Sap SD Erp Related Questions and Answers
Sap SD Erp Related Questions and Answers
Sap SD Erp Related Questions and Answers
1.What is SAP?
SAP stands for Systems Applications and Products in Data Processing.
SAP, by definition, is also name of the ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) software as well the name
of the company. ... SAP system consists of a number of fully integrated modules, which covers
virtually every aspect of business management.
2.What is sap better than other ERPS?
When Compared to Other ERP Systems, SAP Offers the Quickest Financial Payback and Shorter
Implementation Time. SAP is the second most expensive ERP system to implement (Oracle is first).
However, it does provide the quickest financial payback (around nine months) when compared to
other erp.
3.What is the use of an ERP?
SAP Sales and Distribution (SAP SD) is a core functional module in SAP ERP Central Component (ECC)
that allows organizations to store and manage customer- and product-related data.
Organizations use this data to manage all of the sales ordering, shipping, billing, and invoicing of
their goods and services.
SAP enterprise structure is organizational structure that represents an enterprise in SAP R/3 system.
It consists of some organizational units which, for legal reasons or for other specific business-related
reasons or purposes, are grouped together. Organizational units include legal company entities,
sales offices, profit centers, etc. Organizational units handle specific business functions.
4.what happens if an ERP fails?
Unfortunately, no company is immune to the devastating impacts of an ERP failure. Here are a few
famous examples of what can happen when an ERP implementation doesn't go as planned. There's
no doubt that an Enterprise Resource Planning system (ERP) can bring immeasurable benefits to a
manufacturing company.
5.what is ABAP/4?
ABAP/4 is the programming language used for the thousand tiny embedded ... ABAP is code written
in an interpretive language similar to COBOL in syntax.
Sap abap is a fourth generation language and termed as ABAP/4 and the term SAP ABAP stands for
advanced business application programming. The current version of ABAP is object oriented, the
programming language is now official called as SAP ABAP Objects. By using ABAP, you can easily
write the entire sap application as per project requirements.
6.when is sap started?
1 April 1972, Weinheim, Germany
SAP was started in 1972 by five former IBM employees with a vision of creating a standard
application software for real-time business processing. SAP stands for Systems Applications and
Products in Data Processing. Since its inception SAP has issued several releases, such
as SAP R/1, SAP R/2, and SAP R/3.
7.what ECC version you are using?
ECC 6.0 incl EHP7(Enhancement Component Control)
8.Difference between HANA and ECC version?
The difference: ECC could deal with different database platforms underneath (Oracle, DB/2, MS SQL
and of course HANA). S/4 HANA only runs on top of SAP HANA. SAP HANA is a RDBMS like Oracle,
MSSQL, DB2 etc. Speciality is, it is an in-memory, column oriented database.
9.Explain SAP SD BUSINESS FLOW?
SAP Sales and Distribution (SD) is an important module of SAP ERP consisting of business processes
required in selling, shipping, billing of a product. The module is tightly integrated with other SAP MM
& SAP PP. Key sub-modules of SAP SD are Customer and Vendor Master Data, Sales, Delivery, Billing,
Pricing and Credit Management.
10.How many modules we have in sap sd?
AP Financial Accounting (FI)
SAP Controlling (CO)
SAP Sales and Distribution (SD)
SAP Production Planning (PP)
SAP Materials Management (MM)
SAP Quality Management (QM)
SAP Human Capital Management (HCM)
11.How are all modules connected?
SD link points with other modules
SD module is highly integrated with the other modules in SAP.
The following provides a brief idea, how SD is linked to other mondules in a said process:
Sales Order:
Link Points
Link Points Modules involved in the link
Availability Check MM
Costing CO/MM
Credit Check FI
Tax Determination FI
Availability Check MM
Credit Check FI
Reduces stock MM
Milestone Billing PS
Return Delivery & Credit Memo
Integration points Module
Increases Inventory MM
Updates G/ L FI
Credit Memo FI
Adjustment to A/R FI
Reduces Revenue FI
Example: DEVK900030
Tasks also use the same naming convention, with 'numbers' consecutive to the number used in TR
containing them.
For Example, Tasks in the above mentioned TR Example can be named as: DEVK900031,
DEVK900032 …
23.What do you mean by a Table? How can we find a table from a Transaction?
