PRODUCT ASSESSMENT SPECIFICATION PAS 24-1:1999

Incorporating
Amendments No. 1
and No. 2

Enhanced security
performance
requirements for door
assemblies —
Part 1: Single leaf, external door
assemblies to dwellings

ICS 91.060.50

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PAS 24-1:1999

This Product Assessment Amendments issued since publication

Specification comes into
effect on 15 April 1999
Amd. No. Date Comments

10972 April 2000

© BSI 10 July 2003 13943 10 July 2003 Indicated by a sideline

ISBN 0 580 33036 2

 PAS 24-1:1999

Contents

Page
Foreword ii
Introduction 1
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions 2
4 Sample selection 3
5 Testing 3
6 Requirements for test apparatus 6
7 Enhanced security performance requirements 7
8 Design and general performance requirements 7
9 Installation instructions 8
10 Marking 8
Annex A (normative) Test methods 9
Annex B (normative) Standard loading cases 28
Figure 1 — Flow chart 5
Figure A.1 — Parallel to plane loading along the edge 16
Figure A.2 — Parallel to plane loading at right angles to the edge 17
Figure A.3 — Parallel to plane loading at a mullion or transom 18
Figure A.4 — Perpendicular to plane loading 19
Figure A.5 — Suitable test bracket 20
Figure A.6 — Frame support 21
Figure A.7 — Pad for mechanical loading 22
Figure A.8 — Loading bridge 23
Figure A.9 — Soft body impact test apparatus 24
Figure A.10 — Hard body impact test apparatus 25
Figure A.11 — Loading sequence 26
Figure A.12 — Soft body impact points 27
Figure A.13 — Hard body impact points 27
Table B.1 — Standard loading cases 28

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PAS 24-1:1999

Foreword

This Product Assessment Specification, PAS 24-1, has been produced by BSI to provide a method for
testing and assessing the enhanced security performance requirements of single leaf, external door
assemblies to dwellings. It is intended that this Product Assessment Specification should be used in
conjunction with PAS 23-1 which includes the assessment of weather and mechanical performance and
performance in use.
This Product Assessment Specification is not to be regarded as a British Standard. It will be withdrawn
upon publication of its content in, or as, a British Standard.
Acknowledgement is given to the following organizations who were consulted in the development of
this specification:
Association of Builders Hardware Manufacturers;
British Plastics Federation;
British Woodworking Federation;
Council for Aluminium in Building;
Glass and Glazing Federation;
Guild of Architectural Ironmongers;
Steel Window Association;
Association of Chief Police Officers, national technical committee representatives.
This Product Assessment Specification has been prepared and published by BSI which retains its
ownership and copyright. BSI reserves the right to withdraw or amend this Product Assessment
Specification on receipt of authoritative advice that it is appropriate to do so. This Product Assessment
Specification will be reviewed at intervals not exceeding two years and any amendments arising from
that review will be published in an amended Product Assessment Specification and publicized in
Update Standards.
Annex A and annex B are normative.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are
responsible for its correct application.
Compliance with a Product Assessment Specification does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.

Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to ii, pages 1 to 28, an inside back
cover and a back cover.

ii  BSI 07-2003
 PAS 24-1:1999

Introduction
The concept of “enhanced security” in this Product Assessment Specification is based upon a
relationship between resistance to forced entry by human intervention techniques and resistance to
entry under multi-directional loading and hard and soft body impacts. This relationship has been
identified following an extensive test programme conducted on a range of doorsets. It is acknowledged
that in some cases the assessment of the security characteristics of doorsets by predetermined
mechanical loading or impact may alone not give a suitable assessment of their resistance to human
attack. To avoid this situation the testing is supplemented by a manual check test to identify any need
for additional tests.
It is intended that this should be an evolving specification reflecting current design requirements and
intrusion techniques.
This specification provides a means of evaluation against opportunist attack and does not purport to
provide a means of evaluation of total security against unauthorized intrusion.

1 Scope
This Product Assessment Specification specifies test methods and acceptance criteria relevant to the
enhanced security performance of single leaf, single swing, external door assemblies to dwellings,
inward or outward opening, with or without integral or coupled side panels and fanlights. The
enhanced security performance requirements in this specification are not material-specific.
This PAS is applicable to new door assemblies as manufactured and prior to installation. It is only
applicable to complete door assemblies or a range of door assemblies.
The ability to gain entry by lock picking, by the deliberate breaking of glass or by attack on the frame
fixing methods is not addressed in this PAS.
This PAS is not a test of component performance or installation requirements.
This PAS excludes double leaf doors, double swing doors, sliding doors, sliding folding doors, tilt and
slide doors, and pivoted doors. It does not cover door assemblies where any frame member is longer
than 3 m.

