Spitfire Mk.

IXc early version

BRITISH WWII FIGHTER
1/48 SCALE PLASTIC KIT
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INTRO
In September 1941, a hitherto unknown German radial engine fighter appeared in the west European sky. The new airplane was superior
to British fighters, most distressingly to the Spitfire Mk.V. The German design was soon recognized as the Focke-Wulf Fw 190A. The losses
suffered by the RAF over western Europe rose rapidly and the crisis was serious enough that the RAF ceased the majority of daytime operations
in November 1941. The next attempt to resume these types of sorties was made in March 1942. Loss rates remained unacceptably high and the
RAF was forces to stop ops once again. All this was thanks to the Focke-Wulf Fw 190A. The first response to the new German weapon was the
Spitfire Mk.VIII, but the design changes were so complex that initiating timely production was not possible. In June 1942, a German pilot landed
by mistake on a British airfield delivering a completely intact Fw 190 fighter into RAF hands. Comparative trials between the Focke-Wulf and
Spitfire Mk.V began almost immediately. These mock encounters confirmed the situation over the front – the chances of a british fighter
surviving an encounter with the Fw 190 were slim. The only British fighter aircraft deemed suitable to oppose them were the Spitfire Mk. VII and
VIII powered by the Merlin 61 engine. As mentioned above these were some time away of being ready for series production. But there was
another way of getting a powerful fighter quickly - by mating the Merlin 61, with its two-stage supercharger, with the fuselage of the Spitfire
Mk.Vc. Two Mk.Vc airframes, AB196 and AB197, were selected for this purpose and were strengthened with modified longerons
to accommodate the more powerful and heavier engine. The example was finished on February 26 and the second on March 27, 1942. Flight
trials were succesful and the order for series production was issued almost immediately. Series production began in June 1942 and the first
Mk.IXs found their way to No. 64 Squadron in July. Performance improved significantly in comparison to the Mk.V. A top speed of 409 mph
at 28,000 feet was higher by 40mph, and the service ceiling rose from 36,200 to 43,000 feet. The Mk.IX could climb at 4,000 feet per minute. The
RAF finally had a fighter aircraft capable of opposing the Fw 190A. Three main versions of the Mk.IX were produced. The F.IX was powered by
the Merlin 61 and was the only version on the assembly line in early 1943. The next version was the LF Mk.IX powered by the Merlin 66. This
engine was designed to do its best at low altitudes. The third version, manufactired along with the LF, was the high-altitude HF Mk.IX with the
Merlin 70. The majority of Mk.IXs manufactured were equipped with the so-called 'C' wing. Four 20mm cannon or two 20mm cannon and four
.303 machine guns could be installed in the wings. From 1944, the strengthened 'E' wing was produced. Four .303 machine guns were replaced
with two .50 heavy machine guns. Bomb racks for 250lb bombs were fitted under each wing typically. The Mk.IX became the second most
numerous version of the Spitfire with a total of 5653 examples being built. The Mk.IX began to replace the Mk.V from June 1942. Thanks to the
new fighter, the RAF was ready to fight against the Luftwaffe over occupied Europe. Spitfire Mk.IXs served with the RAF to the end of war. In the
postwar era, foreign air forces flew this version as well. Czechoslovak, Norwegian, Danish, and Canadian air forces operated numbers
of Mk.IXs and they were not alone. Spitfires would find themselves in combat again. Czechoslovakia sold its Spitfire Mk.IXs to Israel in 1948 and
these aircraft formed the backbone of the newly born Israeli air force in the fight against their Arab neighbours.

