皿一 Des:gnation:D6386-99(Reapproved 2005)

′  ︹

Standard Practice for

Preparation of Tinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coated lron and
Stedl Product and HardwarC Surfaces for Paintingl
This standard is issued under the axed dcsignation D 6386: dle numttr inlmediately following the dcsignation indicates thc year oご
On3mal adoption or,ln the cttc of re宙 sion,thc ycar of lぉ t rc宙 sion A numbcr in ParCntteses indicates me year Of lぉ t“approvai A
supcrsc● pt epsilon te′ indicatcs all cditodai changc shcc ttc iast rc∼ ision● r rcappro、 ュl

1, Scope 2 2 5ο ει わrPり ″CrJν α′れgs 5′ l力 Cα ′

jθ 、

`な `Cο `ε .ent Cicanin3

“"ゴ
Sul■ ■ n SrCt‐ incatlon Nc i Solヽ
cc Prcptttr.lti、 〕
i t Thls practicc dcscribes illcthodb or prcpdiing surtaces or
new and weadlered hot― dip galvanized steel for p激 nting. Sudace PrepFation Specilication No 2 Hand Tool Clean―
― Hot― dp galvanlzed steel is produced by the ttersion of lng
ib減 cated or unfab五 cated products h a bath of inolten zinc.as Surface Preparation Specincatlon No 3 Power Tool Clean―
pecined m speciflcations A 123 or A 153/A153M.This mg
Surface Preparation Speciflcation No.7 Brush― く
DfF Blast
_practtce covers sttace preparaton on iron and steel products
■d hardware dlat have not been painted prevbusly.Galva― Cleaning
ized sttκ es may have bcen treated with protective coatings Paint Spec面 catlon No. 27 Bast Zinc Chromate― Vinyl
LO preVent the∝ currence of wet storage staln.This practice Butyral Wash Primer
― does not apply to shect galvanized steel products■ ortO the coil
3. Summary of Practice
)adng or conunuous roner coating processes.
3.l This practice describes the preparation methods that
1.2 The values stated ln SI units are to be regarded as dle
provide clean and suitable galvanized surfaces for p^lnting,
_standardo The values given in parentheses are For infoll..atiOn speciflcauy sO that an applied coadng systern can develop ale
^■ ly.

オ′ ″0″ ど″ss α″ 湯 adhesion nccessa電 /for a satlsfactory service Lre.

1.32Ъ ′∫s″ ι 力だ ′ θ ο
oψ ク Cο ε “ S, √ α
`s″
り,α SSο “
"″
″ご ″′滋 パ `ノ
′`
力 3.2 The zinc coating is constandy in a state of change.From
`
ユ ″sPο ぉ:ゎ “′′`“
り o/Й
`.fr J∫
げ 腋おS″ ″滋だ ″ `sttb′ お ″〃ひ
`'α `お ん dle time the steel part is removed iom the galvanizing ketac,
,α た saraり α ″ ど`パ力ι α′
`′
Й ′″ε ″c`s α″ど わ 々r`″″ f″ ιttθ
the exposed zinc coattng interacts widl the envlronment to
′ 湖 ″θr"“ follll, arst ttc oxides, next ttnc hydroxides, and then zinc
″ ιicaだ ο げ ″ g“ Jaraり ,滉 ira″ θ ′ S`・