A table is a collection of related data held in a table format within a database. It consists of columns,
and rows.
In relational databases, and flat file databases, a table is a set of data elements (values) using a model of
vertical columns (identifiable by name) and horizontal rows, the cell being the unit where a row and
column intersect.[1] A table has a specified number of columns, but can have any number of
rows.[2] Each row is identified by one or more values appearing in a particular column subset. A
specific choice of columns which uniquely identify rows is called the primary key.
"Table" is another term for "relation"; although there is the difference in that a table is usually
a multiset (bag) of rows where a relation is a set and does not allow duplicates. Besides the actual
data rows, tables generally have associated with them some metadata, such as constraints on the table
or on the values within particular columns.[dubious – discuss]
The data in a table does not have to be physically stored in the database. Views also function as
relational tables, but their data are calculated at query time. External tables
(in Informix[3] or Oracle,[4][5] for example) can also be thought of as views.
FINDING A TABLE FROM A TRANSACTION
Normally, when we are attempting to find the table for a particular object’s field we can do so by
drilling down the highlighted field via F1->Technical Information (hammer & wrench) buttons. There
we will find the table name and the field name of the selected field. This table name we can then
plug in the data browser transaction (SE16N) to look on the table records. This allows us to observe
for data trends, consistencies, links, and irregularities
24.what is RFC?
RFC is a mechanism that allows business applications to communicate and exchange information (in
pre-defined formats) with other systems. RFC stands for 'Remote Function Call'
RFC consists of two interfaces:
A calling interface for ABAP Programs
A calling interface for Non-SAP programs.
25.What is an IDOC?
IDOC stands for Intermediate Documentation
IDOC , short for Intermediate Document, is a SAP document format for business transaction data
transfers.[1] Non SAP-systems can use IDOC as the standard interface (computing) for data
transfer.[2] IDOC is similar to XML in purpose, but differs in syntax. Both serve the purpose of data
exchange and automation in computer systems, but the IDOC-Technology takes a different
approach.
While XML allows having some metadata about the document itself, an IDOC is obliged to have
information at its header like its creator, creation time etc. While XML has a tag-like tree structure
containing data and meta-data, IDOC use a table with the data and meta-data. IDOC also have a
session that explains all the processes which the document passed or will pass, allowing one to
debug and trace the status of the document.
26.What is BAPI?
Business Application Programming Interface(BAPI) are standardized programming interfaces
(methods) enabling external applications to access business processes and data in the R/3 System.
They provide stable and standardized methods to achieve seamless integration between the R/3
System and external applications, legacy systems and add-ons.
27.What is BADI and user exit, Give some user exit examples?
BADI:
BADI (Business Add-In) is a new SAP Object Oriented enhancement technique which is used to add
our own business functionality to the existing SAP standard functionality.
BADI's are available in SAP R/3 from the system release 4.6c
User Exit we are using in Procedural concept / structural concept and
BADI we are using in Object Oriented Programming (OOPs) concept...
User Exit/BADI is the enhancement to standard functionality...which has been provided by SAP....
User Exit is the Z include provided in the Exit Function Module...In which you have to enhance your
functionality....
BADI is Business add in.in which you have to make changes in the Method....which has to be
identified by debugging the standard code for your action .....
Type of Enhancements are :
User Exits, Transactions (SMOD - Sap implementation projects & CMOD - Customer Implementation
Projects.)
BADI - Business Add In...transaction (SE18 - Definition & SE19 - Implementation)
BTE - Business Transaction Events... Transaction (FIBF)
28.What is a Report?
Many times we get a request from client to give list of all standard SAP Reports.