2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute
provisions of this Product Assessment Specification. For dated references, subsequent amendments to,
or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. For undated references, the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies.
BS 2911, Specification for letter plates.
BS 6206:1981, Specification for impact performance requirements for flat safety glass and safety
plastics for use in buildings.
BS 6262, Code of practice for glazing for buildings.
BS 6262-4, Glazing for buildings — Part 4: Safety related to human impact.
BS 7950, Specification for enhanced security performance of casement and tilt/turn windows for
domestic applications.
PAS 23-1, General performance requirements for door assemblies — Part 1: Single leaf, external door
assemblies to dwellings.

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PAS 24-1:1999

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this Product Assessment Specification the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
entry
〈where releasing the locking hardware from the inside requires the use of a removable key〉 creation of an
aperture through which a 500 mm long cylindroid with an elliptical section of 225 mm minor and 380 mm
major diameters can pass freely
NOTE This simulates the passage of an intruder’s body.

3.2
entry
〈where releasing the locking hardware from the inside does not require the use of a removable key〉 creation
of an aperture through which a 500 mm long cylindroid of diameter 25 mm can pass freely
3.3
door assembly
complete unit, as installed, consisting of the door frame, door leaf, any side panels or fanlights and
essential hardware any of which may be obtained from separate sources
3.4
component failure (during mechanical load testing)
failure in which there is an increase in deflection with no further increase in the applied load
3.5
channel glazing
glazing in which the frame overlaps the glazing unit on both sides without the use of an independent
glazing bead
3.6
infill medium
single glass, insulating glass units or infill panel
3.7
floor level
underside of the sill or threshold
3.8
range
group of door assemblies with defined limits of size, type, configuration, hardware, glazing,
construction and security features.
3.9
technique
combination of tools and locations
NOTE Any change in either the tools or the locations constitutes a new technique.

3.10
midrail
structure between the opposing horizontal edges of infill panels or glazed apertures
3.11
location
area described by a circle with a radius of 50 mm from a selected point

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 PAS 24-1:1999

4 Sample selection
A minimum of three identical door assemblies shall be selected, increased to four when the door
assembly includes at least one non-glass infill medium. Samples shall be selected by the test authority
and agreed with the supplier/manufacturer. Where a range of door assemblies is to be considered, the
number and type of samples chosen shall be representative of the product range which the
supplier/manufacturer wishes to have assessed.
NOTE 1 The sample numbers quoted in the test clauses are relevant to the tests conducted on a limited range of
configurations. For more extensive ranges a larger number of samples is required.
The cumulative effect of the tests shall be avoided with the exception that for any one configuration:
— the mechanical loading test in A.6 and the additional mechanical loading test in A.8 shall be
conducted on a single sample; and
— the manual test (infill medium removal) in A.5.1, the soft body impact test in A.9 and the
hard body impact test aimed at the door leaf in A.10.2.2 shall be conducted on another single
sample.
NOTE 2 Other tests may be carried out on separate door assemblies.
The samples selected shall include the most adverse and vulnerable aspects of the design, size and
configuration. The following list, which is not exhaustive, identifies some of the features that may
influence the security of a door assembly:
a) maximum distance between points which secure the leaf to the outer frame;
b) hardware: locking and hinge options, fixings and changes with respect to leaf size;
c) directions of opening;
d) infill medium options;
e) infill medium installation methods;
f) reinforcement used in any system;
g) flexing of transoms and mullions;
h) size;
i) openings, e.g. letterbox, cat flap etc..
For the purpose of these tests, all glass supplied in the samples shall be toughened to meet class A of
BS 6206:1981.

5 Testing
5.1 Test methods
The methods of test shall be as specified in annex A.
5.2 Assessment
Assessment shall follow the steps summarized as a flow chart in Figure 1.

