Paper 6 - Sajeesh Hamsa Et Al

Annual Research Journal of SCMS, Pune Vol.
6, March 2018
Study on Effect of Social Networking Sites on the Young World of Cyber Crime
Sajeesh Hamsa
Symbiosis Center for Management Studies,
Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune
Dr. Archana Singh

Symbiosis Center for Management Studies
Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune
Prof. Nehajoan Panackal

Symbiosis Center for Management Studies
Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune.
Abstract
Using this cyber world online transmission of electronic data, electronic commerce, electronic
communication as well as electronic governance and mobile communication have become very
popular worldwide everyone is using it. The purpose of the paper is to understand the common
cybercrimes experienced by individuals and to know about the level of awareness amongst youth.
Entire research process is defined and distributed in a systematic manner. It includes extensive
literature review. The present paper is based both on primary as well as secondary data &
information. As the cyber world digital citizens all of us are instrumented with data obtainable
about their location and happenings, privacy seems to vanish. Technological challenges are
directly related to security challenges. The paper discusses the cybercrime amongst youth at a
macro level in a conceptual manner.
Keywords - Cyber-crime, Youth, Security awareness
ISSN 2348–0661 Print © 2018 Symbiosis Centre

for Management Studies, Pune Annual Research
68
Journal of Symbiosis Centre for Management
Studies, Pune Vol. 6, March 2018
Annual Research Journal of SCMS, Pune Vol. 6, March 2018
Introduction
Today e-mail and websites are means of communication for everyone. (Lane, J., Heus, P., &
Mulcahy, T, 2008). It facilitates almost instant exchange and dissemination of data, images and
variety of material. It is inclusive of educational and helpful material but undesirable information
also. (Mishna, F et.al, (2011).
These begin from inventions in information technology that, to enhance new economic and social
opportunities, pose difficulties to our security and prospects of privacy. All of us as humans are
already interconnected with information technology. Everyone uses devices and smart gadgets.
All social systems are now fully connected as the “Internet of Things.” Standards are evolving for
all of these potentially connected systems. Quality of life is improving through information
technology. Infrastructure is getting automated. Security and privacy are the two major challenges.
Disruption and illegal access can be done through attacks (Kugler, R. L., 2009)
In the current online era of cyber threats, a huge number of cyber threats and its impact along with
understanding is difficult to restrict at the initial stage of the cyber-attacks. (Hale, C. 2002). The
United Nations, for statistical purposes, defines ‘youth’, as those persons between the ages of 15
and 24 years, without prejudice to other definitions by Member States Almost 27.5% of the Indian
population is comprised of Youth in the age group of 15-29 years. It is seen that online risks such
as addiction, cyber bullying, and sexual solicitation are associated with negative consequences for
youth. It is important to note that not all children information technology users. (Broadhurst et .al
2014). Defining youth with age group is one of the easiest way in are equally susceptible and more
research is necessary to identify the youth most at risk as well as to develop effective interventions.
(Guan, S. S. A., & Subrahmanyam, K., 2009)
Research Methodology
Entire research process is defined and distributed in a systematic manner. It includes extensive
literature review, survey-based research, from Ebsco, Emerald, Scopus, Jstor, Thomson Reuters
and Google Scholar.
The present paper is based both on primary as well as secondary data & information. In order to
get the primary data from the root source, the structured questionnaires were prepared for
respondents. The number of respondents were 100 youth from different states of India.

