LCCI International Qualifications

Accounting (IAS)
Level 3

Model Answers
Series 4 2012 (3902)

For further Tel. +44 (0) 8707 202909

information Email. [email protected]
contact us: www.lcci.org.uk
Accounting (IAS) Level 3
Series 4 2012

How to use this booklet

Model Answers have been developed by EDI to offer additional information and guidance to Centres,
teachers and candidates as they prepare for LCCI International Qualifications. The contents of this
booklet are divided into 3 elements:

(1) Questions – reproduced from the printed examination paper

(2) Model Answers – summary of the main points that the Chief Examiner expected to
see in the answers to each question in the examination paper,
plus a fully worked example or sample answer (where applicable)

(3) Helpful Hints – where appropriate, additional guidance relating to individual

questions or to examination technique

Teachers and candidates should find this booklet an invaluable teaching tool and an aid to success.

EDI provides Model Answers to help candidates gain a general understanding of the standard
required. The general standard of model answers is one that would achieve a Distinction grade. EDI
accepts that candidates may offer other answers that could be equally valid.

© Education Development International plc 2012

All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or
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Question 1

The Treasurer of the Hill Social Club has, in error, paid an electricity bill for $710, twice. This payment
was also entered in the books twice. The bill was in respect of consumption for the three month period
ending on 31 May 2012.

The electricity supplier has acknowledged the double payment and it has been agreed that it will be
offset against future bills. At 30 June 2012, the club’s year end, it was estimated that $300 worth of
electricity had been consumed since 31 May 2012.

Required

(a) Prepare, for the Treasurer of the Hill Social Club, a journal entry enabling the correct charge for
electricity to be shown in the Income and Expenditure Account for the year ended 30 June 2012.
A narrative is required.
(3 marks)

For several years (including the year ended 30 June 2011) the restaurant of the Social Club had a
gross profit to revenue ratio of around 40%. For the year ended 30 June 2012 it was only 28.75%.
Extracts from the restaurant Income Statement for that year are as follows

$ $
Revenue 80,000
Cost of goods sold: Opening inventory 7,000
Purchases 60,000
67,000
Closing inventory 10,000 57,000
Gross profit 23,000

The Treasurer, who suspects goods may have been stolen, has asked the Restaurant Manager to
explain the reduction in gross profit to revenue ratio. The Restaurant Manager has made the following
suggestions:

(i) there has been a change in revenue mix: more low margin biscuits have been sold and fewer
high margin cakes have been sold.
(ii) the opening inventory may have been over valued as the inventory count was not supervised last
year.

Required

(b) Calculate the cost of the goods which may have been stolen during the year ended
30 June 2012, on the assumption that the gross profit to revenue ratio should have been 40%.
(3 marks)

(c) Calculate the selling price of the goods which may have been stolen during the year ended
30 June 2012, on the assumption that the gross profit to revenue ratio should have been 40%.
(2 marks)

(d) Assess whether or not each of the Restaurant Manager’s suggestions could provide an
explanation for the fall in the gross profit to revenue ratio.
(4 marks)

(e) List three possible explanations for the fall in gross profit to revenue ratio, other than theft and
the suggestions of the Restaurant Manger.
(3 marks)

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Question 1 continued

Dock, Road and Beach have been in partnership, without a partnership agreement, for two years with
fixed capitals of $8,000, $10,000 and $12,000 respectively. A partnership agreement was drawn up for
year three, under which annual profits were to be divided as follows:

(1) Dock to receive an annual salary of $3,000

(2) Interest on fixed capitals to be allowed at 5% per year
(3) Residual profit to be divided between Dock, Road and Beach in the ratio of 1:2:2 respectively.

Net profit for Year 3 is expected to be $45,000.

Required

(f) Calculate the gain or loss to each partner in Year 3, from having no agreement to having an
agreement.
(6 marks)
Dock suggests that his salary should be increased to $7,500 per year.

