Ips e PR 850 PDF
Ips e PR 850 PDF
Ips e PR 850 PDF
The IPS is reviewed and up-dated approximately اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﻫﺮ ﭘﻨﺞ ﺳﺎل ﻳﻜﺒﺎر ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ
every five years. Each standards are subject to
در اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲﻫﺎ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ.ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و روزآﻣﺪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدﻧﺪ
amendment or withdrawal, if required, thus the
latest edition of IPS shall be applicable اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردي ﺣﺬف و ﻳﺎ اﻟﺤﺎﻗﻴﻪاي ﺑﻪ آن اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﻮد و ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ
The users of IPS are therefore requested to send .ﻫﻤﻮاره آﺧﺮﻳﻦ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻼك ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
their views and comments, including any
addendum prepared for particular cases to the درﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎ و،از ﻛﺎرﺑﺮان اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد
following address. These comments and ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدات اﺻﻼﺣﻲ و ﻳﺎ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ اﻟﺤﺎﻗﻴﻪاي ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻮارد
recommendations will be reviewed by the
ﻧﻈﺮات و. ﺑﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻲ زﻳﺮ ارﺳﺎل ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ،ﺧﺎص ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻮدهاﻧﺪ
relevant technical committee and in case of
approval will be incorporated in the next revision ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدات درﻳﺎﻓﺘﻲ در ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﻓﻨﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و در
of the standard. ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ در ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎي ﺑﻌﺪي اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻨﻌﻜﺲ
.ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ
Standards and Research department ﻛﻮﭼﻪ، ﺧﺮدﻣﻨﺪ ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻲ، ﺧﻴﺎﺑﺎن ﻛﺮﻳﻤﺨﺎن زﻧﺪ، ﺗﻬﺮان،اﻳﺮان
No.19, Street14, North kheradmand 19 ﺷﻤﺎره،ﭼﻬﺎردﻫﻢ
Karimkhan Avenue, Tehran, Iran . اداره ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت و اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎ
Postal Code- 1585886851 1585886851 : ﻛﺪﭘﺴﺘﻲ
Tel: 88810459-60 & 66153055 66153055 و88810459 - 60 : ﺗﻠﻔﻦ
Fax: 88810462 88810462 : دور ﻧﮕﺎر
Email: [email protected] [email protected] :ﭘﺴﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﻜﻲ
General Definitions: : ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ
Throughout this Standard the following .در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ زﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲ رود
definitions shall apply.
Company : : ﺷﺮﻛﺖ
Refers to one of the related and/or affiliated ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﻲ و واﺑﺴﺘﻪ وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ
companies of the Iranian Ministry of Petroleum ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ، ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﻠﻲ ﮔﺎز اﻳﺮان، ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان
such as National Iranian Oil Company, National
Iranian Gas Company, and National .ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮه اﻃﻼق ﻣﻴﺸﻮد
Petrochemical Company etc.
Purchaser : :ﺧﺮﻳﺪار
Means the “Company" Where this standard is ﻳﻌﻨﻲ "ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻲ" ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﻣﺪارك ﺳﻔﺎرش
part of direct purchaser order by the “Company”, ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ آن "ﺷﺮﻛﺖ" ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ و ﻳﺎ "ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻜﺎري" ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ
and the “Contractor” where this Standard is a part
of contract document. . اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از ﻣﺪارك ﻗﺮارداد آن اﺳﺖ
Inspector : :ﺑﺎزرس
The Inspector referred to in this Standard is a در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺎزرس ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮد ﻳﺎ ﮔﺮوﻫﻲ اﺗﻼق ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ
person/persons or a body appointed in writing by ﻛﺘﺒﺎً ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺎزرﺳﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ و ﻧﺼﺐ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات
the company for the inspection of fabrication and
installation work .ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
Shall: :ﺑﺎﻳﺪ
Is used where a provision is mandatory. .ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎري ﻛﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم آن اﺟﺒﺎري اﺳﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻴﺸﻮد
Should: :ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ
Is used where a provision is advisory only. .ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎري ﻛﻪ ﺿﺮورت اﻧﺠﺎم آن ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد
Will: :ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺢ
Is normally used in connection with the action ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً در ﺟﺎﻳﻲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم آن ﻛﺎر ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس
by the “Company” rather than by a contractor, .ﻧﻈﺎرت ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
supplier or vendor.
ENGINEERING STANDARD
FOR
PROCESS REQUIREMENTS OF VESSELS
AND SEPARATORS
FIRST REVISION
DECEMBER 2009
اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ
ﺑﺮاي
وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ اول
1388 آذر
ﺗﻤﺎم ﺣﻘﻮق آن ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ.اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان اﺳﺖ
All rights are reserved to the owner. Neither whole nor any
part of this document may be disclosed to any third party, ﺗﻤﺎم ﻳﺎ،ﻣﺎﻟﻚ آن ﺑﻮده و ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺪون رﺿﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﺘﺒﻲ وزارت ﻧﻔﺖ اﻳﺮان
reproduced, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted in ذﺧﻴﺮه، ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻳﺎ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ ازﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ، ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد
any form or by any means without the prior written consent of
. ﻳﺎ روش دﻳﮕﺮي در اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻓﺮاد ﺛﺎﻟﺚ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮد، اﻧﺘﻘﺎل،ﺳﺎزي
the Iranian Ministry of Petroleum.
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
0. INTRODUCTION .................................................... 4
4 ............................................................................. ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ-0
1. SCOPE .......................................................................... 5
5 ................................................................... داﻣﻨﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد-1
2. REFERENCES .......................................................... 5
5 ............................................................................ ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ-2
3. DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY ........... 7
7 ........................................................... ﺗﻌﺎرﻳﻒ و واژﮔﺎن-3
3.1 Coalescers ............................................................. 7
7 ...................................................... ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎ1-3
3.2 Control Volume................................................... 7
7 ........................................................ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻟﻲ2-3
3.3 Conventional Gas-Liquid Separator ............ 7
7 .............................. ﺟﺪا ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﺘﺪاول ﮔﺎز – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ3-3
3.4 Critical Diameter ................................................ 7
7 ............................................................ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺑﺤﺮاﻧﻲ4-3
3.5 Disengaging Height ............................................ 7
7 ...................................................... ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺟﺪاﻳﺶ5-3
3.6 Fabric Filter ......................................................... 7
7 ..................................................... ﺻﺎﻓﻲ ﭘﺎرﭼﻪ اي6-3
3.7 Filter Medium...................................................... 8
8 ............................................................ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺻﺎﻓﻲ7-3
3.8 Filtrate ................................................................... 8
8 ..................................................... ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺻﺎف ﺷﺪه8-3
3.9 Flash Tank ............................................................ 8
8 ................................................... ﻣﺨﺰن ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ آﻧﻲ9-3
3.10 Hold-Up Time.................................................... 8
8 .............................................................. زﻣﺎن ﻣﺎﻧﺪ10-3
3.11 Knock-Out .......................................................... 8
8 ............................................................... ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ11-3
3.12 Line Drip ............................................................. 8
8 ......................................................... آﺑﭽﻜﺎن ﺧﻂ12-3
3.13 Mesh ..................................................................... 8
8 ........................................................... ﻣﻨﺎﻓﺬ ﺗﻮري13-3
3.14 Mist Extractor (Demister) ............................. 8
8 .......................................... اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻗﻄﺮه14-3
3.15 Open Area .......................................................... 8
9 ................................................................ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺎز15-3
3.16 Overflow.............................................................. 9
9 ................................................................... ﺳﺮرﻳﺰ16-3
3.17 Septum ................................................................. 9
9 ........................................................ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺻﺎﻓﻲ17-3
1
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
3.18 Scrubber.............................................................. 9
9 ............................................................. ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎز18-3
3.19 Slug Catcher ...................................................... 9
9 .............................................................. ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﮔﻴﺮ19-3
3.20 Target Efficiency .............................................. 9
9 ....................................................... راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﻫﺪف20-3
3.21 Terminal Velocity or Drop-Out Velocity . 9
9 ............................... ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺳﻘﻮط21-3
3.22 Underflow ........................................................... 9
9 ................................................................... ﭘﺎ رﻳﺰ22-3
3.23 Vapor Space ....................................................... 9
9 ............................................................ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺑﺨﺎر23-3
4. SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS ................ 10
10 .................................................... ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ و اﺧﺘﺼﺎرات-4
5. UNITS ........................................................................... 12
12 .......................................................................... واﺣﺪﻫﺎ-5
6. SEPARATORS .......................................................... 12
12 .................................................................. ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ-6
6.1 Gas-Liquid Separators ..................................... 12
12 ...................................... ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ1-6
6.2 Solid-Liquid Separators ................................... 25
25 ................................... ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﻣﺪ – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ2-6
6.3 Liquid-Liquid Separators ................................ 27
27 ................................... ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ3-6
7. VESSELS AND REACTORS ............................... 30
30 ......................................................... ﻇﺮوف و رآﻛﺘﻮرﻫﺎ-7
7.1 General .................................................................. 30
30 .................................................................... ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ1-7
7.2 Code, Regulations and Standards ................. 31
31 ........................ ﻣﻘﺮرات و اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎ، آﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ2-7
7.3 Design ..................................................................... 31
31 .................................................................... ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ3-7
7.4 Corrosion .............................................................. 36
36 ................................................................. ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ4-7
7.5 Design Load.......................................................... 36
36 .............................................................. ﺑﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ5-7
7.6 Materials ............................................................... 36
36 ........................................................................ ﻣﻮاد6-7
7.7 Documentation .................................................... 37
37 ......................................................... ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺳﺎزي7-7
7.8 Internals ................................................................ 37
37 .......................................................... اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ8-7
7.9 Miscellaneous Requirements .......................... 40
40 ....................................................... اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻗﻪ9-7
2
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
APPENDICES:
:ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻫﺎ
APPENDIX A................................................................................ 46
46 .......................................................................... ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ اﻟﻒ
APPENDIX B NATURE OF THE FEED.............. 47
47 ................................................ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺖ ﺧﻮراك-ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ب
APPENDIX C SIZING OF THE FEED AND
OUTLET NOZZLES ........................ 49
49 ......... ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه ﻧﺎزﻟﻬﺎي ﺧﻮراك و ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ-ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ج
APPENDIX D DESIGN MARGINS FOR
SEPARATOR ..................................... 51
51 ................ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه-ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ د
APPENDIX E .................................................................. 52
52 ............................................................................. ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻫ
APPENDIX F TYPICAL EQUATIONS, WHICH
CAN BE USED FOR TERMINAL
VELOCITY CALCULATION .... 56
ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺪ-ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ و
56 ................................... ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
3
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
0. INTRODUCTION ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ-0
"Process Design of Towers, Vessels, Reactors, " راﻛﺘﻮرﻫﺎ و ﻇﺮوف ﻫﻤﺰن دار، ﻇﺮوف،"ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎ
and Agitated Vessels", are broad and contain
various subjects of paramount importance. .ﮔﺴﺘﺮده و ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺎ اﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ
Therefore, a process Engineering Standard ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﭘﻮﺷﺶ
Specification is prepared to cover this subject,
and includes the following Standards: :اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه و ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي زﻳﺮ اﺳﺖ
4
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
Note 1: :1 ﻳﺎدآوري
This standard specification is reviewed and ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﻨﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ1384 اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد در دي ﻣﺎه ﺳﺎل
updated by the relevant technical committee on ﻃﻲ1 ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و ﻣﻮارد ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان اﺻﻼﺣﻴﻪ ﺷﻤﺎره
Dec 2005, as amendment No. 1 by circular No.
اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮارد در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد. اﺑﻼغ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ272 ﺑﺨﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺷﻤﺎره
272.
.ﻟﺤﺎظ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪه اﺳﺖ
Note 2: :2 ﻳﺎدآوري
This bilingual standard is a revised version of the اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد دو زﺑﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ﺑﺎزﻧﮕﺮي ﺷﺪه اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ
standard specification by the relevant technical ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﻓﻨﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم و ﺑﻪ1388 در آذر ﻣﺎه ﺳﺎل
committee on Dec 2009 which is issued as
( اﻳﻦ0) از اﻳﻦ ﭘﺲ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ.( اراﻳﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد1) ﻋﻨﻮان وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ
revision (1). Revision (0) of the said standard
specification is withdrawn. .اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻨﺴﻮخ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ
Note 3: :3 ﻳﺎدآوري
In case of conflict between Farsi and English ﻣﺘﻦ اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ،در ﺻﻮرت اﺧﺘﻼف ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﻦ ﻓﺎرﺳﻲ و اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ
languages, English language shall govern. .ﻣﻼك ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ
2. REFERENCES ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ-2
Throughout this Standard the following dated در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﻪ آﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎ و اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ دار و
and undated standards/codes are referred to. ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪي ﻛﻪ در، اﻳﻦ ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ.ﺑﺪون ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ در زﻳﺮ اﺷﺎره ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ
These referenced documents shall, to the extent
ﺑﺨﺸﻲ از اﻳﻦ،اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ
specified herein, form a part of this standard. For
dated references, the edition cited applies. The وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ، در ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ دار.اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ
applicability of changes in dated references that ﺷﺪه ﻣﻼك ﺑﻮده و ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮاﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ در آﻧﻬﺎ داده
occur after the cited date shall be mutually
agreed upon by the Company and the Vendor. ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻮاﻓﻖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ و ﻓﺮوﺷﻨﺪه ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺟﺮا،ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ
For undated references, the latest edition of the آﺧﺮﻳﻦ وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ اﻧﻀﻤﺎم، در ﻣﺮاﺟﻊ ﺑﺪون ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ.ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ
referenced documents (including any
.ﻛﻠﻴﻪ اﺻﻼﺣﺎت و ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻫﺎي آن ﻣﻼك ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﻨﺪ
supplements and amendments) applies.
API Standard 620, "Design and Construction "ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ و ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻣﺨﺎزن ذﺧﻴﺮه ﻓﺸﺎرAPI Standard 620
of Large, Welded, Low- ﺟﻮﺷﻲ و ﺑﺰرگ" وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎزدﻫﻢ،ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ
Pressure Storage Tanks"
11th Ed., 2009 2009 -
API Spec. 12J "Specification for Oil and " "ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﻧﻔﺖ و ﮔﺎزAPI Spec. 12J
Gas Separators" , 7th.Ed,.
Oct. 1989 1989 وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ ﻫﻔﺘﻢ اﻛﺘﺒﺮ
5
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
MR0103 "Materials Resistant to "ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻘﺎوم در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺷﻜﺴﺖ ﺗﻨﺸﻲ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻴﺪ MR0103
Sulfide Stress Cracking in " در ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻬﺎي ﺧﻮرﻧﺪه ﭘﺎﻻﻳﺶ ﻧﻔﺖ
Corrosive Petroleum
Refining Environments"
7
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
(See Clause 4 for Symbols and Abbreviations.) .( را ﺑﺮاي ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ و اﺧﺘﺼﺎرات ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﺪ4 )ﺑﻨﺪ
8
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
9
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
10
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
IP Institute of Petroleum.
اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻧﻔﺖ
K Entrainment Coefficient, in (m/s).
(ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺮي )ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ
L Distance between the Inlet Nozzle and Outlet Nozzle, in (m).
(ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻧﺎزل ورودي و ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ )ﻣﺘﺮ
MG + ML Mass of Gas and Liquid in the Mixture, in (kg).
