Practical No.

1 
1. Write the program for the following: (by using control statements and
control structure) 

A. Create a program that asks the user to enter their name and their age.
Print out a message addressed to them that tells them the year that they will
turn 100 years old.

import datetime
name = input("Hello! Please enter your name: ")
print("Hello " + name)
age = int(input("Enter your age: "))
year_now = datetime.datetime.now()
# print(year_now.year)
print("You will turn 100 in " + str(int(100-age) + int(year_now.year)))

Output
B. Enter the number from the user and depending on whether the number is
even or odd, print out an appropriate message to the user.

Code :

# Python program to check if the input number is odd or even.

# A number is even if division by 2 give a remainder of 0.
# If remainder is 1, it is odd number.
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if (num % 2) == 0:
print("{0} is Even".format(num))
else:
print("{0} is Odd".format(num))
Python Code :-

Output:-
C. Write a program to generate the Fibonacci series.

# Program to display the Fibonacci sequence up to n-th term where n is provided

by the user
# change this value for a different result
nterms = 10

# uncomment to take input from the user

#nterms = int(input("How many terms? "))

# first two terms

n1 = 0
n2 = 1
count = 2

# check if the number of terms is valid

if nterms<= 0:
print("Please enter a positive integer")
elifnterms == 1:
print("Fibonacci sequence upto",nterms,":")
print(n1)
else:
print("Fibonacci sequence upto",nterms,":")
print(n1,",",n2,end=', ')
while count <nterms:
nth = n1 + n2
 print(nth,end=' , ')
# update values
n1 = n2
n2 = nth
count += 1

Output
Fibonacci series by using function

D. Write a function that reverses the user defined value.

# Python Program to Reverse a Number using While loop by using function

defreverse_number(number):
reverse = 0
while(number > 0):
reminder = number %10
reverse = (reverse *10) + reminder
number = number //10
print("Reverse number is ", reverse)
reverse_number(1546)
Python code :

Output

Same Program on Python2.7 on Command prompt

E. Write a function to check the input value is Armstrong and also write the
function for Palindrome.

Code:
# Python program to check if the number provided by the user is an Armstrong
number or not
defarmstrong(num):
sum=0
# find the sum of the cube of each digit
temp = num
while temp > 0:
digit = temp % 10
sum += digit ** 3
temp //= 10
# display the result
if num == sum:
print(num,"is an Armstrong number")
else:
print(num,"is not an Armstrong number")

def palindrome(num):
n = num
rev = 0
while num != 0:
rev = rev * 10
rev = rev + int(num%10)
num = int(num / 10)
if n == rev:
print(n,"is palindrome number")
else:
print(n,"is not a palin")

# take input from the user

num = int(input("Enter a number to chk it is armstrong or not: "))
armstrong(num)
# take input from the user
num = int(input("Enter a number to chk it is palindrome or not: "))
palindrome(num)
Output
F. Write a recursive function to print the factorial for a given number​.

# Python program to find the factorial of a number using recursion

defrecur_factorial(n):
"""Function to return the factorial
of a number using recursion"""
if n == 1:
return n
else:
return n*recur_factorial(n-1)

#take input from the user

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

# check is the number is negative

if num < 0:
print("Sorry, factorial does not exist for negative numbers")
elifnum == 0:
print("The factorial of 0 is 1")
else:
print("The factorial of",num,"is",recur_factorial(num))
Output
 Practical No.2

Write the program for the following: ( by using functions)

A. Write a function that takes a character (i.e. a string of length 1) and

returns True if it is a vowel, False otherwise.

The code and the output is shown in the following screenshot.

B. Define a function that computes the length of a given list or string.

The code and the output is shown in the following screenshot.