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PAS 24-1:1999

5.3 Test report

The test report shall include the following information.
a) A concise description of the door assembly including at least the following information,
checked before test:
― manufacturer’s name and specific product identification;
― types of door assembly;
― materials and if applicable, their surface treatment;
― overall width and overall height of each test sample;
― method of frame jointing;
― framing profile and reinforcement details where applicable;
― types of beading, gaskets, methods of glazing and any security feature in the glazing
rebate;
― type and thickness of glass and overall thickness of infill medium;
― types and details of hardware;
― types and details of hardware fixings;
― detailed drawing(s) of the doorset elevation viewed from the outside, including the
position of the hardware.
b) The definition of the door assembly range applicable to the report including any size
limitation and door assembly configuration.
c) The results obtained during each test.
d) A diagram of the test apparatus or its reference.
e) The laboratory ambient temperature at the time of test.
f) The test organization, date of test and test engineer.
g) A statement that the results are valid only for the conditions under which the test was
conducted and for the specific range of door assemblies.
h) A summary of the results and assessment of the range.

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 PAS 24-1:1999

Product range definition

Is the hardware and

No construction applicable to
annex B

Yes

Select samples

Mechanical test on Hard body impact test

Manual Check Test Manual test on infill
infill Infill medium
A.7 A.5.1
A.5.2 A.10.2.3

Manipulation test Soft body impact test

A.4 A.9

Mechanical loading Hard body impact test

No test Door leaf
A.6 A.10.2.2

Entry gained Entry gained Entry gained

during test ? during test ? during test ?

Yes Yes Yes

Vulnerability identified Product range Product range Product range

failure failure failure

Yes No

No Additional mechanical
loading test No
A.8
No
No additional
Mechanical test
required

Inform BSI Technical Failure mode Entry gained

No Yes No All criteria met ? No
Committee repeatable ? during test ?

Yes Yes

Await decision from Product range Product range

Product range pass
BSI committee failure failure

Figure 1 — Flow chart (amended)

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PAS 24-1:1999

6 Requirements for test apparatus

6.1 General
The test apparatus shall support the sample rigidly. For all tests the sample shall be installed
vertically and square so that the door opens and closes smoothly and is secured to prevent movement
in the test apparatus.
When conducting the manual tests the test apparatus shall allow for free unrestricted access to the exterior
face of the door. The sample shall be mounted at ground level with the outer frame flush with the outer face
of the test apparatus.
When carrying out the mechanical test the test apparatus shall be provided with the means of applying the
loads, parallel and perpendicular to the plane of the test sample, to within a measured accuracy of ±2 % and
controlled to an accuracy of ±5 %.
NOTE Typical loading configurations are shown in Figures A.1 to A.4.
A suitable bracket, as shown in Figure A.5, shall be used to apply the loads.
The apparatus shall provide frame support to prevent perpendicular to the plane movement of the
sample’s outer frame with respect to the timber sub-frame. The supported area shall be a minimum of
200 mm in length and 7.5 mm ± 2.5 mm wide measured from the outer edge of the profile as shown in
Figure A.6.
The apparatus shall also provide support to prevent movement of transoms and mullions when the
perpendicular to plane load is applied to locking points adjacent to the transom or mullion. The
supported area shall be sufficient to prevent significant indentation of the frame material.
6.2 Mechanical load test
For the mechanical load test the perpendicular to plane load shall be applied via a loading pad with a
nominal area of 1 000 mm2 with a minor dimension of not less than 25 mm as shown in Figure A.7.
NOTE 1 Where this size of loading pad is impracticable, a pad with a minor dimension of not less than 15 mm and a nominal
area of 1 000 mm2 may be used.
In all cases the line of action of the applied load shall be applied to the geometric centre of the loading
pad. When hardware is mounted on the face of the leaf in a position to prevent the use of the loading
pad within the radial tolerance a loading bridge shall be used. This bridge shall apply the load
simultaneously at two points to the leaf with the force line as close as possible to the contact area of the
locking point within a radial tolerance of 50 mm. The two loading points of the bridge shall be equally
spaced about the force line with a maximum span of 300 mm. The total loading area shall be nominally
1 000 mm2 with a minor dimension of not less than 20 mm.
NOTE 2 A suitable bridge is shown in Figure A.8.
The method of attaching the loading pad(s) shall not detrimentally affect the sample under test.

