EH2275A Manual
EH2275A Manual
EH2275A Manual
EH2275A
⚫ Outputs
• 10 High-Side Drivers
• 26 Low Side Drivers
(10 of which could be configured as
PWM outputs)
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Tel: +1 248-891-6965
CONTENTS
VCU Introduction............................................................................................. 5
Specifications .................................................................................................. 7
Connector ....................................................................................................... 9
Pinouts .......................................................................................................... 10
Power ............................................................................................................ 16
VCU Power.............................................................................................. 16
DRVP....................................................................................................... 17
Sensor Power Supply .............................................................................. 18
VPWR Control Logic ................................................................................ 19
Inputs ............................................................................................................ 20
Digital Inputs .......................................................................................... 20
Analog Inputs ......................................................................................... 21
Frequency Inputs .................................................................................... 23
Outputs ......................................................................................................... 24
Low Side Outputs ................................................................................... 24
High Side Outputs ................................................................................... 25
VCU Introduction
Vehicle Control Unit, or VCU, is the master controller of an electric or hybrid vehicle.
VCU receives sensors and driver input signals, including pedal inputs, vehicle speed signals, and
other inputs, manages the system energy, commands the driver demanded torque to powertrain,
coordinates vehicle components, runs fault diagnosis and determines the overall vehicle
drivability.
VCU is the master of the vehicle control network, or CAN bus-based network.
VCU Features
Chapter 2 Hardware
Specifications
Mechanical Dimensions
Unit: mm
Connector
Ecotrons VCUs use the automotive rated connector, made by Tyco Electronics, which meets the
automotive safety requirements. The following table lists parts of the connector. Customers can
buy their own connector parts to make the harness, or they can ask Ecotrons to buy for them.
Pinouts
4
GND VCU ground
5
119
DRVP Power of HSOs, LSOs
120
96
97
PGND DRVP ground
88
89
5V2_1 16
5V2_2 22
5V2_3 38
5V3_1 19
5V3_2 35 5V sensor supply Maximum current: 100mA
Voltage supply: 5V±2%
5V3_3 41
5V4_1 53
5V4_2 56 *See page 18 for application note
5V4_3 59
17
20
23
36
GND 39 Sensor ground
42
54
57
60
81
74
GND 76 Sensor ground
78
80
Active-high: ≥9V
KEYON 24 VCU key switch, AI 27 Voltage range: 9-32V
*See page 19 for application note
Active-high: ≥9V
WAKEUP 27 Wake-up input
Voltage range: 9-32V
CAN A_H 64 CAN A_H Built-in 120 Ω terminal resistor, CAN
CAN A_L 65 CAN A_L wake-up function
CAN B_H 25 CAN B_H
No terminal resistor
CAN B_L 26 CAN B_L
CAN C_H 7 CAN C_H
No terminal resistor
CAN C_L 8 CAN C_L
CAN D_H 45 CAN D_H
No terminal resistor
CAN D_L 46 CAN D_L
LIN1 9 LINBUS
FlexRay_P 63 FlexRay_P
FlexRay_N 44 FlexRay_N
AI01 15
AI02 18
AI03 21
AI04 34 A/D resolution: 12bit
Analog inputs
AI05 37 Input voltage range: 0-5V
AI06 40
AI08 55
*See page 21 for application note
AI09 58
AI07 52 A/D resolution: 12bit
AI11 61 Analog inputs Input voltage range: 0-5V
AI12 73 Pull-up resistor: 10K
DI08 49
DI09 48
DI10 13
DI11 31
DI12 68
DI13 67
DI14 47
DI15 29 Digital inputs Active-high: ≥8V
Input voltage range: 0-32V
DI16 10
DI17 28
DI18 12 *See page 20 for application note
DI19 30
Resolution: 0.1Hz
SPEED1 71 Frequency inputs Input frequency range: 15Hz – 2kHz
*See page 23 for application note
High-side drivers
HSO02 107 2A continuous *See page 25 for application note
HSO03 110
HSO05 82
HSO06 90
HSO07 98
High-side drivers 0.5A continuous
HSO08 106
HSO09 62
HSO10 2
LSO01 114
LSO02 121
LSO03 117 2A continuous
Low-side drivers *See page 24 for application note
LSO04 115
LSO05 116
LSO06 118
LSO07 112
LSO08 113
LSO09 105
Low-side drivers 1A continuous
LSO10 95
LSO11 111
LSO12 87
LSO13 84
LSO14 92 0.5A continuous
Low-side drivers
LSO15 91
LSO16 83
LSO21 100 0.2A continuous
Output frequency range: 15Hz – 2kHz
LSO22 103 PWM outputs
LSO23 85 *See page 24 for application note
LSO24 93
LSO25 101 0.2A continuous
LSO26 104 Output frequency range: 15Hz – 2kHz
LSO27 99
*See page 24 for application note
LSO28 102
LSO29 94
LSO30 86
System Example
• This simple system diagram provides a sample application for VCU hardware resource. It
only illustrates the some typical connections. The full wiring connection is to be defined for
specific user applications.
