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Type of Gear

There are several types of gears described in the document. Spur gears have straight parallel teeth and are widely used due to their easy production. Helical gears have winding teeth and can transmit higher loads than spur gears. Gear racks convert rotational motion to linear motion by meshing with pinion gears. Bevel gears transmit force between intersecting shafts and come in various types including straight, helical, and spiral. Screw gears are helical gears on non-parallel shafts used for power transmission. Miter gears change the direction of rotation without changing speed. Worm gears consist of a worm and worm wheel for transmission between non-intersecting shafts. Internal gears have teeth cut inside cylinders or cones and mesh with

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Ashish Kumar Jha
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87 views

Type of Gear

There are several types of gears described in the document. Spur gears have straight parallel teeth and are widely used due to their easy production. Helical gears have winding teeth and can transmit higher loads than spur gears. Gear racks convert rotational motion to linear motion by meshing with pinion gears. Bevel gears transmit force between intersecting shafts and come in various types including straight, helical, and spiral. Screw gears are helical gears on non-parallel shafts used for power transmission. Miter gears change the direction of rotation without changing speed. Worm gears consist of a worm and worm wheel for transmission between non-intersecting shafts. Internal gears have teeth cut inside cylinders or cones and mesh with

Uploaded by

Ashish Kumar Jha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SPUR GERA

Gears having cylindrical pitch surfaces are called


cylindrical gears. Spur gears belong to the parallel
shaft gear group and are cylindrical gears with a tooth
line which is straight and parallel to the shaft. Spur
gears are the most widely used gears that can achieve
high accuracy with relatively easy production
processes. They have the characteristic of having no
load in the axial direction (thrust load). The largest of
the meshing pair is called the bull gear and smaller is
called the pinion.
HELICAL GEAR
Helical gears are used with parallel shafts similar to
spur gears and are cylindrical gears with winding
tooth lines. They have better teeth meshing than spur
gears and have superior quietness and can transmit
higher loads, making them suitable for high speed
applications. When using helical gears, they create
thrust force in the axial direction, necessitating the
use of thrust bearings. Helical gears come with right
hand and left hand twist requiring opposite hand
gears for a meshing pair.
GEAR RACK
Same sized and shaped teeth cut at equal distances
along a flat surface or a straight rod is called a gear
rack. A gear rack is a cylindrical gear with the radius of
the pitch cylinder being infinite. By meshing with a
cylindrical gear pinion, it converts rotational motion
into linear motion. Gear racks can be broadly divided
into straight tooth racks and helical tooth racks, but
both have straight tooth lines. By machining the ends
of gear racks, it is possible to connect gear racks end
to end.
BEVEL GEAR
Bevel Gears have a cone shaped appearance and are
used to transmit force between two shafts which
intersect at one point (intersecting shafts). A bevel
gear has a cone as its pitch surface and its teeth are
cut along the cone. Kinds of bevel gears include
straight bevel gears, helical bevel gears, spiral bevel
gears, miter gears, angular bevel gears, crown gears,
zerol bevel gears and hypoid gears.
SPIRAL BEVEL GEAR
Spiral bevel gears are bevel gears with curved tooth
lines. Due to higher tooth contact ratio, they are
superior to straight bevel gears in efficiency, strength,
vibration and noise. On the other hand, they are more
difficult to produce. Also, because the teeth are
curved, they cause thrust forces in the axial direction.
Within the spiral bevel gears, the one with the zero
twisting angle is called zero bevel gear.
SCREW GEARS
Screw gears are a pair of same hand helical gears
with the twist angle of 45° on non-parallel, non-
intersecting shafts. Because the tooth contact is
a point, their load carrying capacity is low and
they are not suitable for large power
transmission. Since power is transmitted by the
sliding of the tooth surfaces, it is necessary to
pay attention to lubrication when using screw
gears. There are no restrictions as far as the
combinations of number of teeth.
MITER GEAR
Miter gears are bevel gears with a speed ratio of
1. They are used to change the direction of power
transmission without changing speed. There are
straight miter and spiral miter gears. When using
the spiral miter gears it becomes necessary to
consider using thrust bearings since they produce
thrust force in the axial direction. Besides the
usual miter gears with 90° shaft angles, miter
gears with any other shaft angles are called
angular miter gears.
SCREW GEAR
A screw shape cut on a shaft is the worm, the
mating gear is the worm wheel, and together on
non-intersecting shafts is called a worm gear.
Worms and worm wheels are not limited to
cylindrical shapes. There is the hour-glass type
which can increase the contact ratio, but
production becomes more difficult. Due to the
sliding contact of the gear surfaces, it is
necessary to reduce friction. For this reason,
generally a hard material is used for the worm,
and a soft material is used for worm wheel. Even
though the efficiency is low due to the sliding
contact, the rotation is smooth and quiet. When
the lead angle of the worm is small, it creates a
self-locking feature.
INTERNAL GEAR
Internal gears have teeth cut on the inside of
cylinders or cones and are paired with external
gears. The main use of internal gears are for
planetary gear drives and gear type shaft
couplings. There are limitations in the number of
teeth differences between internal and external
gears due to involute interference, trochoid
interference and trimming problems. The
rotational directions of the internal and external
gears in mesh are the same while they are
opposite when two external gears are in mesh.

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