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    I E - P S: Ntroduction To Lectro Neumatic Ystem

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    John Paul Daliopac
    An electro-pneumatic system combines electrical and pneumatic components to control pneumatic devices. It integrates an electrical control circuit that operates pneumatic valves to control air pressure and flow. Electro-pneumatic systems offer advantages like reduced wear, replacement of tubes with wires, inclusion of sensors and controllers. Relays are used to allow low-voltage control of high-voltage devices. Solenoid valves convert electrical signals to pneumatic ones to control air flow. Indirect control systems using relays and PLCs enable remote control and switching of multiple valves.

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    I E - P S: Ntroduction To Lectro Neumatic Ystem

    Uploaded by

    John Paul Daliopac
    893 views25 pages
    An electro-pneumatic system combines electrical and pneumatic components to control pneumatic devices. It integrates an electrical control circuit that operates pneumatic valves to control air pressure and flow. Electro-pneumatic systems offer advantages like reduced wear, replacement of tubes with wires, inclusion of sensors and controllers. Relays are used to allow low-voltage control of high-voltage devices. Solenoid valves convert electrical signals to pneumatic ones to control air flow. Indirect control systems using relays and PLCs enable remote control and switching of multiple valves.

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    Introduction-to-Electro-Pneumatic-System-converted

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    An electro-pneumatic system combines electrical and pneumatic components to control pneumatic devices. It integrates an electrical control circuit that operates pneumatic valves to control air pressure and flow. Electro-pneumatic systems offer advantages like reduced wear, replacement of tubes with wires, inclusion of sensors and controllers. Relays are used to allow low-voltage control of high-voltage devices. Solenoid valves convert electrical signals to pneumatic ones to control air flow. Indirect control systems using relays and PLCs enable remote control and switching of multiple valves.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    893 views25 pages

    I E - P S: Ntroduction To Lectro Neumatic Ystem

    Uploaded by

    John Paul Daliopac
    An electro-pneumatic system combines electrical and pneumatic components to control pneumatic devices. It integrates an electrical control circuit that operates pneumatic valves to control air pressure and flow. Electro-pneumatic systems offer advantages like reduced wear, replacement of tubes with wires, inclusion of sensors and controllers. Relays are used to allow low-voltage control of high-voltage devices. Solenoid valves convert electrical signals to pneumatic ones to control air flow. Indirect control systems using relays and PLCs enable remote control and switching of multiple valves.

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    of 25

    INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRO-

    PNEUMATIC SYSTEM
    WHAT IS ELECTRO-PNEUMATIC?
    Definition :
    Electro-pneumatic term is defined from the
    words of electro which means electrical and
    pneumatic which means air pressure.
    The electro-pneumatics equipments and system
    is an integration of electrical and mechanical
    components with compressed air source.
    Electro pneumatic is a pneumatic control system
    where air pressure and direction of valve are
    controlled by an electrical current.
    ELECTRO-PNEUMATICS’ CIRCUIT
     Electro pneumatic is integration of two control
    circuit
    1. Pneumatic Circuit
    2. Electrical Circuit
    PNEUMATIC CIRCUIT
    ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT

     It is important to note that the tagname(label) of your


    component in electrical circuit should have the same
    tagname in your pneumatic circuit
    COMBINATION OF PNEUMATIC CIRCUIT
    AND ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT

     Note: You cannot energize your pneumatic circuit if you don’t have the electrical
    circuit.
    BASIC CONTROL SYSTEM
    SIGNAL FLOW AND COMPONENT OF AN
    ELECTRO-PNEUMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM

    Directional control valves


    form the
    interface between the signal
    control section (electrical)
    and the pneumatic power
    section
    in an Electropneumatic
    system.
    ADVANTAGES OF USING ELECTRO-
    PNEUMATICS
    1. Lesser wear-off parts. Lesser installation jobs.
    i.e., Electrical control valve, Electrical switches
    2. Replace tube in pneumatic system to electrical
    wire in electro-pneumatic
    3. Less parts are used = Reduce working space.
    4. Sensor and Controller (such as PLC) can be
    included in the system
    INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRO-PNEUMATIC
    CONTROL COMPONENT

     Input Element component


    Switches :
    There are 3 types of electrical switches used in
    design Electro-pneumatic circuit.
    1. Normally Open switch

    2. Normally Close switch

    3. Multiple contact switches

    Sensors :
    1. Mechanical Position sensor (Limit switch)