(ﺟﺮم ﮔﺎز و ﻣﺎﻳﻊ در ﻣﺨﻠﻮط )ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم
MMNCM Million Normal Cubic Meter
ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل
MMSCF Million Standard Cubic Foot
ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﻓﻮت ﻣﻜﻌﺐ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد
Mod Moderate.
ﻣﻌﺘﺪل
NLL Normal Liquid Level.
ﺳﻄﺢ ﻋﺎدي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
np No-Pocket Vanes.
ﭘﺮه ﻫﺎي ﺑﺪون ﺷﻴﺎر
OD Outside Diameter, in (mm).
(ﻗﻄﺮ ﺑﻴﺮوﻧﻲ )ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ
OGP Oil, Gas and Petrochemical.
ﮔﺎز و ﭘﺘﺮوﺷﻴﻤﻲ،ﻧﻔﺖ
ppm Parts per Million.
ﻗﺴﻤﺖ در ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن
QG + QL Volume of Gas and Liquid in the Mixture, in (m³).
(ﺣﺠﻢ ﮔﺎز و ﻣﺎﻳﻊ در ﻣﺨﻠﻮط )ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ
Qmax Liquid Handling Capacity as Droplets.
ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺣﻤﻞ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻗﻄﺮات
Sh Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of the Heaviers, (Dimensionless).
(ﺟﺮم وﻳﮋه )ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ( ﻣﻮاد ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦﺗﺮ )ﺑﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ
S1 Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of the Lighters, (Dimensionless).
(ﺟﺮم وﻳﮋه )ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ( ﻣﻮاد ﺳﺒﻜﺘﺮ )ﺑﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ
SOR Start of Run.
ﺷﺮوع دوره
SP Single-Pocket Vanes.
ﭘﺮه ﻫﺎي ﺗﻜﻲ
TCA Total Corrosion Allowance.
ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﻛﻞ
TGU Thermal Gas Oil Unit.
واﺣﺪ ﺣﺮارﺗﻲ ﻧﻔﺖ ﮔﺎز
Ut Terminal Velocity of the Heavier Fine Particles, in (m/s).
(ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺪ ذرات رﻳﺰ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦﺗﺮ )ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﻪ
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
5. UNITS واﺣﺪﻫﺎ-5
This Standard is based on International System of ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ،(SI) ﺑﺮﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﻧﻈﺎم ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ واﺣﺪﻫﺎ،اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد
Units (SI) as per IPS-E-GN-100, except where
otherwise specified.
ﻣﮕﺮ آﻧﻜﻪ در ﻣﺘﻦ، ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪIPS-E-GN-100 ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد
.اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﻪ واﺣﺪ دﻳﮕﺮي اﺷﺎره ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
6. SEPARATORS ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ-6
6.1 Gas-Liquid Separators ﺟﺪا ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ1-6
6.1.1 General ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ1-1-6
Process design of gas (vapor)-liquid separators ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز )ﺑﺨﺎر( – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
should be based on IPS-E-PR-880, "Process "اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲIPS-E-PR-880 ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس
Design of Gas (Vapor)-Liquid Separators" and
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
should be amended with the following selection ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز )ﺑﺨﺎر( – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ" ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد
and design criteria: :ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ و اﻧﺘﺨﺎب زﻳﺮ اﺻﻼح ﺷﻮد
The function of a separator is to provide removal ﺣﺬف ﻛﺮدن ﮔﺎز آزاد از ﻧﻔﺖ و ﻳﺎ آب در،وﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺟﺪا ﻛﻨﻨﺪه
of free gas from oil and/or water at a specific .دﻣﺎ و ﻓﺸﺎر ﻣﺸﺨﺺ اﺳﺖ
pressure and temperature.
- When the gas/liquid ratio is high; زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﮔﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛-
- A smaller plan area is required (critical on ﺳﻄﺢ ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮ در ﺟﺎﻧﻤﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﺎﺷﺪ )در-
offshore platforms); ﺳﻜﻮﻫﺎي درﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻲ اﺳﺖ(؛
- Liquid removal efficiency does not vary with راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻧﻜﻨﺪ؛-
liquid level;
However, a horizontal vessel should be chosen : ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻇﺮف اﻓﻘﻲ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﻮﻧﺪ اﮔﺮ،ﺑﺎ اﻳﻦ وﺟﻮد
if:
- Large volume of total fluid is available; ﺣﺠﻢ ﺑﺰرﮔﻲ از ﻛﻞ ﺳﻴﺎل ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛-
- Large amount of dissolved gas is available; ﻣﻘﺪار زﻳﺎدي از ﮔﺎز ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﺤﻠﻮل وﺟﻮد-
داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛
- Large liquid slugs have to be accommodated; ﻟﺨﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﺰرگ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ ﺟﺪا ﺷﻮد؛-
- A low downward liquid velocity is required ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻛﻢ روﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻻزم ﺑﺎﺷﺪ )ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر-
(for degassing purposes, foam breakdown or in از ﺑﻴﻦ رﻓﺘﻦ ﻛﻒ ﻳﺎ در ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي،ﮔﺎززداﻳﻲ
case of a difficult liquid/liquid separation).
.( ﻣﺎﻳﻊ دﺷﻮار ﺑﺎﺷﺪ/ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
Following the gas/liquid flow path through ، ﻣﺎﻳﻊ از ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي اوﻟﻴﻪ/ ﺑﺎ ﻋﺒﻮر ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﮔﺎز
the Primary separation section, the :ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي زﻳﺮ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
following parameters should be identified:
• The diameter of the inlet nozzle is a function • ﻗﻄﺮ ﻧﺎزل ورودي ﺗﺎﺑﻌﻲ از ﻣﻴﺰان ﺟﺮﻳﺎن و ﻓﺸﺎر ﺟﺮﻳﺎن
of the feed flow rate and pressure. .ﺧﻮراك ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
• Information on the nature of the feed ،• اﻃﻼﻋﺎت در ﻣﻮرد ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺖ ﺧﻮراك )ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻒ ﻛﺮدن
(foaming tendency, feeds with solids, wax or ﻣﻮم ﻳﺎ ﻛُﻚ ﺷﺪن،ﺧﻮراك ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ
cocking tendency) are given in Clauses B.1
and B.2 in Appendix B. در ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )ب( داده ﺷﺪه2- و ب1-دارﻧﺪ( در ﺑﻨﺪ ب
.اﺳﺖ
• The criterion for the nozzle sizing is that the • ﻣﻌﻴﺎر ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه ﻧﺎزل آن اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ اﻧﺪازه ﺣﺮﻛﺖ
momentum of the feed shall not exceed ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ اﻧﺪازه.ﺧﻮراك ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ از ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻘﺮر اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ
prescribed levels. The maximum allowable
inlet momentum can be increased by applying ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻣﺠﺎز ورودي ﺑﺎ ﺑﻜﺎر ﺑﺮدن ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ورودي
inlet devices. .ﻣﻴﺘﻮاﻧﺪ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ
• The momentum criteria are given in • ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎي اﻧﺪازه ﺣﺮﻛﺖ در ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )ج( داده ﺷﺪه
Appendix C. .اﺳﺖ
• The function of the inlet device is to initiate the ﻣﺎﻳﻊ و ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ/ ﺷﺮوع ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﮔﺎز،• وﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ورودي
gas/liquid separation and to distribute the gas .ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮓ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﮔﺎز در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮔﺎزي ﻇﺮف ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
flow evenly in the gas compartment of the vessel.
• Commonly used inlet devices are the half- ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺑﺎز و،• ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ورودي ﻣﺘﺪاول ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده
open pipe and their specific proprietory inlet ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ورودي ﺧﺎص ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ورود ﻣﺨﻠﻮط
devices designed for introducing gas/liquid
mixtures into a vessel or column. .ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻇﺮف ﻳﺎ ﺑﺮج ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ/ﮔﺎز
14
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
In all other types of gas/liquid separators, ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد اﺟﺰاء،ﻣﺎﻳﻊ/در ﺳﺎﻳﺮ اﻧﻮاع ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز
internals should be considered. For selection ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﭘﺮهاي )ﻫﻢ، ﺗﻮري ﺳﻴﻤﻲ.داﺧﻠﻲ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
the required duty, wire mesh, vane-pack (
either horizontal or vertical flow ) , ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻪ ي ﻣﺤﻮري،(ﺟﺮﻳﺎن اﻓﻘﻲ و ﻫﻢ ﻋﻤﻮدي
multicyclones axial or reversed flow, filter ﺷﻤﻊ ﻫﺎي ﺻﺎﻓﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮه ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﺑﺮاي،ﻳﺎ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺑﺮﻋﻜﺲ
candles, etc. should be studied
.اﻧﺘﺨﺎب وﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
d. Gas and liquid outlets section د( ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻫﺎي ﮔﺎز و ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
A vortex breaker may be located over the ﻳﻚ ﮔﺮداب ﺷﻜﻦ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ در ﻧﺎزل)ﻫﺎي( ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
liquid outlet nozzle(s) to prevent gas or oil ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺖ از ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺮي ﮔﺎز ﻳﺎ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ در ﻛﻒ ﻇﺮف
entrainment with the bottom liquid. The mist
اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ذرات ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﻨﻌﻘﺪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه.ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮد
extractor of the coalescing section can be one of
ﻻﻳﻪ،ﻣﻴﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﻳﻜﻲ از اﻧﻮاع ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ )ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪاي از ﭘﺮهﻫﺎ
several designs ( a series of vanes, woven wire
mesh pad or a centrifugal device). The mist .ﺗﻮري ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه ﻳﺎ ﻳﻚ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﮔﺮﻳﺰ از ﻣﺮﻛﺰ( ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
extractor removes from the gas stream the small ﻗﻄﺮات ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ )ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮل،اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ذرات
droplets (normally down to 10 micron diameter) ﻗﺒﻞ از ﺗﺮك ﻇﺮف، ﻣﻴﻜﺮون( را از ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﮔﺎز10 ﺗﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ
of liquid before the gas leaves the vessel. Liquid 14 ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺮي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از.ﺣﺬف ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ
carryover is normally less than 14 liter per
ﮔﺎﻟﻦ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﻓﻮت0/1) ﻟﻴﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻜﻌﺐ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل
MMNCM (0.1 gallon per MMSCF).
.ﻣﻜﻌﺐ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد( ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ
After completion of the gas/liquid separation دوﻓﺎز ﻇﺮف را،ﻣﺎﻳﻊ/ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﮔﺎز
process the two phases will leave the vessel via ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎي.ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ از ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﮔﺎز و ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺗﺮك ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻨﺪ
the gas and liquid outlet respectively. The
nozzle sizing criteria are given in Appendix C .ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه ﻧﺎزل در ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )ج( داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ
15
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
- Max. capacity (gas load factor); ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ )ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺑﺎر ﮔﺎز(؛-
- Overall; ﻛﻠﻲ؛-
- With respect to the possible flooding above ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻐﻴﺎن ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻞ در ﺑﺎﻻي ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺑﺎر-
the maximal load factor (which will affect the )ﻛﻪ ﺗﻨﺪي ﺷﻴﺐ اﻓﺖ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺑﺎﻻي ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ را
sharpness of the efficiency decline above the
maximum capacity). .(ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻗﺮار ﻣﻴﺪﻫﺪ
- Droplets. . ﻗﻄﺮات-
16
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
- Sand; ﺷﻦ؛-
First define the mandatory requirements which اﺑﺘﺪا اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت اﺟﺒﺎري را ﻛﻪ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮآورده ﻛﻨﺪ
the separator shall satisfy. With the aid of از ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ1- ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺟﺪول اﻟﻒ.ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﮔﺮدد
Table A.1 in Appendix A, a number of
separators can then be ruled out. Check, using ﺑﺎ. ﺗﻌﺪادي از ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ ﻣﻴﺘﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺣﺬف ﺷﻮﻧﺪ،()اﻟﻒ
the Clause a.2), whether there are limitations ( ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ آﻳﺎ ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺘﻬﺎﻳﻲ2-اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺑﻨﺪ اﻟﻒ
which will rule out horizontal or vertical
.ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻇﺮوف اﻓﻘﻲ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻤﻮدي را ﺣﺬف ﻛﻨﻨﺪ
vessels.
Characteristics: :ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت
- Liquid removal efficiency typically 80-90% درﺻﺪ اﺳﺖ )از ﺑﺎر90 ﺗﺎ80 ً راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎ-
(ranging from low to high liquid load). ﻛﻢ ﺗﺎ زﻳﺎد ﻣﺎﻳﻊ(؛
Warning: Liquid removal efficiency for mist is راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﺑﺮاي ذرات رﻳﺰ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﻛﻢ:ﻫﺸﺪار
very poor
اﺳﺖ
- Vessels where internals have to be kept to a ﻇﺮوﻓﻲ ﻛﻪ داراي ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ )ﻣﺜﻞ-
minimum (e.g., flare knock-out drums); ﻇﺮوف ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ(؛
- Fouling service e.g., wax, sand, asphaltenes; ﺷﻦ و آﺳﻔﺎﻟﺘﻴﻦ ﻫﺎ؛، ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي رﺳﻮب ﮔﺬار ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻮم-
• Where efficient demisting of gas is required. • ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺬف ﻣﺆﺛﺮ )ﺑﺎزدﻫﻲ ﻫﺎي ذﻛﺮ ﺷﺪه در ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎي
.ﺑﻌﺪي( ذرات رﻳﺰ ﮔﺎز ﻻزم اﺳﺖ
• Vent and flare stack knock-out drums; • ﻇﺮوف ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ دودﻛﺶ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻮا و ﻣﺸﻌﻞ؛
• Bulk separator (e.g., upstream of gas • ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺗﻮده اي )ﻣﺜﻞ ﺑﺎﻻدﺳﺖ ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي
coolers); ﮔﺎز(؛
Characteristics: :ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت
• Can handle large liquid fractions; ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﻳﻲ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﻧﺴﺒﺘﻬﺎي زﻳﺎد ﺟﺰء ﻣﺎﻳﻊ؛
• Very high slug handling capacity; ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر زﻳﺎد ؛
• Liquid removal efficiency typically 80-90% درﺻﺪ )از ﺑﺎر90 ﺗﺎ80 ًراﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎ
(ranging from low to high liquid load). .(ﻛﻢ ﺗﺎ زﻳﺎد ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
Warning: Liquid removal efficiency for mist راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮاي ذرات رﻳﺰ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر:ﻫﺸﺪار
is very poor ﻛﻢ اﺳﺖ
• Insensitive to fouling; ﻏﻴﺮ ﺣﺴﺎس در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ رﺳﻮب ﮔﺬاري؛
• Vessels where internals have to be kept to a ﻇﺮوﻓﻲ ﻛﻪ اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻪ
minimum and where there are height limitations; ﺷﻮﻧﺪ و ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖ ارﺗﻔﺎع وﺟﻮد دارد؛
18
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
• Fouling service, e.g., wax, sand, asphaltenes; ﺷﻦ و آﺳﻔﺎﻟﺘﻴﻦ ﻫﺎ؛،ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎي رﺳﻮب ﮔﺬار ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻮم
• For foaming or very viscous liquids. ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﻛﻒزا ﻳﺎ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﮔﺮاﻧﺮو؛
• Where efficient demisting of gas is required. ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺬف ﻣﺆﺛﺮ )ﺑﺎزدﻫﻲ ﻫﺎي ذﻛﺮ ﺷﺪه در
.ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎي ﺑﻌﺪي( ذرات رﻳﺰ ﮔﺎز ﻻزم اﺳﺖ
• Vent and flare stack knock-out drums; ﻇﺮوف ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ دودﻛﺶ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ و ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ؛
c) Vertical wire mesh demister ج( ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﺗﻮري ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﻋﻤﻮدي
Application: :ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد
Characteristics: :ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت
• Liquid removal efficiency > 98%; درﺻﺪ؛98 راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ از
• For demisting service with a moderate liquid ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺣﺬف ﻗﻄﺮات ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎر ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ؛
load;
• Where slug handling capacity may be ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
required. .ﻻزم ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
• Fouling service (wax, asphaltenes, sand, ﻫﻴﺪراتﻫﺎ(؛، ﺷﻦ، آﺳﻔﺎﻟﺖ،• ﻛﺎرﺑﺮيﻫﺎي رﺳﻮب ده )ﻣﻮم
hydrates);
• For viscous liquids where degassing • ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﮔﺮاﻧﺮو ﻛﻪ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﺣﺬف ﮔﺎز ﻗﻄﺮ ﻇﺮف را
requirement determines vessel diameter; ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ؛
19
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
• For compressor suction scrubbers unless ﻣﮕﺮ اﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ،• ﺑﺮاي ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺶ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر
precautions are taken to prevent the possibility اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت اﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي از اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ورود
of loose wire cuttings entering the compressor
or plugging of the demister mat increasing ﺳﻴﻢﻫﺎي ﻟﻖ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر ﻳﺎ اﻧﺴﺪاد ﺣﺼﻴﺮ ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ
suction pressure drop. در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ،ﻛﻪ اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻣﻜﺶ را اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ
.ﺷﻮد
- Non-fouling; . ﻏﻴﺮرﺳﻮبده-
• Inlet/outlet scrubbers for glycol contactors; ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎي ﺗﻤﺎس/• ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ورودي
ﮔﻠﻴﻜﻮل؛
• Inlet scrubbers for gas export pipelines; • ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ورودي ﺑﺮاي ﺧﻄﻮط ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺻﺎدرات ﮔﺎز؛
• For small diameter and/or low pressure ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ،ﻳﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻛﻢ/• ﺑﺮاي ﻇﺮوف ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ و
vessels, where extra costs of vane of screen ( ﻗﺎﺑﻞSMS) ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ اﺿـﺎﻓﻲ ﭘــﺮه اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﺗﻮري اﻟﻚ
mesh sizes (SMS) internals cannot be justified.
.ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ
d) Horizontal wire mesh demister د( ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﺗﻮري ﺳﻴﻤﻲ اﻓﻘﻲ
Application: :ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد
• Demisting of gas where a high liquid • ﺣﺬف ﻗﻄﺮات از ﮔﺎز ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش زﻳﺎد ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
handling capacity is required. .ﻻزم اﺳﺖ
Characteristics: :ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت
• Very high slug handling capacity; ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر زﻳﺎد؛
• Liquid removal efficiency > 98%; درﺻﺪ؛98 راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ از
• Typically for demisting service with a high • ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺣﺬف ﻗﻄﺮات ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎر ﻣﺎﻳﻊ زﻳﺎد و
liquid load and low GOR; ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﮔﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ؛
• Where slug handling capacity may be • ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﻻزم ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛
required;
• For viscous liquids where liquid degassing • ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﮔﺮاﻧﺮو ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﮔﺎززداﻳﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻗﻄﺮ
requirement determines vessel diameter; ﻇﺮف را ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ؛
20
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
• In situations where head room is restricted; در ﺷﺮاﻳﻄﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻀﺎي ﻋﻤﻮدي ﻣﺤﺪود ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛
Application: :ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد
Characteristics: :ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت
• Liquid removal efficiency > 96%; درﺻﺪ؛96 • راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ از
• Suitable for slightly fouling service (if • ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎ رﺳﻮبده )اﮔﺮ ﺑﺪون ﭘﺮه ﺷﻴﺎر ﺑﺎﺷﺪ(؛
without double-pocket vanes);
• Sensitive to liquid slugs (in-line separator • ﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻪ ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ )ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه در ﺧﻂ ﻧﻤﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ
cannot handle slugs). .(ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ را ﺣﺬف ﻛﻨﻨﺪ
• Typically for demisting service; • ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺪاول اﺳﺖ؛
• In-line separator to be used only with • ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه در ﺧﻂ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎ ﻛﻢ
relatively low flow parameter ( feed < 0.01); (؛ < ﺧﻮراك0.01 ) .اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻴﺸﻮد
• Attractive for slightly fouling service (if • ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻛﻢ رﺳﻮب ﮔﺬار )اﮔﺮ ﺑﺪون
without double-pocket vanes); ﭘـﺮهﻫﺎي دو ﺷﻴﺎري ﺑﺎﺷﺪ(؛
• May be used where demister mats may • ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ اﻣﻜﺎن اﻧﺴﺪاد ﺣﺼﻴﺮ ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ وﺟﻮد دارد
become plugged, i.e., waxy crudes. . ﻣﺜﻞ ﻧﻔﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﻣﻲ.ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد
• Heavy fouling service (heavy wax, ، ﺷﻦ، آﺳﻔﺎﻟﺘﻴﻦ،• ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي رﺳﻮبده زﻳﺎد )ﻣﻮم ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ
asphaltenes, sand, hydrates); ﻫﻴﺪراﺗﻬﺎ(؛
• For viscous liquids where degassing • ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﮔﺮاﻧﺮو ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﮔﺎززداﻳﻲ ﻗﻄﺮ
requirement determines vessel diameter; ﻇﺮف را ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ؛
• The in-line vertical flow vane pack separator • ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه در ﺧﻂ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﭘﺮهاي ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻋﻤﻮدي ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ
shall not be used where liquid slugging may ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﺷﺪن ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ اﺗﻔﺎق ﺑﻴﺎﻓﺘﺪ
occur or where feed 0.01;
؛0/01 ≤ ﺧﻮراك اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد ﻳﺎ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ
• If pressure exceeds 100 bar (abs), due to the ﻣﻨﺘﺞ ﺑﻪ اﻓﺖ، ﺑﺎر )ﻣﻄﻠﻖ( ﺷﻮد100 • اﮔﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از
consequent sharp decline in liquid removal
21
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
• Compressor suction scrubbers, where vane ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛـﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﭘﺮهﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ،• ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺶ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر
packs are preferred to demister mats since their ﺣﺼﻴﺮ ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺢ داده ﻣﻴﺸﻮد زﻳﺮا ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر آﻧﻬﺎ
construction is more robust;
ﻣﺴﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺗﺮ اﺳﺖ؛
• Demisting vessels with slightly fouling .• ﻇﺮوف ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ در ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎ ﻛﻢ رﺳﻮب ده
service.
Application: :ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد
• Demisting of gas where a high liquid • ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮي از ﮔﺎز ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ زﻳﺎد ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
handling capacity is required. .ﻻزم اﺳﺖ
Characteristics: :ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت
• Liquid removal efficiency > 96%; درﺻﺪ؛96 راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ از
• Suitable for slightly fouling service (if ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻛﻢ رﺳﻮبده ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ اﺳﺖ؛)اﮔﺮ
without double-pocket vanes); (ﺑﺪون ﭘﺮه دو ﺷﻴﺎري
• Heavy fouling service (heavy wax, ، ﺷﻦ، آﺳﻔﺎﻟﺘﻴﻦ،• ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺑﺎ رﺳﻮبدﻫﻲ ﺑﺎﻻ )ﻣﻮم ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ
asphaltenes, sand, hydrates); ﻫﻴﺪراﺗﻬﺎ(؛
• If pressure exceeds 100 bar (abs). . ﺑﺎر )ﻣﻄﻠﻖ( ﺗﺠﺎوز ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ100 • اﮔﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر از
• Production separator where GOR is low and • ﻣﺨﺎزن ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﮔﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻛﻢ
the service is slightly fouling. .و ﺳﻴﺎل ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً رﺳﻮبده اﺳﺖ
g) Cyclone ز( ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮن
Application: :ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد
• Demisting of gas in fouling service. ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮي از ﮔﺎز در ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي رﺳﻮب ده؛
Characteristics: :ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت
• Liquid removal efficiency > 96%; درﺻﺪ؛96 < راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
• Limited turndown ratio; ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﻣﺤﺪود؛
• Insensitive to fouling; ﻏﻴﺮﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻪ رﺳﻮب؛
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
• Typically for use in a fouling (e.g., coke- • ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﻛﺎرﺑﺮيﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﻴﻂﻫﺎي رﺳﻮبده
formation) environment and where a high )ﻣﺜﻞ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛُﻚ( و ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛـﻪ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺑﺎﻻي ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮي
demisting efficiency is still required.
.ﻫﻨﻮز ﻻزم ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
• If high pressure drop can not be tolerated. .اﮔﺮ اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺎﻻ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ
Application: :ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد
• Demisting and dedusting of gas in slightly ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮي و ﻏﺒﺎرﮔﻴﺮي از ﮔﺎز در ﻛﺎرﺑﺮيﻫﺎي
fouling service and high pressure. .ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﻛﻢ رﺳﻮبده و ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺎﻻ
Characteristics: :ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت
• Liquid removal efficiency > 93%; ؛%93 < • راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
• Suitable for slightly fouling service (e.g., low • ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً رﺳﻮبده )ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي ﻛﻢ
sand loading); ﺷﻦ(؛
• Sensitive to high liquid loading or slugs. .• ﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎر زﻳﺎد ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻳﺎ ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
23
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
• Heavy fouling service (high sand loading • ﻛﺎرﺑﺮيﻫﺎي رﺳﻮبده زﻳﺎد )ﻣﺤﺘﻮاي زﻳﺎد ﺷﻦ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ
will cause erosion); ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻳﺶ ﺷﻮد(؛
• When high liquid removal efficiency is .• زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺑﺎﻻي ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻻزم ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
required.
• Primary scrubbers under slightly fouling • ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎزﻫـﺎي اوﻟﻴﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً رﺳﻮبده
service and when the liquid loading is low; وزﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎر ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻢ اﺳﺖ؛
• Compressor suction scrubbers if sand is • ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎز ﻣﻜﺶ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر اﮔﺮ در ﺧﻮراك ﺷﻦ وﺟﻮد
present in the feed. .داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
Application: :ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد
• After-cleaning (liquid and solids) of already • ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﻛﺮدن ﺑﻌﺪي )ﻣﺎﻳﻊ و ﺟﺎﻣﺪات( ﮔﺎز ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮي
demisted gas when a very high liquid removal .ﺷﺪه زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺑﺎﻻي ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻻزم ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
efficiency is required.
Characteristics: :ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت
• Liquid removal efficiency > 99%; ؛%99 < راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
• Sensitive to high liquid loading or slugs; ﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎر زﻳﺎد ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻳﺎ ﻟﺨﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ؛
• Sensitive to fouling by sticky material. .ﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻪ رﺳﻮب ﮔﺬاري ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻮاد ﭼﺴﺒﻨﺪه
• Typically as a second-line gas/liquid ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮاي/• ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ ﮔﺎز
separator to after-clean the gas stream exiting .ﻣﺎﻳﻊ/ﺗﻤﻴﺰﻛﺮدن ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﮔﺎز ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ از ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه اوﻟﻴﻪ ﮔﺎز
from the first-line gas/liquid separator.
• Use filter candles with the flow from OUT to • در ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﺪات وﺟﻮد دارﻧﺪ از ﺷﻤﻊﻫﺎي ﺻﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ
IN where solids are present. ﺟﺮﻳﺎن از ﺑﻴﺮون ﺑﻪ داﺧﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻛﻨﻴﺪ؛
• Use filter candles with the flow from IN to • ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻻزم ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﺟﺎﻣﺪات وﺟﻮد
OUT where ultimate efficiency is required and ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ از ﺷﻤﻌﻚﻫﺎي ﺻﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن از داﺧﻞ ﺑﻪ
NO solids are present.
.ﺑﻴﺮون اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
• Heavy fouling (sticky material) service; ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي رﺳﻮب دﻫﻲ زﻳﺎد )ﻣﻮاد ﭼﺴﺒﻨﺪه(؛
• Last demisting stage of natural gas prior to .• ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮي ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﮔﺎز ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻗﺒﻞ از ارﺳﺎل ﺑﺮاي ﻓﺮوش
dispatch for sale.
- On high pressure applications, the reduced ﻗﻄﺮ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﭼﻨﺪ،در ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدﻫﺎي ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺎﻻ -
diameter of the multicyclone is smaller than ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از ﻧﻮع ﭘﺮهاي و ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎً ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮ از
the vane type and markedly smaller than the
demister type. This means thinner walls, ، اﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ دﻳﻮارهﻫﺎي ﻧﺎزﻛﺘﺮ.ﻧﻮع ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ اﺳﺖ
reduced space, and most importantly reduced ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ،ﻓﻀﺎي ﻛﻤﺘﺮ و ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮ از ﻫﻤﻪ
costs (especially on larger flow rates).
.)ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺻﺎً در ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻻي ﺟﺮﻳﺎن( ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
- The multicyclone is able to handle and ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش و ﺣﺬف ذرات ﺟﺎﻣﺪ -
remove solid particles whereas the vane and .اﺳﺖ اﻣﺎ ﻧﻮع ﭘﺮهاي و ﻧﻮع ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ اﺳﺎﺳﺎً ﻧﻤﻴﺘﻮاﻧﻨﺪ
demister type principally do not.
Note: :ﻳﺎدآوري
The vane and demister type separators will ﺟﺎﻣﺪات ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻣﻌﻠﻖ در،ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﭘﺮهاي و ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ
remove small solids suspended in liquid.
.ﻣﺎﻳﻊ را ﺣﺬف ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻨﺪ
- Like the wire mesh demister and vane type ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه،ﻣﺜﻞ ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﺗﻮري ﺳﻴﻤﻲ و ﻧﻮع ﭘﺮهاي -
the multicyclone separator is a high
25
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
capacity separator designed to operate ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه اي ﺑﺎ ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ،ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻪ
with a low pressure drop.
.ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎر ﺑﺎ اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻛﻢ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ
* Table E.1 also represents a separator type راﻫﻨﻤﺎي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻧﻮع ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺮاي1-* ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺟﺪول ﻫـ
selection guide for other types of separators for .ﺳﺎﻳﺮ اﻧﻮاع ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ را ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺑﻴﺎن ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ
any reference.
- The multicyclone is self cleaning and needs ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺧﻮد ﺗﻤﻴﺰﻛﻦ اﺳﺖ و ﻓﻘﻂ -
only a periodic blowdown for removal of ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ دورهاي ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺬف ﻣﻮاد ﺟﻤﻊ ﺷﺪه ﻧﻴﺎز
collected material.