Sales summary - VC/2
Standard sap -SD report list:
Display Customer Hierarchy - VDH2
Display Condition record report - V/I6
Pricing Report - V/LD
Create Net Price List - V_NL
List customer material info - VD59
List of sales order - VA05
List of Billing documents – VF05
Inquiries list - VA15
Quotation List - VA25
Incomplete Sales orders - V.02
Backorders - V.15
Outbound Delivery Monitor - VL06o
Incomplete delivery - V_UC
Customer Returns-Analysis - MC+A
Customer Analysis- Sales - MC+E
Customer Analysis- Cr. Memo - MC+I
Deliveries-Due list - VL04
Billing due list - VF04
Incomplete Billing documents - MCV9
Customer Analysis-Basic List - MCTA
Material Analysis(SIS) - MCTC
Sales org analysis – MCTE
Sales org analysis-Invoiced sales - MC+2
Material Analysis-Incoming orders - MC(E
General- List of Outbound deliveries - VL06f
Material Returns-Analysis - MC+M
Material Analysis- Invoiced Sales - MC+Q
Variant configuration Analysis - MC(B
Sales org analysis-Incoming orders - MC(I
Sales org analysis -Returns - MC+Y
Sales office Analysis- Invoiced Sales - MC-E
Sales office Analysis- Returns - MC-A
Shipping point Analysis - MC(U
Shipping point Analysis-Returns - MC-O
Blocked orders - V.14
Order Within time period - SD01
Duplicate Sales orders in period - SDD1
Display Delivery Changes - VL22
29.Will SAP work on UNIX and MAC?
SAPGUI is the GUI client in SAP ERP's 3-tier architecture of database, application server and client. It is
software that runs on a Microsoft Windows, Apple Macintosh or Unix desktop, and allows a user to
access SAP functionality in SAP applications such as SAP ERP and SAP Business Information
Warehouse (now called SAP Business Intelligence). It is the platform used for remote access to the SAP
central server in a company network.
'Mac is key for any modern enterprise' – SAP
Offering Mac is key for any modern enterprise,” Thomas Saueressig, SVP, Global Head of IT
Services, SAP says on Apple’s recently updated Mac in Business Website,
30.What is version of SAP GUI you are using?
SAP GUI for Windows 7.60 was created with Microsoft Visual Studio 2017 which is in mainstream
support by Microsoft until 12th of April 2022
SAP GUI for Windows 7.60 is supported until 12th of April 2022.
31.What is use of SAP EASY ACCESS?
This folder allows you to start SAP transactions, run reports or execute system commands directly
after logging on to a specific system. Connections: This folder allows you to maintain connections
that you use daily.
32.What is IMG?
IMG STANDS FOR Implementation Guide
33.What do you mean by system Landscape?
SAP System landscape is the group of systems you have installed, all the systems are linked to
different transport routs to main system, system landscape may vary from company to company or
business to business, SAP recommended landscape is explained below.
System Landscape & Architecture. Advertisements. SAP system landscape is defined as an
arrangement of SAP servers. Ideally, in a Sap environment, a three-system landscape exists.
A system landscape consists of Development Server (Dev), Production Server (PROD), and Quality
Assurance server (QAS)
34.Whai is SCM in the Non-SAP Terminology ?.
Supply Chain Management: You face enormous pressure to reduce costs while increasing innovation
and improving customer service and responsiveness. SAP Supply Chain Management (SAP SCM)
enables collaboration, planning, execution, and coordination of the entire supply network,
empowering you to adapt your supply chain processes to an ever-changing competitive
environment.
35.What is logistics in SAP EASY ACCESS?
This SAP easy access tutorial will give you an overview on how to set up, access, and utilize the easy
access shortcuts within SAP. You will also learn about setting up connections and executing
transactions.
The SAP easy access menu allows you to access desired transactions and reports if you are not aware
of the transaction code. You can reach your desired transaction or report by clicking on the expand
button to expand the options and subfolders. The below image shows the standard SAP menu which
will be displayed if no user-specific menu is set.
Telecom companies:
The worldwide telecom industry is in a strong growth mode. In fact, telecommunications has been
one of the most dynamic industries in terms of rapid technology advancement combined with
deregulations. The industry’s overall revenue is estimated to be over $1.3 trillion (2007). A few well-
known names in the telecom sector are Sprint, Cable & Wireless, Telstra, AT&T, China Telecom and
Reliance Communications. These companies and several other similar industries are conventionally
known as ‘Communication Service Providers’ (CSPs). They cater to a wide variety of cross sectional
industry sectors – be it IT, Bio-technology, Health Care, Manufacturing and even a residential
consumer.
