CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

Teaching strategies refer to the methods used to help students learn the desired

course contents and be able to develop achievable goals in the future. Teaching

strategies identify the different available learning methods to enable them to develop the

right strategy to deal with the target group identified. Assessment of the learning

capabilities of the students provides a key pillar in development of a successful teaching

study.

It is refers to the structure, system, methods, techniques, procedures and

processes that a teacher uses during instruction. These are strategies the teacher

employs to assist student learning. Learning activities refer to the teacher guided

instruction task or assignments for students. These are students’ activities.

The fundamental importance of teaching strategies is to make it easier to

implement a variety of teaching methods and techniques. Here you will find a variety of

teaching strategies to help students take more responsibility for their own learning and

enhance the process of teaching for learning. Whether you are new or experienced you

most likely have been exposed to about a million teaching strategies. It`s important to

note that your classroom is your domain, and it`s up to the teacher on how they want to

apply the teaching strategies that suit to their students learning style, as well as their

teaching style. With that said, here are few essential core teaching strategies: Behavior
Management, Student Motivation, and Getting-to-know you activities, Parent –Teacher

Communication, Brain Breaks, and etc.

As indicated above one of the core teaching strategies was Student Motivation.

Teachers are key actors who shape the learning environment and whose main task

include motivating students to learn. Teachers can differ in the way in which they try

motivate students to learn and their motivational strategies can vary from person

autonomy – supportive to controlling. One of the difficult aspects of becoming a teacher

is learning to motivate your students. It is also one of the most important things that they

should learned. By implementing effective teaching strategies. Teachers can influence

and motivate their students.

Motivations is the reason for people`s actions, desires, and needs. Motivation is

also one`s direction to behavior, or what cause a person to want to repeat behavior.

According to Marchr and Meyer, “Motivations is a word that is a part of the popular

culture as few other psychological concepts are”.

Motivating students just happens to be one of the most difficult things a

teacher has to learn to do, not to mention the most important thing. Research has

shown that students who are motivated and excited to learn are more likely to

participate in class. The students that are not motivated, will not learn effectively

and may even become a disruption to their peers. Simply put, when your

students are excited to learn, it makes for an enjoyable experience all around.

For psychologists and teachers alike 'motivation' has been one of the key

concepts used to explain different levels of performance. It purports to explain

to be strongly related to differences in levels of performance. At its simplest,

motivation has been related to the amount of intellectual energy typically used in

learning activities, and this led to a belief that motivation could been seen as a

stable characteristic of the individual, on a par with personality.

The term motivation has various definitions. Loewen and Reinders

(2011) defined motivation as the desire and incentive of an individual to engage

in a specific activity, while Bukhari et al. (2014) referred motivation as students’

effort to enhance performance. Meanwhile, motivation towards science learning

was defined as students’ desire to learn science (Bolat, 2007). Lee and Brophy

(1996) defined students’ motivation in learning science as students’ active

engagement related to science tasks to achieve better understanding of science.

Therefore, motivation to learn science promotes students to construct their

conceptual understanding of science by recognizing science concept through

elucidation of key concept and scientific questions.

Furthermore, students will use their understanding of science concept to

explain science phenomena and employ their knowledge to analyze information.

Previous studies have shown that motivation could affect students' learning and

performance.

Educational Psychology has identified two basic classifications of

motivations – intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic motivation arises from a desire to

achieve mastery of a subject. On the other hand, extrinsic motivation is

motivation to perform and succeed for the sake of accomplishing a specific result

or outcome. Students who are very grade-oriented are extrinsically motivated,

whereas, students who seem truly embrace their work and take a genuine

interest in it are intrinsically motivated.

Poor student achievement is often attributed to a lack of motivation and

rewards are given in an attempt to increase that vital student motivation.

Students with learning disabilities are very often unmotivated because school is

one failure after another to them. The statement, "If they would only try harder,

then they would do better on tests, take more risks, or earn better grades" is

often heard regarding these students. When rewards are given, they often have

the opposite effect of what was intended. High student achievement comes from

students who are motivated from inside. Therefore, instead of giving rewards,

teachers need to consistently teach students to become intrinsically motivated.

It is increasingly recognized that the learning environment is an important

factor in explaining student`s motivation for school and their learning outcomes.

Teachers are key actors who shape the learning environment and one of their

most important task is to create a learning environment that enhances and

sustains student`s motivation and engages student in learning. The present study

focused on the extent to which teacher`s motivational strategies are autonomy-

motivational strategies. The term motivational strategies refers to all teaching

strategies aimed at encouraging student`s learning. This term also refers to those

strategies that motivate students by pressuring them. Such controlling strategies

might not appeal to students` intrinsic or autonomous motivation, but instead to a

student`s controlled motivation.

One of the most difficult aspects of becoming a teacher is learning how to

motivate a student. It is also one of the most important. Students who are not

motivated will not learn effectively. Hey won`t retain information, they won`t

participate and some of them may been become disruptive. A student may be

unmotivated for a variety of reasons: they may feel that they have no interest in

the subject, the teacher`s method un-engaging or be distracted by external

forces. A teacher must now what are the teaching strategies that they may use in

to caught the attention of their student.