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 PAS 24-1:1999

6.3 Infill medium removal test

For the infill medium removal test the perpendicular-to-plane load shall be applied via an articulated pad
secured to a nominal 150 mm × 150 mm plywood block of 25 mm minimum thickness.
6.4 Soft body impact test
The soft body impact energy shall be applied by the pendulum fall of a leather spheroconical bag of
approximately 350 mm diameter filled with fine dry sand to a total mass of 30 kg ± 0.05 kg (this
corresponds to a sand density of 1 500 kg/m3 and a grain size of <2 mm). The impactor shall be
suspended by a cable of at least 1.5 m in length, such that the movement of the impactor is in a vertical
plane perpendicular ±5° to the impacted face of the component (a typical impact apparatus is
illustrated in Figure A.9).
6.5 Hard body impact test
The hard body impact energy shall be applied by the pendulum fall of a cylindrical steel block having a
mass of 50 kg ± 0.05 kg. The nose of the impactor shall be 50 mm ± 0.5 mm in diameter and
200 mm ± 10 mm in length. The overall length of the impactor shall be 820 mm ± 10 mm.
The impactor shall be arranged to swing in an arc normal to the plane of the door and its longitudinal
axis shall be horizontal at the moment of impact. The impactor shall be suspended by a cable or cables
of at least 1.5 m.
NOTE A typical impact apparatus is illustrated in Figure A.10.

7 Enhanced security performance requirements

When a door assembly is tested in accordance with the test methods in annex A it shall not be possible
to gain entry under the conditions of A.4, A.5, A.6, A.8, A.9 and A.10.

8 Design and general performance requirements

8.1 General
All door assemblies shall meet the requirements of PAS 23-1.
8.2 Glazing
Where doors contain glazing they shall be glazed in accordance with BS 6262.
Glazing installed in doors that do not require the use of a removable key to release the hardware from
the inside shall be laminated glass.
NOTE Attention is drawn to BS 6262-4 which requires safety glass in most door assemblies.

8.3 Sidelights and fanlights

Dummy vents and opening lights shall meet the requirements of BS 7950. Full height sidelights shall
be fixed lights.
8.4 Letter plates
Where a letter plate is included in the door assembly it shall either;
a) be positioned a minimum of 400 mm from the internal locking point; or
b) meet the requirements of BS 2911 which specifies a maximum aperture of 250 mm × 38 mm.

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PAS 24-1:1999

9 Installation instructions
The manufacturer shall supply with each door assembly full instructions for assembly, installation and
maintenance.

10 Marking
Each door assembly shall be permanently marked, in a position that is not visible when the door is
closed, with the following information:
a) the number and date of this Product Assessment Specification, i.e. PAS 24-1:19991);
b) the date of manufacture of the door assembly;
c) the name or trade mark of the manufacturer or other means of identifying the manufacturer.

1)Marking PAS 24-1:1999 on or in relation to a product represents a manufacturer's declaration of conformity, i.e. a claim by
or on behalf of the manufacturer that the product meets the requirements of the Product Assessment Specification. The
accuracy of the claim is solely the claimant's responsibility. Such a declaration is not to be confused with third party
certification, which may also be desirable.

8  BSI 07-2003
 PAS 24-1:1999

Annex A (normative)
Test methods
A.1 General
Check that all glass fitted to the test samples is toughened.
A.2 Sample preparation
When conducting any of the tests specified in this annex the door assembly shall be fixed in a timber or
aluminium sub-frame of rectangular section (nominal 75 mm × 100 mm). Unless otherwise stated, the
test sample shall be stored and tested in an environment within the range of 15 °C to 30 °C and
25 % r.h. to 75 % r.h., for a minimum of 24 h.
The door assembly shall be fixed to the sub-frame using suitable fixings at centres as specified in the
system supplier’s instructions. The fixings shall enter the sub-frame through the door frame.
All protective packaging shall be removed before testing.
NOTE The test house may cover glazing with a safety film, applied on the attack side prior to impact tests.
The hardware shall be checked for correct operation.
Before testing, samples shall be closed and locked from the outside. If applicable, any keys shall be
removed.
A.3 Tools
A.3.1 (Group A) Assorted mild steel wire, each not more than 2 mm in diameter and not more than 700 mm
in length.
A.3.2 (Group A) Two credit cards, of size (55 ± 5) mm × (85 ± 5) mm and (0.7 ± 0.3) mm thick.
A.3.3 (Group A) Two paint scrapers, with a blade width of approximately (75 ± 15) mm width.
A.3.4 (Group A) One craft knife, with a maximum overall length of 180 mm, a straight blade (0.6 ± 0.1) mm
thick and an exposed blade of length (28 ± 7) mm, e.g. a Stanley-trimming type knife.
A.3.5 (Group A) Two flat blade screwdrivers, of length (150 ± 20) mm overall, a shank length of
(75 ± 15) mm, a shank diameter of (3 ± 0.5) mm and a blade width of (3 ± 1) mm. The shank shall be of
vanadium/chrome tool grade steel.
A.3.6 (Group B) One wood chisel, of length (250 ± 20) mm overall and a blade width (25 ± 2) mm.
A.3.7 (Group B) One wood chisel, of length (250 ± 20) mm overall, and a blade width of (6 ± 1) mm.
A.3.8 (Group B) One flat blade screwdriver, of length (200 ± 20) mm overall, a shank diameter of (6 ± 1) mm
and a blade width of (6 ± 1) mm.
A.3.9 (Group B) One brick bolster, of length (250 ± 25) mm and a blade width of (60 ± 15) mm.
A.3.10 (Group B) One crosspoint screwdriver, of length (200 ± 20) mm overall, a shank diameter of
(6 ± 1) mm and point size 2.
A.3.11 One cross head screwdriver, of length (200 ± 20) mm overall, a shank diameter of (6 ± 1) mm and
point size PZ2 (posi-drive).

