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    Grammar Reference

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    陈嘉仪
    This document provides a grammar reference on reporting verbs used in reported speech. It discusses: 1) Types of reporting verbs such as verb + to-infinitive, verb + object + to-infinitive, and verb + that-clause. 2) How to report questions using verbs like ask, wonder and want to know, following the word order of statements. 3) How to report commands and requests using verbs like tell, beg, command, advise, warn and order, changing the imperative to a to-infinitive or not + to-infinitive structure.

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    Grammar Reference

    Uploaded by

    陈嘉仪
    105 views4 pages
    This document provides a grammar reference on reporting verbs used in reported speech. It discusses: 1) Types of reporting verbs such as verb + to-infinitive, verb + object + to-infinitive, and verb + that-clause. 2) How to report questions using verbs like ask, wonder and want to know, following the word order of statements. 3) How to report commands and requests using verbs like tell, beg, command, advise, warn and order, changing the imperative to a to-infinitive or not + to-infinitive structure.

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    This document provides a grammar reference on reporting verbs used in reported speech. It discusses: 1) Types of reporting verbs such as verb + to-infinitive, verb + object + to-infinitive, and verb + that-clause. 2) How to report questions using verbs like ask, wonder and want to know, following the word order of statements. 3) How to report commands and requests using verbs like tell, beg, command, advise, warn and order, changing the imperative to a to-infinitive or not + to-infinitive structure.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    105 views4 pages

    Grammar Reference

    Uploaded by

    陈嘉仪
    This document provides a grammar reference on reporting verbs used in reported speech. It discusses: 1) Types of reporting verbs such as verb + to-infinitive, verb + object + to-infinitive, and verb + that-clause. 2) How to report questions using verbs like ask, wonder and want to know, following the word order of statements. 3) How to report commands and requests using verbs like tell, beg, command, advise, warn and order, changing the imperative to a to-infinitive or not + to-infinitive structure.

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    of 4

    GRAMMAR REFERENCE

    1. Reporting Verbs
    There are a number of reporting verbs used in
    Reported Speech:
    * verb + to-infinitive
    (agree,offer,refuse,etc.)
    Example = ‘ I will wash the car for you ,’ said
    Ryan.
    Ryan offered to wash the car for
    me.
    * verb + object + to-infinitive
    (advice,ask,warn,etc.)
    Example = ‘ Y You should drive more carefully
    * verb + -ing Mark , ’ said Tina.
    form (gerund) Tina advised Mark to drive more
    (apologise carefully.
    for,suggest,complaine to somebody
    about,etc.)
    Example = ‘ Let’s go to the cinema , ’ said Lily.
    Lily suggested going to the cinema.

    * verb + that-clause
    (admit,announce,complain,etc.)
    Example = ‘ You never listen to me , ’ he said.
    He complained that I never listened
    to him.

    2. Reported Speech (Questions)


    *We usually introduce reported questions with the
    reporting verbs ask , wonder and the expression
    want to know.

    *Reported questions follow the word order of


    affirmative sentences.
    Example = ‘ Why did you go to the doctor? ’
    he asked.
    He asked me why I had gone to the
    doctor.

    *If the direct question begins with a question word,


    the reported question also begins with the same
    question word.
    Example = ‘ Where are you going? ’ she asked.
    She asked me where I was going.
    *If the direct question does not begin with a question
    word,the reported question begins with if or
    whether.
    Example = ‘ Did you enjoy the concert? ’ he
    asked.
    He asked me if / whether I had
    enjoyed the concert.

    *When we change questions from Direct to Reported


    Speech,pronouns,tenses,adverbs,etc. ,
    change in the same way as when we report
    statements.

    3. Reported Speech
    (Commands and Requests)
    *We commonly use tell , beg , command , advise ,
    warn or order when we report commands and ask
    when we report requests.

    *The Imperative changes to to-infinitive or not + to-


    infinitive.
    Example = ‘ Sit down,Rex , ’ said Dan.
    Dan told Rex to sit down.

    Example = ‘ Don’t tell anyone,please , ’ Laura


    said.
    Laura asked me not to tell anyone.

    NOTE :
    ~ When the request is in question form , in Reported
    Speech
    it changes to the to-infinitive.
    Example =
    ‘ Will you open the
    door,please? ’ Vicky said.
    Vicky asked me to open
    the door.

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