C. Define a procedure histogram() that takes a list of integers and prints a
histogram to the screen. For example, histogram([4, 9, 7]) should print the
following:
****
*******
** *
******
The code and the corresponding output is shown in the following screen shot.
 Practical No.-3 
Write the program for the following: ( by using list)

A. A pangram is a sentence that contains all the letters of the English alphabet
at least once, for example: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. Your
task here is to write a function to check a sentence to see if it is a pangram or
not.

import string, sys

if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
input = raw_input
defispangram(sentence, alphabet=string.ascii_lowercase):
alphaset = set(alphabet)
return alphaset<= set(sentence.lower())
print ( ispangram(input('Sentence: ')) )

Output
B. Take a list, say for example this one: a = [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89]
and write a program that prints out all the elements of the list that are less
than 5.

# Program to trim list list_trim.py

l1=[1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,34,55,89]
l2=[]
for i in l1:
if i <5:
l2.append(i)
print (l2)
 Practical No.4 
Write the program for the following: ( by using list)

A. Write a program that takes two lists and returns True if they have at least
one common member.

Code :
l1=[1,2,3,4,5,6,]
l2=[11,12,13,14,15,6]
for i in l1:
for j in l2:
if i==j:
print ('The 2 list have at least one common element')

Output

B. Write a Python program to print a specified list after removing the 0th,
2nd, 4th and 5th elements.

#print list after removing the 0th, 2nd, 4th and 5th elements.
l1=[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0]
print("Original List is",l1)
print("According to question we have to remove 0th->1,2nd->3,4th->5,5th->6")
l1.remove(l1[0]) #this line will remove 1 from the list, Therefore l1[0]=2
print("After Removal of 0th element Now List is",l1)
print("Now we have to remove 3 from list which is at 1th position of index")
l1.remove(l1[1])
print("After Removal of 1st element of New List (original 2nd index element)
is",l1)
print("Now we have to remove 5 from list which is at 2nd position of index")
l1.remove(l1[2])
print("After Removal of 3rd element of New List (original 4th index element)
is",l1)
print("Now we have to remove 6 from list which is at 2nd position of index")
l1.remove(l1[2])
print (l1)

Output

You can try without print statements

Output

C. Write a Python program to clone or copy a list

l1=[2, 4, 7, 8, 9, 0]
print ("Original List is", l1)
l2=l1
print ("Clone List is ",l2)

Output
 Practical No.5 
Write the program for the following: ( by using Dictionary)

A. Write a Python script to sort (ascending and descending) a dictionary by

value.

>>> released={'Python 3.6': 2017,'Python 1.0': 2002, 'Python 2.3': 2010}

>>> for key,value in sorted(released.items()):
print (key,value)
Output:
Python 1.0 2002
Python 2.3 2010
Python 3.6 2017
Only keys sorted:
>>> print (sorted(released))
['Python 1.0', 'Python 2.3', 'Python 3.6']

B. Write a Python script to concatenate following dictionaries to create a new

one.

Sample Dictionary : dic1={1:10, 2:20} dic2={3:30, 4:40} dic3={5:50,6:60}

Expected Result : {1: 10, 2: 20, 3: 30, 4: 40, 5: 50, 6: 60}

Output:
>>> dic1={1:10,2:20}
>>> dic2={3:30,4:40}
>>> dic3={5:50,6:60}
>>> dic1.update(dic2)
>>> print (dic1)
{1: 10, 2: 20, 3: 30, 4: 40}
>>> dic1.update(dic3)
>>> print (dic1)

{1: 10, 2: 20, 3: 30, 4: 40, 5: 50, 6: 60}

C. Write a Python program to sum all the items in a dictionary.
>>> d= {'One':10,'Two':20,'Three':30}
>>> sum(d.values())
60
Practical No.6 
 
Write the program for the following: ( File handling)

A. Write a Python program to read an entire text file.

Code:
'''
Write a Python program to read an entire text file.
'''
deffile_read(fname):
txt = open(fname)
print(txt.read())
file_read('text.txt')

Output
B. Write a Python program to append text to a file and display the text.