ÚVODEM
V září 1941 se na evropské obloze objevil dosud neznámý německý stíhací letoun poháněný hvězdicovým motorem. Nová stíhačka měla nad
britskými, zejména Spitfirem Mk.V, zřetelnou převahu. V německé konstrukci byl záhy rozpoznán Focke-Wulf Fw 190A. Ztráty RAF nad
západní Evropou začaly rychle narůstat až to té míry, že britské letectvo muselo v listopadu 1941 zastavit většinu denních operací nad
evropským kontinentem. Pokus o spuštění tohoto typu bojových letů byl uskutečněn v březnu 1942. Počty ztrát však byly opět neúnosné, což
opět vedlo k jejich zastavení. Vše díky Focke-Wulfům Fw 190A. Prvním pokusem o odpověď na novou německou zbraň se stal Spitfire Mk.VIII,
avšak komplexní přístup ke změnám konstrukce letounu způsobil, že nebylo možné jej dostat do sériové výroby v dostatečně blízkém časovém
horizontu. V červnu 1942 přistál jeden z německých pilotů omylem na britském letišti a předal tak do britských rukou nepoškozený Fw 190A.
Srovnávací zkoušky Focke-Wulfu a Spitfiru Mk.V začaly téměř neprodleně. Cvičné souboje plně potvrdily situaci na frontě – šance britské
stíhačky přestát setkání s Fw 190 bez úhony nebyly vysoké. Jediné britské stíhačky schopné postavit se plnohodnotně německému typy byly
Spitfiry Mk.VII a Mk.VIII poháněné motorem Merlin 61. Jak však bylo poznamenáno výše, nedalo se čekat, že v dohledné době dospějí do fáze
sériové výroby. Byla zde však ještě jedna cesta, jak získat dostatečně výkonnou stíhačku – zabudovat Merlin 61 s dvoustupňovým
kompresorem do základního draku Spitfiru Mk.V. Pro tento experiment byly vyčleněny dva draky, AB196 a AB197. Prošly zpevněním, aby mohl
být zastavěn výkonnější a těžší motor. První z nich byl dokončen 26. února, druhý pak 27. března 1942. Letové testy proběhly natolik úspěšně,
že byla objednána sériová výroba. Ta se plně rozběhla v červnu 1942 a první Mk.IX se u bojové jednotky, 64. squadrony, objevily
v červenci. V porovnání s Mk.V se výkony znatelně zvýšily. Maximální rychlost byla v 28.000 stopách vyšší o 40 mph, operační dostup
se zvýšil z 36.200 na 43.000 stop. Mk.IX mohl stoupat rychlostí 4000 stop za minutu. RAF tedy konečně dostalo stíhačku, kterou mohlo směle
postavit proti Fw 190A. Vyráběny byly tři hlavní verze Mk.IX. Verze F Mk.IX byla poháněna motorem Merlin 61 a z montážní linky sjížděla
až do počátku roku 1943. Na ni navázaly LF Mk.IX poháněná motorem Merlin 66 a určená k operacím v nižších výškách, a HF Mk.IX
s motorem Merlin 70 konstruovaným naopak pro výškové lety. Většina Mk.IX byla vyrobena s křídlem typu C. V něm mohla být instalována
výzbroj složená ze čtyř kanonů ráže 20 mm nebo ze dvou kanonů ráže 20 mm a čtyř kulometů ráže 0.303 palce. V roce 1944 se objevilo
zpevněné křídlo typu E. Čtveřice 0.303 kulometů byla nahrazena dvojicí kulometů ráže 0.50 palce. Pod každou polovinou křídla byly
standardně namontovány závěsníky pro 250lb pumy. Verze Mk.IX se stala druhou nejpočetnější verzí Spitfiru s 5653 vyrobenými kusy. Mk.IX
začaly nahrazovat Mk.V v červnu 1942. Díky nové stíhačce byla RAF opět schopná bojovat proti Luftwaffe nad okupovanou Evropou. Ve své
výzbroji si typ ponechala až do konce války. Po ukončení bojů se verze dostala i do výzbroje dalších letectev. Československé, norské, dánské,
kanadské a další letectva používala desítky Mk.IX. Spitfiry Mk.IX se však do bojů dostaly i v této době. Československo prodalo své Spitfiry
v roce 1948 do Izraele, kde se v bojích s arabskými sousedy staly páteřním typem nově vznikajících izraelských vzdušných sil.
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 ATTENTION UPOZORNĚNÍ ACHTUNG ATTENTION

