PSV Sizing Tool API Based Calc Sheets PDF
PSV Sizing Tool API Based Calc Sheets PDF
PSV Sizing Tool API Based Calc Sheets PDF
1 PSV Sizing for Blocked Liquid Discharge Condition API 520 Part 1 Sec 3.8, 7th Edition
2 PSV Sizing for Blocked Gas Discharge Condition API 520 Part 1 Sec 3.6, 7th Edition
3 PSV Sizing for Fire Case of Liquid Filled Vessel API 521 Par 5.15
4 PSV Sizing for Control Valve Fail Open Case API 521, Section 5.10, 2007 edition
5 Relief Valve Sizing for Thermal Expansion API 521 Par 5.14
Guidelines
API recommended practices for the use of Safety Relief Valves in Petroleum & Chemical industries - mostly used are:
1. API Recommended Practice 520 Part I - Sizing, Selection & Installation of Pressure relieving devices in Refineries.
2. API Recommended Practice 520 Part II – Installation of pressure relief systems in Refineries.
3. API Recommended Practice 521 – Guide for Pressure-Relieving and Depressuring Systems.
4. API Standard 526 - Flanged Steel Pressure Relief Valves
5. API Recommended Practice 527 - Seat Tightness of Pressure Relief Valves
6. API Standard 2000 - Venting Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks: Non-refrigerated and Refrigerated
7. API Standard 2001- Fire Protection in Refineries.
The designed pressure relieving devices should be certified and approved under Code,
1. ASME- Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section I, and Section VIII, Pressure Vessels.
2. ASME- Performance Test Code PTC-25, Safety and Relief Valves.
Notes
The following Excel Sheet serves for training and preliminay design purposes and process specifications but the final design must always be
checked by a subject matter expert and guaranteed for service by an authorized manfucturing vendor.
PSV Sizing - Blocked Liquid Discharge [Requiring Capacity Certification]
Equipment No. V-100 PSV SIZING RESULTS
Relief Service Crude Oil Selected Standard Orifice Area [Based on API 526] 6.38 inch2
Flow through vessel / Relieving Rate 300,000 kg/h Flow Rate [Q] 5,556 lit/min
Liquid Density (for specific gravity calc) 900 kg/m3 Specific Gravity [SG] 0.9 -
Back Pressure at Relief Valve Discharge 4.00 barg Coefficient of Discharge [Kd] 0.65 -
Rupture Disc Installed Upstream of RV Yes Combination correction factors for use of rupture discs [K C] 0.9 -
Type of Relief Valve Balanced Bellow Correction Factor due to back pressure[KW] 0.96 -
2,795 mm2
Initial Orifice Area Sizing (no viscosity correction) [Kv = 1.0] [AR]
4.33 inch2
Notes
1. Conventional and pilot operated valves require no special correction for Kw (correction due to back pressure)
Flow through vessel / Relieving Rate [W] 15,000 kg/h Mass Flow [W] 33,069 lb/h
Ratio of Specific Heats [k = C P/CP-R] 1.30 - Coefficient [C] 347 Unit
Gas Molecular Weight [MW] 65.0 lb/lbmol Relieving Temperature of Inlet gas to PSV [T] 627 Rankine
Relieving Temperature 75 C
0 Coefficient of Discharge [Kd] 0.975 -
Back Pressure at Relief Valve Discharge 4.00 barg Combination correction factors for use of rupture discs [K C] 1.00 -
FLOW CONDITION BEHAVIOUR Ratio of Back Pressure to Upstream Relieving Pressure [r] 0.77 -
Critical Flow Pressure Ratio 0.55 - Coefficient of Subcritical Flow [F2] 0.86 -
Upstream Relieving Pressure [P1] 94.5 psia PSV SIZING RESULTS - BASED on API 526
51.5 psia Calculated Orifice Area [Acalc] 3.39 inch2
Critical Flow Nozzle Pressure [P cf]
2.5 barg Selected Orifice Designation M -
FLOW CONDITION BEHAVIOUR SUBCRITICAL FLOW Selected Standard Orifice Area [A select] [ Based on API 526] 3.6 inch2
Notes
1. Conventional and pilot operated valves require no special correction for K w (correction due to back pressure)
Tank Diameter [D] 4.50 m Relieving Rate [W] 4,352 kg/h Mass Flow [W] 9,594 lb/h
Tank Length [T/T] [L] 21.00 m Ratio of Specific Heats [k = C P/CV] 1.39 - Coefficient [C] [SQRT(lbm.lbmol.R/lbf.hr] 355 Unit
Tank with Boot Yes - Gas Compressibility Factor [Z] 0.53 - Relieving/Upstream Pressure [P1] 1,769 psia
Boot Diameter 1.20 Gas Molecular Weight [MW] 79.3 lb/lbmol Relieving Temperature of Inlet gas to PSV [T] 989.6 Rankine
Vessel and Boot Head Hemispherical - Over Pressure 21 % Correction Factor due to back pressure[KB] 1.00 -
Tank Elevation w/o considering Boot [H] 5.5 m Back Pressure at Relief Valve Discharge 3.5 barg Combination correction factors for use of rupture discs [KC] 1.00 -