 BSI 07-2003 9
PAS 24-1:1999

A.4 Manipulation test

A.4.1 Objective
The objective of this test is to establish that there is no inherent vulnerability in the design which,
from the outside, would permit entry by the hardware being operated, released or disengaged. This test
shall be carried out with knowledge of the sample and the hardware installed.
A.4.2 Procedure
Conduct this test on sample 2 using the tools specified in group A of A.3 and where applicable tools
A.3.8, A.3.10 and A.3.11 in group B of A.3.
Attempt various methods of manipulation such as removal of trim sections, insertion of an implement
to disengage locking devices, undoing threaded fasteners in externally fixed hardware, blows by hand
to dislodge locking devices, removal of any hinge pin.
The test engineer may apply a force sufficient to explore any potential vulnerability but this force shall
not result in permanent set or plastic deformation of any tool. If access of the head of any threaded
fastener becomes available, attempts to unscrew the fastener shall be made using the tools defined in
A.3.8, A.3.10 and A.3.11. Tools described in A.3.8, A.3.10 and A.3.11 shall not be used for any other
purpose, such as levering, etc., during this test. Manipulation at any location shall be terminated if
permanent set, plastic deformation or breakage of a tool occurs. Damaged tools shall be replaced and
the test continued at other locations.
The aperture within any letter plate shall not be used to gain entry during this test.
Although there is no overall time limit for this test, no one technique shall be used for more than
3 min.
A.5 Infill medium removal test
A.5.1 Manual test
Conduct this test on each infill medium, including glazing. Conduct the test on sample 3 using the tools
specified in both group A and group B of A.3.
Attempt to remove gaskets, beads, security devices (if applicable) and the infill medium from the
exterior face of the glazing system for a period of 3 min.
A.5.2 Mechanical test
Conduct this test on sample 2 (see clause 4).
Apply a load of 2.0 kN progressively and without shock to every corner of any infill medium and each
corner of the boundaries of components within the infill medium in turn and in a direction towards the
inside, over a period of 10 s to 20 s and within 5° of the perpendicular to the plane and maintain until it
has been held for 8 s to 12 s. If local failure of the infill medium retention system is exhibited, repeat
the loading tests at points along the remainder of the retention system in an attempt to gain entry.
A.6 Mechanical loading test
A.6.1 Objective
The objective of the mechanical loading test is to assess whether the sample can withstand a specified
sequence of loading without creating an entry.
The aperture present in any letter plate shall not be used in the assessment of gaining entry
A.6.2 Loading procedure
Conduct this test on sample 2.
Apply and remove the loads over a period of not more than 5 min at each loading point.

10  BSI 07-2003
 PAS 24-1:1999

The loading shall consist of an application of a parallel to plane load which is applied and maintained
until a perpendicular to plane load has been applied and removed.
Load all loading points, as detailed in Table B.1, in a sequence as shown in Figure A.11. If, during the
loading, a component failure occurs the effect this failure has on the other components shall be
assessed by continuing to load all other designated points until there has been a complete round of
loading with no further component failure.
A.6.3 Parallel to plane loading
NOTE Details of loading configurations are given in Figures A.1 to A.3.