Code:
def main():
f=open("text.txt","a+")
f.write("Welcome to Workshop on Python")
f.close()
if __name__=="__main__":
main()
Output:

C. Write a Python program to read last n lines of a file.

Code:
'''
Write a Python program to read last n lines of a file.
'''
import sys
import os
deffile_read_from_tail(fname,lines):
bufsize = 8192
fsize = os.stat(fname).st_size
iter = 0
with open(fname) as f:
if bufsize>fsize:
bufsize = fsize-1
data = []
while True:
iter +=1
f.seek(fsize-bufsize*iter)
data.extend(f.readlines())
if len(data) >= lines or f.tell() == 0:
print(''.join(data[-lines:]))
break
file_read_from_tail('text.txt',2)

Output:
 Practical No.-7 
Write the program for the following: ( class and objects)

A. Design a class that store the information of student and display the same

class Student:
def _init_(self,name, sex,course,result):
self.name=name
self.sex=sex
self.course=course
self.result=result
def display(self, name, sex, course, result):
self.name=name
self.sex=sex
self.course=course
self.result=result
print ('Name:', name)
print ('Sex:',sex)
print ('course:',course)
print ('result:', result)

Output:

>>> s1 =Student()
>>> s1.display('AshwinMehta','M','B. Sc.(IT)','96.8%')
Name: Ashwin Mehta
Sex: M
course: B. Sc.(IT)
result: 96.8%

B. Implement the concept of inheritance using python

Code:
class Shape:
author= 'Ashwin Mehta'
def _init_(self,x,y):
self.x=x
self.y=y
def area(self,x,y):
self.x=x
self.y=y
a=self.x*self.y
print ('Area of a rectangle',a)
print (author)
class Square(Shape): #class Square inherits class Shape.
def _init_(self,x):
self.x=x
def area(self,x):
self.x=x
a= self.x*self.x
print('Area of a square',a)

Output​:
>>>
RESTART:
C:/Users/Welcome/AppData/Local/Programs/Python/Python36/inherit.py
Ashwin Mehta
>>> r=Shape()
>>>r.area(12,34)
Area of a rectangle 408
>>> s=Square()
>>>s.area(34)
Area of a square 1156
C. Create a class called Numbers, which has a single class attribute called
MULTIPLIER, and a constructor which takes the parameters x and y (these
should all be numbers).

i. Write a method called add which returns the sum of the attributes x and y.

ii. Write a class method called multiply, which takes a single number
parameter a and returns the product of a and MULTIPLIER.

iii. Write a static method called subtract, which takes two number
parameters, b and c, and returns b - c. iv. Write a method called value which
returns a tuple containing the values of x and y. Make this method into a
property, and write a setter and a deleter for manipulating the values of x and
y.

class Numbers(object):
def _init_(self,x,y):
self.x=x
self.y=y
def add(self,x, y):
self.x=x
self.y=y
return self.x+self.y
def multiply(self,x):
MULTIPLIER=7.4
self.x=x
return self.x*MULTIPLIER

Output:

>>> n3=Numbers()

>>> n3.multiply(4.78)

35.37200000000001

>>> n2=Numbers()

>>> n2.add(5.7,9.3)
15.0
  
Practical No.-8 
8. Write the program for the following: (IDLE and exception handling)

A. Open a new file in IDLE (“New Window” in the “File” menu) and save it as
geometry.py in the directory where you keep the files you create for this
course. Then copy the functions you wrote for calculating volumes and areas
in the “Control Flow and Functions” exercise into this file and save it. Now
open a new file and save it in the same directory. You should now be able to
import your own module like this: import geometry 16 Try and add print
dir(geometry) to the file and run it. Now write a function
pointyShapeVolume(x, y, squareBase) that calculates the volume of a square
pyramid if squareBase is True and of a right circular cone if squareBase is
False. x is the length of an edge on a square if squareBase is True and the
radius of a circle when squareBase is False. y is the height of the object. First
use squareBase to distinguish the cases. Use the circleArea and squareArea
from the geometry module to calculate the base areas.