.دارد
- It is high efficient over a wide range of در ﻣﺤﺪوده وﺳﻴﻌﻲ از ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ داراي -
operating conditions. .راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻲ اﺳﺖ
26
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
a) The vessels should be sized in such a way اﻟﻒ( ﻇﺮوف ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ زﻣﺎن ﺗﻪ
that the settling time for each liquid phase ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﻓﺎز ﻣﺎﻳﻊ از دﻳﮕﺮي ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از زﻣﺎن
from the other is less than it’s residence
time in the vessel itself. .اﻗﺎﻣﺖ آن در ﻇﺮف ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
b) Settling velocity for the dispersed droplets is ب( ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻗﻄﺮات ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺪه ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از
calculated using Stocke’s, Newton’s or an ﻧﻴﻮﺗﻦ ﻳﺎ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ،ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﺳﺘﻮك
intermediate law, according to the field of
application. .زﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد
c) A maximum settling value of 250 mm/min 250 ج( ﺑﺮاي ﻫﻴﺪروﻛﺮﺑﻦﻫﺎي ﺳﺒﻚ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻲ
shall be considered for light hydrocarbons. ﺑﻬﺘﺮ اﺳﺖ.ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ در دﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد
It should be verified that the hold-up time
necessary for any phase for settling satisfies ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ زﻣﺎن اﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﻻزم ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﻓﺎز ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻪ
process hold-up requirements. . اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت زﻣﺎن اﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي را ﺑﺮآورد ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ،ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻲ
6.3.1.1 For normal liquid droplet separation, ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﻋﺎدي ﻗﻄﺮات ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان1-1-3-6
droplet diameters ranging from 500 to 1000
microns (µm) are assumed as a guide for the ﻗﻄﺮ ﻗﻄﺮه در ﺣﺪود،راﻫﻨﻤﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻮدي
design for vertical separators, and droplet diameter
of about 100 microns are assumed as a guide for ﻗﻄﺮ، ﻣﻴﻜﺮون و ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزﻫﺎي اﻓﻘﻲ1000 ﺗﺎ500
the design of horizontal separators. Terminal ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ. ﻣﻴﻜﺮون ﻓﺮض ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ100 ﻗﻄﺮه
velocity, design calculation is given in Appendix
F of this Standard Specification. در ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )و( در اﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت داده ﺷﺪه،ﺣﺪ
.اﺳﺖ
6.3.1.2 Vertical separator ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻋﻤﻮدي2-1-3-6
b) Construction ب ( ﺳﺎﺧﺖ
Typical construction of vertical liquid-liquid (ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻋﻤﻮدي در ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )و
separators are shown in Appendix F, Fig. F.1. ﻧﺎزﻟﻬﺎي ﺧﻮراك ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻃﻮري. ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ1-ﺷﻜﻞ و
Feed nozzles shall be so arranged that the
.آراﻳﺶ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺼﻞ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك ﻣﺎﻳﻊ – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﺘﻼﻃﻢ ﻧﺸﻮد
liquid-liquid interface may not be disturbed.
27
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
L HI
(Eq. 3) (3 )ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ
Vh U t
b) Construction ب ( ﺳﺎﺧﺖ
Typical construction of horizontal liquid-liquid (ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﺎﻳﻊ – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ اﻓﻘﻲ در ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )و
separator, are shown in Appendix F, Figs. F.2
and F.3.
. ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ3- و و2-ﺷﻜﻞ و
i) Provision of enough residence time ( ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ زﻣﺎن اﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻪi
for the liquid so that degassing can .ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﮔﺎززداﻳﻲ اﺗﻔﺎق ﺑﻴﺎﻓﺘﺪ
occur.
ii) Provision of enough free cross ( ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻋﺒﻮري آزاد ﻛﺎﻓﻲii
sectional area above the liquid so that ﺑﺎﻻي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﮔﺎز آﻧﻘﺪر ﻛﻢ ﺷﻮد ﺗﺎ
the gas velocity is low enough to
allow liquid particles to be separated. .اﺟﺎزه ﺟﺪاﻳﺶ ذرات ﻣﺎﻳﻊ را ﺑﺪﻫﺪ
iii) Provision of enough residence time ( ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ زﻣﺎن اﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺠﺎمiii
for the liquid/liquid separation to .ﻣﺎﻳﻊ/ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
occur.
a.2) A separator should be either liquid or ( ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻳﻜﻲ از دو ﻛﻨﺘﺮل2-اﻟﻒ
gas controlling, the gas/oil ratio will ﻧﻔﺖ آن را/ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻳﺎ ﮔﺎز را داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﮔﺎز
determine which. Liquid residence time for
a two-phase separator will depend on the زﻣﺎن اﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه دوﻓﺎزي.ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ
rate of vapor break out from the liquid. .ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان ﺧﺮوج ﺑﺨﺎر از ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ دارد
In this regard the following is :در اﻳﻦ زﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﻮارد زﻳﺮ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد
recommended:
Minimum for light gravity crudes 1 mins. دﻗﻴﻘﻪ1 ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﻔﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎم ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﺳﺒﻚ
a.3) When degassing water a residence time ( ﻫﻨﮕﺎم ﮔﺎززداﻳﻲ از آب ﻓﻘﻂ زﻣﺎن ﻣﺎﻧﺪ ﻳﻚ3-اﻟﻒ
of only 1 minute is required. Residence time زﻣﺎن اﻗﺎﻣﺖ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﺳﻪ.دﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﻻزم اﺳﺖ
for a three phase separators are generally as
follows: :ﻓﺎزي ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ زﻳﺮ اﺳﺖ
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
This can be more depending on inlet ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ،API درﺟﻪ،اﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ دﻣﺎي ورودي
temperature, API gravity, inlet oil quality, .ورودي و ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻻزم ﻧﻔﺖ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ دارد
and final oil quality required.
- Degassing of very light > 40 API dry .40 API < ﮔﺎززداﻳﻲ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺑﻲ آب ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﺳﺒﻚ-
oil.
- Free water knock outs are usually ﻇﺮوف ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ آب آزاد ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ در ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ دﺳﺖ-
specified downstream of the degassing or ﺑﺨﺶ ﮔﺎززداﻳﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اول ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ
first stage separator. They are normally
employed to remove large amounts of آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺬف ﻣﻘﺪار زﻳﺎد.ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ
water from oil streams i.e., 70% to 90% درﺻﺪ آب ﺑﻜﺎر90 ﺗﺎ70 آب از ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻧﻬﺎي ﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﻣﺜﻞ
water.
.ﻣﻴﺮوﻧﺪ
The free water knock out is essentially a ﻇﺮوف ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ آب آزاد در اﺻﻞ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه اﺳﺖ
separator for which the sizing is ﻛﻪ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه آن ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻛﺎﻣﻞ در ﻛﻨﺘﺮل
completely controlled by liquid/liquid
separation rather than gas. .ﻣﺎﻳﻊ اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﮔﺎز/ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
The inlet fluid enters and impinges on an ﺳﻴﺎل ﭘﺲ از ورود ﺑﻪ،در ﻳﻚ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد
inlet diverter as with a standard separator. .ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﺤﺮف ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺮﺧﻮرد ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ
- The free water knock-out, as its name ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ آب آزاد ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮري ﻛﻪ از اﺳﻤﺶ-
implies, is designed to remove free water, ﭘﻴﺪاﺳﺖ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺬف آب آزاد و ﻧﻪ اﻣﻮﻟﺴﻴﻮن از
not emulsions from oil.
.ﻧﻔﺖ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ
The use of demulsifying chemicals is اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻮاد ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻖ ﺷﻜﻦ اﻏﻠﺐ ﻳﻚ
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
usually a must to aid with separation, and اﻟﺰام ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي اﺳﺖ و ﺣﺘﻲ
even then outlet quality depends on the ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺪاري و ﮔﺴﺘﺮه اﻣﻮﻟﺴﻴﻮن
extent and tightness of the emulsion.
.ﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ دارد
- As a guide, the following typical outlet ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖﻫﺎي ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ زﻳﺮ، ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان راﻫﻨﻤﺎ-
ppm qualities of oil in water and water in ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪاي،از اﻣﻮﻟﺴﻴﻮن ﻧﻔﺖ در آب و آب در ﻧﻔﺖ
oil emulsions will give an indication of
achievable separation (see IPS-E-PR-700, از ﺟﺪاﺳـﺎزي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ دﺳﺘﺮس را ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ داد
"Process Design of Crude Oil " ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﻧﻤﻚIPS-E-PR-700)
Electrostatic Desalters"):
:(زداﻫﺎي اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﺴﻴﺘﻪ ﺳﺎﻛﻦ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺧﺎم" را ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﺪ
Heavy crude , < 30 API -150 ppm ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از- 30API > ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ
outlet ppm150
Medium crude, 30 API to 45 API -100 ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ- 40API ﺗﺎ30API ﻧﻔﺖ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ
ppm outlet . ppm100 از
Light crude, > 45 API - 50 ppm outlet ppm 50 ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از- 40API < ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳﺒﻚ
Heavy crude, < 30 API -5.6% %5/6 ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از- 30API <ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ
Medium crude, 30 API to 45 API -3.5% %3/5 ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از- 45API ﺗﺎ30API ﻧﻔﺖ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ
Light crude, > 45 API -2.3% %2/3 ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از- 45 < ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳﺒﻚ
- The FWKO is usually sized on a residence 30 ﺗﺎ15 ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ آب آزاد اﻏﻠﺐ ﺑﺎ زﻣﺎن ﻣﺎﻧﺪ ﺑﻴﻦ-
time between 15 and 30 minutes. .دﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد
7.1.2 For mechanical design of towers, reactors, ﻇﺮوف ﺗﺤﺖ، رآﻛﺘﻮرﻫﺎ، ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎ2-1-7
pressure vessels and internals reference is made to IPS-G- ﻓﺸﺎر و اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ وﻣﻮاد
Engineering and Material Standard IPS-G-ME-
150, "Towers, Reactors, Pressure Vessels &
ﻇﺮوف ﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر و اﺟﺰاء، رآﻛﺘﻮرﻫﺎ، "ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎME-150
Internals". .داﺧﻠﻲ" ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
7.2.2 Those pressure vessels as required by the ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ، ﻇﺮوف ﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎري ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﺧﺮﻳﺪار2-2-7
Purchaser shall be inspected and "U" stamped in و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ آﺋﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﻗﺎﺑﻞASME آﻳﻴﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ
accordance with ASME Code and also in
accordance with other applicable Codes subject to ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ." زده ﺷﻮدU" اﻋﻤﺎل ﻣﻨﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﺎزرﺳﻲ و ﻣﻬﺮ
Company’s approval. Applicable Registry .ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﻇﺮف ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﻮد
Certificates shall be provided for each vessel.
7.2.3 Where applicable, the requirement, criteria ، ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت، در ﺻﻮرت ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ اﺟﺮا3-2-7
and design specification of Engineering Standard, ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎ و ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ
IPS-E-PR-360, "Process Design of Liquid and Gas
Transfer and Storage" should be considered. " ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي اﻧﺘﻘﺎل و ذﺧﻴﺮه ﺳﺎزيIPS-E-PR-360
.و ﻣﺎﻳﻊ و ﮔﺎز" در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
7.2.4 In all cases where more than one code or در ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﻮاردي ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺶ از ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد4-2-7
standard applies to the same conditions, the most ﺳﺨﺖﮔﻴﺮاﻧﻪ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ،ﺑﺮاي ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻳﻜﺴﺎن ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﻋﻤﺎل اﺳﺖ
stringent shall be followed.
.دﻧﺒﺎل ﺷﻮد
- Flare design pressure if the vessel is اﮔﺮ ﻇﺮف ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ وﺻﻞ،ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﺸﻌﻞ -
connected to flare.
.ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
B) For maximum normal operating pressures ﺑﺎر20 ﺗﺎ1/5 ب ( ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻋﺎدي ﺑﻴﻦ
between 1.5 and 20 barg , use the maximum
normal operating gage pressure +2 bar . از ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻋﺎدي ﺑﻪ،ﻧﺴﺒﻲ
. ﺑﺎر اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد2 اﺿﺎﻓﻪ
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
C) For maximum normal operating pressures ﺑﺎر80 ﺗﺎ20 ج ( ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻋﺎدي ﺑﻴﻦ
between 20 and 80 barg , use 110% of the درﺻﺪ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻋﺎدي110 از،ﻧﺴﺒﻲ
maximum normal operating gage pressure . .اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد
D) For maximum normal operating pressures ﺑﺎر140 ﺗﺎ80 د( ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻋﺎدي ﺑﻴﻦ
between 80 and 140 barg , use the
maximum normal operating gage pressure ﻧﺴﺒﻲ از ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻋﺎدي ﺑﻪ
+8 bar (see Note 2). .( را ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﺪ2 ﺑﺎر اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد )ﻳﺎدآوري8 اﺿﺎﻓﻪ
E) For maximum normal operating pressures ﺑﺎر140 ﻫ( ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻋﺎدي ﺑﺎﻻي
above 140 barg , use the maximum normal از ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻋﺎدي ﺑﻪ،ﻧﺴﺒﻲ
operating gage pressure + 5% (see Note 2 ).
.( را ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﺪ2 درﺻﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد)ﻳﺎدآوري5 اﺿﺎﻓﻪ
F) Equipment normally operated under vacuum و( ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰاﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﺗﺤﺖ ﺧﻼء ﻛﺎر ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي
shall be designed for full vacuum and for ﺧﻼء ﻛﺎﻣﻞ و ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎري ﻛﻪ در ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ در
the highest pressure which the equipment
can experience in case of vacuum system ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﺮاﺑﻲ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺧﻼء اﻳﺠﺎد ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ
failure, (see Note 3). .( را ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﺪ3 ﺷﻮﻧﺪ )ﻳﺎدآوري
Full vacuum shall be specified for isolable ﺧﻼء ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻛﻪ
equipment containing fluid having a vapor
pressure lower than atmospheric pressure at
ﺣﺎوي ﺳﻴﺎل ﺑﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺨﺎر ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از ﻓﺸﺎر آﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ در
ambient temperature. . در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد،دﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ
For equipment operated under vacuum, ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰاﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﺧﻼء ﻛﺎر ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻨﺪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻓﺸﺎر
minimum internal pressure shall be 3.5 barg.
. ﺑﺎر ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ3/5 داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ
For vacuum rating designation, pressure ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻓﺸﺎر،ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه ﺧﻼء
shall be noted as external.
.ﺑﻴﺮوﻧﻲ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ ﺷﻮد
G) For vessels operating under atmospheric ز ( ﺑﺮاي ﻇﺮوﻓﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺟﻮ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻨﺪ از ﻓﺸﺎر
pressure, use hydrostatic (water) pressure +
50 mm Water column (see Note 4) . ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ارﺗﻔﺎع آب50 اﻳﺴﺘﺎي آب ﺑﻪ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ
.( را ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﺪ4 اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد )ﻳﺎدآوري
H) For atmospheric storage vessels/tanks ﻣﺨﺎزن ذﺧﻴﺮه اﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮﻳﻚ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ/ح( ﺑﺮاي ﻇﺮوف
operated under blanketed gas:
:ﮔﺎز ﭘﻮﺷﺸﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ
- For seal pressure lower than 100 mm of ﻓﺸﺎر، ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ آب100 ﺑﺮاي ﻓﺸﺎر آب ﺑﻨﺪي ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از -
H2O tank design pressure shall be
hydrostatic Pressure considering the
ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﺨﺰن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﺸﺎر اﻳﺴﺘﺎي آب ﺑﺎ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ
tank full of liquid plus 150 mm of H2O, ، ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ آب ﺑﺎﺷﺪ150 ﻣﺨﺰن ﭘﺮ از ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﻌﻼوه
- For seal pressure not higher than 400 ، ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ آب400 ﺑﺮاي ﻓﺸﺎر آب ﺑﻨﺪي ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از -
mm of H2O, tank design pressure shall
be according to API 620.