A.6.3.1 General
Apply a parallel to plane load of 1.5 kN progressively and without shock over a period of between 10 s
and 20 s. Maintain this parallel to plane load until either the perpendicular to plane loading is
completed and removed or a 100 mm perpendicular to plane movement is achieved. Remove the load
without shock over a period not exceeding 30 s.
Apply the load through a suitable bracket(s) as shown in Figure A.5.
A.6.3.2 Parallel to plane loading along the edge
Apply the force at the corner of the leaf with a line of action which is parallel to the edge and directed
towards the adjacent corner (see Figure A.1).
A.6.3.3 Parallel to plane loading at right angles to the edge
Apply the force at the leaf frame between the corners with a line of action which is at right angles to
the edge and directed towards the opposite edge. On a door assembly which is supplied with a fanlight
or sidelight apply an equal and opposing force to the mullion or transom at the location of the locking
point (see Figure A.2).

 BSI 07-2003 11
PAS 24-1:1999

A.6.4 Perpendicular to plane loading

A.6.4.1 Apply the perpendicular to plane load to the face of the leaf at the position given in annex B and in
the direction of opening, ensuring that the load passes through the centre of the contact area of the locking
point with a radial tolerance of 50 mm. Apply the load via a loading pad as shown in Figure A.7. Apply the
load within 5° of the perpendicular to the plane.
Where two adjacent loading points are within 100 mm, a single loading point equidistant between them
shall be used.
If during the application of the perpendicular load a component failure occurs the remaining load shall be
applied in a period of between 10 s and 20 s. This period shall start from the moment component failure
occurred. If further component failures occur, the total time to apply the load or reach the stated deflection
shall not be greater than 40 s.
When loading a leaf adjacent to a transom or mullion this member shall be propped on the opposing
face to prevent movement adjacent to the point where the perpendicular to plane load is applied. The
position of the prop shall be +25 mm from the position of the interlocking point, measured along the
transom or mullion
NOTE Propping is only carried out on leaf to transom or mullion interlocking points.

A.6.4.2 For doors requiring a removable key to release the locking hardware from the inside, apply a load of
4.5 kN progressively and without shock over a period of between 10 s to 20 s until either:
a) it has been held for between 8 s to 12 s; or
+5
b) a deflection of 100 mm 0 mm of the leaf relative to its frame adjacent to the loading point is
achieved.
If a deflection of 100 mm is achieved apply a load of 1.5 kN until it has been held for a further 8 s to
12 s or entry as defined in 3.1 has been gained.
A.6.4.3 For doors that do not require the use of a removable key to release the locking hardware from the
inside, apply a load of 4.5 kN progressively and without shock over a period of between 10 s to 20 s, until
either it has been held for between 8 s to 12 s or entry as defined in 3.2 has been gained.
A.7 Manual check test
A.7.1 Objective
The objective of the manual check test is to explore the possibility that vulnerability other than that
covered by the standard cases exists.
A.7.2 Tools
A.7.2.1 Two flat bladed screwdrivers, of length of (270 ± 20) mm, a shank diameter of (8 ± 1.5) mm and a
blade width of (8 ± 1.5) mm.
A.7.2.2 Two nail bars, of length (300 ± 20) mm.
A.7.3 Procedure
Conduct this test on sample 1.
Carry out the test from the exterior face of the door assembly and with full knowledge of the sample’s
construction and hardware details.
Attempt to gain entry by levering at any location and in any direction such that the combined direction
and location of the forces exhibited by the standard loading cases used in A.6 shall not be replicated.
Attempts shall be made to gain entry by defeating any hinge, locking point and fixing point or other
potentially vulnerable locations. Attempts shall be made to apply loads to ends of locking devices and
attacks made at unsupported corners.
NOTE The operation of lever or knob furniture is permitted without the aid of tools.

12  BSI 07-2003
 PAS 24-1:1999

The overall attack time for this test shall be one 15 min continuous period; no one test technique shall
be used for more than 3 min.
The door shall be tested with any one or two of the tools specified in A.7.2 for each technique.
If entry is gained, the method shall be recorded, the direction of applied loads noted, new loading
positions and directions defined for parallel to plane and perpendicular to plane loads and an
additional mechanical loading test shall be performed in accordance with A.8.
A.8 Additional mechanical loading test
This additional mechanical loading test shall be conducted if entry was gained in A.7. The test shall be
carried out in accordance with A.6, on sample 2, using the loading configuration as defined by A.6. If
entry is gained during this additional mechanical loading test the door assembly shall be regarded as
having failed.
Where entry is gained in the manual check test and a mechanical loading test cannot be devised to
replicate the mode of failure, such door assemblies shall be considered unclassified and outside the
scope of this Product Assessment Specification.
A.9 Soft body impact test
A.9.1 Objective
The objective of this test is to assess the door assembly’s resistance to impacts using a soft body
striking the leaf between 800 mm and 1 700 mm above floor level.
A.9.2 Impact points
Impacts shall be carried out on all types of infill.
Apply the soft body impacts to the exterior of the door assembly, on the vertical centre line of the door
leaf and of any side light, at the following positions, within a tolerance of +25 mm:
a) where there is a mid-rail present between 0.8 m and 1.7 m from the floor level:
― at the centre of the lower infill or 0.8 m from floor level, whichever is the higher;
― at the centre of the mid-rail;
― at the centre of the upper infill or 1.7 m from floor level, whichever is the lower.
b) where a mid-rail is not present between 0.8 m and 1.7 m:
― at distances of 0.8 m, 1.25 m and 1.7 m from floor level.
NOTE The impact points for a typical door assembly are shown in Figure A.12.

