131427614.H Percentage Basics

Percentage Basics H
SERIES
Percentage
Basics
Curriculum Ready
ACMNA: 157, 158, 184, 187
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Percentages allow us to compare the size of one quantity in relation to another!
Give two examples where you have seen percentages used or mentioned?
Write what you think it meant in the situation you saw it being used.
Q When white light enters a glass prism, the light is split up (dispersed) into different colours.
Describe in as many different clear ways as possible, how much of the dispersed white light is green.
W Red
hit
el Orange
igh
t Yellow
Green
Blue
Indigo
Violet
Work through the book for a great way to do this
Percentage Basics H 7 1
Mathletics © 3P Learning Ltd SERIES TOPIC
How does it work? Percentage Basics
Proper fractions to percentages
Percent (%) = for every (per) 100 (cent)

In fraction terms, this means the denominator is equal to 100.
5
` 5% = 5 for every 100 = 100
Since the values are compared to 100, the whole amount is represented by 100%
For many percentage calculations, you will need to change fractions into percentages.
So, just write as an equivalent fraction with a denominator of 100!
Here are some examples involving proper fractions and percentages:
(i) 11 = 11% Percent signs means ‘for every 100’

100
(ii) 30 = 30 ' 2 Divide numerator and denominator by 2

200 200 ' 2
= 15 Equivalent fraction with 100 in denominator

100
= 15% Numerator < denominator <

100%
(iii) 1 = 1 # 2 Multiply numerator and denominator by 2

50 50 # 2

100
= 2% Numerator < denominator <

100%
(iv) 25 = 25 # 4 Multiply numerator and denominator by 4

25 25 # 4

100
= 100% Numerator = denominator = 100%
2 H 7 Percentage Basics
SERIES TOPIC Mathletics © 3P Learning Ltd
How does it work? Your Turn Percentage Basics
T AGE % P
EN
P E RC
RO
PE R F
...../...../20
....
O
RA T
1 Write these fractions as a percentage. CTIONS
a 9 = % b 40 = % c 75 = % d 100 = %
100 100 100 100
2 Write these percentages as a fraction in simplest form.
a 7% = b 13% = c 29% =
d 50% = = e 20% = = f 25% = =

100 100 100
Simplest Form Simplest Form Simplest Form
g 75% = = h 14% = = i 55% = =
j 78% = = k 45% = = l 68% = =
3 Write these as equivalent fractions with a denominator of 100 and then as a percentage.
a 6 = 6 ' b 80 = 80 ' b 150 = 150 '

200 400 500
200 ' 400 ' 500 '
= = =
100
= % = % = %

3 Write these as equivalent fractions with a denominator of 100 and then as a percentage.
d 7 = 7 #
e 5 = 5 #
f 10 = 10 #
10 50 25
10 # 50 # 25 #
= = =
100
= % = % = %
4 Write these fractions as an equivalent percentage (show your working).
a 1 b 3 c 10
2 25 10
= % = % = %
d 3 e 3 f 27
4 5 300
= % = % = %
g 198 h 50 i 355
200 2500 500
= % = % = %
Here are two other calculator-friendly methods
(i) Multiply the fraction by 100 and then simplify.

: 2 = ` 2 # 100j % Multiply fraction by 100 and add a percentage sign
5 5
= 200 %
5
= 40% Simplify the fraction to get percentage
(ii) Since a fraction = numerator ' denominator, we can also do this calculation:
: 1 = ^^1 ' 10h # 100h % (numerator ' denominator) # 100
10
= 10% Percentage value
5 Use your calculators to find the matching percentage fish. Draw straight lines joining their lips to
solve this:
What is the name given to the punctuation mark “/” used in modern percentage signs?
17 6
68 30% m x 25
48% I
d a
m F S
x
25%
9 % X
15 1 24 R
X 25 1 h
U 44% 17
z b
D 20
L h S S
Q b
12 z
25 d
85% O
U a
60
%
E 42 R
140
d h m a z b x
Decimals and percentages
To change a percentage to a decimal, just divide by 100:
5% = 5 Percentage as a fraction
100
5 = 5 ' 100
100
Writing the percentage in = 0.05 Fraction as a decimal

fraction form shows why we
divide by 100 for the decimal ` 5% = 0.05
This chart shows how we convert between decimals and percentages:
Move decimal point 2 spaces right
0.05.
# 100
0.05 Decimal Percentage 5%