Tank Elevation with Boot [H] 2.9 m Rupture Disc Installed Upstream of RV No CALCULATIONS - SUB CRITICAL FLOW
Operating Liquid Level [HLL/NLL] [F] 4.0 m Type of Relief Valve Conventional Downstream Pressure [P2] 65 psia
Drainage & Fire Fighting Measures Available - FLOW CONDITION BEHAVIOUR Ratio of Back Pressure to Upstream Relieving Pressure [r] 0.04 -
150 kJ/kg Critical Flow Pressure Ratio 0.53 - Coefficient of Subcritical Flow [F2] 0.14 -
Latent Heat of Vaporization
64 BTU/lb Upstream Relieving Pressure [P1] 1,769 psia PSV SIZING RESULTS - BASED on API 526
Is the Vessel Insulated Yes - 938 psia Calculated Orifice Area [Acalc] 0.04 inch2
Critical Flow Nozzle Pressure [Pcf]
Thermal Conductivity of Insulation 3.00 W/m.K 62.8 barg Selected Orifice Designation D -
% Piping Exposed to Fire 20 % FLOW CONDITION BEHAVIOUR CRITICAL FLOW Selected Standard Orifice Area [Aselect] [ Based on API 526] 0.11 inch2
Environmental Factor [F] 0.0399 -
9,594 lb/h
Vapour Flow Rate
4,352 kg/h
Notes
1. Conventional and pilot operated valves require no special correction for K w (correction due to back pressure)
4. Section VIII, Division I, of the ASME Code requires that capacity certification be obtained for pressure relief valves designed for liquid service.
5. The wetted area computed with hemispherical ends is considered approximately equal to wetted area with elliptical heads since margin is added to account for piping. The difference is expected to be accomodated in the margin
PSV Sizing - Control Valve Fail Open
Equipment No. V-100 PSV SIZING RESULTS
Relief Service Fuel Gas FLOW CONDITION BEHAVIOUR CRITICAL FLOW
Reason for Relief Control Valve Fail Open Selected Standard Orifice Area [Based on API 526] 26.00 inch2
Selected Orifice Designation T -
CONTROL VALVE INPUT PSV INPUT CALCULATIONS - CRITICAL FLOW
Parameter Value Unit Parameter Value Unit Parameter Value Unit
6.49 barg Flow through vessel / Relieving Rate [W] 61,012 kg/h Mass Flow [W] 134,508 lb/h
Control Valve Inlet Pressure [P1]
109 psia Ratio of Specific Heats [k = CP/CV] 1.25 - Coefficient [C] 342 Unit
4.63 barg Gas Compressibility Factor [Z] 0.98 - Relieving/Upstream Pressure [P1] 90.4 psia
Control Valve Outlet Pressure [P2]
82 psia Gas Molecular Weight [MW] 19.4 lb/lbmol Relieving Temperature of Inlet gas to PSV [T] 551 Rankine
Control Valve Inlet Temperature [T1] 35.0 0
C Relieving Temperature [CV Outlet] 32.7 C
0 Coefficient of Discharge [Kd] 0.975 -
Gas Molecular Weight [MW] 19.37 kg/kmol RV Set Pressure 4.50 barg Percent of Gauge Back Pressure 0.0 %
Ratio of Specific Heats [k = CP/CV] 1.25 Over Pressure 16 % Correction Factor due to back pressure[KB] 1.00 -
Control Valve Cv 768.0 - Back Pressure at Relief Valve Discharge 0.00 barg Combination correction factors for use of rupture discs [KC] 1.00 -
Gas Compressibility Factor [Z] 0.9791 Rupture Disc Installed Upstream of RV No CALCULATIONS - SUB CRITICAL FLOW
CALCULATIONS Type of Relief Valve Balanced Bellow Downstream Pressure [P2] 14.7 psia
Parameter Value Unit FLOW CONDITION BEHAVIOUR Ratio of Back Pressure to Upstream Relieving Pressure [r] 0.16 -
Pressure Drop [ΔP] 27 psia Critical Flow Pressure Ratio 0.56 - Coefficient of Subcritical Flow [F2] 0.31 -
Pressure Drop Ratio [x] 0.25 - Upstream Relieving Pressure [P1] 90.4 psia PSV SIZING RESULTS - BASED on API 526
Piping Geometry Factor [Fp] 1.00 - 50.2 psia Calculated Orifice Area [Acalc] 23.55 inch2
Critical Flow Nozzle Pressure [Pcf]
Ratio of Specific Heat Factor [Fk] 0.89 - 2.4 barg Selected Orifice Designation T -
Rated Pressure Drop Factor [xT] 0.81 - FLOW CONDITION BEHAVIOUR CRITICAL FLOW Selected Standard Orifice Area [Aselect] [ Based on API 526] 26 inch2
Expansion Factor [Y] 0.885 -
Flow Behaviour across Control Valve SUB CRITICAL -
Mass Flow through Control Valve 61,012 kg/h
Notes
1. Conventional and pilot operated valves require no special correction for Kw (correction due to back pressure)
2. Balanced Bellow type valves should be selected if back pressure is a variable
3. Upstream Relieving Pressure = Set Pressure + Allowable Over Pressure
4. Section VIII, Division I, of the ASME Code requires that capacity certification be obtained for pressure relief valves designed for liquid service.
