Universidad Abierta para Adultos Uapa: Presentado Por

UNIVERSIDAD ABIERTA PARA ADULTOS
UAPA
PRESENTADO POR:
Jason Jesus Torres Reyes
Matricula: 16-7840
Materia: Ingles Intermedio 1

Introduction
A plan is a method of achieving something that you have worked out in

detail beforehand.
A plan is typically any diagram or list of steps with details of timing and
resources, used to achieve an objective to do something. See also
strategy. It is commonly understood as a temporal set of intended actions
through which one expects to achieve a goal.
It is designed to take you from wherever you are right now directly to the
accomplishment of your stated goal. With a well-designed plan, you can
achieve virtually any goal you set out to accomplish.
How to a Plan
Know what you want to do. The less clear you are about what you want to
do, the less effective your plan will be. Try to specifically define what you
want to achieve as early as possible — preferably before starting your
project.
Example: You are trying to complete your master’s thesis — basically a
very long essay — which needs to be about 40,000 words. It will include
an introduction, a literature review (in which you critically discuss other
research that informs yours, and discuss your methodology), several
chapters in which you put your ideas into practice using concrete
examples, and a conclusion. You have 1 year to write it.
Work backwards from your end goal. Identify your end goal, then list
everything you need to do to accomplish it. Depending on your goal, you
may even consider different ways to reach your goal. After you know what
you need to accomplish, break this down into actionable steps to help you
create a more realistic plan.
Keep in mind that your plan may change as you work toward your goal, so
stay flexible.
Make sure that your goals are S.M.A.R.T. to ensure that your plan is
effective:[1]
Specific - Be clear about what you want to achieve.
Measurable - You can break down the goal into measurable checkpoints.
Attainable - You are capable of completing the steps necessary to reach
the goal.
Relevant - The goal makes sense for your life and purpose.
Timely - You have the time to work toward your goal and are progressing
on schedule.
Be specific and realistic in your planning. Having a specific goal is just the
beginning: you need to be specific and realistic in every aspect of your
project — for example, by stating specific and achievable schedules,
milestones, and final outcomes.
Being specific and realistic while planning a long project is all about pro-
actively reducing stress that can accompany poorly planned projects such
as missed deadlines and exhausting long hours.
Example: To finish your thesis on time, you need to write roughly 5,000
words per month, which will give you a couple of months at the end of
your timeline to polish your ideas. Being realistic means not placing the
expectation on yourself to write more than 5,000 words each month.
If you’re working as a teaching assistant for three of those months, you’ll
need to consider that you may not be able to complete 15,000 words in
that time, and you’ll need to spread that amount out over your other
months.
Set measurable milestones. Milestones mark significant stages along the

road to achieving your end goal. Create milestones easily by starting at the
end (the accomplishment of the goal) and working your way backwards to
your present day and circumstances.
Having milestones can help you — and if applicable, your team — stay
motivated by breaking the work into smaller chunks and tangible goals so
that you don’t need to wait until the project is completely finished to feel
as though you’ve accomplished something.
Don’t leave too much time or too little time between milestones —
spacing them two weeks apart has been found to be effective.[2]
Example: When writing your thesis, resist the urge to set milestones based
on chapter completions, as this could be a matter of months. Instead, set
smaller milestones — perhaps based on word counts — every two weeks,
and reward yourself when you hit them.
Break large tasks into smaller, more manageable chunks. Some tasks or
milestones may seem more daunting to achieve than others.
If you’re feeling overwhelmed by a large task, you can help ease your
anxiety and make it feel more doable by breaking it down into smaller,
more manageable chunks.
Example: The lit review is often the most difficult chapter to write, as it
forms the foundation of your thesis. In order to complete your lit review,
you need to do a significant amount of research and analysis before you
can even begin writing.
You can break it into three smaller chunks: research, analysis, and writing.
You can break it down even smaller by choosing specific articles and books
that you need to read, and setting deadlines for analyzing them and
writing about them.
Make scheduled lists. Make a list of tasks that you need to complete in
order to hit your milestones. A list on its own will not be effective — you
must write this list into a timeline associated with specific, realistic
actions.
Example: By breaking your lit review into smaller chunks, you’ll know
exactly what you need to get done, and can figure out a realistic
timeframe for those tasks. Perhaps every one to two days you will have to
read, analyze, and write about one key reading.
Put timelines on everything. Without specific time frames and deadlines,