INSTRUCTION SIGNS INSTR. SYMBOLY INSTRUKTION SINNBILDEN SYMBOLES

OPTIONAL BEND OPEN HOLE SYMETRICAL ASSEMBLY REMOVE REVERSE SIDE APPLY EDUARD MASK
VOLBA OHNOUT VYVRTAT OTVOR SYMETRICKÁ MONTÁŽ ODŘÍZNOUT OTOČIT AND PAINT
POUŽÍT EDUARD MASK
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A EN315, flown by S/Ldr. Stanislav Skalski, Polish Combat Team, Northern Africa, Spring 1943
This aircraft was one of ten Spitfires flown by Polish pilots in the north African sky. The independent unit was called the Polish Combat Team. Stanislav
Skalski, the famous fighter pilot with eighteen kills to his credit, acted as Squadron Leader for the Team. He was one of the pilots who flew this Spitfire. Six
swastikas on the fuselage probably symbolize the victories achieved by various pilots while flying the aircraft. The desert camouflage scheme consists of Mid
Stone and Dark Earth uppersides and Azure Blue undersides.

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 B EN133, No. 611 Squadron, Biggin Hill, Early 1943
This Spitfire flew for the first time on November 16, 1942 and its first and only known affiliation is with No. 611 Squadron, RAF. Among squadron members
who were entrusted with this aircraft was Franz Ferdinand Colloredo Mansfeld, a member of Austrian nobility and a US citizen (three confirmed kills and four
probables). EN133 was destroyed on March 14, 1943 during an attack on Abbeville airfield in France (operation Ramrod 188), when Spitfires clashed with
Fw 190s from JG26. The pilot of EN133 – W/Cdr. James H. Slater, the CO of No. 453 Sqdn RAAF – was killed in action.

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C BS392, flown by S/Ldr. Bernard Dupérier, CO of No. 340 Squadron, Biggin Hill Airbase, Autumn 1942
Bernard Dupérier, the CO of No. 340 Sqdn., instructed ground personnel to paint the Donald Duck artwork on several of his aircraft. Besides this Spitfire, the
artwork was applied to his Douglas DB-7 and Spitfire Mk.Vb, BM324. The CO´s aircraft is marked with a pennant brushed on the fuselage and the Lorraine
Cross was used by Free French squadrons. The Ocean Grey camouflage color seems to be quite light in b&w photos. Probably, a non-standard mix of paint
was used while Ocean Grey was not temporarily available in sufficient quantities. Dupérier, an ace credited with seven vistories, took command of No. 340
Sqdn, on April 10, 1942. That day, previous CO Phillipe de Scitivaux, was downed and captured by the enemy. Dupérier flew this Spitfire only rarely in the
period from October 25 to November 7, 1942. Later on he became the CO of No. 341 Sqdn., and after the war was active in politics and supported General
de Gaulle. Spitfire BS392 was used by various units, its fate being sealed on September 9, 1944. A member of No. 310 Sqdn., Sgt. Vojtech Skreka – Baudoin
overran the runway during a landing maneuver and BS392 had to be written off.

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E EN568, flown by W/Cdr. Alan C. Deere, CO of Biggin Hill Wing, Biggin Hill Air Base, June, 1943
Alan C. Deere was born in Auckland, New Zealand. He entered the RAF in 1937 and fought against Nazi Germany from the outbreak of the war in France.
Deere took significant part in the Battle of Britain and flew Spitfires over occupied Europe. From June 1943, he led Biggin Hill Wing for six months and added
four more kills to his eighteen confirmed victories during this period. Late in the war, he was appointed to various staff functions, except D-Day, when he led
a Free French wing. He continued in the RAF in the postwar years. Al Deere, as a wing commander, had a right to paint individual code letters on his personal
aircraft. His command role was symbolized by the pennant on the fuselage. The serial number was partially ovepainted on both sides of the tail.

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 Spitfire Mk.IXc early version STENCIL VARIANTS
38 28 8 ?9
30 2
? ?
43 29 3

43 36 10 6

44
12 ? 13
35

35
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32 23
1

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6

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