. ﺑﺎﺷﺪAPI 620 ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﺨﺰن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ
Notes: :ﻳﺎدآوريﻫﺎ
The following design notes shall be taken into ﻳﺎدآوريﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ زﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ در
consideration for establishing design pressure: .ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
1) In case of equipment connected in series, ﺑﺪون ﺷﻴﺮ اﻧﺴﺪاد،در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ اﺗﺼﺎل ﺳﺮي ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات (1
without block valves in between, the
design pressure for the upstream ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻻدﺳﺖ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ،در ﺑﻴﻦ آﻧﻬﺎ
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
equipment shall be the same as the design ﻣﺴﺎوي ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ دﺳﺖ )ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ
pressure for the downstream equipment
(equipped with safety valve) increased by
درﺻﺪ اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﭘﻴﺶ120 ﺷﻴﺮ اﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎن( ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼوه
120% of the pressure drop foreseen ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻴﻦ دوﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻴﺮ اﻳﻤﻨﻲ
between the two equipment, under safety .ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
valve discharge accordingly.
2) When design pressure lower than 110% درﺻﺪ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ110 ( زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از2
max. operating pressure is specified,
safety valves blow down shall be ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻴﺮ اﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ،ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﻮد
selected accordingly . .ﺑﺮ اﻳﻦ اﺳﺎس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﻮد
3) Design for vacuum : :( ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺧﻼ3
a) Steam drums shall be designed for اﻟﻒ( ﻇﺮوف ﺑﺨﺎر آب ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺧﻼء ﻛﺎﻣﻞ
full vacuum conditions.
.ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
b) Vacuum design conditions shall not be ب ( ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺧﻼء ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺪ اﻧﺴﺪاد
required as consequence of equipment
block-in after steam out operation. ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﭘﺲ از ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﺑﺨﺎر زﻧﻲ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز
However, vacuum conditions shall be ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺧﻼء ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در، ﺑﺎ اﻳﻦ وﺟﻮد.ﻧﻤﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ
studied during start-up, shut-down and ﺗﻮﻗﻒ و اﺣﻴﺎ ﻛﺮدن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ،ﻃﻮل راه اﻧﺪازي
regeneration and shall be considered
for equipment design where و ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ در،ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺪه
applicable. .ﺻﻮرت ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد
c) Due consideration shall be taken to ج( ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺗﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﻴﺮوﻧﻲ ﺑﺮاي
establish external design pressure
for vessels subject to internal ﻇﺮوﻓﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﻣﻌﺮض ﻓﺸﺎر دروﻧﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ و
pressure but connected to the ﺑﻪ ﻣﻜﺶ ﻛﻤﭙﺮﺳﻮر ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ
suction of compressor or other .وﺻﻞ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
evacuating equipment .
d) Exchangers operating under a ﺑﺎﻳﺪ،د( ﻣﺒﺪﻟﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺧﻼء ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ
vacuum shall be designed for full
vacuum. .ﺑﺮاي ﺧﻼء ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
e) Low pressure vessels that may be ﻫ( ﻇﺮوف ﻓﺸﺎر ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ
affected by decreasing in ambient دﻣﺎي ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻗﺮار ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي
temperature shall be designed for
ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان.ﭼﻨﺎن ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺧﻼء ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
such vacuum conditions. As an
example, main column overhead
ﻣﺜﺎل درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮي ﺑﺮج
receivers which are operating at low ﻛﻪ در ﻓﺸﺎر ﻛﻢ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ و ﺧﻮراك ﺧﻮد را
pressure and receive feed from air .از ﻣﺒﺪل ﻫﻮا ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﻦ درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ
cooled exchanger.
f) Vacuum design shall be specified و( ﺑﺮاي ﻇﺮوﻓﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻋﺎدي ﭘﺮ از ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﺎر
for vessels which normally operate
liquid full and can be blocked in and ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ و ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺴﺪود ﺷﺪه و ﺳﺮد
cooled down. . ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺧﻼء ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﻋﻤﺎل ﺷﻮد،ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
g) Vacuum design shall be specified ز( ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺧﻼء ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ و ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات
for fractionators and associated
equipment that can undergo a ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﻛﻪ در اﺛﺮ از دﺳﺖ دادن ﮔﺮﻣﺎي
vacuum condition through the loss ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﻋﻤﺎل،ورودي ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺧﻼء ﻣﻴﺮﺳﻨﺪ
of heat input.
.ﺷﻮد
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
4) Same criteria is applied for the design of ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎي ﻳﻜﺴﺎن ﺑﺮاي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﺨﺎزن ذﺧﻴﺮه ( 4
atmospheric storage tanks (without gas
blanketing). .آﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮﻳﻚ )ﺑﺪون ﮔﺎز ﭘﻮﺷﺸﻲ( اﻋﻤﺎل ﺷﻮد
5) The set pressure of the relief valve must ( ﻓﺸﺎر ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﻲ ﺷﻴﺮ اﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎن ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺴﺎوي ﺑﺎ5
be lower than or equal to the equipment
design pressure. .ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
6) In case of fractionators and towers: :( در ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ و ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎ6
- Design pressure of the main column ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺮج اﺻﻠﻲ و ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ -
and connected side strippers shall be
calculated based on the column bottom
ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ
maximum normal operating pressure. .ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﺮج ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﻮد
- Bottom maximum normal operating ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﺮج ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ -
pressure shall include allowance for
hydrostatic head (HHL Level) and
ﻟﺤﺎظ ارﺗﻔﺎع اﻳﺴﺘﺎي آب )ﺳﻄﺢ ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻻي
pressure drop across trays and / or ﻳﺎ اﺟﺰا داﺧﻠﻲ/ﻣﺎﻳﻊ( و اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر در ﺳﻴﻨﻲ و
internals. .ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
- Design pressure of the overhead ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮي و ﻇﺮف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ -
condenser and reflux drum shall be
calculated based on the column top
ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت
maximum normal operating pressure. .ﻋﺎدي ﺑﺎﻻي ﺑﺮج ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﻮد
- Design pressure of the bottom reboiler ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺎز ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪه ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس -
shall be calculated based on the
column bottom maximum normal
ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﺮج ﺑﻪ
operating pressure plus static head. .اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ارﺗﻔﺎع اﻳﺴﺘﺎ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﻮد
7.3.2 Design temperature دﻣﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ2-3-7
a) Unless otherwise specified by the Company اﻟﻒ( ﺑﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ از ﻣﻮارد ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﺮاي
for special cases, equipment design
temperature shall be established according دﻣﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ،ﺣﺎﻻت وﻳﮋه
to the following criteria: .ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎ زﻳﺮ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻮد
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
b) The design temperature is ب( دﻣﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ دﻣﺎﻳﻲ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ
determined for the maximum
temperature coincident with the ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺸﺎر ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه
design pressure as determined above. دﻣﺎﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ.ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
Indicate any higher temperatures as
.ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﺷﻮد
alternate design conditions.
c) The overhead receivers and relevant ج( درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮي و ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺗﻠﻤﺒﻪﻫﺎي
pumps casing shall be designed for
operating temperature plus 25 ºC or درﺟﻪ25 ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي دﻣﺎي ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﺑﻪ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ
the overhead maximum operating ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﻳﺎ دﻣﺎي ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺮي
temperature of upstream columns,
.ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎي ﺑﺎﻻ دﺳﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻫﺮﻛﺪام ﻛﻪ ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
whichever is greater.
d) Columns with fired feed heater with / ﺑﺪون/د( ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮم ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻌﻞ دار ﺧﻮراك ﺑﺎ
without side cut strippers in the zone
between the drawoff trays of two ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﺑﺮش ﻛﻨﺎري در ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ
adjacent side cuts, the design دﻣﺎي،ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎي ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ دوﺑﺮش ﻛﻨﺎري ﻧﺰدﻳﻚ
temperature shall be the drawoff
ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ دﻣﺎي ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﺑﺮش ﻛﻨﺎري ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦﺗﺮ
temperature of the heavier side cut
plus 25 ºC. In the zone between the در ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ. درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﺑﺎﺷﺪ25 ﺑﻪ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ
heaviest side cut drawoff tray and the ،ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﺑﺮش ﻛﻨﺎري ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦﺗﺮ و ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﺮج
bottom of the column, the design
temperature shall be the flash zone دﻣﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ دﻣﺎي ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ آﻧﻲ ﺑﻪ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ
temperature plus 25 ºC. . درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﺑﺎﺷﺪ25
e) For the fractionators with reboiler, دﻣﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ،ﻫ ( ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﻛﻨﻨﺪهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎز ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪه
the design temperature shall be the
reboiler return temperature plus 25 25 ﺑﺎﻳﺪ دﻣﺎي ﺑﺎزﮔﺸﺖ ﺑﺎز ﺟﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ
ºC. .درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮاد ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
7.3.3 Purging equipment with steam ﮔﺎز زداﻳﻲ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺨﺎر3-3-7
For equipment subject to steam purging at
start-up or shut-down, indication shall be ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات در ﻣﻌﺮض ﮔﺎز زداﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺨﺎر در راه اﻧﺪازي ﻳﺎ
given on the specification sheet. . ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﺑﺪان اﺷﺎره ﺷﻮد،ﺗﻮﻗﻒ
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
7.4.2 No corrosion allowance shall be ﺑﺮاي ﻇﺮوف ﭘﺮ آﻟﻴﺎژ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ در ﻧﻈﺮ2-4-7
provided in high alloy vessels. .ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد
7.4.3 Unless otherwise specified, vessel ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز، ﺑﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ از ﻣﻮاردي ﻛﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻮد3-4-7
corrosion allowance shall be provided to all ﻇﺮف ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻤﺎم ﺳﻄﻮح ﻏﻴﺮﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻬﺎي اﺟﺰاء
exposed surfaces of nonremovable internal
parts and half this amount to surface of داﺧﻠﻲ و ﻧﺼﻒ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺑﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻬﺎي ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ اﻋﻤﺎل
removable parts (except demister wire, .( ﭘﺮﻛﻦ ﺑﺮج و ﻏﻴﺮه،ﺷﻮد )ﺑﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ از ﺳﻴﻢ ذره ﮔﻴﺮ
column packing, etc.).
7.6.2 Material production shall be by the ﭘﺎﻳﻪ، ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻮاد ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎي ﻛﻮره اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ2-6-7
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
7.6.3 Proposals to use materials having a ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻮادي ﻛﻪ داراي ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ3-6-7
specified maximum tensile strength greater ﻣﮕﺎ ﭘﺎﺳﻜﺎل در دﻣﺎي اﺗﺎق620 اﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎم ﻛﺸﺶ ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ از
than 620 MPa at room temperature shall be
submitted to purchaser for approval by the .ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺮاي اﺧﺬ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪار اراﺋﻪ ﺷﻮد
Company.
7.6.4 For vessels in hydrogen service, ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘﺎت ﺟﻮﺷﻲ، ﺑﺮاي ﻇﺮوف در ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﻫﻴﺪروژن4-6-7
external welded attachments, and at least a ﺑﺎﻳﺪ از ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر، ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ از داﻣﻦ450 ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ و ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ
450 mm course of all skirts, shall be of the
same nominal chemistry as the material .ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻳﻜﺴﺎﻧﻲ ﻫﻤﭽﻮن ﻣﺎده ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﻇﺮف ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ
used for the vessel. Proposals to use ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻮاد ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﺑﺮاي اﺧﺬ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ
alternative materials shall be submitted to
purchaser for approval by the Company. .ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪار اراﺋﻪ ﺷﻮد
7.6.5 All carbon steel and low alloy ﺗﻤﺎم ﻓﻮﻻدﻫﺎي ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ ﺳﺎده و ﻛﻢ آﻟﻴﺎژ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده5-6-7
material used in sour service shall comply در ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي ﺗﺮش ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﻣﺎ ﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﺪود از اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد
with, but not be limited to the requirements
of NACE Standard MR0103, MR0175/ISO MR0103, MR0175/ISO 15156-3 ﺷﻤﺎرهNACE
15156-3 CIR 2. . ﭘﻴﺮوي ﻛﻨﻨﺪCIR 2
7.8.2 All demister pads shall be fabricated ﺗﻤﺎم ﻻﻳﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺗﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ2-8-7
in sections to permit their removal through ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ در ﺻﻮرت اﻣﻜﺎن ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ آﻧﻬﺎ از درﻳﭽﻪ ﻫﺎي آدم رو
manways, where applicable.
.ﻣﻴﺴﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
7.8.3 The following criteria should be ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎي زﻳﺮ در ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻇﺮوف و3-8-7
considered in vessels, tower’s internal :اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
design:
a) The minimum thickness of اﻟﻒ( ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﺻﻔﺤﺎت ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ
removable tray plates shall be 2 ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪه. ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ2
mm. Any corrosion allowance
37
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
specified for the tray parts under .ﺑﺮاي اﺟﺰاء ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﻮد
consideration shall be added to this
thickness. Active devices may be
ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻣﺘﺤﺮك ﺑﻪ دﻻﻳﻞ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ
less than 2 mm thick for process . ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ2 ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از
reasons.
b) Each tray shall be designed for an ب ( ﻫﺮ ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي اﺧﺘﻼف ﻓﺸﺎر رو ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ
upward pressure differential and .ﺷﺪه و ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﺑﺮﮔﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻮد
shall be specified in the data sheet.
c) Valve type proprietary tray designs ج ( ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻫﺎي ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﺨﺼﻮص ﻧﻮع ﺷﻴﺮدار ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ
shall have been tested by ( آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺷﺪه وFRI) ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ
Fractional Research Incorporated
and shall be of a type approved by .ﻧﻮع آن ﺑﻪ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ
the Company.