' 100
0.05.
Move decimal point 2 spaces left
Let’s look at two more examples moving in opposite directions.
Write these as their equivalent percentage or decimal:
(i) 20%
20% = 20 ' 100 Divide by 100 to get equivalent decimal
= .2 0. Move decimal point 2 spaces left
= 0.20 Equivalent decimal
(ii) 0.4
0.4 = ^0.4 # 100h % Multiply by 100 to get equivalent percentage
= 0.40.% Move decimal point 2 spaces right
= 40% Equivalent percentage

1 Use all of the words below to describe how you write a percentage as an equivalent decimal.
decimal point places moved divide by
S ***D
GE
00
EC
N TA
I MA
...../... 20....
CE
AND PER ../ LS
2 Write each of these percentages as their equivalent decimal.
a 35% b 75% c 32%
d 4% e 1% f 9%
3 Use all of the words below to describe how you write a decimal as an equivalent percentage.
decimal point places moved multiplied by
4 Write these decimals as their equivalent percentage.
a 0.55 b 0.23 c 0.7
d 0.8 e 0.01 f 0.04
Combo time: Decimals, fractions and percentages
We can combine what we know now to change values from fractions to decimals to percentages and back.
Write two equivalent values in simplest form for each of these:
(i) 65%
65% = 65 ' 100 65% = 65
100
= 0.65 = 13
20
Equivalent decimal Equivalent simplest fraction Remember:
Use smallest place
` 65% = 0.65 = 13 value for changing
20
decimals to fractions.
(ii) 0.28
0.28 = ^0.28 # 100h % 0.28 = 28
100
= 28% = 7
25
Equivalent decimal Equivalent simplest fraction
` 0.28 = 28% = 7
25
1 Fill in the gaps with equivalent values in simplest form:
Fra
cti
on
1 4 7 3
4 5 10 4
De
cim
al
0.25 0.5 0.18
Pe
rc en
tag
e 25% 10% 60%
E
* D CIM
S
Combo time: Decimals, fractions and percentages ...../...../20....
AL
CENTAGE
S, FR ACTI
2 Write the two other equivalent values in simplest form for each of these:
ER
a 40% b 90% P ON
S AND
c 0.42 d 0.15
e 90 f 7
200 50
3 Writing two other equivalent values in simplest form for each of these:
a 0.08 b 1
20
c 36% d 6
25
e 84 f 60
300 1500
Fractional and decimal percentages
Sometimes the equivalent fraction with a denominator of 100 has a decimal numerator.
'2
'2
3 1.5
200 Initial fraction Equivalent fraction
100
(100 in denominator)
Remember: correct fractions

#2 have whole numbers only in the
#2 numerator and denominator.
Simply write the answer as the matching decimal and fraction/mixed numeral.
` 3 = 1.5% = 1 1 %
200 2
decimal mixed numeral
Here are some examples involving proper fractions and percentages:
(i) 1 = 1 '2
200 200 ' 2
= 0.5 Equivalent fraction with 100 in denominator
100
= 0.5% or 1% Decimal and equivalent fraction form
2
(ii) 25 = 25 ' 4
400 400 ' 4
= 6.25 Equivalent fractions with 100 in denominator

100
= 6.25% or 6 1 % Decimal and equivalent mixed numeral form

4
Multiply or divide by 100 to change values between equivalent decimal percentages and decimals.
(iii) 34.25%
34.25% = 34.25 ' 100 Divide by 100, move decimal point 2 places left
= 0.3425
(iv) 0.056
0.056 = 0.056 # 100% Multiply by 100, move decimal point 2 places right
= 5.6% or 5 3 % Decimal and equivalent mixed numeral form

5

1 Write these as a percentage in decimal and proper fraction form.
a 2 = = % = % b 3 = = % = %

400 400

Decimal Proper fraction Decimal Proper fraction
c 4 = = % = % d 3 = = % = %

500 750

Decimal Proper fraction Decimal Proper fraction
2 Write these as a percentage in decimal and mixed numeral form.
a 15 = = % = % b 10 = = % = %