“ cttbonates.4 The process of complete conversion of the outer

-2.Referenced Documents layer of zlnc carbonates can take up to two yearS of exposure
2.l AStty srarlda蔵 おr2 to dle envronment, depenぬ g on the l∝ al climatologlcal
A123 Specincat10n for Zinc oIOt― Dip Galvanized)COat_ condidons.Durlng the nrst stage,known as newly galvanlzed
steel,dle exposed srace cOnsists mainly of znc metal with a
_ ings on lron and Steel Products
A153/A1531Ⅵ Speciflcatlon for Zinc Coatlng(HOt― Dip)on small anlount of zinc oxide.Dunngぬ e second stage,known as
lron and Steel Hardware partiany weathered g」 van17ed StCel, the exPoSed sJace
A780 Pracice for Repnlr of I)amaged and Uncoated Areas consists nlalnly of zlnc o対 des and z血 hydro対 des with some
of Hot― Dip Calvanlzed Coatmgs 赦 carbonates.At dle flnal stage, known as weathered
B201 Pracdce for Tesdng Chromate Coatngs on Zinc and galvanlzed steel, the exposed srace consists mainly of
water― insoluble」 nc carbonatcs,some zllllc o対 deS,and rarely,
Ca山 饉um Sraces
zinc hydroxldes. lЪ e surface preparation for each of these
_ E376 Practice for Measu五 ng Coating Thickness by
Magnetic‐ Field or Eddy― Current C31eCtrOmagnetic)TeSt stages must be treated separately.
Methods 3.3 Variations in sCace preparation produce end conditions
dlat difet hence they do not necessarily yield identical results
when paints are subsequendy apphed.Service conditions win
rThis practice is under dictate the type of srace preparation to be selected,although
the jurisdiction of ASTM
Corilnitte€ DOl on Paint and
I -iated Coatings, Materials, and Applications, and is the direct rcsponsibility of
Subcomminee DOl.tt5 on Indusrial Prot€ctive Coatings.
- : Currcnt edition approved July I 2fi)5. Published August 2005. Originally
rroved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D6386-99.
t Available ftom Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC), 40 24th St., 6th Floor,
2
For rcfercnced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, wwv.astm.org, or Piftsburgh, PA L52224656.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected], For Annwl Book of ASTM 'This interaction is dcscribed in "Duplex Systems," van Eijnsbcrgcn, J.F.H.,
volume information, rcfer to the standard's Document Summary page on Elsevier Science, New York, IYY 1994, nd n Zinc Hatdbook, Portec F., Marcel
t ASTM
-Standords website. Dekker. Inc., New Yodq NY 1991.