A.9.3 Procedure
Conduct this test on sample 3.
At rest, the impact surface of the impactor shall be within 10 mm of the surface of the door assembly
and within 25 mm in any direction of the designated impact point. Raise the centre of gravity of the
impactor through a vertical height of (800 ± 10) mm. Allow the impactor to fall freely and strike the
door assembly once only. Repeat so that each point is impacted three times.
If glass breakage occurs, the glazing shall be replaced. If the glazing breaks three times, this test shall
be terminated and the product range declared as unclassified. The test report shall contain details of
any glazing replacement.
The cause of breakage of the toughened glass shall be identified and rectified before submitting
samples for further testing.

 BSI 07-2003 13
PAS 24-1:1999

A.10 Hard body impact test

A.10.1 Objective
The objective of this test is to assess the hardware, infill medium and its retention system to hard body
impact.
A.10.2 Impact points
A.10.2.1 General
The hard body impacts shall be applied to the exterior face of the door assembly so that the centre of
the nose of the impactor strikes the defined impact point within a tolerance of 25 mm in any direction
Locations shall be determined using measurement taken when the door is closed.
A.10.2.2 Door leaf impact points (sample 3)
Impact points on the door leaf shall be:
a) on the lock cylinder when fitted;
b) at each corner of the leaf at points 60 mm × 60 mm from the visible edges;
c) on the door leaf at each locking point;
d) on the door leaf at each hinge point;
e) on a midrail (if present) at points 60 mm from the joint with the stiles (if a vee joint is
present impact 60 mm from the point of the vee).
If two impact points from the list [b) to e), excluding a)] are within 100 mm of each other they shall be
replaced by a single impact point equidistant between them.
A.10.2.3 Infill medium impact points (sample 4)
Infill medium impact points shall be:
a) at the centre of non-glass infill mediums; and
b) at each corner of the infill medium at points 60 mm × 60 mm from the visible edges of the
following non-glass infill mediums:
1) if the non-glass infill mediums are nominally the same size only one panel shall be
tested;
2) if a number of different size panels are used then the following two panels shall be
tested:
i) for key locking hardware test:
− the panel that has the largest minor dimension; and
− the panel that has the smallest major dimension through which the
test body block can pass if the panel was removed;
ii) for non-key locking hardware test:
− the panel that has the largest minor dimension; and
− the panel that has the smallest major dimension through which the
25 mm diameter bar can pass if the panels were removed.
NOTE The impact points for a typical door assembly are shown in Figure A.13.

A.10.3 Procedure
For impact points detailed in A.10.2.2, conduct this test on sample 3. Impact the door leaf points in the
order listed and assess the door assemblies ability to resist these impacts using the appropriate entry
definition.
14  BSI 07-2003
 PAS 24-1:1999

For impact points detailed in A.10.2.3 conduct this test on sample 4. Impact the infill medium points in
the order listed and assess the performance of the infill medium and retention systems ability to resist
these impacts using the appropriate entry definition.
At rest, the impact surface of the impactor shall be within 10 mm of the surface of the door assembly
and within 25 mm in any direction of the designated impact point. Raise the centre of gravity of the
impactor through a vertical height of (165 ± 5) mm. Allow the impact to fall freely and strike the door
assembly once only. Repeat so that each point is impacted three times.
If glass breakage occurs more than twice during the impact test, the glazing shall be replaced with
plywood of the same nominal thickness and overall dimensions so that the impact test can be
completed. The test report shall contain details of any glazing replacement.