Power
VCU Power
• Always connect all available power supply pins to allow maximum current capability,
because each power pin only allows limited current through. To avoid current overload on
certain pins, and to avoid the potential damage, all power pins should be connected even
they seem to be redundant.
• The total current through VCU is as maximum 15A.
• Analog input channel AI28 is internally connected to BATT for VCU power supply voltage
measurement. Its input voltage range is 0-36V with 12 bits resolution.
• ‘Read ADC Volt’ block in EcoCoder could be used to read voltage of BATT, please refer to ‘0-
36 V Analog Voltage Input’ part of section 4.2.2 for block setting details.
Example Diagram
DRVP
• DRVP pins are the power supply for HSOs, LSOs with PWM function.
• Connect the V+ to the DRVP input (Pin 119 and 120) and the V- to PGND (Pin 96, 97, 88, 89).
• For over-current protection, fuses with proper rating are recommended for DRVP power
supply.
Example Diagram
Example Diagram
• With BATT connected, VCU Power (VPWR) could be activated by KEYON, WAKEUP, FlexRay
Wake, CAN Wake and Power Delay signal.
• KEYON, WAKEUP are hardwire wake-up inputs with actual pins on the VCU connector. They
are active-high. KEYON is a typical key switch input. WAKEUP could be used for some
application that needs to wake up VCU. For example, to wake up the vehicle when charger
is plugged in.
• CAN Wake and FlexRay Wake are two wake-up signals controlled by the communication
bus drivers. The drivers constantly monitor CAN or FlexRay bus and could activate VPWR
when there is certain traffic detected on the bus.
• Power Delay signal is controlled by the low level software and it is used for VCU power-
down delay. This delay function provides the power to the VCU for an extended time
window after the user turning off the key-switch. During this extended time, or “after-run”,
VCU could do some “house-keeping” work, such as storing the critical data into non-volatile
memory (NVM).
• The user application software shall, before initiating the VCU shutdown process, make sure
all the wake-up signals mentioned above are not keeping the VCU awake:
• WAKEUP and KEYON inputs need to be low-asserted.
• Make sure there is no data traffic on CANA/FlexRay bus.
• Lastly trigger the EcoCoder power-down block.
• Notice: It is recommended to connect KEYON (Pin 24) to the actual vehicle key switch and
use the “Power Management Example” block in EcoCoder to manage the VCU and vehicle
shutdown process. Proved power management strategies are integrated in that block.
Inputs
Digital Inputs
• The digital inputs on EH2275A can be used to read the state of a digital input which shares
ground reference with VCU.
• There are two kinds of inputs:
• Active-high: EcoCoder block will read a default value of 0; When the input
voltage is ≥8 V, the EcoCoder block will read the input as 1.
• Active-low: EcoCoder block will read a default value of 1; When the input
voltage is ≤4.5 V, the EcoCoder block will read the input as 0.
Example Diagram
Analog Inputs
• EH2275A offers 14 analog inputs with 12bits resolution. Voltage input range is 0-5V.
• 0-5V analog inputs are capable of both resistance and voltage type inputs
• Dividing resistors are used for 0-36V analog inputs. AI16, 27, 28 are the three analog input
channels that can measure 0-36V input.
• Analog input channel AI28 is ONLY internally connected to BATT for VCU power supply
voltage measurement. It is of 12 bits resolution.
• Analog input channel AI27 is ONLY internally connected to KEYON for switch signal
measurement. It is of 12 bits resolution.
• Analog input channel AI16 is recommended to connect to the actual vehicle ignition switch
for engine cranking. It is of 12 bits resolution.
• 0-36V analog voltage inputs have a voltage ratio of ‘(100 + 16) / 16’ as indicated by the
picture below.
• Select ‘Custom Voltage Ratio’ of ‘Input Type’ in EcoCoder block.
Frequency Inputs
• This VCU provides 2 PWM frequency input channels with pull-up resistors by default.
• The maximum resolution for frequency measurement could be configured to 0.1Hz.
• The measurable frequency range is 15Hz-2kHz.
Example Diagram
Outputs
• 6 channels x 2A continuous current, LSO 01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06.
• 6 channels x 1A continuous current, LSO 07, 08, 09, 10, 11, 12.
• 4 channels x 0.5A continuous current, LSO 13, 14, 15, 16.
• 10 PWM outputs x 0.2A continuous current. LSO 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30.
Example Diagram
• This VCU provides 10 high side outputs with overcurrent and overvoltage protection.
These drivers could be used as Boolean outputs for driving peripheral devices such as
relays, pumps, etc.