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Review of literature
Cyber Crime
In the modern life cybercrime is an evil. In the cyber world is crime is the most serious threat. It
is very important to understand of cybercrimes and to safeguard future from the same (May,T &
Bhardwa, B. 2018). Cybercrime is an act for which punishment is imposed upon conviction.
Some of the kinds of Cyber-criminals are mentioned as below-
Crackers are those individuals who are virus creators. Hackers are the one explore others' computer
systems for education, Pranksters are individuals who attempt to tricks on others. (Sukhai, N. B,
2004) Career criminals are individuals who earn their income from crime. Harassment is cyber
bullying that occurs via the Internet.
Computer spam refers to unsolicited commercial advertisements distributed online via e-mail,
which can sometimes carry viruses and other programs that harm computers. Restriction of
cybercrimes is dependent on proper analysis of their behavior and accepting of their impacts over
different levels of society. (Probst, C. W et.al,2010). Therefore, cybercrimes understanding in the
current era and their effects over society with the future trends of cybercrimes are explained.
(McGuire, M., & Dowling, S. 2013).
Another type of cybercrime is phishing is just one of the many frauds on the Internet. Vishing is
an electronic fraud tactic in which individuals are tricked into revealing critical financial or
personal information to unauthorized entities. A vishing attack can be conducted by voice email,
or landline or cellular telephone.
Social networking Sites
The popular social media sites like Facebook and Myspace had studied the views on trust and
privacy concern regarding sharing of information and new relationships. It is clear there is no much
difference as privacy is concerned. It was found that majority of Facebook members were willing
to share information than members of Myspace. Whereas Myspace members are more willing to
interact with other new members of the site. This suggests that given in any social media platform,
privacy and trust do not really matter when exchange of information or relationship building
between the members. (Dwyer, Hiltz, & Passerini.2007).

70
(Subrahmanyam, Reich, Waechter & Espinoza,2008). study shows that evolving adults also use
Social networking sites to connect with family and friends and the pattern disclose that they use
online to reinforce their disconnected folks. According to (Lin& Lu,2011) one of the major factor
people join social networking sites is for fun or enjoyment, and the other aspect is friends and real
benefits of it. It was also known that men and woman have different influencing factors when it
comes to joining social networking sites. One of the top reason is, woman is influenced by number
of their peers in social media. Whereas men had no impact of friends or families, to join in a social
networking site.
(Wilson, Fornasier & White,2010) showed in their study that psychologically, overenthusiastic
teenagers trend to spend more time at social networking sites and also higher level of addictive
affinities.
Cybercrime and social networking sites
(Williams, Edwards, Horsley, Burnap, Rana, Avis & Sloan, 2013) focuses on social media users
with the ability to monitor social media facts streams for signs of high tension which can be
examined in order to detect deviancies from the ‘norm’ (levels of interconnection/low tension).
Indicators about neighborhood crime, scarcity and demography, to provide a multifaceted
representation of the ‘terrestrial’ and ‘cyber’ streets. As a result, this ‘neighborhood informatics’
allows a means of official foundations of civil unrest through reference to the user generated
versions of social media and their connection to other, curated, social and commercial data.
(O'Keeffe & Clarke, 2011) explained spending time in social media Network sites is among the
most common activity among the current generation of children and youngsters. Gaming sites,
simulated worlds and video sites such as YouTube; and blogs offer youth a gateway for
entertainment and interaction. This had grown tremendously in recent years. It is vital that parents
become conscious of the environment of social media sites, given that not all of them are safe
backgrounds for children and adolescents.
(Wall, 2008) talked about the astounding contrast between the numerous instances of cybercrime
supposedly stated each year and the pretty small number of known trials. This distinct evidence
leaks a large hole in our understanding of cybercrime and pleads a number of vital queries about
the quality of the making of criminological evidence about it. This item takes a serious look at the

71
means that public insights of cybercrime are made and uncertainties about it are produced. It
discovers the varying conceptualizations of cybercrime before finding tensions in the making of
criminological awareness that are causing the rhetoric to be chaotic with realism. It then
differences the tradition of cybercrime with what is actually going on in direction to know the
support gap that has unlocked up between public demands for Internet safety and its delivery.
(Patton, Hong, Ranney, Patel, Kelley, Eschmann& Washington,2014) emphasized on

