Septic Tank
Septic Tank
Septic Tank
Oxidation Ditches. An
oxidation ditch is a modified
activated sludge
biological treatment process
that utilizes long solids retention
times (SRTs) to remove
biodegradable organics.
Oxidation ditches are typically
complete mix systems, but they
can be modified to approach
plug flow conditions.
Septic Tank
Theory:
• Septic tank is based on the principle of sedimentation of
sewage and digestion of sludge.
• In this tank, the sewage is detained for some period. during this
detention period the sewage is decomposed by anaerobic
bacteria and sludge is deposit at the bottom ( as sedimentation
tank).
• This digestion of sludge is carried out by the anaerobic bacteria
(as digestion tank).
• The effluent is clear and it is discharged into the soak pit
constructed at a suitable place.
TREAT SEWAGE SO THAT IT IS MADE HARMLESS.
SEPTIC TANK
❖ Process:
➢ Horizontal continuous flow bed tank (with
longer detention time)
➢ Extended sedimentation tank
➢ 12-36 hours detention
➢ Closed tank– Anaerobic decomposition of
settled sludge
➢ Three purposes
➢ Sedimentation
➢ Digestion tank
➢ Storage of digested sludge
⚫ Following reaction occurs:
⚫ Organic materials +Nutrients =
CH4 + CO2 +NH3 + H2S + Biomass
100 240
150 360
200 480
300 720
Advantages
1. Ease in construction.
2. No maintenance problem(except periodical
cleaning).
3. Cost of construction is less.
4. Effluent can be discharged without any
trouble.
5. It is suitable for isolated community.
6. Very little attention and skilled attendance is
needed.
Disadvantages
1. If ST is not properly functioning, effluent will be very foul &
dark.
2. Leakage of gases from top cover of ST may cause bed
smells & environmental pollution.
3. Periodical cleaning, removal and disposal of sludge remains
a tedious problem.
4. Unpredictable functioning.
5. Size required is large for larger communities.
6. Effluent contains high BOD.
7. Problem of mosquito nuisance.
8. Problem of ground water contamination
Disposal Of Effluent