SAP leverages its solutions for CRM, asset life cycle management, supply chain management and
financials to address the business needs. Built-in adapters connect all SAP modules to enable users
to extract the data needed to accomplish their respective processes. If necessary, SAP also offers
open-ended integration tools with other systems to connect and complete the processes.
A customer life cycle process in a telecom industry can be broadly classified as – Pre-Sales, Sales,
Order Administration & Provisioning, and Customer Support.
40.Give a brief understanding you have as an SAP fresher about question 39?
41.Explain about planning in ERP?
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is defined as the ability to deliver an integrated suite of business
applications. ERP tools share a common process and data model, covering broad and deep
operational end-to-end processes, such as those found in finance, HR, distribution, manufacturing,
service and the supply chain.
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
Definition: Enterprise Resource Planning, or otherwise known as ERP is an integrated software
application, which firms use to manage and control their internal and external resources comprising
financial resources, material, assets and human resources.
put simply, ERP system unites various functions of management into a rationally integrated system
to streamline processes and enable the movement of information among all business function. It can
be understood as a description of systems wherein innovative information technology is used to
manage all functional areas in an organization.
44.What is RICEF?
RICEF is not a standard SAP acronym! ... All right, RICEF stands for Reports, Interfaces, Conversions,
Enhancements, Forms.
RICEF stands for Reports, Interfaces, Conversions, Enhancements, Forms.
R - Reports
R refers report programming. Of course, firstly classical report programming, WRITE statement; then
it means ALV programming with either ALV function modules or ABAP objects.
I - Interfaces
Interfaces are ALE / IDOC developments. Not only development, ABAP programming for IDOCs, also
IDOC customization, management. I think it might refers EDI too.
C - Conversion
I think conversions means BDC programming, batch input function modules, BDCDATA structure,
CALL TRANSACTION. Maybe conversion specifically refers conversion programs for standard batch
input programs. Even we can say it refers LSMW.
E - Enhancements
Enhancements are user-exits and the object oriented model of user-exits that is BADIs.
F - Forms
Forms are SAP script forms, SAP script print programs, and Smart Forms.
45.If SD fails, what happens in the End-result of business planning?
With this information as a backdrop, we’ve put together a list of 10 common reasons businesses
close their doors:
Failure to understand your market and customers. We often ask our clients, “Where will you play and
how will you win?”. In short, it’s vital to understand your competitive marketspace and your
customers’ buying habits. Answering questions about who your customers are and how much
they’re willing to spend is a huge step in putting your best foot forward.
Opening a business in an industry that isn’t profitable. Sometimes, even the best ideas can’t be
turned into a high- profit business. It’s important to choose an industry where you can achieve
sustained growth. We all learned the dot-com lesson – to survive, you must have positive cash flow.
It takes more than a good idea and passion to stay in business.
Failure to understand and communicate what you are selling. You must clearly define your value
proposition. What is the value I am providing to my customer? Once you understand it, ask yourself
if you are communicating it effectively. Does your market connect with what you are saying?
Inadequate financing. Businesses need cash flow to float them through the sales cycles and the
natural ebb and flow of business. Running the bank accounts dry is responsible for a good portion of
business failure. Cash is king, and many quickly find that borrowing money from lenders can be
difficult.
Reactive attitudes. Failure to anticipate or react to competition, technology, or marketplace changes
can lead a business into the danger zone. Staying innovative and aware will keep your business
competitive.
Overdependence on a single customer. If your biggest customer walked out the door and never
returned, would your organization be ok? If that answer is no, you might consider diversifying your
customer base a strategic objective in your strategic plan.
No customer strategy. Be aware of how customers influence your business. Are you in touch with
them? Do you know what they like or dislike about you? Understanding your customer forwards and
backwards can play a big role in the development of your strategy.
Not knowing when to say “No.” To serve your customers well, you have to focus on quality, delivery,
follow-through, and follow-up. Going after all the business you can get drains your cash and actually
reduces overall profitability. Sometimes it’s okay to say no to projects or business so you can focus
on quality, not quantity.
Poor management. Management of a business encompasses a number of activities: planning,
organizing, controlling, directing and communicating. The cardinal rule of small business
management is to know exactly where you stand at all times. A common problem faced by
successful companies is growing beyond management resources or skills.
