Friction Losses and Pump Horsepower
Friction Losses and Pump Horsepower
Friction Losses and Pump Horsepower
1. Momentum Transfer. Hot water in an open storage tank at 82.2°C is being pumped at the rate of
0.379m3/min from this storage tank. The line from the storage tank to the pump suction is 6.1m
of 2-in. schedule 40 steel pipe and it contains1 three elbows. The discharge line after the pump is
61 m of 2-in. pipe and contains two elbows. The water discharges to the atmosphere at a height of
6.1 m above the water level in storage tank.
Given:
f= 0.0048
2
4 fρLV 22 4 (0.0048)(67.91)(2.918)
Ff= =
2D (0.0525)(2)
= 105.74 J/kg
Total loss
ƩF= 2.333+ 15.965+ 105.74= 122.77 J/kg
a.) ƩF= 122.77 J/kg
V 22
+ g Z 2 + ƩF +Ws=0
2
2.9182 9.81 m 122.77 J
+ 2
(6.1 m)+ +Ws=0
2 s kg
b.) Ws = -186.85 J/kg
2. Heat and Mass Transfer. The liquid metal bismuth at a flow rate of 2.00 kg/s enters a tube
having an inside diameter of 35 mm at 425oC and is heated to 430oC in the tube. The tube wall is
maintained at temperature of 25oC above the liquid bulk temperature. Calculate the tube length
required. The physical properties are as follows (H1): k = 15.6 W/m•K, cp = 149 J/kg•K, μ = 1.34
x 10-3 Pa•s.
Given:
𝐷 = 35/1000 = 0.035 𝑇1 = 425 𝑜𝐶 𝑐𝑝 = 149 𝑗/ 𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝐾
𝑚 𝑇2 = 430 𝑜𝐶 𝜇 = 1.34𝑥10−3 𝑃𝑎 ∙ 𝑠
𝑚 = 2.0 𝑘𝑔/𝑠 𝑘 = 15.6 𝑊/ 𝑚 ∙ 𝐾
Solution:
𝑳 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟒𝟐𝟎 𝒎
3. Transport Phenomena. A flat plug 30 mm thick having an area of 4.0 x 10-4 m2 and made of
vulcanized rubber used for closing an opening in a container. The gas CO2 at 25 oC and 2.0 atm
pressure is inside the container. Calculate the total leakage or diffusion of CO2 through the plug
to the outside in kgmol/CO2/s at steady state. Assume that the partial pressure of CO2. The
diffusivity is 0.11 x10-9 m2 /s
Given:
30
𝐿= = 0.030𝑚
1000
𝐴 = 4.0𝑥10−4 𝑚2
𝑇 = 25𝑜𝐶
𝑝𝐴1 = 2.0 𝑎𝑡𝑚 𝑎𝑏𝑠
𝑆 = 0.90
m2
𝐷𝐴𝐵 = 0.11𝑥10−9
s
Solution:
Sp A 1 0.90(2.0) kgmol
𝑐𝐴1 = = = 8.031𝑥10−2 3
22.44 22.44 m rubber
N´ A D AB (c A 1−c A 2)
𝑁𝐴 = =
A z2− z1
where the feedrate is F kg/s water containing x0 kg A/kg water, the value of A in the solvent
product phase = £a/kg A, the cost of solvent S = £b/kg S and the equilibrium data are given by:
Solution:
The feed consists of F kg/s water containing F x0 kg/s A, and this is mixed with W kg/s of
solvent S. The product consists of a heavy phase containing F kg/s water and, say, F x kg/s of A,
and a heavy phase containing W kg/s of S and Wy kg/s A, where y is the concentration of A in S,
that is kg A/kg S.
5. Chemical Reaction Engineering. For a gas reaction at 400 K the rate is reported as:
−dp A 2
=3.66 P A atm/ hr
dt
Solution:
−dp A 2 −dp A 2
a) We are given: =k p P A =3.66 P A
dt dt
Balancing dimensions we find:
k p=3.66(atm−1)¿)