(g) Calculate the gain or loss Dock will make if this suggestion is included in a revised
partnership agreement, as compared with each of the following:

(i) having no partnership agreement

(ii) accepting the terms of the original partnership agreement.
(4 marks)

(Total 25 marks)

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Model Answer to Question 1
Syllabus Topic 1: Levels 1 and 2 revisited

(a) Journal entry $ $

Dr Cr
Other receivables (710 – 300) 410 1
Electricity expense 410 1

To recognise the payment in advance for electricity 1

(3 marks)
(b) Cost of goods stolen $

Expected gross profit (80,000 x .40) 32,000 2

Actual gross profit 23,000 1
Cost of goods stolen 9,000
(3 marks)
(c) Sales value of goods stolen

Cost of goods stolen x mark-up

9,000 x 100/60 = $15,000
1of 1
(2 marks)

(d) Restaurant Manager’s suggestions

(i) The change from a high margin product to a low margin product would lower the average
gross profit to revenue percentage. However as cakes and biscuits are likely to be only a
small part of the restaurant sales, such a change is unlikely to explain such a large fall.
2
(ii) The absence of supervision at inventory count, causing the opening inventory to be over
valued, would reduce the year’s gross profit to revenue percentage. However, this would
also increase the previous year’s gross profit to revenue percentage. As the previous year’s
percentage was around the normal 40%, this explanation is also unlikely.
2
(4 marks)

(e) Possible additional explanations

Expenses paid out of takings but not recorded
Purchases paid for but not delivered
Customers being undercharged or limited to cash sales customers
Inventory sold on credit not recorded
Any 3 x 1

(3 marks)

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Model Answer to Question 1 continued

(f) Gain or loss for each partner

Dock Road Beach
$ $ $
No agreement 45,000 (1:1:1) 15,000 15,000 15,000 1½

$ $ $ $ $
Agreement: 45,000
Salary: Dock 3,000 3,000 ½
Interest 5% : Dock 400 400 ½
Road 500 500 ½
Beach 600 600 ½
( 4,500)
Residual profit (1:2:2) 40,500 8,100 16,200 16,200 1½
11,500 16,700 16,800

$ $ $
Gain/(Loss) (3,500) 1,700 1,800 1of

(6 marks)

(g) Gain or loss for Dock

Dock Road Beach
$ $ $ $ $
Revised agreement : 45,000
Salary: Dock 7,500 7,500 ½
Interest 5% 1,500 400 ½ 500 600
( 9,000)
Residual profit (1:2:2) 36,000 7,200 1 14,400 14,400
15,100 14,900 15,000

(i) Compared with no agreement (15,100 – 15,000) $100 gain 1of

(ii) Compared with original agreement (15,100 – 11,500) $3,600 gain 1of
(4 marks)

(Total 25 marks)

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Question 2

Pier, a limited company, has provided the following (correctly calculated) information for its Statement of
Cash Flows for the eleven months ended 31 May 2012:

$000 $000
Operating profit before working capital changes 170
Decrease in inventories 20
Decrease in trade receivables 10
Increase in trade payables 5
Cash generated from operations 205
Debenture interest (10)
Net cash flow from operating activities 195

Cash flows from investing activities

Cash paid for non-current assets (40)
Net cash used in investing activities (40)

Cash flows from financing activities

Issue of debentures 50
Dividends paid (20)
Net cash used in financing activities 30
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 185

In the month ended 30 June 2012 the following occurred:

(1) Sales of $100,000. Pier achieved a net operating profit of 10% of revenue, before taking into
consideration any of the matters mentioned in (2) – (7) below.

(2) Non-current assets were purchased for $70,000. Non-current assets, with a carrying amount of
$30,000, were disposed of at a loss of $3,000.

(3) Depreciation was provided at 10%, on a reducing balance basis, on all non-current assets held at
the end of the year. The net book value of non-current assets at 1 July 2011 was $160,000.

(4) An interim dividend of $10,000 was paid.

(5) An issue of 200,000 $0.50 ordinary shares was made at a premium of 10%. $20,000 of
debentures were redeemed at par.

(6) Debenture interest of $10,000 was paid.

(7) Inventory increased by $2,000, before a provision for obsolete inventory of $3,000 was made.
Trade receivables decreased by $3,000, before writing off bad debts of $1,000 and making an
allowance for doubtful debts of $2,000. Trade payables increased by $1,000.

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Question 2 continued

Required

(a) Calculate the net operating profit for the year ended 30 June 2012.
(8 marks)
(b) Prepare the Statement of Cash Flows, in accordance with IAS 7, for the year ended
30 June 2012
(17 marks)

(Total 25 marks)

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Model Answer to Question 2
Syllabus Topic: 7 Cash Flow Statements

(a) Profit of Pier year ended 30 June 2012

$000
Profit to 31 May 2012 170 ½
Profit for June 2012 (100 x 10%) 10 1
Loss on disposal ( 3) 1
Depreciation for year [(160 + 40 + 70 – 30) x 10%] (24) 2½
Provision for obsolete inventory ( 3) 1
Bad debts ( 1) 1
Allowance for doubtful debts ( 2) 1
147
(8 marks)
Pier
Statement of Cash Flows for the year ended 30 June 2012
(b)
$000 $000
Profit for the year 147 ½of
Adjustments for
Loss on disposal 3 1
Depreciation 24 1of
Operating profit before working capital changes 174
Decrease in inventories (20 - 2 + 3) 21 1½
Decrease in trade receivables (10 + 3 + 1 + 2) 16 2
Increase in trade payables (5 + 1) 6 1
Cash generated from operations 217 ½of
Debenture interest (10 + 10) (20) 1½
Net cash flow from operating activities 197