work will definitely expand to fill the time allotted, and some tasks may
never get completed.
No matter what action items you choose for which phase of your action
plan, it is essential that a time frame be attached to absolutely everything.
Example: If you know that it takes you roughly 1 hour to read 2,000 words,
and you’ll be reading a 10,000-word article, you need to give yourself at
least 5 hours to complete that article.
You’ll need to also account for at least 2 meals during that time, as well as
short breaks every 1 to 2 hours for when your brain is feeling tired. In
addition, you’ll want to add at least an hour onto your final number just to
account for any possible unanticipated interruptions.
Create a visual representation. Once you’ve listed your action items and
set a specific timeline, the next step is to create some type of visual
representation of your plan. You might use a flow chart, a Gantt chart, a
spreadsheet, or some other type of business tool to accomplish this.
Keep this visual representation in an easily accessible place — even on a
wall in your office or study room, if possible.
Mark things off as you go. Marking things off as you go will not only feel
satisfying, it will help you keep on track lest you forget what you’ve
already done.
This is particularly important if you’re working with other people. If you’re
working with other people, you might consider using a shared online
document so that everyone can check in no matter where they are.
Keep a record of everything. As you work through your action plan, keep
notes of everything. You may find it helpful to have a binder with different
tabs in it to section off different aspects of your planning process. Some
examples of sections:
Ideas/Miscellaneous notes
Daily Schedules
Monthly Schedules
Milestones
Research
Follow-up
Individuals involved/Contacts.
Don’t stop until you’ve reached your final goal. Once your plan is
established and shared with the team (if applicable), and your milestones
are scheduled, the next step is simple: take daily actions to achieve your
goal.
Although you want to stay persistent, you should also be flexible. It's likely
that unexpected events will come up that require you to shift your
schedule or plan.
Hange the date if you must, but never give up on your goal. Occasionally,
circumstances or unforeseen events can arise that throw a wrench in your
ability to meet deadlines, complete tasks and achieve your goal.
If this happens, do not get discouraged – revise your plan and continue
working to meet targets and move forward.
Get yourself a good planner. Whether this is an app or a book, you'll need
a planner that will allow you to plan out your time by the hour, each day
of the week. Make sure it’s easy to read and easy to use, otherwise you’ll
likely not make use of it.
Studies have shown that physically writing things down (i.e. with pen and
paper) will make you more likely to do them. For this reason, you may be
best off using a physical planner to plan your time out.
Keeping a planner also helps you relieve stress and feel calmer because it
makes it less likely that you'll ruminate on what needs to be done.
Additionally, it helps your plan become more solid in your mind.
Avoid to-do lists. So you have a long list of things to do, but when will you
actually do them? To-do lists are not as effective as scheduling out your
tasks. When you schedule your tasks, you make the time to get them
done.
When you have specific time blocks in which to work (many day planners
literally contain hourly time blocks), you’ll also find that you’re less likely
to procrastinate, as you only have an allotted time in which to get your
work done before you must move on to the next scheduled task.
Conclusion
Hopefully, the process that I follow in setting professional goals will help
some of you who are stuck in the mud, trying to decide which road to
take. If you set only one professional goal for the year, and if you work to
achieve it, you are on your way to success in IT.
"The road to success and the road to failure are almost exactly the same."

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UNIVERSIDAD ABIERTA PARA ADULTOS

Jason Jesus Torres Reyes

Materia: Ingles Intermedio 1

A plan is a method of achieving something that you have worked out in

Set measurable milestones. Milestones mark significant stages along the

Put timelines on everything. Without specific time frames and deadlines,

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