Ma. Estrella Luz R.

Penaloza
Senior EDS, NEDA-10
I. OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
1. Introduction
2. Objectives of the Study
3. Scope and Limitation
4. Theoretical and Conceptual Framework
5. Methodology
6. Results and Findings
1. Tourists
2. Tourism Services
7. Conclusion
8. Policy recommendations
I. INTRODUCTION
• Tourism-- a means to increase domestic base of
small island economies among others
• Alternative tourism approaches ex. CBT --
challenged re industry economic and
institutional sustainability (Okazaki, 2008).
• Successful alternative tourism approaches is
achieved through product, market and
marketing synergy (Dodds & Graci, 2012; Sauter &
Leisen, 1999; Trousdale, 1999; Williams & Ponsford,
2009)
I. INTRODUCTION
• Philippines adopts tourism as a development strategy
due to country’s rich natural and cultural tourism
assets
• Camiguin Island, as island destination faces the
challenge of sustaining the economic benefits from
tourism development without sacrificing the
environmental sustainability of its natural resources.
• Despite strong support to tourism development,
Camiguin still lags behind in terms of tourism growth
• Necessitates the need to further understand the
tourism characteristics in the island
II. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1. To analyze the economic and non-economic
characteristics of Camiguin Island

2. To identify challenges that Camiguin Island face

in the context of achieving economic
sustainability of its tourism industry
III. Scope and Limitation
• Sustainability is focus on economic
sustainability
• Domestic tourists - Philippine
residents
• International - Non-Philippine
residents
• Local – Camiguin/Philipine residents
Theoretical Framework
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Source: Author, 2015 as adopted from Byrd, 2007, Muller, 1994

Dimensions of Travel & Tourism
• Macro Perspective
– Policy towards sustainability of tourism industry
– Growth in tourist arrival
– Seasonality of tourist arrival
• Micro perspective
Tourists Tourism Services
Types of tourists, Distance, Classification of tourism
Origin, Mode of Transport, services, Operation of tourism
Duration, Purpose, services, Classification of
Accommodation tourism-employment
METHODOLOGY
Descriptive Study
– Review of existing local policies supporting
sustainable tourism
– Time series and cross sectional data
– Tourist exit expenditure survey
 Japan
Philippines
Research Area
Philippines
Manila
Manila
Cebu

Cebu
Camiguin

Cagayan de Oro

Camiguin

Balingoan

Laguindingan

Camiguin Island
Results and Findings
Sustainable Tourism Local Policies

• Camiguin island adopts an existing

sustainable tourism policy through its
Camiguin Tourism Code and its
DRR/CCA Enhanced Provincial
Development and Physical Framework
Plan by adopting “local oriented and
low impact tourism development”
(PDPFP, 2013).
Tourism in Camiguin is growing
• 98% are
domestic
tourists
• International
tourist arrival
is very
minimal at
3% as
compared to
other island
destinations
• Average
Annual
Growth Rate
from 2009-
2012 is
14.4%
Source of Primary Data: Regional Social and Economic Trends (RSET) of the Philippine Statistics Authority
NSCB; Quarterly Regional Economic Situationer of NEDA-10; Tourism Demand Statistics of the Department of
Touris
Tourism in Camiguin is highly seasonal
80,000
70,000
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000 2011
20,000 2012
10,000
0 2013

• High season- summer months esp. holy week, Lanzones

festival
• Low season – July-August (rainy months)
Place of Origin (International Tourists)
Thailand
6%
Israel
France 6%
6%
Germany
22% • International
Brazil
6% tourists are
England mostly from
5%
Switzerland European
countries
17%
Denmark
5%

Australia
Japan US
5%
11% 11%

Source: Author’s Survey, 2015

Place of Origin (Domestic Tourists)
Legaspi City Bicol Pampanga
3% 3% 3%
Cavite City
Quezon City 3%
3%
Manila
3% Cagayan de Oro
NCR 19%
3%
Antipolo city
3%
Malaybalay City
El Salvador City 13%
3%

• Domestic tourists primarily

Iligan City
6%
Bohol
9% Makati
Cebu
16% are from neighboring islands:
City
10% CDO, Malaybalay, Cebu,
Bohol
Source: Author’s Survey, 2015
Tourist Spending

• 83% of Int’l tourists surveyed stayed for more than 3 days

• Over half of Domestic Tourists stayed for 2 days and 1 night
Disaggregation of Tourist Spending

• Major expenditures: Inter-island transportation, diving activities,

sightseeing, intra-island transportation, food
Disaggregation of Tourist Spending

• Major expenditures: intra-island transportation, food, sightseeing, travel

agency services, sea transportation, souvenir
Travel Information
Source and
Arrangements
• 66% of
tourists
source their
information
from informal
sources i.e.
friend
• 82% planned
and arranged
travel by
themselves
• 80% are first
time visitors
Other Tourist Characteristics
• Purpose of Travel- Leisure (Int’l- 100%, Local-86%)
• Mean travel party size
– 2 (Int’l.) with friends
– 3 (Local) with family member
• Tourist accommodation
– In private resort (66%)
– In friend’s house(30%)
• Source of meals
– Multiple sources (70%)
– Exclusively in accommodation (12%)
– Food shops on site (18%)
Tourism Services Characteristics

Source: Department of Trade and Industry, Province of Camiguin

a Classification made by the author depending on characteristic of the services provided by the

enterprise

• 43% are accommodation enterprises

• 26% are food shops/restaurants
 Tourism Services Characteristics

•28% are
homestay
accommodation

•18% are small

scale resort hotels

Source: Survey of Accommodation conducted by the Department of Tourism

Regional Office-10, 2012
 Government engages in
tourism entrepreneurial services

Source: Municipal Accounting Office, Ardent Hibok-Hibok Spring Resort

• 72% of the income of tourism services are for personnel service

• 24% are for maintenance and operating expenses
• For 2014, a net loss is experienced
Challenges on sustaining tourism
dev’t.
• Destination tourism information is limited by “word of mouth”
which may have negative implications as to economic
sustainability of tourism as a development strategy, although
beneficial as to environmental sustainability.

• Seasonality of tourism activities has impact on tourism services

operation which have implications to pricing strategies among
tourism products/services.
• government-managed resorts has tendency to focus more on
job generation efforts
CONCLUSION
The existing tourism activities tend to support the province’
tourism policy of local oriented tourism activity.
• From the demand side:
– Tourists are patronizing local tourism products/services
– Challenge: weak promotional efforts that is characterized by
informal sources of destination information
• From the supply of tourism services
– Local tourism products and services generate local employment.
 Policy Recommendations
• Sustain local oriented tourism growth to address
subjective well-being of locals
• Address economic sustainability by smoothing the
seasonality of tourism either by adopting innovative
promotional activities or new tourism activity
during off season
• Review the profitability of government-operated
resorts