2006 5 Problems
2006 5 Problems
2006 5 Problems
Juniors
J25. Let k be a real number different from 1. Solve the system of equations
3 2
(x + y + z)(kx + y + z) = k + 2k
(x + y + z)(x + ky + z) = 4k 2 + 8k
(x + y + z)(x + y + kz) = 4k + 8.
J26. A line divides an equilateral triangle into two parts with the same
perimeter and having areas S1 and S2 , respectively. Prove that
7 S1 9
≤ ≤
9 S2 7
Proposed by Bogdan Enescu, ”B.P. Hasdeu” National College, Romania
J27. Consider points M, N inside the triangle ABC such that ∠BAM =
∠CAN, ∠M CA = ∠N CB, ∠M BC = ∠CBN . M and N are izogonal points.
Suppose BM N C is a cyclic quadrilateral. Denote T the circumcenter of
BM N C, prove that M N ⊥ AT .
Proposed by Ivan Borsenco, University of Texas at Dallas
2p
J28. Let p be a prime such that p ≡ 1(mod 3) and let q = b c. If
3
1 1 1 m
+ + ··· + =
1·2 3·4 (q − 1)q n
for some integers m and n, prove that p|m.
x2 + {x} = 0.99
S26. Consider a triangle ABC and let Ia be the center of the circle that
touches the side BC at A0 and the extensions of sides AB and AC at C 0 and
B 0 , respectively. Denote by X the second intersections of the line A0 B 0 with
the circle with center B and radius BA0 and by K the midpoint of CX. Prove
that K lies on the midline of the triangle ABC corresponding to AC.
Proposed by Liubomir Chiriac, Princeton University
S28. Let M be a point in the plane of triangle ABC. Find the minimum
of
3
M A3 + M B 3 + M C 3 − R · M H 2 ,
2
where H is the orthocenter and R is the circumradius of the triangle ABC.
Proposed by Hung Quang Tran, Hanoi, Vietnam
S29. Prove that for any real numbers a, b, c the following inequality holds
Prove that the numerator of S(1) is divisible by p if and only if the numerator
of S(3) is divisible by p.
Proposed by Iurie Boreico, Moldova
∞
X 2k + 1
U25. Calculate the following sum .
(4k + 1)(4k + 3)(4k + 5)
k=0
Proposed by José Luis Dı́az-Barrero, Barcelona, Spain and Pantelimon
George Popescu, Bucharest, Romania
Z1 2
k
dx
x
0
f (x)
Find in a closed form a function g such that lim = 1.
x→1− g(x)
Proposed by Gabriel Dospinescu, Ecole Normale Superieure, Paris
O28. Let φ be Euler’s totient function. Find all natural numbers n such
that the equation φ(. . . (φ(x))) = n (φ iterated k times) has solutions for any
natural k.
Proposed by Iurie Boreico, Moldova