Trays with the capped perforated ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎي ﺑﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﻮراخدار ﻛﻼﻫﻜﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل
areas are not acceptable. .ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻨﺪ
d) Thickness د ( ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ
d.1) Minimum thickness for 13 Cr. ، ﻛﺮم13 ( ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺑﺮاي آﻟﻴﺎژ1-د
Monel and 18/8 Stainless Steel
assemblies shall be as follows: : ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ زﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ18/8 ﻣﻮﻧﻞ و ﻓﻮﻻد زﻧﮓ ﻧﺰن
d.2) Minimum thickness for Carbon ( ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﻓﻮﻻد ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ2-د
Steel assemblies shall be as follows: :ﺳﺎده ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ زﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
38
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
e.1) No corrosion allowance is ( ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻮﻧﻞ ﻳﺎ ﻓﻮﻻد زﻧﮓ ﻧﺰن ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز1 ﻫ ـ
required for Monel or Stainless Steel .ﻻزم ﻧﻴﺴﺖ
assemblies.
e.2) The corrosion allowance for all ( ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻤﺎم ﺳﻄﻮح ﺗﻴﺮ ﺧﺮﭘﺎي2 ﻫ ـ
surfaces of floor beams trusses or other ﻛﻒ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ اﺟﺰاء ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪهﻫﺎي ﻓﻮﻻد ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲ ﺳﺎده
support members of Carbon Steel
assemblies shall be 1 mm minimum. . ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ1 ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ
f) Loading و ( ﺑﺎرﮔﺬاري
f.1) The design live load for tray ( ﺑﺎر زﻧﺪه ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻴﻨﻲ در دﻣﺎﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ1-و
assemblies at operating temperatures ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺎﻻي ﻟﺒﻪ ﺳﺮرﻳﺰ50 ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس
shall be based on a liquid height of
50 mm above weirs at a density of 100 ﺑﺎ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ، ﻛﻴﻠﻮ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮﻣﻜﻌﺐ800 ﺑﺎ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ
800 kg/m³, with a minimum of 100 ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻄﻮح زﻳﺮ ﻧﺎودان ﻫﺎ.ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
kg per square meter. For areas under
downcomers design live load shall ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻫﺮ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ100 ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺎر زﻧﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ
be 100 kg per square meter. .ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
f.2) For maintenance purposes, all ﺗﻤﺎم ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎر،( ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮات2-و
assemblies shall be designed for a . ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ135 ﻣﺘﻤﺮﻛﺰ
concentrated load of 135 kg at any
point.
7.8.4 Trays in columns 900 mm inside ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ900 ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﻫﺎي در ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎي ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ داﺧﻠﻲ4-8-7
diameter and greater shall incorporate .و ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ درﻳﭽﻪ ﻫﺎي آدم رو داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ
manways.
7.8.5 All internal manways shall be ﺗﻤﺎم درﻳﭽﻪ ﻫﺎي آدم رو داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻃﻮري ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ5-8-7
designed to be opened from either side of ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ از ﻫﺮ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺎز ﺷﺪه و ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺖ از ﻧﺸﺘﻲ
the tray and shall be gasketed to prevent
leakage of liquids. . ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻻﻳﻲ دار ﺷﻮﻧﺪ،ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
7.8.6 Tray spacing is recommended to be . ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ610 ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎ6-8-7
610 mm.
7.8.7 Trays shall be bolted to support rings ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻠﻘﻪﻫﺎي ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ﭘﻴﭻ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ و ﺑﻪ7-8-7
and not welded to the vessel wall and shall دﻳﻮاره ﻇﺮف ﺟﻮش ﻧﺸﻮﻧﺪ و ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺨﺸﻬﺎي ﭘﻴﭻ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ
be in bolted sections to facilitate their
removal through vessel manways. .ﺗﺎ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ آﻧﻬﺎ از درﻳﭽﻪ آدم رو ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﺷﻮد
7.8.8 For columns less than 900 mm inside ، ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ900 ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎي ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ داﺧﻠﻲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از8-8-7
diameter, cartridge trays shall be employed ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎي ﻛﺸﻮﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻜﺎر روﻧﺪ و ﻓﻠﻨﺞ ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﻇﺮف ﺑﺮاي
and vessel break flanges shall be provided
to facilitate tray package removal. .ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ در ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮد
7.8.9 Impingement plates attached to shell ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺎﻳﺶ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ اﺗﻔﺎق ﺑﻴﺎﻓﺘﺪ9-8-7
or baffles shall be provided where severe ،ﺻﻔﺤﺎت ﺑﺮﺧﻮرد ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻴﻐﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
erosion may occur, such as opposite inlet
connections. These and all internal اﻳﻨﻬﺎ و ﺗﻤﺎم ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪهﻫﺎي اﺟﺰاء.ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ اﺗﺼﺎل ورودي
supports shall be attached with full fillet داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺟﻮش ﭘﺮﻛﻨﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﻼ ﻧﺸﺖ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺷﺪه ﻣﺘﺼﻞ
seal welds.
.ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
39
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
7.8.10 Vortex breakers shall be provided ﮔﺮداب ﺷﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ﻧﺎزﻟﻬﺎي ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ در10-8-7
on liquid bottom outlet nozzles from :ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻇﺮف ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ زﻳﺮ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
vessels as follows:
b) Vessels where two liquid phases may ب ( ﻇﺮوﻓﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ دوﻓﺎز ﻣﺎﻳﻊ وﺟﻮد داﺷﺘﻪ
be present. .ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ
7.9.2 All vessels 900 mm inside diameter ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ و900 (ID) در ﺗﻤﺎم ﻇﺮوف ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ داﺧﻠﻲ2-9-7
(ID) or greater shall be provided with at 508 ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻳﻚ درﻳﭽﻪ آدم رو ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ داﺧﻠﻲ
least one 508 mm inside diameter manhole
opening. Davits or hinges shall be provided ﮔﻴﺮه ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪه ﻳﺎ ﻟﻮﻻ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺤﻤﻞ در.ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮد
for handling manhole covers. .درﻳﭽﻪ آدم رو ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮد
7.9.3 Vessels less than 900 mm inside ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ900 در ﻇﺮوﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ داﺧﻠﻲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از3-9-7
diameter shall be provided with two 168.3 168/3 ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ دو درﻳﭽﻪ دﺳﺖ رو ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ
mm outside diameter (OD) hand holes
unless otherwise specified. .ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮد ﻣﮕﺮ ﻏﻴﺮ از آن ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻮد
7.9.4 Vessel vents, drains and steam out ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ زﻣﻴﻦ و ﻧﺎزل، ﻧﺎزﻟﻬﺎي ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻮا4-9-7
nozzles shall be independent of the normal
process flow lines and shall be in ﺑﺨﺎرزﻧﻲ ﻇﺮف ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ از ﺧﻄﻮط ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪي ﺑﻮده و
accordance with the following criteria: :ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎ زﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ
40
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
Drain connections shall be flushed with the .ﺷﺴﺘﺸﻮي اﺗﺼﺎﻻت ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ زﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻒ ﻇﺮف ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
bottom of the vessel. These and internal ﺑﺮاي اﻳﻦ اﺗﺼﺎﻻت و ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺳﻴﻔﻮﻧﻲ داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ از ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ
siphon drains shall as a minimum be
Schedule 160 pipe. . اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻛﺮد160 schedule ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ
7.9.5 Provide one(1) manway in single ( درﻳﭽﻪ آدم رو در ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎي ﺗﻚ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن1) ﻳﻚ5-9-7
cross-flow trays, two(2) manways in ( درﻳﭽﻪ آدم رو در ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎي ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻣﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ2)ﻣﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ و دو
double cross-flow trays, removable from
above and below. Manways shall be as .دوﺗﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ از ﺑﺎﻻ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﮔﺮدد
close to tray centerline as possible and as درﻳﭽﻪ ﻫﺎي آدم رو ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻂ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ اﻣﻜﺎن
nearly aligned as practicable.
.ﻧﺰدﻳﻚ ﺑﻮده ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﺗﺮاز ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
7.9.6 All trays are equipped with one ﺗﻤﺎم ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ درﻳﭽﻪ آدم رو ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ6-9-7
manway top and bottom removable for ﺑﺎﻻ5-9-7 از ﺑﺎﻻ و ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ
each liquid flow as per 7.9.5 above, except
where the free space between tray and ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻣﮕﺮ ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻀﺎي آزاد ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﻴﻨﻲ و ﺗﻴﺮ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ
beams are less than 400 mm. In this case ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ در اﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ درﻳﭽﻪ ﻫﺎي آدم رو در ﻫﺮ400 از
manways are to be provided on both sides
of beams. .دو ﻃﺮف ﺗﻴﺮ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ
7.9.7 Specification sheets of reactors shall اﻣﺎ ﻧﻪ ﻣﺤﺪود، ﺑﺮﮔﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت رآﻛﺘﻮرﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺎوي7-9-7
contain but not be limited to, the following :ﺑﻪ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت زﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
information:
b) Space velocity (normal and design ب ( ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺠﻤﻲ )ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻋﺎدي و ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ(؛
conditions).
c) Conversion per pass (normal and ج ( ﻣﻴﺰان ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ در ﻫﺮ ﻋﺒﻮر )ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻋﺎدي و ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ(؛
design conditions).
f) Reactor pressure drop (SOR & EOR). ﭘﺎﻳﺎن دوره(؛،و ( اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر رآﻛﺘﻮر )ﺷﺮوع دوره
g) Reactor bed design and bed life. ز ( ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ رآﻛﺘﻮر و ﻃﻮل ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ؛
41
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
i) Reactor inlet & outlet conditions ط ( ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ورودي و ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ رآﻛﺘﻮر )ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻋﺎدي و
(normal and design conditions). ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ(؛
j) Reactor bed temperature profile, etc. ي ( ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ دﻣﺎي ﺑﺴﺘﺮ رآﻛﺘﻮر و ﻏﻴﺮه )ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻋﺎدي و
(normal and design conditions). ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ(؛
m) Process fluid complete physical م ( ﺧﻮاص ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻴﺎل ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ )ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻋﺎدي و
properties (normal and design ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ(؛
conditions).
t) Tray numbers and details for ر ( ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎ و ﺟﺰﻳﻴﺎت ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮﺟﻬﺎ؛
columns.
v) Details of special internals such as ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ، ﺻﻔﺤﻪ،ت ( ﺟﺰﻳﻴﺎت اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ وﻳﮋه از ﻗﺒﻴﻞ
pans, distributors, etc. ﻛﻨﻨﺪه و ﻏﻴﺮه؛
w) Mist eliminators, supports, mesh or ﺗﻮري ﻳﺎ آﻛﻨﺪه و، ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪهﻫﺎ،ث ( ﺣﺬف ﻛﻦ ﻫﺎي ﻗﻄﺮه
packing, etc ﻏﻴﺮه؛
x) Basic recommendation for spares for -خ ( ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪﻫــﺎي اوﻟﻴــﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻟﻮازم ﻳﺪﻛـﻲ ﺑﺮاي راه
commissioning and 2 years ﺳﺎﻟﻪ؛2 اﻧﺪازي و ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت
operation.
7.9.8 Internals for fixed bed reactors اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺮاي رآﻛﺘﻮرﻫﺎي ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ8-9-7
7.9.8.1 Table G.1 of Appendix G lists the ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺘﻲ اﺳﺖ از اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت،( ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )ز1- ﺟﺪول ز1-8-9-7
basic practices and standards which may be
used as an acceptable typical material for ﭘﺎﻳﻪ و اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺟﻨﺲ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ
fixed bed reactor internals. .ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل ﺑﺮاي اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ رآﻛﺘﻮر ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎه ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
7.9.8.2 Design requirements are as follows: : اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ زﻳﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ2-8-9-7
42
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
a) Vessel internals which contribute to اﻟﻒ( اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﻇﺮف ﻛﻪ در ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻛﻞ ارﺗﻔﺎع رآﻛﺘﻮر
the total reactor height shall be در.ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
designed for minimum height.
Similar parts shall be interchangeable .ﺻﻮرت اﻣﻜﺎن اﺟﺰاء ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ
where possible.
b) All internals, except shrouds, shall be ب ( ﺗﻤﺎم اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺰ ﺗﻮري ﻫﺎي ﻃﻮﻟﻲ ﭘﻴﺮاﻣﻮﻧﻲ
removable with vertical thermowells ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد ﭼﺎﻫﻚ ﻫﺎي دﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﻋﻤﻮدي در ﻣﺤﻞ
in place, and shall be designed to
pass through the nearest manhole ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﻋﺒﻮر از،ﺧﻮد
above their level. ﻧﺰدﻳﻚﺗﺮﻳﻦ درﻳﭽﻪ آدم رو ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﺎن
.ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
c) All removable internals shall be ج ( ﺗﻤﺎم اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي
designed to permit installation and ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺼﺐ و ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ آﻧﻬﺎ از ﺳﻤﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ
removal from the top side.
.ﻣﻴﺴﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
d) Screens shall be attached on top of د ( ﻏﺮﺑﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻻي ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻓﻠﺰي ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪه
grids and catalyst support hardware ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻧﺼﺐ ﮔﺮدﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ از ﺑﺮوز ﻣﻮارد زﻳﺮ ﺑﺮاي
to prevent inerts and catalyst from:
:ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ و ﻣﻮاد ﺧﻨﺜﻲ ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺖ ﮔﺮدد
1) Falling through holes or slot .( اﻓﺘﺎدن از ﻣﻴﺎن ﺳﻮراﺧﻬﺎ ﻳﺎ دﻫﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﻜﺎف1
openings.
a) Reactor internals shall be designed to اﻟﻒ( اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ رآﻛﺘﻮر ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻃﻮري ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ وزن
support their own mass plus specified ﺧﻮدﺷﺎن ﺑﻌﻼوه ﺑﺎر زﻧﺪه ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ را ﺗﺤﻤﻞ
design live loads. For trays and
decks, this design shall be based on a اﻳﻦ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس، ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎ و ﺳﻄﻮح.ﻛﻨﻨﺪ
corroded thickness of 1.5 mm. . ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ1/5 ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﺧﻮرده ﺷﺪه
b) Maximum deviation from the ب ( ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ اﻧﺤﺮاف اﻓﻘﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
horizontal for liquid distributor trays 1
under loaded conditions shall not .ﻗﻄﺮ رآﻛﺘﻮر ﺗﺠﺎوز ﻛﻨﺪ در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺑﺎردار ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ از
exceed 1/900 of the reactor diameter. 900
43
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
7.9.8.4 Minimum metal thickness and : ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻓﻠﺰ و ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ4-8-9-7
corrosion allowance as:
a) For internals fabricated from sheet, ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻮار،اﻟﻒ( ﺑﺮاي اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه از ورق
plate, or strip; and for internal piping, ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻛﻞ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ،و ﺑﺮاي ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻛﺸﻲ داﺧﻠﻲ
the minimum acceptable total metal
thickness (including corrosion 2-ﻗﺒﻮل ﻓﻠﺰ )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز( در ﺟﺪول ز
allowance) is given in Table G.2 of ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ )ز( ﺑﺮاي دﺳﺘﻪ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ وﻳﮋه ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ و
Appendix G for the specified Corrosion
Design Category and Vessel Shell ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﭘﻮﺳﺘﻪ )ﻳﺎ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ آﺳﺘﺮي ﻓﻠﺰ ﻳﺎ
Corrosion Allowance (or Metal Lining دﺳﺘﻪ.ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ روﻛﺶ( ﻇﺮف داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ
or Cladding Thickness). Unless ، ﺳﺎل" ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد10" ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ
otherwise specified, Corrosion Design
Category "10 yr" shall be used. .ﻣﮕﺮ ﻏﻴﺮ از آن ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻮد
7.9.8.5 Distributor trays, quench decks, ، ﺳﻄﻮح ﺳﺮد ﺳﺎزي، ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه5-8-9-7
splash decks, and bed support grids as: ﺳﻄﻮح رﻳﺰش و ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪه ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ زﻳﺮ
:ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ
a) The nominal diameter of trays, decks, و ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ، ﺳﻄﻮح،اﻟﻒ( ﻗﻄﺮ اﺳﻤﻲ ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎ
and grids shall be determined to the 1
nearest 5 mm (¼ inch) per the ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ) اﻳﻨﭻ( ﮔﺮد5 زﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺰدﻳﻜﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎزه
4
following:
.ﺷﻮد
c) Bolt hole spacing around the edge of ﺳﻄﺢ ﻳﺎ,ج ( ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺳﻮراخ ﭘﻴﭽﻬﺎ دور ﻟﺒﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻲ
tray, deck, or grid sections shall not . ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺗﺠﺎوز ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ177 ﺑﺨﺸﻬﺎي ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ از
exceed 177 mm.
