1, 1, 5, 3
(1) 19e14 (2) 23s12 WAIT, FOR, PADMAVATI is written as
(3) 7a12 (4) 19h14 8, 3, 6
(5) 19h12 Q.35. What is code for CHAK, DE, INDIA?
Q.34. What is the code for “switch off lights”? (1) 4, 9, 1 (2) 5, 8, 1
(1) 12s8 21f6 28i4 (3) 5, 9, 2 (4) 5, 8, 2
(2) 8s12 33u8 38u14 (5) 5, 9, 1
(3) 7a12 12s8 19e14 Q.36. What is code for SAARE, JAHAN, SE,
ACHCHA?
(4) 28h4 31i12 8s12
(1) 8, 7, 6, 6 (2) 8, 7, 6, 5
(5) 27w12 31i12 21f6
(3) 8, 7, 6, 7 (4) 7, 7, 6, 6
TYPE VIII:
(5) 8, 6, 6, 6
Q.35-39. In a certain code language some
words are written in coded form which Q.37. What is code for HINDI, HAI,
are given below- HUM, WATAN, HAI, HINDUSTAN,
HAMARA?

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 STUDY NOTES SPECIALLY FOR SBI PRELIMS, NABARD & IDBI

(1) 8, 9, 5, 5, 6, 2, 6 1, 4, 5, 6 is written as Ka, To, Na, At

(2) 8, 9, 6, 5, 5, 2, 6 3, 2, 8, 4 is written as Ma, Gt, Tg, To
(3) 8, 9, 6, 5, 6, 2, 6 9, 6, 5, 7 is written as Po, Ot, Ka, Nt
(4) 8, 9, 6, 5, 6, 4, 6 2, 1, 4, 8 is written as To, Tg, Ma, At
(5) 8, 9, 6, 5, 6, 2, 7 7, 6, 3, 9 is written as Po, Na, Gt, Ot
Q.38.
What is code for SWACHATA, 3, 2, 1, 7 is written as Ot, Tg, At, Gt
ABHIYAN? Q.40. What is code for ‘‘7’’?
(1) 6, 4 (2) 6, 3 (1) Tg (2) Ma
(3) 4, 5 (4) 4, 6 (3) Po (4) At
(5) 5, 6 (5) None of these
Q.39. What is code for VANDE MATRAM? Q.41. What is code for ‘‘6’’ ?
(1) 2, 3 (2) 2, 2 (1) Ka (2) Na or Ka
(3) 1, 2 (4) 1, 3 (3) Gt (4) Tg
(5) 3, 1 (5) None of these
TYPE IX : Q.42. What does ‘‘Ma’’ stands for?
Q.40-44. In a certain code language some (1) 9 (2) 2
words are written in coded form which
are given below- (3) 8 or 9 (4) 8 or 7
(5) None of these

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 STUDY NOTES SPECIALLY FOR SBI PRELIMS, NABARD & IDBI

Q.43. What is code for ‘‘5, 6, 7, 8’’? (1) *•*•* (2) **••*
(1) Ta, Na, Ma, Po (3)*••** (4) •****
(2) Ka, Na, Ma, Po (5) *•••*
(3) Ka, To, Ma, Po Q.46. Which of the following will represent
(4) Ka, Na, Ot, Po 20% of 45 in that code?
(5) None of these (1) **** (2) ***
Q.44. What does ‘‘At, Po’’ stands for? (3) *••* (4) **•*
(1) 1, 8 (2) 9, 7 (5) ***•
(3) 1, 7 (4) 9, 8 Q.47. Which of the following is code for 7 in
(5) None of these that code?
TYPE X : (1) ******* (2) *•*•*•*
Q.45-49. In a certain code, the symbol for (3) **• (4) *••*
zero is • and for 1 is *. There are no
(5) ***
other symbols for the numbers and the
numbers greater than 1 are to be written Q.48. If **• would be added in *•** then what
only by using the two symbols given will be total of that ?
above. The value of the symbol for 1
(1) ***** (2) *•••*
doubles itself every time it shifs one
place to the left. Study the following (3) **••* (4) *••**
examples
(5) ***•*
 0 is written as •
Q.49. Which of the following number is
1 is written as * written *•*• in the form of that code?
2 is written as* •
(1) 8080 (2) 202
3 is written as ** and so on
(3) 42 (4) 10
Q.45. If *** multiply by ** then what will be
product? (5) 9

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 STUDY NOTES SPECIALLY FOR SBI PRELIMS, NABARD & IDBI

SOLUTION Q.15-19. NUMBER is written with the help

Q.1-4. of COUNTING OF LETTER +
POSITION OF LAST LETTER
LETTER is written with the help of
word last letter
SYMBOL is written with the help of
finding coding like for Every word
which starts with R , M , B and J then
symbol will be # , % , $ and @ in a
Q.1.(5) same order .
Q.2.(5) 32 @ Y
Q.3.(1) Q.15.(3)
Q.4.(1) Q.16.(5)
Q.5-9. Q.17.(1)
Q.5.(5) Q.18.(4)
Q.19.(4)
Q.20-24. For letters – The second letter of each
word.
For Numbers – Sum of the Position
Q.6.(2) of first and last letter, then convert it
in Single digit.
M O V I N G = M + G = 13+7 =
20 = 2+0=2
Þ 2o
Q.7.(1)
Q.20.(2)
Q.8.(1)
Q.21.(1)
Q.9.(5)
Q.22.(5)
Q.10-14.
Q.23.(4)
Q.24.(1)
Q.25-29.
Q.25. (4)
Q.26. (2)
Q.27. (3)
Q.28. (3)
Q.10.(4)
Q.29. (5)
Q.11.(4)
Q.30-34. CHEESE = 8h12
Q.12.(3)
1. First letter = C , last letter = E ,
Q.13.(3) (E+C) = (5+3) = 8
Q.14.(2)
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 STUDY NOTES SPECIALLY FOR SBI PRELIMS, NABARD & IDBI

2. Number of letter = 6 × 2 = 12 8=Ma 7=Ot

3. Second letter = h 9=Po
Q.30.(5) Q.40.(5)
Q.31.(2) Q.41.(5)
Q.32.(4) Q.42.(5)
Q.33.(1) Q.43.(5)
Q.34.(5) Q.44.(5)
Q.35-39. Addition of place value of all the Q.45-49.
letters till single digit For Ex. Q.45.(1) *** (4+2+1) = 7
BLOCK=B (2), L (12,1+2=3), O ** (2+1) = 3
(15,1+5=6), C (3), K (11,1+1=2)
(***)× (**) = 7 × 3 = 21
2+3+6+3+2=16, 1+6 = 7
21 = (16+0+4+0+1)
Q.35.(5)
=*•*•*
Q.36.(1)
Q.46.(3) 9 = (8+0+0+1) *••*
Q.37.(3)
Q.47.(5) 7 = 4 + 2 + 1 = ***
Q.38.(4)
Q.48.(2) **• = (4+2+0) = 6
Q.39.(4)
*•** = (8+0+2+1) =11
Q.40-44. 1=At 4=To
(**•) + (*•**) = 6 + 11 = 17
5=Ka 6=Na
17 = (16+0+0+0+1) = *•••*
3=Gt 2=Tg
Q.49.(4) *•*• = (8+0+2+0) = 10

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