No planning. As the saying goes, failing to plan is planning to fail. If you don’t know where you are
going, you will never get there. Having a comprehensive and actionable strategy allows you to
create engagement, alignment, and ownership within your organization. It’s a clear roadmap that shows
where you’ve been, where you are, and where you’re going next.
Running an organization is no easy task. Being aware of common downfalls in business can help you
proactively avoid them. It’s a constant challenge. We know, but it’s also a continuous opportunity to
avoid becoming one of the statistics.
46.What is role of SD Consultant and ABAP consultant?
ROLE OF SAP CONSULTANT:
The role of an SAP consultant is divided into 2 parts: ... Functional consultants are responsible for
driving business meetings, preparing business case documents and communicating client
requirements to the technical consultants. They also configure the SAP system to run as per the
client's requirements.
A functional consultant evaluates the demands in talking with the customer's representatives,
transforms the essence into an abstract and algorithmic business model. Hence, he identifies the use
cases and transforms them into logical and technical views.
ROLE OF ABAP CONSULTANT:
SAP ABAP Consultants are responsible for developing SAP business applications using SAP Standard
programming language ABAP, the main roles and responsibilities of SAP ABAP Consultant are... SAP
ABAP Consultants play crucial role in the implementation of SAP software for an organisation.
47.Define about client:800?
The client 800 is a training client called as IDES (International Demonstration and Education System)
and it will contain data in the system to facilitate training and practice on this system. You
can configure the clients' business process in this also.
48.What is the role of Testing team in ERP? There are two types of testing teams available
in ERP companies: “Core testing team” to test the 'base ERP software' with the static functionalities.
“Implementation testing team” to test the 'implementation project' with dynamic and customized
functionalities
49.What is the role of on-site team and off-shore team?
The following table provides the roles and responsibilities of onsite and offshore project team
members:
Customer Onsite Onsite Offshore Offshore Offshore
Functional Technical QA Technical Developer
consultant consultant Lead
Development X X X
Initiation
Write X X
Functional
specification
Review X X
Functional
Specification
Sign-off X
Functional
Specification
Write X
Technical
specification
Review X
Technical
specification
Sign-off X X
technical
specification
Write Test X X
specification
Review Test X X
specification
Offshore X
activity
estimation and
planning
Offshore X X X X
activity
estimation
approval
Development X
of the SAP
objects
Technical X
documentation
QA Testing X
QA review X
Delivery X X X
Customer X X
acceptance or
functional
testing
Problem report X X X
handling
Change X X X
request
handling
Ongoing X X X X
Support
50.Explain difference between R/2, R/3, ECC and HANA Versions of SAP?
SAP R/2 was a mainframe-based business application software suite that was very successful in the
1980s and early 1990s. It was particularly popular with large multinational European companies that
required soft-real-time business applications, with built-in multi-currency and multi-language
capabilities.
R/3
With the advent of distributed client–server computing, SAP SE brought out a client–server version of
the software called SAP R/3 (the "R" was for "Real-time data processing" and "3" was for "3-tier": 1)
database, 2) application server, and 3) client (SAPgui)). This new architecture is compatible with
multiple platforms and operating systems, such as Microsoft Windows or UNIX. This opened up SAP
to a whole new customer base.
SAP R/3 was officially launched on 6 July 1992. Various releases of the software were made through
the 1990s.
A newer version of the software, with revised technical architecture, was released in 2004, and
renamed as SAP ERP Central Component (ECC). SAP came to dominate the large business
applications market.[2] The newest version of the product is SAP ECC 6.0 Enhancement Pack 8.
SAP ECC is the core component within the SAP's Business Suite (a collection of applications including
CRM, SCM and others, alongside the ECC component). SAP ECC contains different, but integrated,
functionality within its "modules" e.g. Finance module, HR module, Warehouse Management etc. all
within the ECC). The combined complexity of the Business Suite, along with newer in-cloud
competitors, has in recent years led SAP to invest heavily in simplification and massively improved
system response times, culminating in the announcement of the S/4 Simple Suite in February 2015.
S/4 has a single tenant architecture and is being built upon SAP's in-memory database technology
stack (HANA) and will be available in a choice of in-cloud and on-premises deployment. The classic
three-tier and database-agnostic architecture of R/3 is replaced with a two-tier architecture.
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