Cash flows from investing activities

Cash paid for non-current assets (40 + 70) (110) 1½
Cash received from sale of non-current assets (30 - 3) 27 1½
Net cash used in investing activities (83)

Cash flows from financing activities

Dividends paid (20 + 10) (30) 1½
Issue of debentures 50 ½
Redemption of debentures (20) 1
Proceeds from issue of shares (200,000 x 0.50 x 1.10) 110 1½
Net cash used in financing activities 110
Net increase in cash and cash equivalences 224 ½of

(17 marks)

(Total 25 marks)

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Question 3

On 1 January 2009 Platt, a private company, purchased twenty machines for $9,000 each.
Depreciation on them was charged at 15% per year, using the reducing balance method. Platt charges
depreciation on a monthly basis.

On 30 June 2010 four of the machines were destroyed in a fire and replaced, on 1 July 2010, with four
machines costing $9,900 each. Platt received $27,000 from its insurance company on 1 September
2010.

On 1 January 2011 it was decided to change to the straight line method of depreciation. It was
estimated that all machines would have a useful life of ten years from their date of purchase and a
scrap value of $450 each. The change in depreciation method was not expected to materially distort
future results.

Required

(a) Prepare the following Accounts for each of the three years ended 31 December 2009, 2010 and
2011:

(i) machinery at cost

(ii) accumulated depreciation on machinery
(iii) machinery disposal.

Note: Make all calculations to the nearest $1.

(19 marks)
During the year ended 30 June 2012 Cyres, a baker, purchased the following:

$
(1) Land 80,000
(2) Stationery 1,200
(3) Goods for resale 91,300
(4) Second hand car 3,100
(5) Office building 104,100
(6) Goodwill 71,100

Required

(b) Classify each of the above items as either capital expenditure or revenue expenditure.

For any item classified as capital expenditure state whether it is tangible or intangible.
(6 marks)

(Total 25 marks)

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Model Answer to Question 3
Syllabus Topic: 3 Valuation of non-current assets

(a)
Machinery at Cost Account
$ $
2009 Bank (20 x 9,000) 1 180,000 2009 Balance c/d 180,000
2010 Balance b/d 180,000 2010 Disposal (4 x 9,000) 36,000 1
Bank (4 x 9,900) 1 39,600 Balance c/d 183,600
219,600 219,600
2011 Balance b/d 183,600 2011 Balance c/d 183,600

Accumulated Depreciation on Machinery Account

$ $
2009 Balance c/d 27,000 2009 Income Statement 27,000 1
(.15 x 180,000)
2010 Disposal (W2) <2> 7,695 2010 Balance b/d 27,000
Balance c/d 42,930 Income Statement (W1) 23,625 <4>
50,625 50,625
2011 Balance c/d 58,701 2011 Balance b/d 42,930
15,771 Income Statement (W3) 15,771 <6>
58,701 58,701

Machinery Disposal Account

$ $
2010 Machinery at cost ½of 36,000 2010 Acc. depr. on mach. 7,695 ½of
Bank 27,000 1
_____ Income Statement 1,305 1
36,000 36,000
(19 marks)

W1 16 machines 9,000 x 16 x .85 x .15 18,360 1

4 machines 9,000 x 4 x .85 x .15 x .5 2,295 1
4 machines 9,900 x 4 x .15 x .5 2,970 1
23,625 1of
<4>

W2 4 machines destroyed: 2009 9,000 x 4 x .15 5,400 1½

2010 as W1 2,295 ½of
7,695
<2>

W3 16 machines: carrying amount 9,000 x 16 x .85 x .85 104,040 1

scrap value 16 x 450 7,200 1
8 years 96,840 1of
∴1 year 12,105

4 new machines: carrying amount 9,900 x 4 (1 - .075) 36,630 1

scrap value x4 x 450 1,800 1
9.5 years 34,830 1of
∴1 year 3,666
Depreciation 2011 (12,105 + 3,666) 15,771 <6>

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Model Answer to Question 3 continued

(b) Classification of purchases

(1) capital (tangible) 1

(2) revenue 1
(3) revenue 1
(4) capital (tangible) 1
(5) capital (tangible) 1
(6) capital (intangible) 1

(6 marks)

(Total 25 marks)

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Question 4

Golf, a public company, acquired 180,000 of the 300,000 $1 ordinary shares of Club, a private
company, on 1 January 2008, at a cost of $4,000,000. At that date the credit balance on Club’s
Retained Earnings Account (the only reserve) was $3,000,000.

