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Agenda - "Artificial Intelligence in Military"

Artificial intelligence is increasingly being used by militaries around the world. The document discusses how AI and robotics are being developed and deployed for both combat and non-combat roles, with the potential to transform modern warfare. While AI and autonomous weapons could reduce risks to human soldiers and increase precision, they also raise legal and ethical concerns. There is an ongoing debate about how and whether lethal autonomous weapons systems should be regulated under international law.

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38 views

Agenda - "Artificial Intelligence in Military"

Artificial intelligence is increasingly being used by militaries around the world. The document discusses how AI and robotics are being developed and deployed for both combat and non-combat roles, with the potential to transform modern warfare. While AI and autonomous weapons could reduce risks to human soldiers and increase precision, they also raise legal and ethical concerns. There is an ongoing debate about how and whether lethal autonomous weapons systems should be regulated under international law.

Uploaded by

azhar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Agenda - “Artificial Intelligence in Military”

“Artificial intelligence is the future [...] for all humankind. [...]Whoever becomes the
leader in this sphere will become ruler of the world.”

Introduction

In this 21st century this world has entered in a phase which is moreover
techno oriented, this international community has entered into that domain of
warfare where it has already taken the shift from the Kalashnikov to the
Keyboard. It was asserted that ‘Guns do not kill people: people kill people, but
gone are those days. Today, weapons make the decisions. When artificial
intelligence (hereinafter, referred to as AI) and robotics come together, there
are two different outcomes that can occur. On the one hand, one can see
immeasurable social, economic and political improvements to our society. On
the other hand, the military uses these tools to create new weapons of mass
destructions (hereinafter, lethal autonomous weapon systems or LAWS)
rendering nuclear obsolete. Recognizing the threat to international peace and
security caused by lethal autonomous weapons, 116 founders of robotics and
artificial intelligence companies from 26 countries released an open letter
urging the United Nations to ban lethal autonomous weapons systems.

Definition
Techopedia defines Artificial Intelligence as
Definition - What does Artificial Intelligence (AI) mean?
Artificial intelligence (AI) is an area of computer science that emphasizes the creation of
intelligent machines that work and react like humans. Some of the activities computers with
artificial intelligence are designed for include:
 Speech recognition
 Learning
 Planning
 Problem solving

The United States military has a long tradition of embracing new technologies. The Wright
brothers built airplanes for the U.S. Army. The U.S. Navy commissioned the first motorized
submarine. One of the most influential scientific endeavors in history, the Manhattan Project,
was a military operation. Military adoption of new technology continues to this day.

1953:
The USS Mississippi test-fires one of the earliest computer-guided missiles,
Launching a 1,180-pound RIM-2 Terrier off the coast of Cape Cod. A few years
later, the Talos missile system comes online, using a homing device that
automatically corrects for variations in altitude and speed.
1972:
The U.S. Air Force uses laser-guided weapons to destroy the strategic Thanh
Hoa Bridge in North Vietnam, marking the first time a so-called “smart bomb”
successfully destroys a major enemy target. During the Vietnam War, the Air
Force also deploys autonomous unmanned surveillance aircraft that fly in
circular patterns and shoot film until their fuel runs out.
1994:
The U.S. government awards General Atomics a contract to build the RQ-1
Predator drone, which will transmit video footage in real time over satellite link,
guided by ground based controllers who can be thousands of miles away. A
little more than a year later, the unmanned aerial surveillance vehicle is
operating over Bosnia. By 2001, it has been upgraded to carry Hellfire missiles.
The autonomy of current systems as of 2018 is restricted in the
sense that a human gives the final command to attack - though there are
exceptions with certain "defensive" systems.

In 2014, former Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel posited the "Third Offset Strategy" that rapid
advances in artificial intelligence will define the next generation of warfare. [19] According to data
science and analytics firm Govini, The U.S. Department of Defense increased investment in
artificial intelligence, big data and cloud computing from $5.6 billion in 2011 to $7.4 billion in
2018.[20] However, the civilian NSF budget for AI saw no increase in 2018. The U.S. has many
military AI combat programs, such as the Sea Hunter autonomous warship, which is designed to
operate for extended periods at sea without a single crew member, and to even guide itself in and
out of port.[4] As of 2017, a temporary US Department of Defense directive requires a human
operator to be kept in the loop when it comes to the taking of human life by autonomous
weapons systems.[21] Japan Times reported in 2018 that the United States private investment is
around $70 billion per year.

LAWS would allow for a reduction in the number of soldiers serving on the
front line and could reduce the burden of so-called “dull, dirty, or dangerous
missions” (such as missions involving long-duration sorties, exposition to
harmful radiological materiel, or high-risk situations). Robots would also be
able to react much faster than humans and to act with higher precision.
International Humanitarian Law and the Law of Armed Conflict could even be
coded into their systems so as to prevent their violation(as occurs with human
forces who can be prone to anger, hatred, and political objectives).
LAWS could also allow for financial savings. General Robert Cone, former
commander of the US Army Training and Doctrine Command, suggested in
2014 that by relying more on “support robots”, the size of a brigade could be
reduced from four thousand to three thousand soldiers.
The potential importance of LAWS on the battlefield of the future is why so
many nations are investing in these systems, so member states should
certainly not neglect their own strategic interests while debating this issue.
Nonetheless, LAWS do present a number of issues that delegates should also
take into account during their negotiations.
Military AI

Some current uses of artificial intelligence by the military include systems in non-combat roles.
DART, a planning tool, utilized A.I. and was used in Desert Storm and Desert Shield. Training
simulators are being developed that incorporate A.I. The U.S. Air Force is working with private
industry to develop systems for faster collection and examination of information. The goal is to
improve reaction and decision-making time to implement more effective military actions. Like
many of the military's uses of A.I., it involves information management and decision making.

Questions a Resolution Must Answer (QARMA)


1) Should LAWS or AI in military be regulated in any shape or form? If so, how and to what
extent?
2) Can LAWS ever be acceptable under international law?
3) Investigation, prevention, and mitigation of potential malicious uses of Artificial Intelligence.
4) Do a special body need to be created to regulate Artificial Intelligence?
5) Would limitations apply only to fully autonomous weapons, or also semi-autonomous
weapons?
6) The role of non-state actors in the use of Artificial Intelligence and Lethal
Autonomous Weapons Systems.

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