assassination being the second top cause of death for young people, and experience to violence has
an adverse effect on youth mental vigor, academic presentation, and interactions. They proved that
youth violence, together with victimization, mob violence, and self-directed violence, more and
more occurs in the virtual space. Some methods of online violence are inadequate to Internet-
based relations; others are directly related to head-on acts of violence.
Cybercrime and youth
(Marcum, Higgins, & Ricketts,2010) through their study proved positively more effective policies
and plans can be established to teach youth and people about defending themselves while online.
Youth should be mindful of who they are communicating with online and abstain from as long as
any type of personal information to persons they do not identify and belief. Also, further analysis
of the use of social networking websites and the wrong actions of youths, as well as their
knowledge with misleading Internet practices, will spread our awareness of the online activities
and practices of adolescents. With this understanding, better safety measures and strategies can be
established to keep adolescents safe online
(Oksanen & Keipi, 2013) in the study explored cybercrime, which has grown into a major topic
within the last two decades. Young societies are more likely to be the targets of cybercrime. In
addition to age, other aspects including gender, education, financial status, and forceful
victimization relates with cybercrime victimization. Decent offline social networks were a
defending aspect against cybercrime harassment among females. Young cybercrime preys were
more likely to be bothered about future harassment. They showed the significance of
understanding both psychosocial threat elements in offline and patterns of uncertain online actions.

72
Data Analysis
1. Do you consider social media has more negative or positive effect?
SOCIAL MEDIA IMPACT ON

INDIVIDUAL
Positive Impact Negative Impact
44%
56%
Out of 100 respondents’ majority have shown that extensive use of social media can actually
cause addiction and negative effects. On the contrary other respondents perceived it as a positive
platform.
2. Which types of information interest you in social media apps?
Areas of interest in social media

apps
13% Personal
18% 36%
Entertainment
Education
33%
Business
Majority of the respondents were interested in personal and business information. For the
purpose of education, it is least preferred. Entertainment is also preferred over education
purpose.
3. Which is the social media apps do you most often use?

73
Time spend on various Social media

networks
13%
whats app
15%
48% Youtube
24% Facebook
Instagram
Whatsapp is the most famous application of social media networking followed by Youtube,
facebook and Instagram consecutively.
4. Have you ever added an unknown profile from social media?
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Yes No
Majority of the respondents are conscious and do not accept any friend request from strangers.
40% respondents believe there is no harm in chatting with strangers.
5. Had you ever shared your passwords among close friends, parents or others?

74
Sharing on Confidential Data
11%
Yes
No
89%
It was astonishing to note that maximum respondents don’t mind sharing crucial information like
their password amongst family and friends, which shows level of awareness is very low amongst
youth.
6. Acceptance on the basis of gender on social networking site
Gender wise member acceptance
47
62
Yes No
Majority of the youth on social networking sites enjoy having friends of the opposite gender
which can be misleading and can cause negative effects.
7. Have you disclosed cybercrime faced by you to your friends or parents?
8%
Yes
92% No
Majority of respondents have not disclosed details of cybercrime faced by them to their parents

75
out of fear which again shows that the level of awareness of the consequences of cyber crime
needs to be assessed.
Conclusion
There are a wide range of information security awareness delivery methods such as web-based
training materials, contextual training and embedded training. In spite of efforts to increase
information security awareness, research is scant regarding effective information security
awareness delivery methods. (Rowe, D. C., Lunt, B. M., & Ekstrom, J. J. 2011). ( Abawajy, J.
2014) suggested that a combined delivery methods are better than individual security awareness
delivery method.
In order to prevent cyber stalking, individuals should avoid disclosing any information pertaining
to them (Florêncio, D., & Herley, C.2013). This is as good as disclosing your identity to strangers
in public place always avoid sending any photograph online particularly to strangers and chat
friends as there have been incidents of misuse of the photographs. Always use latest and update
anti-virus software to guard against virus attacks. always keep back up volumes so that one may
not suffer data loss in case of virus contamination Never send your credit card number to any site
that is not secured, to guard against frauds.
Always keep a watch on the sites that your children are accessing to prevent any kind of harassment
or depravation in children. It is better to use a security programme that gives control over the
cookies and send information back to the site as leaving the cookies unguarded might prove fatal.
Web site owners should watch traffic and check any irregularity on the site. Putting host-based
intrusion detection devices on servers may do this. It is important to discuss and evaluate the effects
of various information security awareness delivery methods used in improving end-users’
information security awareness and behavior. (Tadda, G et.al, 2006).
Limitations of the study