Required

(a) Calculate the goodwill arising on the acquisition of Club.

(3 marks)

During the year ended 31 December 2011, Club sold goods to Golf for $207,000, which included a
mark up of 15%. Half of the value of these goods remained in Golf’s inventory at 31 December 2011.
The values of the inventory in the Statement of Financial Positions of Golf and Club at that date were
$370,000 and $210,000 respectively.

Required

(b) Calculate the value of inventory that would appear in the Consolidated Statement of Financial
Position (formally the Balance Sheet) of Golf and Club at 31 December 2011.
(3 marks)

At 31 December 2011 the capital and reserves section of the Statement of Financial Position of each
company was as follows:
Golf Club
$ $
Ordinary share capital 700,000 300,000
Retained earnings 2,100,000 4,800,000

Required

(c) Calculate the consolidated retained earnings of Golf and Club at 31 December 2011. Assume
that goodwill has been impaired by 40% at 31 December 2011 and that the Non Controlling
Interest (formally Minority Interest) is to be charged with its share of unrealised profit in inventory.
(4 marks)

Main, a public company, has acquired over 50 subsidiary companies in the last few years. Summarised
financial information for three of them in respect of 2011 is given below:

Soken Arden Chase

$000 $000 $000
Revenue 7,000 19,200 253
Cost of sales 2,340 17,640 182
Average inventory 2 300 25
Average trade receivables 583 100 8

Cost of sales (in accordance with group policy) consists of direct labour cost and material cost.
Inventory is valued at material cost only.

Direct labour costs for the year were as follows:

$
Soken 2,336,000
Arden 2,000,000
Chase 30,000

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Question 4 continued

Required

(d) Calculate, for each company the inventory turnover ratio (in days) and two other ratios which will
assist in the analysis of their performance. All ratios should be calculated to one decimal point.
(6 marks)
Soken, Arden and Chase operate in three different business areas: a small antiques shop, the provision
of accounting services and a supermarket chain.

Required

(e) State, giving two reasons in each case, which company is in which business.
(9 marks)

(Total 25 marks)

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 Model Answer to Question 4
Syllabus Topic: 6 Accounting for groups of companies
Syllabus Topic: 8 Accounting ratios

(a) Goodwill on consolidation $ $

Cost 4,000,000 ½
Less: Share capital 300,000 ½
Retained earnings 3,000,000 ½
60% x 3,300,000 ½ 1,980,000
2,020,000 1F
(3 marks)

(b) Value of consolidated inventory $

Golf 370,000 ½
Club 210,000 ½
Unrealised profit (207,000 x .50 x 15/115) (13,500) 2
566,500
(3 marks)

(c) Consolidated retained earnings $ $

Golf 2,100,000 ½
Club [(4,800,000 – 3,000,000) x 60%] 1,080,000 1½
3,180,000
Less: Goodwill impaired (2,020,000 x 40%) 808,000 1of
Unrealised profit in inventory (13,500 x 60%) 8,100 1of 816,100
2,363,900
(4 marks)

(d)
Soken Arden Chase

Inventory turnover

2 x 365 = 182.5 days 1 300 x 365 = 7.0 days ½ 25 x 365 = 60.0 days ½
2,340 – 2,336 17,640 – 2,000 182 – 30

Gross profit to revenue

(7,000 – 2,340) x 100 = 66.6% 1 (19,200 – 17,640) x 100 = 8.1% ½ (253- 182) x 100 = 28.1% ½
7,000 19,200 253

Trade receivables collection period

583 x 365 = 30.4 days 1 100 x 365 = 1.9 days ½ 8 x 365 = 11.5 days ½
7,000 19,200 253

(6 marks)

(e) Business areas

(i) Soken - provision of accounting services 1
cost of sales is nearly all direct labour
very little inventory
high gross profit to revenue margin
clients on average pay monthly
any 2 x 1

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Model Answer to Question 4 continued

(ii) Arden - supermarket chain 1

high level of sales
very few receivables
very short receivable’s payment period
low gross profit to revenue margin
rapid inventory turnover
any 2 x 1

(iii) Chase - small antiques shop 1

low level of sales
relatively high inventory
relatively high receivables
relatively high profit to revenue margin
any 2 x 1
(9 marks)