200 400

Decimal Mixed numeral Decimal Mixed numeral
c 13 = = % = % d 30 = = % = %

500 800

e 17 = = % = % f 26 = = % = %

400 500

g 47 = = % = % h 75 = = % = %

500 400

N AL
IO
E S
T
AG
FR A C
NT 20....
A ND D E
3 Write these percentages as equivalent decimals. E
C .../
R .../ ..
PE .. CI
MAL
a 10.5% = b 37.05% =
c 2.45% = d 6.04% =
e 0.75% = f 0.015% =
4 Write these decimals as equivalent percentages.
a 0.025 = b 0.0625 =
c 0.1185 = d 0.4505 =
e 0.0705 = f 0.0096 =
5 Write these as equivalent decimal and mixed numeral percentages.
a 0.255 = % = % b 0.085 = % = %

c 0.1025 = % = % d 0.5075 = % = %

e 0.046 = % = % f 0.084 = % = %

g 0.218 = % = % h 0.555 = % = %

Where does it work? Percentage Basics
Percentage of an amount
20 # 10 =2 Using the equivalent fraction

100
Calculate 20% of 10 'of' means # or
0.2 # 10 = 2 Using the equivalent decimal
Here are two word questions involving percentage amounts:
(i) 60 pieces of biscuit crumbs were spilt on the floor.

If 80% of the crumbs were sucked up by a vacuum cleaner on the first sweep,
how many biscuit crumbs were sucked up?
80% of 60 = 80 # 60 Multiply by equivalent fraction (or decimal)

100
4800
= Simplify fraction
100
= 48
Always answer ` 48 biscuit crumbs were sucked up in the first sweep.
word problems
with a statement
Since the whole amount in percentage terms = 100%, we can use this fact to simplify some problems.
(ii) During an 8 hour work day, Jee Un spends 90% of the time working. The rest of the time she is
taking breaks etc. How many hours does she spend each day doing non-work activities?
Jee Un spends 90% of the time working.
` she spends 100% − 90% = 10% of the time doing non-work activities
` 10% of 8 = 0.10 # 8 Multiply by equivalent decimal (or fraction)
= 0.8 hours or 0.8 hours × 60 minutes = 48 minutes
` Jee Un spends 0.8 hours (48 minutes) each day doing non-work activities.
You could also have found 90% first, then subtracted that time from 8 hours.
Where does it work? Your Turn Percentage Basics
PERC
T * EN
UN T
MO
AG
F AN A
E O
F AN A
1 Complete the steps for these percentage calculations:
E O
...../...../20....
AG
M
T UN
O
T * N
PERCE
a 25% of 20 = # b 30% of 30 = 30

= =

c 40% of 65 = ' # 65 d 45% of 40 = 45 100

= # 65 = #

= =

2 Calculate these percentage amounts using equivalent fractions only (show all working).
a 10% of 60 b 50% of 18
c 25% of 16 d 75% of 28
e 60% of 20 f 80% of 30
g 40% of 24 h 20% of 39
3 Calculate these percentage amounts using equivalent decimals only (show all working).
a 20% of 40 b 30% of 20
c 50% of 32 d 35% of 80
e 25% of 44 f 75% of 18
g 21% of 30 h 19% of 25
4 Solve these percentage problems, showing all working.
a At an Angels and Devils fancy dress party, 40% of the 45 people there were dressed as angels.
How many people wore angel outfits at the party?
b 15% of a 200 GB (gigabytes) hard drive on a laptop is filled with Qian’s music collection.
How many gigabytes does her music take up in storage?
5 Solve these percentage problems, showing all working.
a Justin wrote a love poem containing a total of 150 words. If the word ‘love’ represented 18% of
the words used, how many words were not the word ‘love’ in Justin’s poem?
b According to a recent zoo study, 58% of all the 800 fruit-eating animals seemed to prefer the
taste of bananas over the taste of apples. How many animals preferred the taste of apples?
*S*O*M*E
6 Try these trickier ones to earn an awesome passport stamp. *E ...../.
..../2
0....
A *W
*
A pancake mixture contains 35% self-raising flour, 14% eggs and 6% butter.
A *W
a
The rest of the mixture contains milk. How many millilitres (mL) of * *S*O*M*E
*E
milk are there in 430 mL of the pancake mixture?
Hint: calculate the total percentage of non-flour ingredients first
b A set of balance scales currently has 245 grams on the heaviest side. If 20% of this weight
needs to be moved to the other side to make the scale balanced, what is the total amount of
weights on the scales?
Hint: find how much needs to be moved and then what it means to be in balance
Percentages greater than 100%
Now you have seen proper fractions as percentages, what happens when you have improper fractions?
For improper fractions, the percentage value will be greater than 100%.
So if you have 10% more than what you started with, you now have 110% of the starting amount.
These examples show that the method used is just the same as for percentage values smaller than 100%
(i) Improper fractions and mixed numerals:

480 = 480 ' 4
400 400 ' 4

100
= 120% Numerator > denominator > 100%
2 4 = 44 Equivalent improper fraction

20 20
= 44 # 5
20 # 5
2 whole (200%) + 4 = 20 ^20%h = 220 Equivalent fraction with 100 in denominator
20 100 100
= 220%
= 220% Mixed numeral > 100%
340% = 340 Equivalent improper fraction

100
= 3 40
100
= 32 Simplified mixed numeral

5
(ii) Decimals without leading zeros:

250% = 250 ' 100 Divide by 100 to get equivalent decimal
= 2.50. Move decimal point 2 spaces left
= 2.5 Equivalent decimal, no leading zero.
1.75 = ^1.75 ' 100h %

No leading zero means the
number in front of the = 1. 7 5 .% Move decimal point 2 spaces right
decimal point is not 0.
= 175% No leading zero, > 100%.

1 Change improper fractions to their equivalent percentage.
25 # 5 125 '2
a 25 = = = 125 % b 320 = = = %
20 200
20 # 5 100 Percentage '2 Percentage
Equivalent fraction Equivalent fraction
c 30 = = = % d 720 = = = %

25 300
e 9 = = = % f 576 = = = %

5 200
2 Change these mixed numerals to improper fractions and then their equivalent percentages.
3 150
a 1 1 = = = 150 % b 2 1 = = = %
2 4
2 100 Percentage 100 Percentage
Improper fraction Fraction Improper fraction Fraction
c 1 4 = = = % d 3 13 = = = %
5 10
e 2 12 = = = % f 1 17 = = = %
25 20
3 Change these percentages to their simplified equivalent mixed numeral.
120 20 2
a 120% = = 1 = 1 b 270% = = =

100 100 5
Improper fraction Mixed numeral Simplified Improper fraction Mixed numeral Simplified
c 110% = = = d 475% = = =

e 355% = = = f 192% = = =


4 Change each of these to their equivalent decimal or percentage.
a 124% = 124 ' 100 = 1.24 b 2.35 = 2.35 # 100 = %
c 213% = = d 1.68 = = %
e 490% = = f 9.07 = = %
g 300% = = h 4.5 = = %
5 Combo time:
Use the same methods to change these fractional and decimal percentages that are greater than 100%.
a 212.5% as a decimal b 105.75% as a decimal
c 165 1 % as a decimal d 286 1 % as a decimal

2 4
e 3.105 as a decimal percentage f 1.0535 as a decimal percentage.
g 2.125 as a mixed numeral percentage h 1.902 as a mixed numeral percentage
i 3.004 as a mixed numeral percentage j 2.0075 as a mixed numeral percentage
Recurring decimal percentages
Recurring decimals should be treated just like terminating decimals when changing to percentages.
Move decimal point 2 spaces right
0 . 3 3 . 3 3 3 ...
# 100
0.3o = 0.3333... Decimal Percentage o

33.3333...% = 33.3%
' 100
0 . 3 3 . 3 3 3 ...
Move decimal point 2 spaces left
It is usually nicer to write recurring decimals as a mixed numeral percentage where possible.
` 33.3%o = 33 1 %
3
This table shows that there is a pattern for writing simple recurring decimals as fractions:
0.1o = 1 0.2o = 2 0.3o = 1 0.4o = 4 0.5o = 5 0.6o = 2 0.7o = 7 0.8o = 8 0.9o = 9 = 1

9 9 3 9 9 3 9 9 9
Here are some more examples with slight differences involving recurring decimals.
(i) Convert 0.001o to its equivalent percentage value.

0.001o = 0.00111...
= ^0.00111... # 100h % Multiply the decimal by 100
Remember: = 0.111...%
Change so the recurring
pattern starts from the = 0.1o % Recurring decimal percentage
decimal point.
= 1% Percentage form from the table
9
o o to its equivalent percentage value

(ii) Convert 0.0164
o o = 0.016464...
0.0164
= ^0.016464... # 100h % Multiply the decimal by 100
= 1.6464%
The number of '9s' in o o%
= 1.64 Recurring decimal percentage
the denominator equals
the number of digits in = 1 64 % Mixed numeral form from the table
99
the repeating pattern.
IMAL PE
N G DEC RC
RI E
RECUR
NT
Recurring decimal percentages ....
.../20
AGE
.... .... . ...../..
S
.
..
Use this table to help when answering these questions.
...
0.1o = 1 0.2o = 2 0.3o = 1 0.4o = 4 0.5o = 5 0.6o = 2 0.7o = 7 0.8o = 8 0.9o = 9 = 1