― Copynght o ASTM Intemational,100 3arr Harbor D"vo,PO Box C700,WOst Conshohockon,PA 19428‐ 2959,Unlted Sta“ s
 dff o s:l86 - ee (2oos)
the quality produced by any indi宙 dual process may vary with tank aned with the solution,sprayod,or brushed with a sof
direrent cOmpositiollls of the zinc srace. brisde brush, usuauy ny10n and not stecl or coppe■ Whel
dipplng or spraylng,the soludon woFkS beStin the temperatun
4.Signincance and Use rttr急 〕m60 to 85°C._Ater cleaning,nIIse thoroughly m ho
4.l This practice descHbes the procedures that can be used water or water under pressuFe.Allow to dry completely befon
to prepare new and weathered zinc― coated surfaces on after‐ procecdingo Whenever galvanized steel is rinsed,it is desrabll
fabrication stcel products for painting,and that can improve the to usc heated drying to accelerate the complete removal o
bond of pttnt to the zinc surface. watr from the surface.
5.3.2 Sb′ ソ CI`α れg Typlca cleaning solvents,such a
Processes for Newly Galvanized Steel `″ “llash naphtha,can be used to remove oi
5。
mineral spu■ ts or high―
51 N`ルγけ Gα ′
να′
,た S′ ′
― The category of newly galva― and grease The procedure to be used is as specified in SSP(
`″ `ピ
nized steel reters to zinc― coated steel that has no suracc Surfacc Preparation Specincation l Proper rags or brushe
treatinent after galvanizing such as、 vater quenching or chro― should be used toヽ vipe the galvanized parts
rsiじ n toti[illg ェ
■latc cつ nヽ じ 11こ 註.ls bccll givtinlzcd i、 ithiil thc
N(り :し 1-― Caution:These rags or brushes should be cleaned or recycle
previous 48 h There also should be no visible signs of zinc
often shce oil can accumulate on thetr suば aces and be transtrred backむ
oxlde or zlnc hydroxlde, which irst appear as a line u′ hite dle galv面 zed palt. Sma■ parts may be dlpped or cleaned h ultrasoni
oowder baths of 3olvents Atter cleanlng,dnse thproughly in hot water or wate
5.2Sィ ヵε οοr/2:4g‐ 一Hot‐ dip galvanized suttaces gen― under pressure Auow to dtt cOmpletely before pr∝ eedlng
`'“
erally are relattvely smooth after g」 vanizing.There may be
5.3.3 Haん ど οr Pο ″ θ′ :″ g――Hand or power toc
ιε′
some dick edges due to excess liquid zinc run‐ ofF d面 ng the `r bο “
cle面 ng inay be used to clean light deposits of zinc reactton bl
galvaluzlng,or hgh spots h ale coatmg due to included
products, suCh as wet― storage stain, as specined in sSP(
iron‐ zhc htemetallics(drosS)Or zinc oxide particles.hse
sracc Preparation Sp∝ incatiOn 2 or 3.
hgh sPots and rough edges,such as the metal Ⅲ line,must
5.4S“ が2ε ο4-Hot― dip galvanized sdaces haψ
be smoothed to avoid palnt alm gapS in dle areas of the high `Prapara″
a layer of zinc oxide and zinc hydroxide that must be remove(
spots.
before paint will adhere to the zinc coamlgo zinc coa饉 ng
5.2.l Zinc high spots,thosc that would cause pamtflhn gaps
generally are relatively sm∞ th and may be shghdy roughenel
such as dle rnetal磁 p line,should be removed by cle血 g、 vith
p■or to palnmg.The fouowmg fOur methods may be used u
hand or power tools as descHbed in SSPC Stlrfacc Preparation
prepare the galvanlzed surface for painmg.
SpecincatiOn 2 o■ 3 1he zinc should be removed until it is
:″ g― Abrasive sweep or brush bltstlng
5.4.l Sw``′ 31a∫ ′
level with the surrounding ttea, t〔 ndng care that tte base
wi五 ch uses a rapid nozzle movement will roughen the galva
coatlng is not removed by the cleaning IIlethods.After clean―
ing, thc srace shau be mspected for confo.1..ance to the nized surface pronle. The abrasive mate五 al must be chosei
requlred zinc 量饉ckness in accordance with Speclflcauons with care to provide a smpping action without removing exces
A123 or A 153/A153M umizmg a nlagnedc thckness insLu― zinc layers.One of the mate五 als that has becn used success
ment h accordancc widl Pracdce E 376.Any item falling fully is alumnuコげmagnesiunl silicate_Particle size should b`
below tte required zinc dlickness,before or after removal of in the range of 200 to 500岬 (8 to 20壼 血s).Other mate五 al
any high spots, shau be repttd in accordance widl Practice that can be used are soft nlmeral sands with a MOH hardnes
A780. of ttve or less,organic lneda such as conl cobs or wahじ
5.35“ 脅 ε ″g一 HOt― dip galvanized surfaces must be sheus,cOrundum,and lllnestone. Depending on the value o
`Clea″ hardness for the abrasive medium,blぉ thg pressure may neel
clean and tree or oil alld grease before they are palnted.
Adhesion problems have been expenenced with newly galva‐ to be detemlmcd for the approp五 ate nozzle to work― piec.
dzed attcles that have“ en water quenched or treated wiL・ l distance, geomett of the component, and bl〔 ドting medium
cけ omate conversion coatings. These Ⅲ″o post― galv血 zing For some an― anOy COatings,even the relatively low― pressurt
treaments are not reconlmended for galvanized articles that arc blast of O.15 to O.25 NIPa(20 to“ psi)can be t∞ greal
to be panted. causing cohesion probler田 .0■ contamination of the com
5.3.l A`“ ι O“ s AJ肋 ′
:′ θCJια″:ag― An alkaline solution,pH presscd air win degrade p,lnt adhesion to sweep― blastel
hot‐ dipgalvanized surfaces. Care is nceded in averting ali
in the range of H to 12 dennitely not greater than 13,can be
used to remove traces of oil,grease,or dirt.An alkaline cleaner 叩 Of COntamination.Care rnust be taken to leave zlnc layer
up of zlnc oxide or
is unsuitable for rernoval of heavy build― htact.The purpose of sweep blasting is to defom,not remov・
wet storage stain(sce Ame五 can Galvanizers Publications,War the galvamzed lnetal.Any area fa■ ing below ale requred zin(
thickness,before or after sweep blasting,should be repaired il
srarag`SraFP15,for desc五 pdon of alese cOndidons),S∝ 5.4 for
relnoval of zinc oxide layen Th應 alkaline solutton nolrunany is accordance with Practice A 780.TЪ E procedure for this proces
2 to 5%sodiunl compounds,widl small addi■ o■ s of emulsi― can be found in SSPC Surfacc PreparatЮ n Specincation 7
fying,chelatmg,or sequeste五ng agents,or a combination Sweep blasting of zinc should be not less dlan l10 m2/h(120
thereof This solution can be apphed through illlmersion in a ft2/h)uSing alesc abras市 e materials.■ e substrate should bl
maintained at a temPcrame greatcr than 3° C(5° D aboVC th`
dew point temperature.Fouowing abrasive blast cleaning
5 Ava」
able from Amencan Calvanlzers Ass∝ iadon,12200 E IliEAve.,No 204, surfaces should be blown down with clean,compressed att ll
Aurora.C08001年 5376 some atinospheric conditions,such as high hunuditμ Or higI