In this study, the researcher will investigate the effects of motivation to the

students: it`s relationship to the teaching strategies used by the teachers in

school.
Conceptual Framework

Many schools have developed mission statements that refer to educating

students so that they become life-long learners. The people who continue to

learn throughout their lives must actively make decisions and take actions to

develop their education; that is, they have no teachers handing out deadlines or

grades. It can be said that intrinsic motivation plays a vital part in an individual's

choice to take on challenges, and keep working on them until completion. In

order to develop adults with these characteristics, teachers need to focus a large

part of their teaching on developing this important characteristic. This literature

review addresses three areas related to intrinsic motivation. The first area

discusses why intrinsic motivation is important and describes the behaviors of

intrinsically motivated individuals. The second area examines the development of

the use of rewards in schools, and how rewards affect intrinsic motivation and the

achievement of students. The third area stresses educational practices that are

designed to promote intrinsic motivation. In addition, the differences in the

treatment of children with learning disabilities is examined and discussed.

Input Throughput Output

 Uses of
1. Effects of questionnaire
motivation to
the students:
it`s  Analysis and
relationship interpretation
to the of the
teaching questionnaire
 THE EFFECTS OF MOTIVATION TO
THE STUDENTS: IT`S
RELATIONSHIP TO THE TEACHING
STRATEGIES USED BY THE
TEACHERS IN BILOGBILOG
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

FIGURE 1. Paradigm of the Study

The first box was the input of the study which these includes the Effects of

motivation to the students: it`s relationship to the teaching strategies and Process

of integration of motivational teaching strategies to the school. While the second

box was the throughput, were we includes the Uses of questionnaire, Analysis
and interpretation of the questionnaire, Statistical treatment of data and

presentation of the data. The last box was the output were it include the

implication of motivational teaching strategies

Statement of the Problem

The main focus of this study id to provide elementary teachers of

Bilogbilog Elementary School with a better understanding about the importance

of motivations, the possible teaching strategies to be used, and if it affects

engagement within the process of delivery of the instruction in Bilogbilog

Elementary School. Our research questions becomes, “What are the effects of

motivation in the students and their relationship to the teaching strategies used

by the teachers in Bilogbilog Elementary School?” Along with those main

questions, there are several sub-questions to help guide this study. The

questions are as following:

1. How motivation affects the students?

2. What are the teaching strategies used by the teachers?

3. Is there a significant relationship between the effects of motivations to the

teaching strategies used by the teachers?

students in the process of delivery of instruction?

5. What are the implications of the study in the process of delivery of

instruction in elementary schools?

Hypothesis

The researcher conclude that there`s a relationship between the effects of

motivation to the students and teaching strategies used by the teachers in

school.

Significance of the Study

This study was conducted in Bilogbilog Elementary School where the

teachers was known for using teaching strategies. The researcher believe that

this study will benefit the following people

School Administration. This study would also help the school administration by

giving insights about the effects of motivation to the student and its relationship to
the teaching strategies. Through the use of this research they can conduct a

seminar to their teachers in school about this matter.

Teachers. The outcomes was very beneficial to the teachers to gained more

knowledge about teaching strategies that they may use to motivate their students

during their class hours.

Parents. The finding of this study would be beneficial to the parents because

they can use also the motivational teaching strategies indicate here in this

research on motivating their children when they are studying in their respective

houses. It may also serve as their guide on how they can encourage their

children to study well.

Researcher. This researcher was benefited also on this research. This study

may help them in the near future when they also in the field of their chosen

course. It may serve as their guide and they can also gained knowledge about

the different types of teaching strategies that they may read here and also they

can applied it when they were already teaching.

Future Researcher. The outcome of this study might serve as their guide in their

incoming future research. They may verify the validity of the findings of the

present and other related studies that had been conducted before.

Scope and Delimitation

School. The researcher will provide a survey questionnaire for the teachers. The

researcher will conduct a survey to the ten teacher in Bilogbilog Elementary

School and this will serve as their respondents for this study.

Definitions of Terms

Teaching Strategies. Teaching strategies refer to the methods used to help students

learn the desired course contents and be able to develop achievable goals in the future.

Teaching strategies identify the different available learning methods to enable them to

develop the right strategy to deal with the target group identified. Assessment of the

learning capabilities of the students provides a key pillar in development of a successful

teaching study.

Motivation. Motivations is the reason for people`s actions, desires, and needs.

Motivation is also one`s direction to behavior, or what cause a person to want to repeat

behavior. According to Marchr and Meyer, “Motivations is a word that is a part of the

popular culture as few other psychological concepts are”.

Extrinsic Motivation. Extrinsic motivation is motivation to perform and succeed

for the sake of accomplishing a specific result or outcome.

to its inherent interest, for self-fulfillment. Enjoyment and to achieve mastery of a

subject.

Motivational Strategies. Motivational strategies refers to all teaching strategies

aimed at encouraging student`s learning. This term also refers to those strategies

that motivate students by pressuring them. Such controlling strategies might not

appeal to students` intrinsic or autonomous motivation, but instead to a student`s

controlled motivation.