9 9 3 9 9 3 9 9 9
1 Write these in their equivalent fraction form:
a 55.5o % b 122.2o % c 64.4o %
d o o%
23.23 e oo
8.08% f 10.1o 2%
o
2 Use this table to help write these recurring decimals as their equivalent mixed numeral percentage:
a 0.002o b 0.007o c 0.025o
d 0.064o e 0.08o f 0.1o
g 0.3o h 0.98o i 0.26o
3 Write these mixed numeral percentages as recurring decimals:
a 24% b 4 16 % c 12 %
9 18 3
What else can you do? Percentage Basics
One amount as a percentage of another
When comparing values such as scores out of a total amount, the results are often given as a percentage.
either
= 80
100
Fraction Equivalent fraction
Score of 16 out of 20 = 16 = 80%
20 Percentage
or
'out of' means 'over' = 0.8
Equivalent decimal
= 16 # 100 or 16 ' 20 # 100

20
If using a calculator, here are two ways to do it
Here are a few more varied examples.
These examples show that the method used is just the same as for percentage values smaller than 100%
(i) Calculate what percentage amount 15 is out of 50 without using a calculator.
15 out of 50 = 15
50
= 15 # 2 Equivalent fraction with 100 in denominator

50 # 2
= 30
100
= 30%
The calculator should be used for more complex calculations.

(ii) Deanne scored 23.5 marks out of a possible 30 in a recent competition. Calculate her
percentage score.
23.5 out of 30 = ^^23.5 ' 30h # 100h %
= 78.3o %
= 78 1 % Equivalent mixed numeral percentage

3
` Deanne’s percentage score in the competition was 78 1 %
3
Percentages can also be rounded off.

(iii) Write 13 as a percentage out of 19, rounded to 2 decimal places.
Remember:
13 out of 19 = ^^13 ' 19h # 100h % If the next digit
is 5 or more,
= 68.421 052 63...% round up.
= 68.42% ^ to 2 decimal placesh
**** ONE ****
AMOUNT AS A
OF ANOTHER
1 Calculate these percentage amounts, showing all you working:
...../...../20....
PERCENTAGE
a 5 out of 20 b 10 out of 25
c 128 out of 200 d 450 out of 500
2 Calculate these percentage amounts, leaving your answers as mixed numeral percentages:
c 25 out of 30 d 10.1 out of 40
3 Calculate these percentage amounts, rounding your answers to 2 decimal places:
c 8.9 out of 11 d 22.8 out of 34
What else can you do? Your Turn Percentage Basics

4 Grace was top of her science class when she correctly spelled 48 out of 50 scientific terms in a test.
What percentage of the terms did she spell correctly?
5 Luke made 16 good passes during one half of a football match in which he had possession of the
ball 25 times. What percentage of his possessions resulted in good passes being completed?
6 Ahmed had these free patterned covers to choose from when he purchased a new mobile phone:
What percentage of Ahmed’s choices had striped covers?

Hint: compare how many covers are striped with how many covers there are in total
7 When white light enters a glass prism, the light is split up (dispersed) into different colours. According
to the diagram, what percentage of the dispersed light is green, rounded to 2 decimal places?
W Red
hit
el Orange
igh
t Yellow
Green
Blue
Indigo
Violet
8 A 3.6 L jug of mixed cordial drink contains 0.82 L of flavour syrup. What percentage of the mixed
cordial drink is syrup flavour, rounded to 1 decimal place?
9 In one particular song at a concert, the rhythm guitarist for “The Lightening Lizards” uses 14 of the
39 different chords played by her throughout the entire concert. What percentage of the chords
played are used in that one song, rounded to 2 decimal places?
10 Nicola checked the space she had available on a memory stick and found that so far, 12.6 GB of the
16 GB total memory had been used. What percentage of the memory stick storage space has Nicola
already used? Write your answer as a mixed numeral percentage.
11 What mixed numeral percentage represents the number of black hexagons in this picture?
12 A bag contains chocolates individually wrapped in different coloured foils. There are 4 pink, 6 green
and 8 red. What percentage of the chocolates are wrapped in pink foil?
Write answer as a mixed numeral.
Here is what we do if we want to find the remaining percentage amounts:
Twenty five of the thirty people who were rushing for the train successfully caught it. What
percentage of the people missed getting to the train on time?
25 out of 30 caught the train
` ^30 - 25h = 5 out of 30 missed the train
= 6^5 ' 30h # 100 @%
o
= 16.6% Decimal percentage
= 16 2 % Mixed numeral percentage