36
 4ffi o el46 - ee (2oos)
temperature, or both, the formation of zinc oxide on the blasted removed with a 6ild atkatine degreasing solution (pH
surface will besn very quickly, so the paint coating should be
ll.5
max) followed by a thorough rinse with hot watei 160"C
applied immediately, within 60 min, after sweep blasting. Zinc temperature) tr a pressrlle wash, then thoroughly
oxide formation is not visible to the naked eye: therefore. in ryglg
dried. This tmatueat is ap'plied in the ge!.,,anigrng plant or l-atjr
any atmospherc, painting should be stated as soon ., po*ribl" in the paint shop. When applied in the paint shop, the surface
after surface prcparation. must first be appropriately cleaned as just described to rcmove
5.4.2 Zinc-Phosphate Treatment-This convenion-soeting contaminants picked up after galvaniz.ing.
process consists of rcacting the newly galvanized zinc surfaci 5.4.5 Notifrcation of Surface Treatment-T\e paint shop
in an acidic zinc phosphate solution ssntaining sxidiziag must be notified as to how the galvanized articles have been
agents and other salts for accelerating the coating action. The processed and which surface treatment method, if any, is used
zinc surface is converted to a crystalline phosphate coating of to prepare the surface.
the proper texture to inhibit corrosion and increase the adher-
ence and durability of the paint film. This process may be
6. Processes for Partially Weathercd Galvanized Steel
applied by immersion, spray or soft bristle brush application. 6. 1 Before preparing the surface of partially weathered
After a time period of 3 to 6 min, the surface should be washed galvanized steel, the surface must be checked for the presence
with clean water and allowed to completely dry before appli_ of chromate conversion coating. The presence of a chromate
cation of the paint system. painting should take place ioon conversion coating can severcly impair the adhesion of some
after treabnent to avoid pick up of surface contaminants. paint coating sysoem. Chromate conversion coatings can be
applied at the galvanizing facility to protect the newly galva-
5.4.3 Wgsh Primer Treannent-T\is process involves the
nized surface from excessive growth of zinc oxide and zinc
use of a metal conditioner to neutalize surface oxides and
hydroxides along with etching the surface. One example of a
hy&oxide, commonly called wet storage siain. The presence of
chromate conversion coatings can be detccted by the procedure
wash primer is SSPC Paint Specification 27. The process is
based on three prinary components: a hydroxyl+ontaining
outlined in Appendix Xl. The removal of the cbromate
conversion coating also is outlines in Appendix Xl. The
resin: a pigment capable of reacting with re.sin and acid: an{
surface preparation method described in 5.4.4 could test
an acid capable sf malcing the resin insoluble by reacting with
positive for the prcsence of chrome. The surface p'rcparation
the rcsin, the pigment, and the zinc surface. The result is a film
rf approximately 8 to 13 pm (0.3 to e.J mits). Failures can technique described n 5.4.4 should not be removed if it tests
rcur if the film exceeds 13 pm (0.5 nils). The film usually is
positive for the presence of cbrome. This process is not a
chromate conversion coaring. If the galvanized surface has
applied by spray but may be applied by soft bristle bmsh, diF,
thick edges or high spots, these should be removd see 5.2.1.
rr loller coater. Using these lattcr coating methods, it may be
':fFcult to control fts fitm thickness. For drying tine prior when the high spots have been treated and the chromarc has
to been removed completely by sanding tx swoep blasting in
copcoating, follow the manufacoret's instnrctions. This wash
accordance with 5.4.1, surfaces should be blowa down with
primer treatment may be better suited !o certain types of paint
clean, comlncsscd air. In some amospheric conditions, such as
iystems. See SSPC Paint SpecificationZl for the best match of higb humidity ot high temp€raturc, or both, the formation of
his treaEnent to a paint system.
zinc oxide on the blasted surface will begn very quickly so the
5.4.4 Acrylic Passivation/Pretrcatment-T\e passivation/ paint coating should be applied within 30 min after sweep
r€tr€ament process consists of applying an acidic acrylic blasting. Zinc oxide formation is not visible to the naked eye;
olution to the newly galvanized surface and then allowing it to therefore, in any atmospherc, painting should be as soon as
dry, forming 4 thin film coating. When applied, the solution possible after surface preparation.
first reacts with the zinc surface forming a passivating conver- 6.2 Beforc preparing the surface of partially weathered
iion coating while simultaneously forming an acrylic coating galvanized steel, the surface must be checked for the presence
ruitable for painting on top of the passivation layer. The of wet storage stein. Wet storage stein is the whitish zinc
undedying conversion coating provides strong adhesion to the corrosion product forned when galvanized parts arc exposed to
;alvanized surface while the thin fifm acrylic layer provides moist air without sufrcient air circulation between the parts
rarrier protection, which inhibits corrosion and provides a and is described in the American Galvanizen Association
lighly compatible surface for the application of organic paint hrblication, Wet Storage Srain. Wet storage srein consists
films. There are versions of these solutions that cont in chrome prinarily of beta zinc hydroxide and small percentages of zinc
nd versions without chrome. The application methods for oxide and zinc carbonate. Since wet storage 5tein is hygo-
hese water based heatuents arc dipping, flow coating, spray_ scopic and has a larger volume than zinc metal, paint adhesion
ing, or other approfriate means. Following application the can be afiected seriously when painting over wet storage srrin.
rcating is dried in an oven or in air. In some instances, the Careful bmshing with a mild zs6snia solution using a soft
:oating is applied to hot-galvanized articles, in which case bristle brush will rcmove mild cases of wet storage srrin.
separale drying is not necessary. Rinsing is not required. The Thorough water rinsing must immediately follow the bnrshing.
coating is approximarcly l-pm (0.0+mils) thick. painting is Morc severe cases of wet storage stain that have thick whirc
rossible any time during a period of four months after corrosiou products ou the zinc surface, or even black corrosion
pplication, as long as the surface is free of visible zinc oxides products, can be cleaned using vigorous soft bristle brushing
or zinc hydroxides; however, if harmful gsaraminants, such as with a mild acidic solution with a pH of 3.5 to 4.5, such as
'lust, dirt, oils, grease or deposits are present, they must be acetic acid or citric aci4 but not hydrochloric or sulfuric acid

