Ayuassignment 2
Ayuassignment 2
Ayuassignment 2
ADDIS ABABA
UNIVERSITY
2
Institute of Technology
School of Electrical and Computer
Engineering
Control Extension Msc. Program
Subject: Analytical &Computational method
in Eng.
Student name: Ayantu Getachew
Id: GSE/0264/12
Instructor: Dr.Murad.R
May 4/2020, Addis Ababa Ethiopia
3
Exercise 1.3
1. Find all roots of
1
(a) ( 1+i ) 3
1 −1 π
Let r=√ 1+1=√ 2 tanϴ= =¿ ϴ=tan (1 ) =
1 4
1 1 1
n n n
z =r ⟦ cos ( 2 kπ +ϴ )+ i sin(2kπ + ϴ) ⟧
1 1
2 kπ +ϴ 2 kπ +ϴ
1
n
z =¿
n
r cos ( (
n
+i sin( )n
) ) n
1 1
2 kπ +ϴ 2 kπ +ϴ
1
(1+1) = r ( √2) cos
3
( 3
3
+i sin( ⟦ (3
) ) ⟧) 3
1
8 k +1 8 k +1
6
2 cos
⟦ ( ) 3
π +i sin(
3
)π
⟧
Put k= 0, 1, 2 we can get
π π
K=0
1
[
=2 6 cos +isin
3 3 ]
1
K=1 =2 6 [ cos (3 π )+isin( 3 π )]
(17) π
K=2
1
= 2 6 cos [ (17)π
3
+isin
3 ]
4
1
(d) (−i ) 6
Solution
3π 3π
1 1
U 6 =(−i ) , Z =1 cos
6 6 2
((
+2 kπ
6
+ isin
2
6 ) (
+2 kπ
)
3 π + 4 kπ 3 π + 4 kπ
( (
¿ 1 cos
12 ) (
+isin
12 ))
For the value of k from 0 to 5 the roots of Z given as below:-
3 π +8 π 3 π+ 8 π 11π 11 π
( (
k =2 , Z 3= cos
12 ) (
+isin
12
= cos )) ( ( ) ( ))
12
+isin
12
3 π + 12 π 3 π +12 π 5π 5π
( (
k =3 , Z 4 = cos
12 ) (
+isin
12
= cos
4 )) ( ( ) ( ))
+isin
4
3 π +16 π 3 π + 16 π 19 π 19 π
k =4 , Z 5= cos
( ( 12 ) (
+isin
12
= cos )) ( ( ) ( ))
12
+isin
12
3 π +20 π 3 π +20 π 23 π 23 π
( (
k =5 , Z 6= cos
12 ) (
+isin
12
= cos )) ( ( ) ( ))
12
+isin
12
1
These are all distinct roots of (−i ) 6 .
5
(a) x 7 + x 4 + x 3+1=0
Given
x 7 + x 4 + x 3+1=0
x 4 ( x 3+ 1 )+ 1 ( x 3 +1 )=0
( x 3 +1 ) ( x 4 +1 )=0
By de-movre’s theorem
π π
N=0 cos +isin
4 4
6
3π 3π
N=1 cos +isin
4 4
5π 5π
N=2 cos +isin
4 4
7π 7π
N=3 cos +isin
4 4
Also
By de-movre’s theorem
Put n=0, 1, 2
π π
N=0 cos +i sin
3 3
5π 5π
N=2 cos +i sin
3 3
( 1+ x )3=i ( 1−x )3
( 1+ x )3
( 1+ x )3=i ( 1−x )3 ; 3
=i
(1−x )
1+ x 3 3
( )
1−x
=i We have
1+ x
=−i; 1+ x=−i ( 1−x ) ; 1+ x=−i+ix ; x (1−i )=−( i+1)
1−x
7
− (i+1 )
∗( i+1 ) 2i
1−i i 2+i+i+1 −1+i+i+ 1 = =i
if werationalize x ; x= =2 = 2
(i+1 ) i +i−i−1 −1+i−i−1
1. z 3
Solution
z=x +iy
2 2 3
3 3
z =( x +iy ) = x 3+¿ 3i x y−3 x y −i y ¿
u=x3 −3 x y 2
v=(3 x 2 y− y 3)
1
2.