44
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
d) Access through grids, decks, and و ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ، ﺳﻄﻮح،د ( دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺷﺒﻜﻪﻫﺎ
trays shall be provided either by split ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻣﺠﺰا ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از درﻳﭽﻪ ﻫﺎي آدم
construction or by use of manways,
as follows: :رو ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ زﻳﺮ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮد
1) Manways shall provide a ( درﻳﭽﻪ ﻫﺎي آدم رو ﺑﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ از ﻣﻮارد ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪه1
minimum rectangular opening of ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ دﻫﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﺴﺘﻄﻴﻠﻲ2.در زﻳﺮ ﺑﻨﺪ د
380 × 460 mm except as
provided in Sub-par. d.2. . ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ460×380
2) Access through liquid distributor ( راه دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه2
trays shall be at least 600 mm ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ و ﻃﻮل600 ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻋﺮض
wide, and of sufficient length to
permit catalyst leveling and ﻛﺎﻓﻲ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ ﭘﺮ ﻛﺮدن ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ و
arrangement of the inert ball آراﻳﺶ ﻻﻳﻪ ﮔﻠﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺧﻨﺜﻲ در ﺑﺎﻻي ﻫﺮ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ
layer at the top of each bed by a
man lying on the tray. Assume a ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻳﻚ اﻧﺴﺎن ﺧﻮاﺑﻴﺪه روي ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﻘﺪور
maximum reach 900 mm from ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ90 ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮض اﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ.ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
the edge of any opening. .دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ از ﻟﺒﻪ ﻫﺮ دﻫﺎﻧﻪ وﺟﻮد دارد
7.9.8.6 Internal pipes and thermowells ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎي داﺧﻠﻲ و ﭼﺎﻫﻚﻫﺎي دﻣﺎﻳﻲ6-8-9-7
- Thermowells shall be designed to ﭼﺎﻫﻚ ﻫﺎي دﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻃﻮري ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ -
resist collapse due to pressure in the در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻛﺎﻣﻼً ﺧﻮرده ﺷﺪه در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﻣﭽﺎﻟﻪ ﺷﺪن
fully corroded condition.
.ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﻓﺸﺎر ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ
- Clearance between thermowell and ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﭼﺎﻫﻚ دﻣﺎﻳﻲ و ﻧﺎزل ﭼﺎﻫﻚ دﻣﺎﻳﻲ -
thermowell nozzle shall be .ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
minimized.
- Side entering thermowells shall be ﭼﺎﻫﻚ ﻫﺎي دﻣﺎﻳﻲ ورودي از ﻛﻨﺎر ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ -
structurally supported within the .ﺳﺎزه در داﺧﻞ ﻇﺮف ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
vessel.
- Internal distribution pipes shall have ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﺗﺼﺎﻻت ﻓﻠﻨﺠﻲ -
flanged and gasketed connections and .و ﻻﻳﻲ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﻧﺘﻬﺎي آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
shall have their ends blanked.
- Expansion guides shall be provided for ،ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﭼﺎﻫﻚ دﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪه ﻋﻤﻮدي -
vertical thermowell installation. .ﻏﻼف ﻫﺎي اﻧﺒﺴﺎﻃﻲ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
- Tray guides shall be provided to ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ رﺳﺎﻧﺪن ﻧﺸﺘﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ از ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ -
minimize liquid leakage at points ﭼﺎﻫﻜﻬﺎي دﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﻳﺎ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻟﻴﺴﺖ از
where thermowells or catalyst dump
tubes pass through trays. Highest ﻣﻴﺎن ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﻋﺒﻮر ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻨﺪ ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﻧﺪه ﻫﺎي ﺳﻴﻨﻲ
Liquid Level (HLL) will be specified. ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻻي.ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
.( ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻮدHLL)ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
APPENDICES ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖﻫﺎ
APPENDIX A ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ اﻟﻒ
(ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ/)ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ
Liquid removed
ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎت ﺣﺬف ﺷﺪه
efficiency overall, %
80 – 90 80 – 90 > 98 > 98 > 96 > 96 > 96 > 96 > 93 > 99
% راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﻛﻠﻲ
with respect to fine mist V. Low V. Low High High Low Low Low Low Low V. High
ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ذرات رﻳﺰ ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻛﻢ ﻛﻢ ﻛﻢ ﻛﻢ ﻛﻢ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر زﻳﺎد
flooding above max* No No Yes Yes Yes, unless dp vanes are used No Yes Yes
max * ﻃﻐﻴﺎن ﺑﺎﻻي ﺧﻴﺮ ﺧﻴﺮ ﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﻠﻪ dp ﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ از اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺮه ﺧﻴﺮ ﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﻠﻪ
Liquid handling
capacity
ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
as slugs High V. High High V. High V. Low High High High Low Low
ﺑﺼﻮرت ﻟﺨﺘﻪ زﻳﺎد ﺧﻴﻠﻲ زﻳﺎد زﻳﺎد ﺧﻴﻠﻲ زﻳﺎد ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ زﻳﺎد زﻳﺎد زﻳﺎد ﻛﻢ ﻛﻢ
as droplets (Qmax) High High High High Low Mod. Mod. High Low Low
(Qmax)ﺑﺼﻮرت ﻗﻄﺮات زﻳﺎد زﻳﺎد زﻳﺎد زﻳﺎد ﻛﻢ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ زﻳﺎد ﻛﻢ ﻛﻢ
Fouling tolerance
رواداري رﺳﻮب
Sand High High Low Low V. Low if dp, Low if Sp Mod. If np. High High High
ﺷﻦ زﻳﺎد زﻳﺎد ﻛﻢ ﻛﻢ زﻳﺎد زﻳﺎد زﻳﺎد
Sticky material High High V. Low V. Low np ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ اﮔﺮ،sp ﻛﻢ اﮔﺮ، dp ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ اﮔﺮ High Low Low
ﻣﻮاد ﭼﺴﺒﻨﺪه زﻳﺎد زﻳﺎد ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ زﻳﺎد ﻛﻢ ﻛﻢ
Pressure drop V. Low V. Low Low Low Low Low Low High High V. High
اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻢ ﻛﻢ ﻛﻢ ﻛﻢ ﻛﻢ ﻛﻢ زﻳﺎد زﻳﺎد ﺑﺴﻴﺎر زﻳﺎد
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
APPENDIX B ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ب
NATURE OF THE FEED ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺖ ﺧﻮراك
Examples of foaming systems are some ﺗﻪ، ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎم،ﻣﺜﺎﻟﻬﺎﻳﻲ از ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻛﻒزا
crude oils, heavy residues, absorption and .ﻣﺎﻧﺪهﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ و ﺣﻼﻟﻬﺎي ﺟﺬب و اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ
extraction solvents.
Foaming in the separator may lead to carry- ﻛﻒ زاﻳﻲ در ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺮي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
over of liquid (when foam reaches the ﻳﺎ/ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ و/)زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻒ ﺑﻪ اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﮔﺎز
gas/liquid separation internal and/or the gas
outlet) or to carry-under of gas. It will also ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ.ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﮔﺎز ﺑﺮﺳﺪ( ﻳﺎ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺮي ﮔﺎز ﻣﻴﺸﻮد
upset the level control system. .ﺑﻪ آﺷﻔﺘﮕﻲ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻮد
Note that foaming is more likely to be a ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻲ ﻛﻪ،ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ داﺷﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻒ زاﻳﻲ در ﺑﺎرﻫﺎي زﻳﺎد ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
problem at high liquid loads, when flow in ،ﺟﺮﻳﺎن در ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ورودي ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻒ زا ﻳﺎ ﻧﺎﭘﺎﻳﺪار اﺳﺖ
the inlet pipe is in the froth or intermittent
flow regimes. .ﻣﺸﻜﻞ زا ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد
Installation of internals to combat foam is ﻧﺼﺐ اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻒ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻧﺒﻮده و ﺣﺘﻲ
normally not effective and may even be .ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ اﺛﺮ ﻣﻌﻜﻮس ﻧﻴﺰ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
counterproductive.
Foaming in the vessel is minimized by ﻛﻒ زاﻳﻲ در ﻇﺮف ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ رو ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻣﺜﻞ
decreasing the downward liquid velocity, . ﻛﻢ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد،اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ دادن ﻗﻄﺮ ﻇﺮف ﺟﺪاﺳﺎز
for instance by increasing the diameter of
the separator vessel.
Sometimes an antifoam agent can be در ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﻣﻮارد ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺿﺪ ﻛﻒ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺖ از ﻛﻒ زاﻳﻲ
injected to suppress foaming. .ﺗﺰرﻳﻖ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد
B.2 Feeds with Solids, Wax or Coking ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮم ﻳﺎ ﻛُﻚ، ﺧﻮراك ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﺟﺎﻣﺪات2-ب
Tendency
ﺷﺪن
Sand, rust, scale or other solids present in
the feed will leave the separator together ﻫﻤﺮاه، رﺳﻮﺑﻬﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺟﺎﻣﺪات ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﺧﻮراك، زﻧﮕﺎر،ﺷﻦ
with the liquid. However, solids will also ﺑﺎ اﻳﻦ وﺟﻮد ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ.ﺑﺎ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه را ﺗﺮك ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ
settle out in the separator and tend to
.ﺟﺎﻣﺪات در ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻦ ﺷﺪه و ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ دارﻧﺪ
accumulate. For this reason care should be
taken with the location of instrument ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ دﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻞ اﺗﺼﺎﻻت اﺑﺰار دﻗﻴﻖ ﻛﻪ
connections which could become plugged. ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺗﻲ.اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻧﺴﺪاد دارﻧﺪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﻮد
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
Provision should be made for cleaning the ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻤﻴﺰﻛﺎري ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه در زﻣﺎن ﺗﻮﻗﻒ و در ﺻﻮرت ﻧﻴﺎز در
separator during shutdowns, and if
necessary during operation, by the
.ﻃﻮل ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ اﻓﺸﺎﻧﻚ آب و ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ زﻣﻴﻨﻲ دﻳﺪه ﺷﻮد
installation of a water spray and drain.
When solids are present in the feed, زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮراك ﺣﺎوي ﺟﺎﻣﺪات ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد
consideration should be given to reducing 2 ﺗﺎ1ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺗﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ورودي و اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ
the inlet velocity and adding an "erosion
allowance" of 1-2 mm extra material ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮي "ﺳﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﺠﺎز" ﺑﻪ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻣﺎده ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه)اﮔﺮ ﺟﺎ
thickness to the inlet device (if fitted). .ﺷﻮد( در وﺳﺎﻳﻞ ورودي در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد
Wax in the feed will be deposited on any ﻣﻮم در ﺧﻮراك در ﺗﻤﺎم ﺳﻄﻮﺣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻛﻢ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
surfaces where the velocities are low. Also, ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺳﻮراﺧﻬﺎي رﻳﺰ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ.ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد
narrow openings will tend to become
plugged. .اﻧﺴﺪاد دارﻧﺪ
Coke will also accumulate on surfaces ﻛُﻚ ﻧﻴﺰ در ﺳﻄﻮﺣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻛﻢ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻦ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد و
where the velocities are low, and will tend ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ در ﺳﻄﻮﺣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﻣﺮﻃﻮب ﻧﻤﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
to form on any surfaces which are not
continuously wetted. .ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد
Knock-out drums are recommended for ﻇﺮوف ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﺧﻮراك ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮم دار و ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮاي
waxy feeds and cyclones for coking feeds. ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻪ.ﺧﻮراك ﻛُﻚ دار ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﻧﺪ
Multicyclone separators and filter
separators can handle solids as long as they ﺟﺎﻣﺪات را ﺗﺎ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﭼﺴﺒﻨﺪه،و ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﺻﺎﻓﻲ دار
are not sticky. .ﻧﺒﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺟﺪا ﻛﻨﻨﺪ
Vane pack separators may be used ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻓﻘﻂ در ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي،ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﭘﺮه اي ﻣﺘﺮاﻛﻢ
provided the service is only slightly fouling ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً رﺳﻮب ده و ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﭘﺮه ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺎز ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
and the vane structure is sufficiently open.
.اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
Demister mats shall not be used because of از ﺣﺼﻴﺮﻫﺎي ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﺧﻄﺮ اﻧﺴﺪاد ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده
the danger of plugging. .ﺷﻮد
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
APPENDIX C ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ج
SIZING OF THE FEED AND OUTLET ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه ﻧﺎزلﻫﺎي ﺧﻮراك و ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ
NOZZLES
The sizing of the nozzles shall be based on ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه ﻧﺎزﻟﻬﺎي ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﻴﺰان ﺟﺮﻳﺎن واﻗﻌﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
the ACTUAL flow rates (i.e., .()ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ
EXCLUDING the appropriate design
margin).
Where: :ﻛﻪ
And و
If a half-open pipe is used as inlet device: :اﮔﺮ از ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺑﺎز ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان وﺳﻴﻠﻪ ورودي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد
If a specific inlet proprietary device is ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ،اﮔــﺮ از وﺳﻴﻠــﻪ ورودي ﻣﺨﺼﻮص اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮد
used, the respective m.Vm,in value should . ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻮد m Vm,in ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻣﻘـﺪار
be specified.
In High Vacuum Units where a در واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﺑﺎ ﺧﻼء زﻳﺎد ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ از ﭘﻴﺶ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻨﺪه در ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ
precondenser is used in overhead systems,
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
APPENDIX D ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ د
DESIGN MARGINS FOR ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه
SEPARATOR
To determine the highest envisaged ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎر ﺣﺠﻤﻲ ﻣﻮرد اﻧﺘﻈﺎر در ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ
volumetric load factor for vessel design the ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪﻫﺎي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ زﻳﺮ )ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻧﻮﺳﺎن( ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ،ﻇﺮف
following design margins (surge factor) are
recommended: :ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
b) Another platform or well jacket in 1/3 ب ( ﺳﻜﻮي دﻳﮕﺮ ﻳﺎ ﻏﻼف ﭼﺎه در آب ﻛﻢ ﻋﻤﻖ؛
shallow water; 1.3
c) Another platform or well in deep 1/4 .ج ( ﺳﻜﻮي دﻳﮕﺮ ﻳﺎ ﭼﺎه در آب ﻋﻤﻴﻖ
water. 1.4
Separator handling gas lifted production :ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه در ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻓﺮاز آوري ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮔﺎز از
from:
b) Another platform or well jacket. 1/5 .ب ( ﺳﻜﻮي دﻳﮕﺮ ﻳﺎ ﻏﻼف ﭼﺎه
1.5
Separator handling gas lifted production in: :ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه در ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﮔﺎز از
D.2 In Manufacturing Oil, Gas and in در ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﺻﻨﺎﻳﻊ ﻧﻔﺖ و ﮔﺎز و ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻮاد ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ2-د
Chemicals Manufacturing:
. اﺳﺖ1/25 ﺗﺎ1/15 ﻣﺤﺪوده ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎً از
The design margin ranges typically from
1.15 to 1.25.