3
` 16 2 % the people rushing for the train missed getting to it on time.
3
13 Three students did not complete their Media homework of watching a TV news broadcast.
What percentage of students completed their homework if there are twenty five students in the class?
14 If thirty five of the sixty seven people at a meeting voted ‘yes’ on a decision, what percentage voted
‘no’? Answer accurate to 1 decimal place.
15 A movie cinema is showing: four children’s, three action adventure, two romantic comedies, and
five drama movies during one week. What percentage of the movies are not romantic comedies,
rounded to 1 decimal place?
16 19 173 of the 41 500 supporters at a sports game were barracking for the team that eventually won.
The remaining spectators all supported the team that lost. What percentage of the supporters left
the game disappointed that their team lost?
Write answer as a mixed numeral.
Reflection time
Reflecting on the work covered within this booklet:
• What useful skills have you gained by learning about percentages?
• Write about one or two ways you think you could apply percentages to a real life situation.
• If you discovered or learnt about any shortcuts to help with percentages or some other cool facts,
jot them down here:
Cheat Sheet Percentage Basics
Here is a summary of some important things to remember for percentage basics

Percent (%) = for every (per) 100 (cent)
` 5% = 5 for every 100 = 5
100

Terminating Recurring
0.05. 0 . 3 3 . 3 3 3 ...
# 100
# 100
0.05 Decimal Percentage 5% 0.3o Decimal Percentage o

33.3%
' 100 ' 100
.05.0 0 . 3 3 . 3 3 3 ...

'2
'2
3 1.5
200 Initial fraction Equivalent fraction
100
(100 in denominator)
#2
#2
20 # 10 =2 Using the equivalent fraction
100
Calculate 20% of 10 'of' means # or
0.2 # 10 = 2 Using the equivalent decimal
One amount as a percentage of another either

= 80
100
Fraction Equivalent fraction
Score of 16 out of 20 = 16 = 80%
20 Percentage
or
= 0.8
Equivalent decimal
= 16 # 100 or 16 ' 20 # 100

20
If using a calculator
Answers Percentage Basics
Proper fractions to percentages Decimals and percentages
1. a 9% b 40% c 75% d 100% 3. The decimal is multiplied by 100, so the decimal

point is moved places to the right.
7 13 29
2. a 100 b
100
c
100
4. a 55% b 23% c 70%
d
1 e
1 f
1
2 5 4 d 80% e 1% f 4%
g 3 h
7 i
11
4 50 20
39 9 17 Combo time:
j k l
50 20 25 Decimals, fractions and percentages
3. a 3% b 20% c 30% 1.
Fra
d e f cti
70% 10% 40% on
1 1 1 4 3 7 9 3
4 10 2 5 5 10 50 4
4. a 50% De
b 12% c 100% cim
al
d 75% e 60% f 9% 0.25 0.1 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.18 0.75
Pe
g 99% h 2% i 71% rc en
tag
e 25% 10% 50% 80% 60% 70% 18% 75%
5.
17 6
30% m 25
68 x
48%
d
I
a
2. a 0.4 Decimal b 0.9 Decimal
F S
m
2 9
x
Fraction Fraction
25%
9 % X
24
15 X
1
25 1 h R 5 10
U 44% 17
z b
L D h S S
20 c 42% Percentage d 15% Percentage
Q
12 b 21 3
50 Fraction 20 Fraction
d z
25 O
U 85% a
60
%
E 42 R
140 e 0.45 Decimal f 0.14 Decimal
45% Percentage 14% Percentage
S O L I D U S 3. a 8% Percentage b 0.05 Decimal

2 Percentage
d h m a z b x 25 Fraction 5%
c 0.36 Decimal d 0.24 Decimal

9
Decimals and percentages 25 Fraction 24% Percentage
e 0.28 Decimal f 0.04 Decimal

1. The percentage value is divided by 100, so the
decimal point is moved places to the left. 28% Percentage 4% Percentage
2. a 0.35 b 0.75 c 0.32

d 0.04 e 0.01 f 0.09
Fractional and decimal percentages Fractional and decimal percentages