1−z
Solution
8
z=x +iy
1 1
¿
1−z 1−( x+ iy )
1 1 (1−x +iy)
¿ =
1−x−iy 1−x−iy (1−x +iy)
1−x+iy
=
( 1−x )2+ y 2
1−x
¿
(1−x )2+ y 2
1−x y
u ( x . y ) +iv ( x . y )=¿ 2 2
+i
( 1−x ) + y ( 1−x )2 + y 2
1−x y
u= 2 2
v=
( 1− x ) + y (1−x )2+ y 2
3. e 3 z
Solution
z=x +iy
e 3 z =e 3 (x+ iy )
¿ e 3 x .e 3 iy
u=e3 x cos 3 y
v=e 3 x sin3 y
4. lnz
9
Solution
z=r e−iθ
Then
ln z=ln r e iθ
=ln r + ln eiθ
So
u=ln r∧v=ln e iθ
By data given
w=z−ź
z=x +iy
z=x−iy
¿ 0+2 yi
Then u ( x . y )=0
v ( x . y )=2 y
10
∂y 2 ∂y
= ( 0 )=0 =0
∂x 2x ∂x
∂y 2 ∂y
= ( 0 ) =0 =2
∂x 2y ∂x
ux ≠ vy , vy ≠−vy
(e) z| z|
Solution:-
¿( x +iy) √ x 2 + y 2
u+iv=x √ x 2+ y 2+iy √ x 2 + y 2
u=x √ x 2+ y 2
∂u 1
¿ =√ x 2+ y 2+ x . 2 2 ∗2 x
∂x √x +y
2 x2 + y2
¿
√ x2 + y2
∂u x∗1 xy
¿ = ∗2 y= 2 2
∂ y 2 √x + y
2 2
√x + y
Also v= y √ x 2 + y 2
∂v 1 2y
= y . 2 2∗2 x= 2 2
∂x √x + y √x +y
∂v 2 2 1 x 2 +2 y 2
=√x + y + y ∗2 y=
∂y 2 √ x2 + y2 √ x2 + y2
∂v
∧∂ v
∂u ∂ y ∂v
≠ ≠−
∂x ∂y ∂x
Solution
z=x +iy
i
∗( x−iy )
x +iy ix+ y
¿ = 2 2
( x−iy ) x +y
y x
¿ 2 2
+i 2 2
x +y x +y
y
u=
x + y2
2
x
v=
x + y2
2
∂ u −2 xy ∂ v y 2−x 2
= & =
∂ x x 2+ y 2 ∂ x x2 + y2
∂u x 2− y 2 ∂ v −2 xy
=
=
∂ y x2+ y2 ∂ y x 2+ y 2
∂u ∂v ∂u −∂ v
Then = and =
∂x ∂ y ∂y ∂x
ℜZ
(g). f ( z )= ℑ Z
ℜZ x
f ( z )=u+ iv ; = +i0
ℑZ y
x x
f ( z )=u+ iv= + i0 ; f ( z )=u= ∧v=0 ;
y y
∂u ∂ v
since f ' ( z)= +i ; f ( z ) is analytic if u∧v must satisfy
∂x ∂ y
∂v
∧∂ u
∂u ∂ y −∂ v
C−R equation = = ; now differentiate f (z)
∂x ∂y ∂x
1
∧∂ u
∂u ∂ x y ∂ x −x
=
∂x ∂ x y
= ()
∂y
=
∂y y
= 2;
y ()
∂v
∧∂ v
∂x
since v=0 ; does n' t exist
∂x
∂v
∧∂ u
∂u ∂ y −∂ v
C−R equqtion = = is not satisfied
∂x ∂y ∂x
ℜZ
f ( z )=u+ iv ; is not analaytic
IMG Z
14
Exercise 1.6
(b) Determine an analytic function whose real part is e 2 x ( xcos 2 y − y sin2 y )
The A.F f ( z )=u+ ivgiven that real part,
u=e 2 x ( xcos 2 y− ysin2 y ) i … … … … … … … … .i
Differentiate w . r . t . x
Differentiate w . r . t . y
uy=e2 x [ −2 xsin 2 y−2 ycos 2 y−sin 2 y ]
uy=−e2 x [ 2 xsin 2 y+2 ycos 2 y +sin 2 y ] … … … … iii
Consider,
f ( x )=ux +ivx
ux=vy∧vx=−uy
f , ( z )=ux+ ivx
f , ( z )=ux−iuy
Putting:- x=z , y =0
15
e2 z 2z e2 z
¿ +2 e − +c
2 2
f ( z )=z e 2 z +c
(C) Find p such that the function f ( z )=r 2 cos ( 2 θ ) +ir sin ( pθ ) is analytic
f ( z )=u+ iv
Letz=x +iy
z=r e iθ
f ( z )=u+ iv=f (r e iθ )
∂u 1 ∂ v
=
∂r r ∂θ
∂ v −1 ∂u ∂ u ∂ v
= ∨ =
∂r r ∂θ ∂ θ ∂ θ
∂u
=2r cos θ … … … … … … … … … eqn ¿)
∂r
16
∂v
=2 r cos θ … … … … … … … … … eqn(2)
∂θ
1
2 r cos θ= p r 2 cos pθ
r
p=2