Code:-

import geometry
defpointyShapeVolume(x, h, square):
if square:
base = geometry.squareArea(x)
else:
base = geometry.circleArea(x)
return h * base / 3.0
print dir(geometry)
print pointyShapeVolume(4, 2.6, True)
print pointyShapeVolume(4, 2.6, False)
B. Write a program to implement exception handling.

import sys
randomList = ['a', 0, 2]
for entry in randomList:
try:
print("The entry is", entry)
r = 1/int(entry)
break
except:
print("Oops!",sys.exc_info()[0],"occured.")
print("Next entry.")
print()
print("The reciprocal of",entry,"is",r)

Output:
Practical No.9 
Write the program for the following: (Widget - GUI)

A. Try to configure the widget with various options like: bg=”red”,

family=”times”, size=18

Code:

import Tkinter
from Tkinter import *
root=Tk()
O=Canvas(root,bg="red",width=500,height=500)
O.pack()
n = Label(root,text="Hello World")
n.pack()
root.mainloop()

OutPut:-
B. Try to change the widget type and configuration options to experiment with
other widget types like Message, Button, Entry, Checkbutton, Radiobutton,
Scale etc.

Code:

Message.py

#Message in Python
from Tkinter import *
root = Tk()
var = StringVar()
label = Message( root, textvariable=var, relief=RAISED )
var.set("Hey!? How are you doing?")
label.pack()
root.mainloop()

Output:-

Button.py

Code:-

#Button in Python
import Tkinter
import tkMessageBox
top = Tkinter.Tk()
defhelloCallBack():
tkMessageBox.showinfo( "Hello Python", "Hello World")
B = Tkinter.Button(top, text ="Hello", command = helloCallBack)
B.pack()
top.mainloop()

Output:

Entry.py

Code:

#Entry in Python
from Tkinter import *
top = Tk()
L1 = Label(top, text="User Name")
L1.pack( side = LEFT)
E1 = Entry(top, bd =5)
E1.pack(side = RIGHT)
top.mainloop()
Output:-

CheckButton.py
#CheckButton In Python
from Tkinter import *
import tkMessageBox
import Tkinter
top = Tkinter.Tk()
CheckVar1 = IntVar()
CheckVar2 = IntVar()
C1 = Checkbutton(top, text = "Music", variable = CheckVar1, \
onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, height=5, \
width = 20)
C2 = Checkbutton(top, text = "Video", variable = CheckVar2, \
onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, height=5, \
width = 20)
C1.pack()
C2.pack()
top.mainloop()
Output:-

RadioButton.py
Code:
#RadioButton in Python
from Tkinter import *
defsel():
selection = "You selected the option " + str(var.get())
label.config(text = selection)
root = Tk()
var = IntVar()
R1 = Radiobutton(root, text="Option 1", variable=var, value=1,
command=sel)
R1.pack( anchor = W )
R2 = Radiobutton(root, text="Option 2", variable=var, value=2,
 command=sel)
R2.pack( anchor = W )
R3 = Radiobutton(root, text="Option 3", variable=var, value=3,
command=sel)
R3.pack( anchor = W)
label = Label(root)
label.pack()
root.mainloop()

Output:

Scale.py
Code:-
#Scale in Python
from Tkinter import *
defsel():
 selection = "Value = " + str(var.get())
label.config(text = selection)
root = Tk()
var = DoubleVar()
scale = Scale( root, variable = var )
scale.pack(anchor=CENTER)
button = Button(root, text="Get Scale Value", command=sel)
button.pack(anchor=CENTER)
label = Label(root)
label.pack()
root.mainloop()

Output:-

Practical No.10 
Design the database applications for the following: (Refer database Chapter)