• 4 channels (HSO 01-04) x 2A continuous.
• 6 channel (HSO 05 - 10) X 0.5A continuous.
Communication Module
• This VCU provides 4 CAN channels– CAN A, CAN B, CAN C, CAN D, all of the four CAN
channels are CAN 2.0B high speed type.
• CAN A has a built-in internal 120Ω terminal resistors, while there is no terminal resistor on
CAN B, C, D.
• CAN A supports VCU wake-up function, the VCU will be woken up by messages on the bus.
For example, after the KEYON goes to low, which initiates the VCU to sleep, the VCU will be
woken up as soon as there are messages on CAN A. This function could be used for
situation where VCU need to be turned on for certain applications, such as vehicle
charging.
CAN Bus
CANDH CANDL
VCU
CAN
Driver
CANCH CANCL
Driver
PC
Driver Driver
120Ω
CANAH CANAL CANBH CANBL
CAN Bus CAN Bus
(1) Driver layer: the data link layer of communication model, including the IO driver and CAN drive
of the microcontroller.
(2) Abstraction layer: the network layer of communication model. It is responsible for choosing
corresponding IOs, providing CAN channel initialization, CAN sender/receiver interface for the
service layer.
(3) Service layer: the interactive layer of communication model. The implementation of this layer
is based on the interface function provided by the abstraction layer and achieved with the
Simulink model and s-function.
(4) Application layer: with DBC file and customer’s Simulink model, specific CAN communication
setup based on user-defined parameters could be implemented in this layer.
Ecotrons VCU supports CCP-based online calibration, the VCU is compatible with EcoCAL, the
Ecotrons in-house calibration software, and other CCP-based calibration software such as INCA.
For more information about our calibration software EcoCAL, please refer to the EcoCAL User’s
Manual.
VCU 2275A comes with some advanced safety monitoring design, including independent dual
core hardware structure and three-level monitoring software architecture, to meet the system
safety level, up to ASIL-D.
The TC275 is Infineon 32-bit multi-core MCU and has three independent CPUs on chip (therefore
called “TriCore”). Of 3 CPUs, two have a monitoring core each, called Checker core. It meets the
automotive ISO26262 functional safety requirements, up to ASIL-D level. Overall, there are five
cores, three of them are user-programmable, two of them are monitoring cores and non-
programmable. EH2275A VCU uses the two independent CPUs with monitoring core. Each of two
independent CPUs has its own monitoring Checker. There is a 3rd CPU is reserved, not used. In
other words, EH2275 VCU uses 4 cores out of 5 on the TC275 chip. Each main core and monitoring
core run in lockstep mode, so they run / execute the same instruction all the time. After executing
each instruction, the results of the two cores will be compared. If the result is different, the
exception interrupt will be incurred and reported.
Independent dual core structure uses CPU0 and CPU1 for software development, each CPU has
three-level safety monitoring software running.
Software Architecture
• There are two parts of software inside the microcontroller, application software (ASW) and
basic software (BSW). BSW is also called “low level software”, and it is preloaded into
microcontroller by VCU manufacturer. ASW is usually created by the customer in Simulink
environment and programmed to VCU via CAN bus tool EcoFlash.
• BSW consist of three sub layers:
• Service layer includes system service, memory service and communication
service. This layer encapsulates the functions into different services which
would be directly called by Simulink blocks in application software.
• ECU* abstraction layer encapsulates drivers of microprocessor and
peripherals. Software and ECU hardware can be separated.
• Microprocessor and peripheral driver layer include drivers of microprocessor
and peripherals. Typically, microprocessor includes driver of watchdog, timer,
SPI, LIN, CAN, ADC, PWM and Flash. Peripheral includes drivers of HSO, LSO,
power management chip and CAN transceiver.
• Notice: ECU stands for electronic control unit. VCU is one kind of ECU.
For EcoCAL:
EcoCAL • Powerful calibration tool
Calibration and
INCA • CCP based
Measurement
CANape • Various integrated measurement tools
• Data logging and analysis
VCU Programming EcoFlash • CAN bus based programming tool
EcoCoder is an enhanced auto code generation library added on top of Simulink’s generic
Embedded Coder.
It is specifically designed for Ecotrons hardware and it links the Simulink models directly to the
target hardware, providing users the capability to generate the production code by ‘ONE CLICK’.
For more details, please refer to the EcoCoder User Manual.
EcoFlash is a simple PC based software to program the controller, using CAN bus with a typical
CAN-USB adapter. Ecotrons VCU comes with a typical bootloader pre-programmed. The
programming uses either the CCP based protocols or UDS based.
For more details, please refer to Ecotrons EcoFlash User Manual.
The tables list the standard tests done according to the ISO or SAE standards, by VCU
manufacturer or the third party, which is an authorized certification institute.