37
 {ff o dn6 - ee (2oos)
solutions. Thorough waterrinsing must immediately follow
the surface cleaning in accordance with 5.3 should be performec
bru$ing. After the part has completely dried, the surface
before any other cleaning is done.
profile should be applied in accordance with 5.4, and, then
the 7.2 The natrrra! corrosion of the zinc netal pioduccs
surfaces shouiri be biown down wrth clean, comp,ressed air.
If ;
no protective treatnent" such as those describe d n 5.4.2_5.4.4
roughened surface film consisting primarily of basic zinc
is applied, in some atnospheric conditions, such as high carbonate. The surface preparation that is needed is a powel
humidity, or high temperature, or both, the formation of zinc wash with warm water to remove loose particles from the
oxide on the surface will begin very quickly so the paint surface. The power wash should use water j;$ with a pressure
of less than l0 Mpa (1450 psi) so a, not to
coating should be applied within 30 min. prot".tiu"if protective film. This film is nanrrally roughened in its growth
damage the
treaEnent is applied, it is not necessary to paint immediately. " process, so no extra surface profiling is needed. Allow
Zinc oxide formation is not visible to the nated eye; therefori, the
in any atmosphere, painting should be as soon as possible after surface to completely dry before application of the paint
surface preparation. system.
6.3 If there is no indication of either chromate conversion 7.3 Fully-weathered galvamzed steel can be painted suc_
:ouqF or wet storage strin, the surface can be prepared as 9es;t1ftf with the application of appropriate paint systems
detailed in Section 5. including primers and top coat paints. The use of pietrear
ments, such as those described in 5.4, can enhanie paint
7. Processes for lVeathered Galvanized Steel adhesion and extend long term performance.
7.1 Fully weathered galvanizsd steel, as described rn 3.2,
has developed a stable and finely etched surface that is verv E. Keywords
suited for paint coating adhesion. If there are organic contami_
8.1 galvanized steel; galvanizing; hot-dipped galvanizing.
nants, such as oil, grease, or soot on the surface of the part, painting; paint preparation; surfacing pr"paritiou zinc coatin!

