Ipr Creation, Development, Protection and Information Dissemination
Ipr Creation, Development, Protection and Information Dissemination
Ipr Creation, Development, Protection and Information Dissemination
INFORMATION DISSEMINATION
1.0 Introduction
It is being increasingly acknowledged world over that competitiveness
of an enterprise and its ability to capture the market, depend largely on its
ability to manage “internal” environment on developing innovative
technologies. The development of new technologies and industries not only
depend on the ingenuity of the scientists, engineers and others but also on
investments, particularly, on research & development and setting up of new
enterprises. The investments costs in research & development is also
increasing rapidly along with the competitiveness. Under the circumstances,
protection of the innovations resulting from R & D programs, gain greater
importance in the modern times.
2.4 Patents
Patents are legal rights granted for new inventions employing scientific
and technical knowledge. A patent confers on its holder certain exclusive right
for a limited period (usually called “term”) for the new inventions disclosed in
the patent. Examples: TV, new drugs, process for preparation of a new
substance, new pigment composition, etc.
The subject of Patent, which involves scientific & legal issues, is
relatively complicated as compared with the other species of intellectual
property like designs, trade marks & copyrights. Moreover the grant of patent
rights has to strike a balance between different conflicting interests such as:
between keeping valuable technical information as trade secrets and disclosing
such information, between public and private interests of the inventor /
industry, between exclusive rights and promoting competition and particularly
in developing countries between the interests of indigenous industry and
transnational corporations.
2.4 (a) What are the main criteria for securing patent?
The main criteria for securing patents are that the invention which is to
be protected (i) should be novel (ii) should have the inventive step (otherwise
referred to as non obvious) and (iii) should have utility.
A patent confers on its holder the exclusive right for a limited period
(usually called “term”) the rights to the new inventions disclosed.
2.7 Copyrights
Copyright is basically the right to copy and make use of the literary,
dramatic, musical, artistic works, cinematographic films, records and
broadcast. Copyrights is a proprietary right and comes into existence as soon
as the work is created. In early days the concept of copyright had its origin
under the Common Law. Subsequently it came to be governed by the statutory
laws of each country. The main criteria for the copyright registration is its
originality. Examples: poems, artistic drawings, paintings, computer software /
programs, etc.
These main Sections are further divided and sub divided into more than
90,000 minute groups and subgroups in various fields making it easy to
retrieve the required specific information in a specific field precisely, quickly
& easily. A copy of the Handbook of IPC can be procured from World
Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), 34, Chemin des Columbettes,
Geneva. It is also available in CD-ROM. It can also be retrieved form the
website of WIPO, which is www.wipo.org.