Data Visualization Aurora Stuff
Data Visualization Aurora Stuff
Data Visualization Aurora Stuff
The history of visualizing data dates back to the 18th century, which was filled
with patriotic wars.
One of the most renowned patriotic war was Napoleon's French invasion of Russia. It
is considered to be the most significant campaign involving millions of soldiers
and several thousands of casualties.
Charles Joseph Minard recorded this remarkable war of Napoleon's march and retreat
with the most magnificent visualization ever.
Let us retreat from history and march towards the concept of Data Visualization!
And, if you are not aware of the Data Science concepts, data can remain obscure.
That is where Data Visualization comes into the picture to rescue us.
Fact
Edward Tufte mentions Charles Joseph Minard's map of Napoleon's march to be the
best statistical graphic ever drawn in the world.
Data Visualization
Data Visualization
The glorious value of a picture is when it stimulates us to notice what we never
expected to see.
Definition
Data Visualization takes in raw data and transforms into charts, graphs, and images
that can flawlessly marvelously explain numbers to gain insights from it.
Prelude
Every phenomenon in the world abides by the standards of its own. It is time to
parade towards the Principles of Design.
Elements
More than the inspiration, it is necessary to understand the basics of the subject
to create a beautiful design. Before advancing to the principles, we shall halt to
get ourselves braced up by knowing the seven Elements of Design.
Elements of Design
Line
Color
Shape
Texture
Value
Space
Size
Principles of Design
Principles of Design
Balance
Types of Balance
Symmetrical
Asymmetrical
Radial
Principles of Design
Emphasis
Important data can be emphasized with color, size, or contrast to draw the
attention of users.
Movement
Principles of Design
Smart Use of Patterns
Assume a scenario in which you are told to draw a bird sitting on a tree. You will
draw the tree prominent and the bird, smaller in size.
In a Pie Chart Visualization, the division with 50% will be more significant
compared to the division with 30%.
Principles of Design
Proper Rhythm
Closely associated with movement.
Movement of visual elements must be pleasing to the eyes, for it to be called a
proper Rhythm.
Variety
Principles of Design
Theme
Prelude
Edward Tufte, an analytical theorist on design and well known for his book on
Design Analysis, has stated six principles. Let us unveil them in this topic.
Graphical Integrity
Maximize Data-Ink
Avoid Chart Junk
Aim for High Data Density
Use Classic Design Solutions
Apply Aesthetics and Techniques
1. Graphical Integrity
Definition
Measure
Graphical Integrity
Principles of Graphical Integrity
Graphical Integrity
In time-series displays of money, deflated and standardized units of monetary
measurement are nearly always better than the nominal units.
The number of information-carrying dimensions depicted should not exceed the number
of dimensions in the data.
Graphics must not quote data out of context.
2. Maximize Data-Ink
2. Maximize Data-Ink
Definition
Data\:-Ink\:Ratio = \dfrac{Data\:Ink}{Total\:Ink\:used\:in\:Graph}Data-InkRatio=
?TotalInkusedinGraph
?
?DataInk
??
Fact
An electroencephalogram has a very high data-ink ratio of 1
Maximize Data-Ink
Principles of Data-Ink
The proportion of the total size of the graph that is dedicated for displaying
data.
Shrink Principle
Maximize data density and the size of the data matrix within reason which is
attained by Shrink Principle.
Most graphs can be shrunk way down without losing information.
Prologue
It is time to troop towards the next topic of Data Visualization tools.
Give ordinary people the right tools, and they will design and build the most
extraordinary things.
Tableau
Tableau
Tableau is well suited for handling massive and emerging datasets.
It is used in:
Big Data Operations
Artificial intelligence applications
Machine Learning applications
It is integrated with advanced database solutions, namely:
Hadoop
SAP
Teradata
MySQL
Creates effective visualizations.
QlikView
QlikView
QlikView offers powerful visualization capabilities.
It provides a clean and interactive UI.
It also provides:
Powerful Business Intelligence operations
Analytics
Enterprise Reporting Capabilities
Qlik Sense - A package in QlikView that handles data exploration and discovery.
QlikView has an active community to guide new users in tool integration.
FusionCharts
FusionCharts
FusionCharts is a JavaScript based visualization package.
It produces 90 different chart types.
FusionCharts framework provides a great deal of flexibility.
Plotly
Plotly
Plotly supports more complex and sophisticated data visualizations.
Integrated with analytical-oriented programming languages, namely:
R
Python
Matlab
Built on top of the open-source d3.js
Integrated with Salesforce
Sisense
Sisense
Sisense provides a platform with full-stack analytical capability.
Visualizations can be created with a simple drag and drop interface.
Aids in the integration of data from multiple resources which can be queried when
required.
Others
Other powerful Data Visualization tools include:
D3.js
R Charts (ggplot2 package)
Pentaho
SAP Lumira
TIBCO Spotfire
JasperSoft
Microstrategy
Line Charts
Line Charts
Line Charts are suitably adopted while analyzing a trend over a period of time
They aid in satisfying the need to compare relative changes in quantities against
the time variable.
Bar Plots
Bar Plots
Bar Plots are chosen to picture an observation between cumulative totals across
several groups.
Box Plots
Box Plots
Five statistically significant numbers are portrayed by Box plots, namely:
Minimum
25th percentile
Median
75th percentile
Maximum
It aids in visualizing the range of data and for deriving inferences accordingly.
Scatter Plots
Scatter Plots
Scatter plots help in inspecting multiple variables simultaneously by color-coding.
Scatter plots reveal the relationship or association between two variables; the
extent to which one variable is affected by another.
Decision Trees
Decision Trees
Decision Trees are excellent tools that help in choosing the right action among
several courses of actions.
They provide a highly effective structure to lay out options and investigate the
possible outcomes of choosing those options.
Histograms
Histograms
Histograms are used to plot quantitative data, and the ranges of the data are
grouped into bins or intervals.
Prelude
Explore the fruits of visualization here!
A Success Story
In 1854, there emerged a question. The question was:
John Snow illustrated through his visualization that the cholera epidemic was
caused by a bad water pump.
The red dots in the figure indicated the location of deaths.