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Earth's Layer: Its Way To The Top. Meanwhile It Is Forcing The Lithosphere To Go Down and Take Its Place

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jayven esplana

The Earth is composed of four main layers - the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. The crust is the outermost layer and is split into continental and oceanic crust. Below the crust is the mantle, which is divided into the lithosphere and asthenosphere. The mantle makes up 84% of the Earth's mass. In the core, the outer core is liquid and metal, while the inner core is a solid ball of iron. Convection currents occur in the mantle, with the hotter asthenosphere rising and cooler lithosphere sinking, driving plate tectonics at the Earth's surface.

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Earth's Layer: Its Way To The Top. Meanwhile It Is Forcing The Lithosphere To Go Down and Take Its Place

Uploaded by

jayven esplana
42 views1 page
The Earth is composed of four main layers - the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. The crust is the outermost layer and is split into continental and oceanic crust. Below the crust is the mantle, which is divided into the lithosphere and asthenosphere. The mantle makes up 84% of the Earth's mass. In the core, the outer core is liquid and metal, while the inner core is a solid ball of iron. Convection currents occur in the mantle, with the hotter asthenosphere rising and cooler lithosphere sinking, driving plate tectonics at the Earth's surface.

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Earth's Layer

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The Earth is composed of four main layers - the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. The crust is the outermost layer and is split into continental and oceanic crust. Below the crust is the mantle, which is divided into the lithosphere and asthenosphere. The mantle makes up 84% of the Earth's mass. In the core, the outer core is liquid and metal, while the inner core is a solid ball of iron. Convection currents occur in the mantle, with the hotter asthenosphere rising and cooler lithosphere sinking, driving plate tectonics at the Earth's surface.

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42 views1 page

Earth's Layer: Its Way To The Top. Meanwhile It Is Forcing The Lithosphere To Go Down and Take Its Place

Uploaded by

jayven esplana
The Earth is composed of four main layers - the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. The crust is the outermost layer and is split into continental and oceanic crust. Below the crust is the mantle, which is divided into the lithosphere and asthenosphere. The mantle makes up 84% of the Earth's mass. In the core, the outer core is liquid and metal, while the inner core is a solid ball of iron. Convection currents occur in the mantle, with the hotter asthenosphere rising and cooler lithosphere sinking, driving plate tectonics at the Earth's surface.

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Earth’s Layer

1. Crust - the first layer of the earth. It is split up into two parts namely: continental crust,
and the oceanic crust. The temperature of the crust is around 200-400oC. The crust is
constantly moving. The crust is the layer were tectonic plates can be found.

 continental crust – 10-75 km thick, 29% of the earth’s crust, made up of igneous
rocks such as granite. The average density of the continental earth is 2.7g/cm. It
is much older than oceanic crust.
 oceanic crust – 5-7km thick, takes up 71% of the earth’s crust, made up of
sedimentary and basalt rocks. The density average of the oceanic crust is 3g/cm

2. Mantle - the second layer of the earth, about 2900km deep, and it is 84% of the Earth’s
mass and about 300-500oC. It is split up into two different parts, the lithosphere (which
is the top part) and the asthenosphere (which is the bottom part).
 lithosphere is a dense rock made out of iron and nickel (around 300 to 500oC)
 asthenosphere - is a plastic like fluid (around 4500oC)
- has property of plasticity
*convection currents happen in the mantle
3. Outer Core - outer core is a liquid part of the core made up of Fe and Ni. It is
2200km(1367mi) thick and the temperature range between 4500oC and 5500 oC. The
churning metal of the outer core creates and sustains Earth’s magnetic field.

4. Inner core - is a hot, dense ball of (mostly) Fe. It has a radius of about 1,220 km (758
miles). Temperature in the inner core is about 5,200°C (9,392°F). The pressure is nearly
3.6 million atm.

Convection Currents
Convection Currents happen in both the lithosphere and the asthenosphere. They make them
move round and round. Since the asthenosphere is hotter, that makes it lighter or less dense, it forces
its way to the top. Meanwhile it is forcing the lithosphere to go down and take its place.

The asthenosphere that moved up and cooled down, and the lithosphere that got forced down is
heating up and then when it gets hot enough it will force its way to the top and the whole cycle will start
again.

These convection currents effect the earth and the tectonic plates. Because when the plates,
say overlap one gets pushed under the other, and it would get pushed down to the convection currents,
and because it is a dense material it would be forced down and it would melt and make a new crust.

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