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
APPENDIX E ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻫ
52
آذر Dec. 2009 / 1388 )IPS-E-PR-850(1
TABLE E.2 - GAS SEPARATOR TYPES ALONG WITH TYPICAL SEPARATION PERFORMANCE
ﺟﺪول ﻫ ـ 2اﻧﻮاع ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﮔﺎز ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﺎرآﻳﻲ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي
SLUG HANDLING
CAPACITY SOLID REMOVAL LIQUID REMOVAL
SEPARATOR TYPE
EFFICIENCY IF ANY EFFICIENCY
ﻧﻮع ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﻟﺨﺘﻪ
راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﺟﺎﻣﺪ در ﺻﻮرت وﺟﻮد راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺬف ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
Multicyclone scrubbers 100% 8 & larger 99% 5 - 8 100% 5 & larger
ﻋﺎري ﺳﺎزﻫﺎي ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮﻧﻲ Yes
100درﺻﺪ 8ﻣﻴﻜﺮون و ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ 99 ،درﺻﺪ 5ﺗﺎ 100درﺻﺪ 5ﻣﻴﻜﺮون و ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ
8ﻣﻴﻜﺮون
Vertical gas separator with vane Yes No 100% 8 & larger
ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﮔﺎز ﻋﻤﻮدي ﺑﺎ ﭘﺮه 100درﺻﺪ 8ﻣﻴﻜﺮون و ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ
In-line vane No No 100% 8 & larger
ﭘﺮه در ﺧﻂ 100درﺻﺪ 8ﻣﻴﻜﺮون و ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ
Vertical separator with wire 98% 8 & larger
mesh demister Yes No 98درﺻﺪ 8ﻣﻴﻜﺮون و ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ
ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻋﻤﻮدي ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮه ﮔﻴﺮ ﺗﻮري
ﺳﻴﻤﻲ
Filter separators with vane 100% 3 & larger 99% 0.5 - 3 100% 3 & larger
ﺟﺪﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﺻﺎﻓﻲ دار ﺑﺎ ﭘﺮه Yes 100درﺻﺪ 3ﻣﻴﻜﺮون و ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ 99 ،درﺻﺪ 0/5 100درﺻﺪ 3ﻣﻴﻜﺮون و ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ
ﺗﺎ 3ﻣﻴﻜﺮون
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آذر Dec. 2009 / 1388 )IPS-E-PR-850(1
)APPENDIX E (continued
ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ﻫ )اداﻣﻪ(
راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺟﻤﻊ آوري %
54
آذر Dec. 2009 / 1388 )IPS-E-PR-850(1
)ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ (1
ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ
)ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ (2
ﮔﺎز ﺗﻤﻴﺰ
ورودي
ﺑﺮش ﺳﻴﻜﻠﻮن
ﮔﺎز ورودي
ﮔﺎز ورودي
ﻣﻤﺎﺳﻲ
ﻣﺎﻳﻊ و
ﺟﺎﻣﺪات
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
APPENDIX F ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ و
TYPICAL EQUATIONS, WHICH CAN ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺪ ﻣﻴﺘﻮاﻧﻨﺪ
BE USED FOR TERMINAL
اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﻮﻧﺪ
VELOCITY CALCULATION
F.1 Terminal Velocity of a Spherical ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺪ ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻲ ذره رﻳﺰ ﻛﺮوي ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ1-و
Fine Particle Settling under the
ﮔﺮاﻧﺶ
Influence of Gravity
The terminal velocity of a spherical fine ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺪ ذره رﻳﺰ ﻛﺮوي ﻛﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﮔﺮاﻧﺶ ﺗﻪ ﻧﺸﻴﻦ
particle settling under the influence of .ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻣﻴﺘﻮاﻧﺪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﺳﺘﻮك ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﻮد
gravity can be determined by Stockes’ law.
4 gD P L v
(Eq. F.1) Ut (1-)ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ و
3C D v
l v
(Eq. F.2) Ut K (2-)ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ و
v
Where: :ﻛﻪ
l l
Based on the theory and experimental ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺌﻮري و ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻲ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﭘﺲ راﻧﺶ ﻣﻴﺘﻮاﻧﺪ
results, CD can be expressed approximately ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ.ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ زﻳﺮ ﺑﻴﺎن ﺷﻮد
as follows. It should be noted that CD is
given as a function of Reynolds number, ﻛﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ،Re ﻓﻘﻂ، ﺗﺎﺑﻌﻲ از ﻋﺪد رﻳﻨﻮﻟﺪزCD ﭘﺲ راﻧﺶ
Re only, where the velocity is the relative .ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ذرات رﻳﺰ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ اﻃﺮاف آن اﺳﺖ
velocity of the fine particle to its
surrounding fluid.
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
MANUFACTURE'S TYPE
Wire
Surface Void ﻧﻮع ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه
Density Diameter
Area Fraction
(kg/m³) (mm) Naniwa APPLICATION
(m²/m³) __ Nihon
ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺳﻴﻢ Special ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد
ﺳﻄﺢ ﻇﺎﻫﺮي ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﺎﻟﻲ York Divment Metex Mesh
()ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ Mesh
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F.2.4 For variation of "K" Values with ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ،" ﺑﺎ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺟﺪاﻳﺶk" ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ4-2-و
disengaging height see recommended . را ﺑﺒﻴﻨﻴﺪ3-ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه زﻳﺮ در ﺟﺪول و
values as hereunder in Table F.3:
F.2.5 It is required that disengaging heights ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺟﺪاﻳﺶ از ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮري5-2-و
should be 460 mm, minimum in cases ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻲ اﻳﻦ. ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ460 ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ
where wire mesh is provided. This height
must be corrected for the vapor velocity in .ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺑﺨﺎر در ﻫﺮﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﺎص اﺻﻼح ﺷﻮد
each individual case.
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
Provision of baffles must be considered. ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ دﻟﻴﻞ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﺑﺨﺎر در ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺟﺪاﻳﺶ
The reason for this is that the duty of vapor ﺻﻔﺤﻪ،ﺑﺎ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ رو ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﻣﺎﻳﻊ ﻛﻢ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد
liquid separation in the disengaging zone
can be reduced by directing the liquid flow ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺗﻲ.ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻲ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد
downwards. Also, consideration has been ﺑﺮاي اﺟﺘﻨﺎب از اﺛﺮات ﻧﺎﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺗﻮري ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ
given to avoid the unfavorable effects on
ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﻧﺸﺪن ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺧﻮراك در ﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه
wire mesh pad due to the conning of feed
stream in cases where no baffle is در ﺻﻮرﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮري ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ.ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﺪه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ دﻳﺪه ﺷﻮد
provided. The same thought has been .ﺗﻌﺒﻴﻪ ﻧﺸﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻔﻜﺮ ﻳﻜﺴﺎﻧﻲ دﻧﺒﺎل ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد
followed even in cases where no wire mesh
is provided.
F.3 Application of These Equations to ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد اﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻮدي3-و
Vertical Liquid-Liquid Separators
ﻣﺎﻳﻊ – ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
F.3.1 Using Allen’s and Stocks’ equations, ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺣﺪ، ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت آﻟﻦ و اﺳﺘﻮك1-3-و
the terminal velocity of the heavier ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد اﻳﻦ.ذرات ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺗﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ اﺳﺖ
particles can be calculated. Typical
زﻳﺮ5- و و4-ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي آب از ﻧﻔﺖ در ﺟﺪول و
application of these equations to the
separation of water from oil is given in the .داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ
following Tables F.4 and F.5.
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
ﺧﻮاص ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ MAXIMUM LIQUID VELOCITY
OIL FRACTION ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
Relative Density (cP) ﺑﺨﺶ ﻧﻔﺘﻲ m/s
(Sp. Gr.)
(cP) ﮔﺮاﻧﺮوي
ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ )ﺟﺮم
(وﻳﮋه
0.70 0.5 Naphtha 0.8
ﻧﻔﺘﺎ
0.80 1.5 Kerosene 0.04
ﻧﻔﺖ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ
0.85 5.0 Gas-Oil 0.02
ﮔﺎزوﺋﻴﻞ
0.90 10.0 Vac. Gas-Oil 0.005
ﮔﺎزوﺋﻴﻞ ﺑﺮج ﺧﻼء
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦﺗﺮ
ﺧﻮراك
ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦﺗﺮ
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
(ﺑﻮت)درﺻﻮرت ﻧﻴﺎز
Boot (If required)
4 ﻳﺎدآوري
Notes: :ﻳﺎدآوريﻫﺎ
1) 20% of drum diameter of 300 mm (12 ﻫﺮﻛﺪام،( اﻳﻨﭻ12) ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ300 درﺻﺪ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻇﺮف ﻳﺎ20 (1
inches), whichever is the greater.
.ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
4) (4
a) Boots shall be sized for a دﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺑﻪ5 اﻟﻒ( ﺑﻮت ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ زﻣﺎن اﻗﺎﻣﺖ
minimum residence time of five ﻋﻨﻮان راﻫﻨﻤﺎ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﻧﺪازه ﺷﻮﻧﺪ و ﻗﻄﺮ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ
minutes as a guideline and their
diameters shall be the same as .در ﺣﺪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﺴﺎوي اﻧﺪازه ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﺠﺎري ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
the commercial pipe sizes as far 1 ﺑﻪ5 ﺗﺎ1 ﺑﻪ2 ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻪ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ
as possible. The height-diameter
ratio shall be 2:1-5:1. .ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
b) Boot diameters shall be 250 mm ﺑﺨﺎﻃﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ب( ﻗﻄﺮ ﺑﻮت
minimum, because of good . ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﻮد250
operability.
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آذر Dec. 2009 / 1388 )IPS-E-PR-850(1
ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ
ﺧﻮراك
ﺳﺒﻚﺗﺮ
ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦﺗﺮ
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آذر Dec. 2009 / 1388 )IPS-E-PR-850(1
ﺷﻴﺮ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ
درﭘﻮش اﻳﻤﻨﻲ
ﺑﺨﺶ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻗﻄﺮه ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﮔﺎز
ﻓﺸﺎر ﺳﻨﺞ
ﻳﺎ
ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﮔﺎز
ورودي
ﺑﺨﺶ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ
ﺷﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل
ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ زﻣﻴﻦ
ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ زﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﮔﺎز اﺑﺰار دﻗﻴﻖ
ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﮔﺎز
درﭘﻮش اﻳﻤﻨﻲ
ﺑﺨﺶ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻗﻄﺮه
ﺷﻴﺮ ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ
ﺑﺨﺶ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي
ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ زﻣﻴﻦ
ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
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آذر Dec. 2009 / 1388 )IPS-E-PR-850(1
ﺧﺮوﺟﻲ ﮔﺎز
ﺑﺨﺶ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻗﻄﺮه
درﭘﻮش اﻳﻤﻨﻲ
ﺷﻴﺮ اﻳﻤﻨﻲ
ﻓﺸﺎر ﺳﻨﺞ
ورودي
ﺑﺨﺶ ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ
ﺷﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل
ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ زﻣﻴﻦ
ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ زﻣﻴﻦ
ﺷﻴﺮ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل
ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﮔﺎز اﺑﺰار دﻗﻴﻖ
Fig. 7-Horizontal Two Phase Separator
ﺷﻜﻞ - 7ﺟﺪاﻛﻨﻨﺪه دو ﻓﺎزي اﻓﻘﻲ
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
APPENDIX G ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺖ ز
ACCEPTABLE GRADES AND ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت و درﺟﺎت ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﺪادي از ﻣﻮاد
SPECIFICATION FOR A NUMBER
اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ
OF STANDARD INTERNAL
MATERIALS
Acceptable grades and specification for a ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت و درﺟﺎت ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻗﺒﻮل ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﺪادي از ﻣﻮاد اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد
number of standard internal materials are :اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ در زﻳﺮ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ
listed below:
* Vendor’s proposals to use materials or * ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدات ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺟﻨﺲ ﻳﺎ
thickness alternative to those specified ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪار اراﺋﻪ،ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ دﻳﮕﺮ
shall be submitted to purchaser for
approval by the Company. .ﺷﻮد
** When materials are not specified, ** زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻨﺲ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻧﺸﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدات ﺳﺎزﻧﺪه
Vendor’s proposals shall be submitted .ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﻛﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪار اراﺋﻪ ﺷﻮد
to purchaser for approval by the
Company.
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
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Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
Notes: :ﻳﺎدآوريﻫﺎ
1) Abbreviations used in the above table :( اﺧﺘﺼﺎرات ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﺟﺪول ﺑﺎﻻ ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﻨﺪ از1
are:
CS designates carbon, low alloy and آﻟﻴﺎژ ﻛﻢ و آﻟﻴﺎژ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ را ﺑﻴﺎن، ﻓﻮﻻد ﺳﺎده ﻛﺮﺑﻨﻲCS
intermediate alloy steels; ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ؛
Alloy designates stainless steels (300 آﻟﻴﺎژﻫﺎي،(400 و300 آﻟﻴﺎژ ﻓﻮﻻد زﻧﮓ ﻧﺰن )ﺳﺮي
and 400 series), Nickel alloys, Copper آﻟﻴﺎژﻫﺎي آﻟﻮﻣﻴﻨﻴﻮم دار را، آﻟﻴﺎژﻫﺎي ﻣﺲ دار،ﻧﻴﻜﻞ دار
alloys; Aluminum alloys.
ﺑﻴﺎن ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ؛
2) Trays, Decks, etc. shall be at least 2.0 ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ2 ﺳﻄﻮح و ﻏﻴﺮه ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ،( ﺳﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎ2
mm thick. .داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
3) Tray Accessories shall be at least 1.6 ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘﺮ1/6 ( ﻟﻮازم ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ3
mm thick. .داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
4)* Material and Metal thickness to be .( * ﺟﻨﺲ و ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻓﻠﺰ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻴﺸﻮد4
specified.
5) Internals shall be of the same material as ( اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺟﻨﺲ ﻳﻜﺴﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ داﺧﻠﻲ ﺑﺪﻧﻪ ﻇﺮف5
the interior surface of the vessel shell. .داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ
6) Metric conversion of metal thickness of ( ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﺘﺮﻳﻚ ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻓﻠﺰ اﺟﺰاء داﺧﻠـﻲ )ﻣﺜﻞ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻛﺸﻲ6
internals (ex. Internal Piping) and 3-داﺧﻠﻲ( و ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺟﺪول ز
Corrosion Allowance values in Table
G.3 shall be as follows. :ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
7) Vessel shell corrosion allowance for 5, اﻧﻮاع، ﺳﺎل15 و10 ،5 ( ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﺑﺪﻧﻪ ﻇﺮف ﺑﺮاي7
10 and 15 yr, design categories are ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻴﺰان داﻣﻨﻪ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ
based on the maximum values for a
given range of corrosion rates. .داده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ
8) Thickness specified for each vessel shell ( ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ ﻣﺠﺎز ﻫﺮ ﺑﺪﻧﻪ ﻇﺮف8
corrosion allowance are designed so that ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺪت ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ در ﻫﺮ
successively lower corrosion rates are
used for each (5, 10, 15 yr) corrosion ﺳﺎل( ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﺘﻮاﻟﻲ15 و10 ،5) ﻧﻮع ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﺧﻮردﮔﻲ
design category. .ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ
68
Dec. 2009 / 1388 آذر IPS-E-PR-850(1)
69