1
1. a 0.5% = 2% 5. a 0.255 = 25.5% = 25 1 %
2
Decimal Proper fraction Decimal Mixed numeral
b 0.75% = 3 81 %
4% b 0.085 = 8.5% =
2
c 0.8% = 4% c 0.1025 = 10.25% 10 1 %

5 =
4
d 0.4% = 2% d 50.75 = 50.75% 50 3 %

5 =
4
1% e 0.045 = 4.6% = 43 %
2. a 7.5% = 72 5
Decimal Mixed numeral
1% f 0.084 = 8.4% = 82 %
b 2.5% = 22 5
3% g 0.218 = 21.8% = 21 4 %
c 2.6% = 25 5
3% h 0.555 = 55.5% = 55 1 %
d 3.75% = 34 2
e 4.25% = 1%
44
25
1. a 25% of 20 = 100 # 20
f 5.2% = 51%
5
Decimal Mixed numeral = 5
b
30
30% of 30 = 100 # 30
g 9.4% = 92%
5
3% c 40% of 65 = 40 ' 100 # 65

h 18.75% = 18 4
= 0.4 # 65
d 45% of 40 = 45 ' 100 # 40

3. a 0.105 b 0.3705 c 0.0245 = 0.45 # 40
d 0.0604 e 0.0075 f 0.000 15 = 18
2. a 6 b 9 c 4 d 21
4. a 2.5% b 6.25% c 11.85%
e 12 f 24 g 9.6 h 7.8
d 45.05% e 7.05% f 0.96%
Percentage of an amount Percentages greater than 100%
3. a 8 b 6 c 16 d 28 2. a 1 1 = 3 = 150 = 150%
2 2 100
e f g h Improper Fraction Percentage
11 13.5 6.3 4.75 fraction
b 21 = 9 = 225 = 225%
4. a 18 of the people were dressed as angels. 4 4 100
Improper Fraction Percentage
b Qian's music collection fills 30 GB of storage fraction
space.
c 14 = 9 = 180 = 180%
5 5 100
5. a 123 of the 150 words in Justin's poem are not

d 3 13 = 43 = 430 = 430%
the word 'love' 10 10 100
b 336 of the 800 fruit eating animals at the zoo
e 2 12 = 62 = 248 = 248%
preferred the taste of apples. 25 25 100
6. a There is 193.5 mL in the pancake mixture. f 1 17 = 37 = 185 = 185%

20 20 100
b Total amount of weights on the scales
3. a 120% = 120 = 1 20 = 11
= 2 # 196 = 392 g 100 100 5
Improper Mixed Simplified
fraction numeral
Percentages greater than 100% 270
b 270% = = 2 70 = 2 7
100 100 10
Improper Mixed Simplified
1. a 25 = 25 # 5 = 125 = 125% fraction numeral
20 20 # 5 100
Equivalent Percentage
fraction c 110% = 110 = 1 10 = 1 1
100 100 10
b 320 = 320 ' 2 = 160 = 160%
200 200 ' 2 100 d 475% = 475 = 4 75 = 43
Equivalent Percentage 100 100 4
fraction
e 355% = 355 = 3 55 = 3 11
100 100 20
c 30 = 30 # 4 = 120 = 120%
25 25 # 4 100
f 192% = 192 = 1 92 = 1 23
100 100 25
d 720 = 720 ' 3 = 240 = 240%
300 300 ' 3 100
4. a 124% = 124 ' 100 = 1.24
e 9 = 9 # 20 = 180 = 180%
5 5 # 20 100 b 2.35 = 2.35 # 100% = 235%
576 = 576 ' 2 = 288 c 213% = 213 ' 100 = 2.13

f = 288%
200 200 ' 2 100
d 1.68 = 1.68 # 100% = 168%
e 490% = 490 ' 100 = 4.90
f 9.07 = 9.07 # 100% = 907%
g 300% = 300 ' 100 = 3.00
h 4.5 = 4.5 # 100% = 450%
Percentages greater than 100% One amount as a percentage of another
5. a 212.5 ' 100 = 2.125 3. a 44.44 (to 2 d.p.) b 39.39 ^to 2 d.p.h
c 80.91% (to 2 d.p.) d 67.06% ^to 2 d.p.h
b 105.75 ' 100 = 1.0575
c 165.5 ' 100 = 1.655 4. Grace spelled 96% of the words correctly in the test.
d 286.25 ' 100 = 2.8625