A. Design a simple database application that stores the records and retrieve
the same.

import mysql.connector
db=mysql.connector.connect(user='root',passwd='root',host='127.0.0.1',database='n
it')
# prepare a cursor object using cursor() method
cursor = db.cursor()
# Drop table if it already exist using execute() method.
cursor.execute("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS EMPLOYEE")
# Create table as per requirement
sql = """CREATE TABLE EMPLOYEE (
FIRST_NAME CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
LAST_NAME CHAR(20),
AGE INT,
SEX CHAR(1),
INCOME FLOAT )"""
cursor.execute(sql)
print("Table Created Successfully");
# disconnect from server
db.close()
import mysql.connector
db=mysql.connector.connect(user='root',passwd='root',host='127.0.0.1',database='p
ython_mysql')
# prepare a cursor object using cursor() method
cursor = db.cursor()
# Prepare SQL query to INSERT a record into the database.
sql = """INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE(FIRST_NAME,
LAST_NAME, AGE, SEX, INCOME)
VALUES ('Nitesh', 'Shukla', 23, 'M', 20000)"""
try:
# Execute the SQL command
cursor.execute(sql)
print ("Data Inserted Successfully...!")
# Commit your changes in the database
db.commit()
except:
# Rollback in case there is any error
db.rollback()
# disconnect from server
db.close()
B. Design a database application to search the specified record from the
database.

import mysql.connector
db=mysql.connector.connect(user='root',passwd='root',host='127.0.0.1',database='n
it')
# prepare a cursor object using cursor() method
cursor = db.cursor()
sql = "SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE \
WHERE INCOME > '%d'" % (1000)
try:
# Execute the SQL command
cursor.execute(sql)
# Fetch all the rows in a list of lists.
results = cursor.fetchall()
for row in results:
fname = row[0]
lname = row[1]
age = row[2]
sex = row[3]
income = row[4]
# Now print fetched result
print ("Fname=%s,Lname=%s,Age=%d,Sex=%s,Income=%d" % \
(fname, lname, age, sex, income ))
except:
print ("Error: unable to fecth data")
# disconnect from server
db.close()
C. Design a database application to that allows the user to add, delete and
modify the records.

DataAdd.py

import mysql.connector
db=mysql.connector.connect(user='root',passwd='root',host='127.0.0.1',database='n
it')
# prepare a cursor object using cursor() method
cursor = db.cursor()
# Prepare SQL query to INSERT a record into the database.
sql = "INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE(FIRST_NAME, \
LAST_NAME, AGE, SEX, INCOME) \
VALUES ('%s', '%s', '%d', '%c', '%d' )" % \
('Ashwin', 'Mehta', 23, 'M', 22000)
try:
# Execute the SQL command
cursor.execute(sql)
print("Data Added Successfully")
# Commit your changes in the database
db.commit()
except:
# Rollback in case there is any error
db.rollback()
# disconnect from server
db.close()

Delete.py
import mysql.connector
db=mysql.connector.connect(user='root',passwd='root',host='127.0.0.1',database='n
it')
# prepare a cursor object using cursor() method
cursor = db.cursor()
# Prepare SQL query to UPDATE required records
sql = "DELETE FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE AGE < '%d'" % (20)
try:
# Execute the SQL command
cursor.execute(sql)
print "Data Deleted SuccessFully..!"
# Commit your changes in the database
db.commit()
except:
# Rollback in case there is any error
db.rollback()
# disconnect from server
db.close()
Update.py
import mysql.connector
db=mysql.connector.connect(user='root',passwd='root',host='127.0.0.1',database='n
it')
# prepare a cursor object using cursor() method
cursor = db.cursor()
# Prepare SQL query to UPDATE required records
sql = "DELETE FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE AGE < '%d'" % (20)
try:
# Execute the SQL command
cursor.execute(sql)
print ("Data Deleted SuccessFully..!")
# Commit your changes in the database
db.commit()
except:
# Rollback in case there is any error
db.rollback()
# disconnect from server
db.close()