Indigenous Science and Technology in The Philippines

INDIGENOUS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
 This lesson focuses on the indigenous science and technology in the Philippines.
Filipinos, especially during the early times, tried to invent tools that will help them
in everyday life.
 They also developed alternative ideas in explaining various phenomena and in
explaining the world around them.
 This system of knowledge is called indigenous knowledge, which is the
foundation of indigenous science.
WHAT IS INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE?
 Refers to the understandings, skills and philosophies developed by societies with

long histories of interaction with their natural surroundings. For rural and
indigenous people.
INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE SYSTEM
 Embedded in the cultural traditions of regional, indigenous, or local communities.

 Orally passed.
 Evident in stories, poems, and songs.
INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE THAT ARE TAUGHT AND PRACTICE BY

INDIGENOUS PEOPLE
 Predicting weather conditions and seasons using knowledge in observing

animal’s behaviour and celestial bodies.
 Using herbal medicines.
 Preserving foods.
 Classifying plants and animals into families and groups.
 Preserving and selecting good seeds for planting.
 Using indigenous technology in daily lives.
 Building local irrigation systems.
 Classifying different types of soil for planting.
 Producing wines and juices from tropical fruits.
 Keeping the custom of growing plants and vegetables.
WHAT IS INDIGENOUS SCIENCE?
According To:
 Gribbin, 2001; Mkapa, 2004; Sibisi,2004- Indigenous science is part of the

indigenous knowledge system practiced by different groups of people and early
civilizations
 Paliwen, 2005- It includes complex arrays of knowledge, expertise, practices,
and representations that guide human societies in their enumerable interaction
their natural milieu: agriculture, medicine, naming and explaining natural
phenomena, and strategies for coping with changing environments.
Paliwen (2006) simple framework about indigenous science.
Indigenous Science
SCIENCE PROCESS COMMUNITY CULTURE TRADITIONAL

SKILLS AND VALUES KNOWLEDGE
Uses science Composed of

Indigenous traditional knowledge
process skills such as
observing, comparing, science is guided practiced and valued by
people and communities such
classifying, measuring, by culture and as ethno-biology, ethno
problem solving, medicine, indigenous farming
inferring, communicating community values. methods, and folk astronomy.
and predicting.
 Ogawa 1995- He claimed that it is collectively lived in and experienced by the people of
a given culture.
 Cajete 2004- Indigenous science includes everything, from metaphysics to philosophy
and various practical technologies practiced by indigenous peoples both past and
present.
 Iaccarino 2003- collaborated this idea by explaining that science is a part of culture, and
how science is done largely depends on the cultural practices of the people.
 Johnston (2000)- indigenous beliefs also develop desirable values namely;
1. MOTIVATING ATTITUDES- practice of motivating people by influencing their

thoughts and behaviours.
2. COOPERATING ATTITUDES – it influences a person’s desire and willingness to
cooperate and produces an emotional response.
3. PRACTICAL ATTITUDES- making sensible decisions and choices.
4. REFLECTIVE ATTITUDES- a willingness to think about things that you don’t
understand.
 Khun 1962- Developmental stages of most sciences are characterized by continual
competition between a number of distinct views of nature, each partially derived from,
and all roughly compatible with the dictates of scientific observation and method.
 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
(UNESCO)- recognized indigenous science as a historical and valuable
contribution to science and technology.
Indigenous science is important in the development of science and technology in the

Philippines. Like the ancient civilizations, indigenous science gave birth to the development of
science and technology as a field and as a discipline. Indigenous science helped the people in
understanding the natural environment and in coping with everyday life.

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INDIGENOUS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES

WHAT IS INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE?

 Refers to the understandings, skills and philosophies developed by societies with

INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE SYSTEM

 Embedded in the cultural traditions of regional, indigenous, or local communities.

INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE THAT ARE TAUGHT AND PRACTICE BY

 Predicting weather conditions and seasons using knowledge in observing

WHAT IS INDIGENOUS SCIENCE?

 Gribbin, 2001; Mkapa, 2004; Sibisi,2004- Indigenous science is part of the

SCIENCE PROCESS COMMUNITY CULTURE TRADITIONAL

Uses science Composed of

1. MOTIVATING ATTITUDES- practice of motivating people by influencing their

Indigenous science is important in the development of science and technology in the

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