(Total 25 marks)

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Question 5

The budgeted Cash Account of Guise, a limited company, for the month ending 31 December 2012 is as
follows:
$ $
Opening balance 32,000 Cash purchases 5,000
Cash sales 15,000 Trade payables (one month’s credit) 40,000
Trade receivables (one month’s credit) 60,000 Trade payables (two month’s credit) 22,000
Trade receivables (two month’s credit) 45,000 General expenses 11,000
Sale of non-current assets 6,000 Ordinary dividend 5,000
Purchase of non-current assets 2,000
73,000 Closing balance 73,000
158,000 158,000

Extracts from Guise’s Statement of Financial Position (formerly Balance Sheet) at 30 September 2012
(the company’s year end) are as follows:
$
Non-current assets (net book value) 200,000
Inventory 31,000
Share premium 48,000
Retained earnings 45,000

Further information is given below:

(1) 20% of each month’s sales are for cash; 50% of each month’s sales are expected to be received
in the month after sale; the remaining sales are expected to be received in the second month after
sale.

(2) The non-current assets budgeted to be sold in December originally cost $20,000 and had been
depreciated by $12,000. No depreciation is charged in the quarter in which a non current asset is
sold.

(3) 10% of each month’s purchases are for cash; 50% of each month’s purchases are expected to be
paid in the month after purchase; the remaining purchases are expected to be paid in the second
month after purchase.

(4) General expenses, which are always paid in cash, are expected to be 10% higher in December
than in November, and were 25% higher in November than in October.

(5) The non-current assets budgeted to be purchased in December are to be paid for in twelve equal
monthly instalments.

(6) The dividend to be paid on 15 December is at the rate of $0.05 per $1 share and is the only
dividend to be paid in the October to December quarter.

(7) A bonus (capitalisation) issue, of one new ordinary share for every two held will be made on 22
December 2012. This will make the maximum use of the non-distributable reserve.

(8) Inventory at 31 December 2012 is budgeted to be $40,000.

(9) No non-current assets are budgeted to be purchased or sold in October and November 2012.
Depreciation is to be provided at 5% per quarter on the net book value of non-current assets held
at 31 December 2012. A full quarter’s depreciation is charged in the quarter in which an asset is
purchased.

Required

Prepare the budgeted Income Statement for the three months (quarter) ending 31 December 2012 and
the budgeted Statement of Financial Position at that date.
(Total 25 marks)

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Model Answer to Question 5
Syllabus Topic 9: Budgetary control and appropriation

Guise
Budgeted Income Statement for three months ending 31 December 2012

$ $ $
Revenue - October (45,000 x 100/30) 150,000 1
November (60,000 x 100/50) 120,000 1
December (15,000 x 100/20) 75,000 1
345,000
Less : Cost of goods sold :
Opening inventory 31,000 ½
Purchases - October (22,000 x 100/40) 55,000 1
November (40,000 x 100/50) 80,000 1
December (5,000 x 100/10) 50,000 185,000 1
216,000
Less : Closing inventory 40,000
176,000 ½
Gross profit 169,000
Less : General expenses – December 11,000 1
November (11,000 / 110%) 10,000 1
October (10,000 / 125%) 8,000 29,000 ½
Loss on disposal of non-current assets [(20,000 – 12,000) – 6,000] 2,000 1
Depreciation {[200,000 + (2,000 x 12) – 8,000] x 5%} 10,800 41,800 2
Net profit 127,200

Guise
Budgeted Statement of Financial Position at 31 December 2012

$ $ $
Non-current Assets 205,200 2
[200,000 + (2,000 x 12) – 8,000 – 10,800]
Current Assets
Inventory 40,000 ½
Trade receivables - November (120,000 x 0.30) 36,000 1
December (75,000 x 0.80) 60,000 96,000 1
Bank 73,000 ½
209,000
Total assets 414,200

Equity and liabilities

Capital and reserves
Ordinary share capital (5,000 x 100/5 = 100,000 + 50,000) 150,000 1½
Share premium (48,000 – 48,000) - ½
Retained earnings (45,000 + 127,200 – 5,000 – 5,000 + 48,000) 165,200 2½
315,200
Current liabilities
Trade payables – November (80,000 x 0.4) 32,000 1
– December (50,000 x 0.9) 45,000 1
77,000
Trade payables – non-current assets (2,00 x 11) 22,000 99,000 1
Total equity and liabilities 414,200

(Total 25 marks)

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 EDI
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Tel. +44 (0) 8707 202909

Fax. +44 (0) 2476 516505
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