    2. Proximity sensor

    3. Reed switch
    SWITCHING CONTACT AND TYPE OF ACTUATION
    (STANDARD FOR EUROPEAN DIAGRAM)
    International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standard
    SWITCHING CONTACT AND TYPE OF
    ACTUATION (STANDARD FOR US DIAGRAM)
    Joint Industrial Council (JIC) Standard
    NORMALLY OPEN (N.O) AND NORMALLY
    CLOSE (N.C)
    In pneumatic circuit :
    For example : 3/2-way Push button (valve)

    Normally Open Normally Close


    In electrical circuit :
    For example : Push button switch

    US Standard Europe Standard


    MECHANICAL POSITION SENSOR
    Pneumatic: 3/2-way N.C valve with roller (Limit switch)

    Electro-Pneumatic: Mechanical Position sensor (Limit switch)


    PROXIMITY SENSOR
     Proximity sensor contain a transistor which conducts and
    switches (trigger ON) when something comes near to the sensors.
     Some of the proximity sensor only work with steel material
    components － Inductive proximity sensor
    PROXIMITY SENSOR – SYMBOL AND
    SAMPLE CIRCUIT
    Proximity

    Proximity
    PROCESSING ELEMENT - RELAY
     Relay is an electrically actuated switch, contains a coil and
    a contactor switch or multiples contactors.
     When power is applied to relay coil, the core magnetizes,
    drawing the contact assembly in.
     This will change the state of all the contacts in the relay
    (i.e., N.O contact becomes closed or N.C contact becomes
    open).
     Relay uses small amount of power to control switching
    (advantage). The voltage applied to the coil doesn’t have to
    be the same as that in control circuit.
     Relay is used to allow low voltage control systems to switch
    large current/ high voltage (function / advantage)
    SAMPLE CIRCUIT

    Coil
    Contactor

    When PB1 is pressed, power is applied to Relay (M0)


    coil which result to the all contactors in relay change
    their state (open to close or close to open). Solenoid
    valve S1, energizes
    MORE ABOUT RELAYS
    Relay has a few functions as a safety device:
    1. The high voltage output (i.e. 240V) can be switched ON through
    a contactor using relay with low voltage (i.e. 24V) supplied to a
    coil.
    2. The high current output can be switched ON through a
    contactor using relay with low current supplied to a coil.
    3. Functioned as Safety control circuit for emergency power cut-off
    (EMERGENCY START and STOP button) to the whole circuit.

     Use in automation process - Switching more than one outputs


    simultaneously using relay with a coil and multiple contactors.
     To control ON and OFF of various outputs sequences using
    several Relay.
    FINAL CONTROL ELEMENT – SOLENOID
    DCV
     Solenoid valve is an electro-mechanical device that built-in
    with a coil (solenoid) and a pneumatic Directional control
    valve.
     Solenoid actuated Directional control valve (DCV) convert
    electrical signals to pneumatic signals.
     They are used to start, to stop and/or to change the
    direction of air flow.

    There 3 common types of solenoid valve.


    1. 3/2-way Solenoid valve with spring return
    2. 5/2-way Solenoid valve with spring return
    3. 5/2-way Double solenoid valve
    SYMBOL AND SAMPLE CIRCUIT

     Pneumatic - Pilot actuated 5/2-way Directional control


    valve

     Electro-Pneumatic - Solenoid actuated 5/2-way


    Directional control valve
    Pneumatic Power Component – Actuators

    Final Control Element – Solenoid Valves


    SUPPLY / POWER COMPONENT
    In Electro-Pneumatic system, the supply or power source
    component is divided into two, based on the system
    1. Pneumatic － Compressor
    2. Electrical －AC / DC power supply component.
    Symbol for 24V DC
    IEC Standard JIC Standard
    DIRECT CONTROL ELECTRO-PNEUMATIC
    CIRCUITS
    Direct control is the control of an electro-pneumatic valve without
    using intermediate components such as a relay, a contactor or an
    industrial computer (PLC).
    Advantages of direct control
     Simple and easy.
     Less wiring
     Cheap.
    Disadvantages of direct control
     Remote control is not possible.
     Switching more than one valve at a time is not possible.
     Latching is not possible.
     Design improvement is not flexible.
    INDIRECT CONTROL IN ELECTRO
    PNEUMATICS
    Indirect control is the control of an electro-pneumatic valve using
    intermediate components such as relays, contactors or
    programmable logic controllers (PLC).
    Advantages of indirect control systems
     Remote control is possible
     Switching more than one valve at a time is possible
     Latching is possible.
     Flexible design improvement and development
     Incorporating logic operating conditions (OR, AND conditions)
    Disadvantages of direct control
     Complicated
     More wiring
     More cost involved

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