APPENDU

(Nonmnndatory Information)

xl' IDEMIT"nNG TIIE PRESENCE OFAI\D REMOVING CEROMATE TREATMENTS

USEDAS WET STORAGE (ALSO
CALLED IIT'MID.STORAGE) STAIN IIYHIBITORS

Xl'l oneof theinhibitorsusedbyproducersof zinc-coated x1.3.1 weathering the surfaces for six months, or
st€el is a hexavalent chromium solution. This treatment pre- xI.3.2 Abrading ile surfaces by sanding, or
vents adhesion of many paint coatings to zinc coated steel x1.3.3 Sweep b'iast clean in accordance with 5.4.1.
surfaces.
X1.4 The presence of hexavalent chromium on galvanized
XI.z [f zinc-coated to be painted is galvanized to
steel surfaces can be determined by spot tesring used practice B 20 l.
order, the order should prohibit the use of hexavalent cbro-
mium humid-storage strain treatuents. Xl.5 Conduct the spot test on several representative spots
on each individual piece of galvanized steel.
Xl'3 Hexavalent chromium treatment can be removed from Xl.6 Test, in accordance with practice B 201,
galvanized surfaces by one of the following three methods: every piece
of galvanized steel that is to be teated for painting.
ASTM lntamatbnal bkg tro ,prgt'drlt tf4rr,dng tha vattdty of any patent rtghg
aslxlfted in @nnrr;ton with any ltem mdntioned
ln this shnclard' use6 ol this stadad.arc ixprasay aaua-na aitdrmnaaoi
ot w ralay a y srd, tigttF., an(t 0B risk
of brtringcnwtt d str/t dglfr, an ennyh6no6 rrgraa&nttq. ' "t 'nltent

This siandadisstti€r,tb revis*n atanydne bytt.F r6qr,nsiuefrd',//,k*il @'7'nittfF aN mulf

be reviawdewryfueyeaB etfr
it not Evised, either rnwrovd or withdnwr'
Your Cr,nmet# arc invited eihar tor reviskm ol this staded ot for a&itional
stattr,aftls
aN slpuld b
a&lressd to Asru htemattona! Heia,&uarten Your rrlmments witt r*llive caraful
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it,iriiri,rg-y*
mako yo,r,eyrsro.ow,to theAsfU Connitt*' on Sl',.da*, athez&rcss
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is qyrighted by asTM tntematic//,al, I oo Baft Hatuot
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