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    Load Test On DC Shunt Motor

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    sanju
    1) The document describes a procedure to determine the load characteristics of a DC shunt motor using a direct loading method. Key equipment includes ammeters, voltmeters, rheostats, and a tachometer. 2) The circuit diagram shows the connections for the direct load test, including the 18 ohm and 200 ohm rheostats used to control motor speed. Load is applied using a brake drum connected to a spring scale. 3) Motor performance is measured at various loads by recording voltage, current, speed, and load. Calculations are made to determine output power, efficiency, and torque-speed characteristics. Graphs are plotted to analyze the results.

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    Load Test On DC Shunt Motor

    Uploaded by

    sanju
    2K views6 pages
    1) The document describes a procedure to determine the load characteristics of a DC shunt motor using a direct loading method. Key equipment includes ammeters, voltmeters, rheostats, and a tachometer. 2) The circuit diagram shows the connections for the direct load test, including the 18 ohm and 200 ohm rheostats used to control motor speed. Load is applied using a brake drum connected to a spring scale. 3) Motor performance is measured at various loads by recording voltage, current, speed, and load. Calculations are made to determine output power, efficiency, and torque-speed characteristics. Graphs are plotted to analyze the results.

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    1) The document describes a procedure to determine the load characteristics of a DC shunt motor using a direct loading method. Key equipment includes ammeters, voltmeters, rheostats, and a tachometer. 2) The circuit diagram shows the connections for the direct load test, including the 18 ohm and 200 ohm rheostats used to control motor speed. Load is applied using a brake drum connected to a spring scale. 3) Motor performance is measured at various loads by recording voltage, current, speed, and load. Calculations are made to determine output power, efficiency, and torque-speed characteristics. Graphs are plotted to analyze the results.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    2K views6 pages

    Load Test On DC Shunt Motor

    Uploaded by

    sanju
    1) The document describes a procedure to determine the load characteristics of a DC shunt motor using a direct loading method. Key equipment includes ammeters, voltmeters, rheostats, and a tachometer. 2) The circuit diagram shows the connections for the direct load test, including the 18 ohm and 200 ohm rheostats used to control motor speed. Load is applied using a brake drum connected to a spring scale. 3) Motor performance is measured at various loads by recording voltage, current, speed, and load. Calculations are made to determine output power, efficiency, and torque-speed characteristics. Graphs are plotted to analyze the results.

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    Electrical Machines Lab - 2

    EXPT. No:
    DATE:
    LOAD TEST ON D.C. SHUNT MOTOR

    AIM: To determine the load characteristics of D.C. Shunt motor by direct


    loading method.

    APPARATUS:
    Meter : Range Quantity
    Ammeter (MC) : 0 – 20 A 1 No.
    Voltmeter (MC) : 0 – 300 V 1 No.
    Rheostats : 18 Ohm 1 each
    200 Ohm
    Tachometer : 1No.

    CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

    THEORY: Student should write about the following:


    1. Shunt Motor Characteristics and applications
    2. Brake method of testing, it advantages and disadvantages.

    PROCEDURE:
    1. Connections are made as shown in the circuit diagram.
    2. With 18 Ohms rheostat in cut-in position, 200 Ohms rheostat cut – out
    position and the spring balance reading zero, the supply switch is closed.
    3. The motor speed is brought to the rated value by cutting out the 18 Ohm
    rheostat and if necessary adding some resistance from the 200 Ohm
    rheostat.
    4. The motor is under no load condition, the meter readings and the speed of
    the motor are noted down in the tabular column.
    5. Before loading the motor, pour some water into the brake drum to reduce
    the heat due to friction between the belt and brake drum.
    6. Load the motor in steps and at every load note down all readings in the
    tabular column. Motor can be loaded up to its rated value
    7. Load on the motor is reduced, speed of the motor is decrease and the
    supply switch is opened.
    8. The radius of brake drum can be calculated by measuring the
    circumference.

    Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Page 1


    Bangalore Institute of Technology, Bangalore – 560 004
    Electrical Machines Lab - 2

    0 – 20 A
    MC
    A
    + -
    220 Ohm
    Cut-Out 18 Ohm
    Cut-In

    +
    + Z S1
    V S2
    A
    V 0 – 300V
    -
    - MC
    230 Volt,
    S M
    DC Supply
    ZZ
    Brake
    AA drum

    CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR THE DIRECT LOAD TEST (BRAKE TEST) ON DC SHUNT MOTOR

    Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Page 2


    Bangalore Institute of Technology, Bangalore – 560 004
    Electrical Machines Lab - 2

    OBSERVATIONS:
    NAME PLATE DETAILS
    Rating :
    Rated Voltage :
    Rated Input current :
    Rated field current :
    Rated load speed :

    TABULAR COLUMN:

    S. Input Input Speed, N Scale reading S1 ~


    No. Voltage, Current, I rpm in Kg S2
    V Volt Amp S1 S2 Kg

    Circumference of brake drum = cm.

    CALCULATIONS:

    Radius of the brake drum, R = Circumference / 2π

    Torque in Kg –m = (S1 ~ S2) X radius R in meter.

    Torque in N –m = (S1 ~ S2) X radius R in meter X 9.81


    2𝜋𝑁
    Output of Motor in Watt = Torque in N-m X , where N is the speed in rpm.
    60

    Input to Motor in Watt = V X I

    Percent Efficiency = Output x 100 / input

    Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Page 3


    Bangalore Institute of Technology, Bangalore – 560 004
    Electrical Machines Lab - 2

    Horse Power = Output / 746

    After calculating all the above parameters for different loads, the parameters
    must be tabulated.

    Graphs:
    Following graphs are to be plotted from the calculations:
    1. Speed Vs H.P
    2. Torque Vs H.P ALL GRAPHS SHOULD BE PLOTTED
    3. Efficiency Vs H.P ON A SINGLE GRAPH SHEET.
    4. Current Vs H.P TAKE HP ALONG X AXIS.

    5. Torque Vs Speed ON A SEPARATE GRAPH SHEET

    RESULT:

    Student should discuss the test results very briefly indicating the graphs
    plotted. They should also comment on the performance of the motor using
    the graphs plotted.

    Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Page 4


    Bangalore Institute of Technology, Bangalore – 560 004
    Electrical Machines Lab - 2

    Sample graphs:

    1 – Torque
    2 – Speed
    3 – Efficiency
    2 4 4 - Current

    HP
    Torque, T

    Speed
    S

    Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Page 5


    Bangalore Institute of Technology, Bangalore – 560 004
    Electrical Machines Lab - 2

    Answer the following questions:

    1. Why the d.c motor requires a starter.


    2. What is the function of the 18 Ohm rheostat connected in the given circuit
    diagram.
    3. Why the terminal voltage of the generator is maintained constant during the
    loading?
    4. Why the motors are not operated to develop maximum power in practice?
    5. Why the shaft torque is always less than that developed by the armature of a
    motor?
    6. How are the inter poles wound in a (i) generator (ii) motor?
    7. What type of d.c. motor is used in electric traction and why?
    8. What happens if the field terminals are reversed in the d.c. shunt motor?
    9. What happens if the armature terminals are reversed in the d.c. shunt motor?
    10.What happens if the line terminals of the shunt motors are reversed?
    11.What happens if the d.c. series motor is started on no load?

    Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Page 6


    Bangalore Institute of Technology, Bangalore – 560 004

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