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    Physiology of Menstrual Cycle

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    Amiel simon Ngo
    1. The menstrual cycle begins with menstruation and a thin uterine lining. The hypothalamus signals the release of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) from the pituitary gland. 2. FSH stimulates egg cell growth in the ovaries and the production of estrogen, thickening the uterine lining. At peak estrogen levels, the hypothalamus signals the release of luteinizing hormone (LH). 3. LH causes ovulation, where the mature egg is released from the ovaries. Remaining ovarian cells form the corpus luteum which produces progesterone to prepare the uterus if fertilization occurs. Without fertilization, progesterone and the uterine lining decrease, causing menstruation.

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    Physiology of Menstrual Cycle

    Uploaded by

    Amiel simon Ngo
    82 views2 pages
    1. The menstrual cycle begins with menstruation and a thin uterine lining. The hypothalamus signals the release of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) from the pituitary gland. 2. FSH stimulates egg cell growth in the ovaries and the production of estrogen, thickening the uterine lining. At peak estrogen levels, the hypothalamus signals the release of luteinizing hormone (LH). 3. LH causes ovulation, where the mature egg is released from the ovaries. Remaining ovarian cells form the corpus luteum which produces progesterone to prepare the uterus if fertilization occurs. Without fertilization, progesterone and the uterine lining decrease, causing menstruation.

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    1. The menstrual cycle begins with menstruation and a thin uterine lining. The hypothalamus signals the release of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) from the pituitary gland. 2. FSH stimulates egg cell growth in the ovaries and the production of estrogen, thickening the uterine lining. At peak estrogen levels, the hypothalamus signals the release of luteinizing hormone (LH). 3. LH causes ovulation, where the mature egg is released from the ovaries. Remaining ovarian cells form the corpus luteum which produces progesterone to prepare the uterus if fertilization occurs. Without fertilization, progesterone and the uterine lining decrease, causing menstruation.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    82 views2 pages

    Physiology of Menstrual Cycle

    Uploaded by

    Amiel simon Ngo
    1. The menstrual cycle begins with menstruation and a thin uterine lining. The hypothalamus signals the release of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) from the pituitary gland. 2. FSH stimulates egg cell growth in the ovaries and the production of estrogen, thickening the uterine lining. At peak estrogen levels, the hypothalamus signals the release of luteinizing hormone (LH). 3. LH causes ovulation, where the mature egg is released from the ovaries. Remaining ovarian cells form the corpus luteum which produces progesterone to prepare the uterus if fertilization occurs. Without fertilization, progesterone and the uterine lining decrease, causing menstruation.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    MENSTRUAL CYCLE

    1. After menstruation, the uterine lining is thin, in the ovary the primordial cells (egg cells) are small and
    there is a low level of estrogen in the bloodstream; all of these serves as positive feedback the
    hypothalamus

    2. The Hypothalamus secretes Follicle stimulating hormone-releasing factor

    3. FHS-RF stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to release FSH’

    4. The FSH is carried through the bloodstream to the ovary to stimulate an egg cell to grow

    5. As the egg cell grow it is named Graafian Follicle; this secretes estrogen causing the endometrial cells in
    the uterus to grow and thicken in preparation for possible pregnancy. (Proliferative Phase)

    6. The level of Estrogen in the bloodstream also increases until the peak is reached causing negative
    feedback to the hypothalamus.

    7. The hypothalamus now will release Luteinizing hormone-releasing factor

    8. The LH-RF will stimulate the APG to releases luteinizing hormone.

    9. This LH will be carried to the ovary through the bloodstream and cause final maturation of the Graafian
    Follicle and release of the ovum (Ovulation)

    10. The Graafian follicle after the release of the ovum, becomes Corpus Luteum (yellow matter/body) which
    will now secrete predominantly Progesterone (means for gestation), the hormone which supports
    pregnancy.

    11. The effect of the LH to the uterus is the secretion of nutrients of the cells in the uterus which prolifetated.
    (Proliferative Phase) The uterus now is ready if fertilization occurs.

    12. If fertilization does not occur, the Corpus luteum will now become Corpus albicans (white matter/Body)
    and the progesterone level will decline causing the endometrial cells to slough off. Bleeding will occur as
    a form on menstruation (Menstrual phase)

    Ovary- Follicular phase and luteal phase Lifetime of c.luteum – 14 days

    Uterus- Prolifetative Phase Secretory phase, Note; if pregnancy occurs c. luteum will secrete
    Menstrual Phase progesterone for 3-4 months until placenta

    Circulation- Estrogenic phase , Progestational phase is ready to take over


    Lifetime of corpus luteum -14 days

    *2 weeks before menstruation (ovulation)- you can get pregnant

    Diff b/w egg and spern cell

    Egg cell – XY chromose

    If fertile, male (product) has bigger chance

    (Angiosperm)- XX chromosome

    Cervical mucus- safe to have sex because it is dry

    It is only safe to have sex after menstruation

    Infertile Mucus

    Fertile Mucus

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