 BSI 07-2003 15
PAS 24-1:1999

ELEVATION OF DOOR

10° MAXIMUM

5° MAXIMUM

Figure A.1 — Parallel to plane loading along the edge

16  BSI 07-2003
 PAS 24-1:1999

ELEVATION OF DOOR

10° MAXIMUM

OPENING
VENT

5° MAXIMUM

Figure A.2 —Parallel to plane loading at right angles to the edge

 BSI 07-2003 17
PAS 24-1:1999

ELEVATION OF DOOR

10° MAXIMUM

OPENING
VENT TRANSOM OR
MULLION

10° MAXIMUM

OPPOSING FORCE ON
TRANSOM & MULLIONS
ONLY

5° MAXIMUM 5° MAXIMUM

Figure A.3 — Parallel to plane loading at a mullion or transom

18  BSI 07-2003
 PAS 24-1:1999

TIMBER SUB-FRAME
FRAME SUPPORT

OUTER FRAME

DIRECTION OF DOOR
OPENING/MOVEMENT
TEST PAD PERPENDICULAR
TO PLANE FORCE

PROP

TRANSOM OR
MULLION

DIRECTION OF DOOR
OPENING/MOVEMENT
PERPENDICULAR
TEST PAD
TO PLANE FORCE

Figure A.4 — Perpendicular to plane loading

 BSI 07-2003 19
PAS 24-1:1999

30.0 X

6 OFF HOLES Ø4.5 10 10

7.0

Y
10.0
100.0

ALTERNATE END
CONFIGURATION.

NOTE : DIMENSIONS X & Y

TO SUITE THE PROFILE
BEING TESTED
200.0

Ø10.0
10.0

10.0
5.0 20.0

MATERIAL : 3MM GAUGE STAINLESS STEEL

ALL DIMENSIONS IN MM

Figure A.5 — Suitable test bracket

20  BSI 07-2003
 PAS 24-1:1999

TIMBER SUB-FRAME

MOVEABLE FRAME SUPPORT

EQUI-SPACED ABOUT POINT
OF APPLIED LOAD
MINIMUM
200 MM

100 MM
MIN
100 MM
MIN

SUPPORT AREA 7.5 ± 2.5 MM

MINIMUM 200 MM LONG

Figure A.6 — Frame support

 BSI 07-2003 21
PAS 24-1:1999

40.0

20.0

25.0
12.5
Ø 6.0 CSK

Ø 10.0

12.5 15.0
17.0
10.0

28.0
6.0

Figure A.7 — Pad for mechanical loading

22  BSI 07-2003
 PAS 24-1:1999

LOCKING POINT
300 mm MAX

PISTON RAM
LINE OF FORCE
=

COMBINED LOADING AREA OF

BOTH LOADING PADS TO BE
NOMINALLY 1000 MM²

BRIDGE

Figure A.8 — Loading bridge

 BSI 07-2003 23
PAS 24-1:1999

Figure A.9 — Soft body impact test apparatus

24  BSI 07-2003
 PAS 24-1:1999

Figure A.10 — Hard body impact test apparatus

 BSI 07-2003 25
PAS 24-1:1999

START

Figure A.11 — Loading sequence

26  BSI 07-2003
 PAS 24-1:1999

Figure A.12 — Soft body impact points

Figure A.13 — Hard body impact points

 BSI 07-2003 27
PAS 24-1:1999

Annex B (normative)
Standard loading cases
The parallel to plane and perpendicular to plane loading positions and direction described in Table B.1
shall be applied whenever the construction features listed are present. Not all cases will apply to any
particular door assembly, but those that are present shall be used.

Table B.1 — Standard loading cases

Standard loading case Parallel to plane Perpendicular to plane
1) Hinge At right angles to the edge and Centred over hinge
towards the opposite edge
2) Rising butt hinge and all First test: Along the edge in Centred over hinge
types of lift off hinges an upwards direction
Second test: At right angles to
the edge and towards the
opposite edge
3) Shoot and mortice bolts At right angles to the edge and Centred over bolt
towards the opposite edge
4) Cams and roller cams with First test: Along the edge in Centred over bolt, cam or roller
or without mushroom restraint the direction to disengage the cam
sliding parallel to the edge of bolt
the frame into keeps including Second test: At right angles to
hook bolts the edge and towards the
opposite edge
5) Dog bolts or other hardware First test: Along the edge in Centred over bolt
specifically to provide security the direction to disengage the
where there is not normally bolt
contact until the door is forced Second test: At right angles to
and with contact length not the edge and towards the
greater than 150 mm and or opposite edge
contact area not greater than
500 mm2

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PAS 24-1:1999

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