Relief Valve Sizing - Thermal Expansion
Equipment No. V-100 PSV SIZING RESULTS
Relief Service Fuel Gas Selected Standard Orifice Area NPS 3/4" x NPS 1"
Reason for Relief Thermal Expansion RV Flow Rate [m3/h] 1.91
INPUT Notes
Parameter Value Unit 1. Since the flowrates are very small for Thermal expansion cases the safety valve size of
850 kg/m3 NPS 3/4" x NPS 1" (DN 20 x DN25) should be sufficient as per API 521 Par. 5.14.2
Density of Liquid (ρ)
53.1 lb/f3
API Gravity 35.0 0
API
1000.0 kJ/s
Total Heat Transfer Rate [H]
3,412,140 BTU/hr
2.00 kJ/kg.K
Specific Heat of Trapped Fluid [C]
0.4777 BTU/lb 0F
Cubic Expansion Coefficient [B] 0.00050 1/0F
Specific Gravity (SG) 0.850 -
RESULTS
8.40 USGPM
RV Flow Rate
1.91 m3/h
RO Sizing - Gas Flow
Equipment No. V-100 RO SIZING RESULTS
Relief Service Fuel Gas FLOW CONDITION BEHAVIOUR CRITICAL FLOW
RO Tag No. xx-RO-xxx GAS FLOW 6803.0 kg/h
Notes
1. P1 & P2 is computed in Pascals (Pa)
RO Sizing - Liquid Flow
Equipment No. V-100 RO SIZING RESULTS
Relief Service Condensate Orifice Mass Flow 36,261 kg/h
RO INPUT CALCULATIONS
Parameter Value Unit Parameter Value Unit
Liquid Density [ρ1] 850 kg/m 3 Upstream Pressure [P1] 1.44 bara
Upstream Pressure [P1] 0.43 barg Downstream Pressure [P2] 1.01 bara
Downstream Pressure [P2] 0.00 barg 1,963 mm2
Orifice Area [A]
Pressure Ratio [P2/P1] 0.70 - 0.001963 m2
Orifice diameter [d] 50.0 mm Orifice Mass Flow 10.07 kg/s
Notes
1. P1 & P2 is computed in Pascals (Pa)
2. In case, Orifice Flow Rate is Known, Use 'Goal Seek' to backcalculate the orifice diameter required
Single Phase Line Sizing
Piping No. x"-xxx-xxx RO SIZING RESULTS
Service Condensate Pressure Drop [ΔP] 0.0002 bar
From Equipment V-100 Fluid Velocity 0.05 m/s
To Equipment V-200 Flow Behaviour Turbulent -
Turbulent Flow - Churchill Equation Friction Factor [f] Friction Factor [f] 0.0324 -
Term A 1.30E+19 - 0.02360 kPa
Pressure Drop [ΔP]
Term B 7.36E+09 - 0.00024 bar
Churchill Equation - Friction Factor [f] 0.0327 - Pressure Drop per 100m [ΔP/L] 0.00024 bar/100 m
Turbulent Flow - Colebrook Equation Friction Factor [f]
Churchill Equation - Friction Factor [f] 0.0324 -
Notes
1. P1 & P2 is computed in Pascals (Pa)
2. If NRe <= 2100 - Use Laminar Flow Friction Factor
2. If NRe <= 4000 - Use Churchill Equation
3. If NRe > 4000 - Use Colebrook Equation
4. Pressure Drop is estimated using Darcy-Weisbach Equation
Gas Control Valve Sizing
Equipment No. V-100
CALCULATIONS
Parameter Value Unit
Notes
2,771 f3
Total Volume of Tank [Vtotal]
20,728 U.S Gallons LAHH 14.74 feet
Summary
8.23 f
Liquid Alarm H [LAH]
2.23 f
LAH to NLL