5. 64% of Luke's passes were good.
e 3.105 # 100 = 310.5%
6. 25% of covers available have a striped pattern.
f 1.0535 # 100 = 105.35%
1% 7. The colour green makes up 14.29% of the

g 212.5% = 212 2
dispersed white light.
h
1%
190.2% = 190 5
8. 22.8% of the cordial is syrup flavour.
j 300.4% = 300 2
5%
3% 9. One song contains 35.9% of all the different chords
k 200.75% = 200 4
the band plays in one show.
Recurring decimal percentages 10. Nicola has already used 78 3 % of the memory stick
4
storage space.
1. a 55 5 b 122 2
9%
c 64 4
9% 9%
d 23 23 e
8 % f
4 %
10 33 11. 53 1 % of the hexagons are shaded black.
99 % 8 99 3
2
2. a 9 %
7 25 12. 22 2 % of the chocolates have pink foil.
b
9% c
9% 9
d 64
9% e 88
9% f
1%
11 9 13. 88% of the students had completed their homework.
g
1%
33 3 h 98 8
9% i 26 2
3%
14. 47.8% of the people at the meeting voted 'no'.
3. a 0.024o b 0.048o c 0.016o

15. 85.7% of the movies were not romantic comedies.

16. 53 4 % of the supporters left the game disappointed.
5
1. a 25% b 40% c 64% d 90%
1 1%
2. a 37 2 % b 87 2
c
1%
83 3 d
1%
25 4
Notes Percentage Basics
Percentage Basics H
SERIES
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Percentage Basics H

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Work through the book for a great way to do this

Proper fractions to percentages

Percent (%) = for every (per) 100 (cent)

Here are some examples involving proper fractions and percentages:

(i) 11 = 11% Percent signs means ‘for every 100’

(ii) 30 = 30 ' 2 Divide numerator and denominator by 2

= 15 Equivalent fraction with 100 in denominator

= 15% Numerator < denominator <

(iii) 1 = 1 # 2 Multiply numerator and denominator by 2

= 2 Equivalent fraction with 100 in denominator

= 2% Numerator < denominator <

(iv) 25 = 25 # 4 Multiply numerator and denominator by 4

= 100 Equivalent fraction with 100 in denominator

= 100% Numerator = denominator = 100%

2 Write these percentages as a fraction in simplest form.

d 50% = = e 20% = = f 25% = =

g 75% = = h 14% = = i 55% = =

Simplest Form Simplest Form Simplest Form

j 78% = = k 45% = = l 68% = =

Simplest Form Simplest Form Simplest Form

a 6 = 6 ' b 80 = 80 ' b 150 = 150 '

Proper fractions to percentages

4 Write these fractions as an equivalent percentage (show your working).

Proper fractions to percentages

Here are two other calculator-friendly methods

(i) Multiply the fraction by 100 and then simplify.

Decimals and percentages

To change a percentage to a decimal, just divide by 100:

Writing the percentage in = 0.05 Fraction as a decimal

This chart shows how we convert between decimals and percentages:

Move decimal point 2 spaces right

0.05 Decimal Percentage 5%

Let’s look at two more examples moving in opposite directions.

Write these as their equivalent percentage or decimal:

= .2 0. Move decimal point 2 spaces left

= 0.20 Equivalent decimal

= 0.40.% Move decimal point 2 spaces right

= 40% Equivalent percentage

Decimals and percentages

2 Write each of these percentages as their equivalent decimal.

a 35% b 75% c 32%

4 Write these decimals as their equivalent percentage.

a 0.55 b 0.23 c 0.7

d 0.8 e 0.01 f 0.04

Combo time: Decimals, fractions and percentages

Write two equivalent values in simplest form for each of these:

1 Fill in the gaps with equivalent values in simplest form:

Fractional and decimal percentages

Remember: correct fractions

Here are some examples involving proper fractions and percentages:

= 6.25 Equivalent fractions with 100 in denominator

= 6.25% or 6 1 % Decimal and equivalent mixed numeral form

= 5.6% or 5 3 % Decimal and equivalent mixed numeral form

Fractional and decimal percentages

a 2 = = % = % b 3 = = % = %

c 4 = = % = % d 3 = = % = %

2 Write these as a percentage in decimal and mixed numeral form.

c 30 = = = % d 720 = = = %

e 9 = = = % f 576 = = = %