Following are the limitations pertaining to the research study-
 It is a descriptive study with close ended questionnaire and hence the potential to capture
unique insight is limited.
 Legal aspects of cybercrime and cyber security is not covered in the study.

76
References
Broadhurst, R., Grabosky, P., Alazab, M., Bouhours, B., & Chon, S. (2014). An analysis of the
nature of groups engaged in cyber-crime.
Dwyer, C., Hiltz, S., & Passerini, K. (2007). Trust and privacy concern within social networking
sites: A comparison of Facebook and MySpace. AMCIS 2007 proceedings, 339.
Ferrell, J. (1997). Youth, crime, and cultural space. Social Justice, 24(4 (70), 21-38.
Florêncio, D., & Herley, C. (2013). Sex, lies and cyber-crime surveys. In Economics of
information security and privacy III (pp. 35-53). Springer, New York, NY.
Guan, S. S. A., & Subrahmanyam, K. (2009). Youth Internet use: risks and opportunities. Current
opinion in Psychiatry, 22(4), 351-356.
Hale, C. (2002). Cybercrime: Facts & figures concerning this global dilemma. Crime and Justice
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Cyberinfrastructure. Trans. Data Privacy, 1(1), 2-16.
Lin, K. Y., & Lu, H. P. (2011). Why people use social networking sites: An empirical study
integrating network externalities and motivation theory. Computers in human behavior, 27(3),
1152-1161.
Marcum, C. D., Higgins, G. E., & Ricketts, M. L. (2010). Potential factors of online victimization
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May, T., & Bhardwa, B. (2018). Introduction. In Organised Crime Groups involved in Fraud (pp.
1-10). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.

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Annual Research Journal of SCMS, Pune Vol.

Dr. Archana Singh

Prof. Nehajoan Panackal

Keywords - Cyber-crime, Youth, Security awareness

ISSN 2348–0661 Print © 2018 Symbiosis Centre

ISSN 2348–0661 Print © 2018 Symbiosis Centre

Social networking Sites

ISSN 2348–0661 Print © 2018 Symbiosis Centre

Cybercrime and social networking sites

ISSN 2348–0661 Print © 2018 Symbiosis Centre

(Patton, Hong, Ranney, Patel, Kelley, Eschmann& Washington,2014) emphasized on

Cybercrime and youth

ISSN 2348–0661 Print © 2018 Symbiosis Centre

1. Do you consider social media has more negative or positive effect?

SOCIAL MEDIA IMPACT ON

Positive Impact Negative Impact

2. Which types of information interest you in social media apps?

Areas of interest in social media

3. Which is the social media apps do you most often use?

ISSN 2348–0661 Print © 2018 Symbiosis Centre

Time spend on various Social media

4. Have you ever added an unknown profile from social media?

ISSN 2348–0661 Print © 2018 Symbiosis Centre

Sharing on Confidential Data

6. Acceptance on the basis of gender on social networking site

Gender wise member acceptance

7. Have you disclosed cybercrime faced by you to your friends or parents?

ISSN 2348–0661 Print © 2018 Symbiosis Centre

Limitations of the study

ISSN 2348–0661 Print © 2018 Symbiosis Centre

Kugler, R. L. (2009). Deterrence of cyber-attacks. Cyberpower and national security, 320.

ISSN 2348–0661 Print © 2018 Symbiosis Centre

ISSN 2348–0661 Print © 2018 Symbiosis Centre

ISSN 2348–0661 Print © 2018 Symbiosis Centre

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